JPS6013276A - Acoustic signal identifier for ship - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To relieve a mate or the like of working load with the automation of work while preventing possible trouble due to misjudgment by a method wherein acoustic signals from other ships are automatically captured to be decided on through a central processor and the results are displayed. CONSTITUTION:Acoustic signals from other ships sailing in the fog are automatically captured with an antenna 1 and wind direction, wind velocity, bearing of the bow, revolutions of the spindle corresponding to the own speed and the like are inputted into a microprocessor 4-2 of a central processor in a data processing/display 4 through an interface 4-1. According to the input, the processor 4-2 automatically decides on the movement of other ships to make a display 4-3 indicate it or to be outputted outside via an output interface 4-4. With such an arrangement, the work is automated to relieve a mate or the like of working burden while preventing possible accident due to misjudgment.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a ship acoustic signal identification device, and more particularly to a ship acoustic signal identification device that can be applied to devices that use acoustic signals to determine the movements of other ships.

For example, acoustic signals (70 Hz to 700 Hz) by audio equipment required by the Maritime Collision Prevention Law are intended to notify other ships of the movement and status of a ship (turning, moving astern, etc.).

Conventionally, a ship's crew listens to the acoustic signals of other ships, determines the position of the other ship from the direction in which the signal is being sent, and determines the ship's movement based on the content of the signal. .

Therefore, in the past, the workload of navigators and others was heavy, and there was a risk of accidents occurring due to misjudgment.

The present invention was proposed in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to automate the work of navigators, etc. (judging trends of other ships, such as identifying ships and determining the content of signals). It is an object of the present invention to provide a ship acoustic signal identification device that can reduce the workload of navigation personnel, etc., and can prevent accidents caused by misjudgment by navigators, etc.

The ship acoustic signal identification device according to the present invention ζ2 includes an acoustic antenna for detecting external sounds, a self-contained acoustic control device installed to distinguish between the acoustic signals of own ship and other ships, and an external sound antenna for detecting wind direction, azimuth, etc. A central processing unit that processes each data output from the sensor group, the acoustic antenna, the ship's own acoustic control system, and the external sensor group to determine the movements of other ships; It is characterized by being equipped with a data processing/display device having a display device that displays the movements of other ships, and automatically grasps the acoustic signals of other ships, and the arrival direction and content of the signals (other ships' By automatically determining the trends, conditions, etc.) and displaying the results of these determinations, the system reduces the workload of navigators, etc., and prevents accidents caused by misjudgment. .

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 2 (A), (B), (C) are the first
Figure 2 (5) is a plan view, (B) is a side view, (C) is a connection diagram, and Figure 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the acoustic antenna shown in the figure.
Figure 4 is a block diagram showing the detailed configuration of the data processing/display unit shown in Figure 1. Figures 5 (4) and (B) are FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the processing flow of FIG. 4;

In Fig. 1, 1 is an acoustic antenna (hereinafter abbreviated as AA);
2 is an external sensor group, 3 is an own ship acoustic control system (hereinafter referred to as AHC)
4 represents a data processing/display unit (hereinafter abbreviated as MU). Further, as the external sensor group 2, conventional devices are used, for example, 2-8 is a wind vane, 2-2 is an anemometer, 2-
8 is direction sensor f (gyro, magnetic compass, etc.),
Reference numeral 2-4 is a main shaft rotation meter, and each of these sensors detects the ship's own position, wind direction, wind speed, heading, and main shaft rotation speed. The data processing/display device 4 includes an external signal input interface i-face 41 (hereinafter abbreviated as PI), a central processing unit 4-2 (hereinafter abbreviated as MPU), a display device 4-3 (hereinafter abbreviated as DPL), and a signal output Interface 4-4
(hereinafter abbreviated as Pφ).

The operation of the embodiment of the present invention will be explained below. First, an overview of the functions of each part will be explained according to the configuration example shown in FIG.

In FIG. 1, AAz is, for example, a sound pressure detector that detects external sounds. The acoustic signal obtained by this detector is sent to the MU4 as an electrical signal. Similarly, various signals obtained from each sensor group 2 are also input to the MU4. These signals sent to the MU4 are sent to the MPUJ-, via the PI4-,
It is inputted to the MPU 4t periodically or randomly for control. The MPU4 g statistically processes these input data and calculates the input acoustic signals in steady state (when there are no acoustic signals from other ships or own ship) and when receiving acoustic signals from other ships. The acoustic signals of other ships are extracted by utilizing the fact that the input acoustic signals have different statistical properties (characteristics). The extracted signal is decoded by the same MPU 4-, and its contents are displayed on the DPL 4-3. If necessary, it can also be output as an external signal control signal via Pφ4-4. Also, the relative direction of other ships is identified based on the strength of the input acoustic signal in each direction.The signal from the AHCJ is used here to distinguish between own ship and other ships' signals.

These actions and processing contents will be described below.

(1) Acoustic antenna AAJ As shown in FIG. 2, the AAJ consists of a plurality of acoustic vibrators (eight in this example) and a plurality of sensor sections (eight in this example). These are arranged on concentric circles and can receive acoustic signals from all directions (in this example, one sensor covers 945°).

If a sound source is located in the direction of P and outputs sound, the 6th vibrator will vibrate most strongly, and in conjunction with the vibrator,
The sensor senses it.

Here, the form of the sensor and type a are not particularly limited. (The device shall be a coil, electrostatic type, piezoelectric element, etc. that can convert mechanical vibrations into electrical signals.) The signals detected here are transmitted to each sensor (main unit) as shown in Figure 2 (C'). In the example, 8
i) is sent to MU4.

The signals obtained from each sensor 2-, to 2-4 are sent to 14U4.

(3) Own ship acoustic control device 3 Signals from this device are input to distinguish between own ship and other ships' acoustic signals. Generally, an acoustic control device generates an acoustic signal by turning on/off an electric signal as shown in FIG. Send this contact information to MU4.

In this example, an air horn is used, and a solenoid valve is controlled to emit an acoustic signal. Here a is an acoustic stop/blow signal,
b is the air signal, C is the MU4- signal, and b and b are the power source, solenoid valve, and air horn, respectively.

(4) Data processing/display device 4 The operation of this device and an example of its processing will be explained with reference to FIG.

In the figure, a+ b9 ct dg'' and f y g (here, f is the same as 4-3 in Fig. 1) are a filter section, a spectrum analysis section, a statistical data save section, an environmental condition judgment section, and a basic data storage section 9, respectively. The display section is a 9-hour counter (timer), and the h and i symbols are comparative judgments.

Represents an adder (combiner). Also, statistical data save section C
are stored in c-1, c-2, c-3 depending on the purpose, the basic data storage section e is stored in e-1, e-2, and the time counter g is stored in g.
1*g 'yg 3, comparative judgment is h-1, h-2,
Combiner i is divided into i-1 and i-2, respectively.

First, the acoustic signals obtained at the AAz described in (1) are input to the a filter section in the MUJ for each direction (separate sensor) at a predetermined sampling time. In the example of Figure 2, there are eight directions for sensors 1 to 8). Figure M5 shows the contents of the filter part. The filter part 0 is a filter corresponding to the number of inputs of AAJ, and in Figure 5, filters I to 2 are prepared corresponding to inputs 1 to 8). is composed of several bandpass filters, as shown in FIG. 5(B).

In the example shown in FIG. 5(B), five bandpass filters are provided, each of which has a different passing frequency. In this example, the pass frequency band is 0 to 125 Hz.

■125Hz ~ 259Hz, ■250Hz ~ 500Hz
.

■500 Hz~l KHz, ■I KHz~2 K
In the case where the input acoustic signal is divided into Hz, when it passes through the filter section, it will be outputted for each frequency component in each direction. (In this example, 8×5=40, resulting in 40 outputs.) The signal output from the filter (40 human outputs in this example) is input to the spectrum analysis section. Figure 6 shows the processing flow at the headquarters. Here, (a) is an integrator, (b) is a spectrum analyzer, and t-t is data that has been statistically processed up to that point.

Data input from the filter is integrated for each frequency band. Using these integrated time series data and data up to the present time as input, the power spectrum density up to the present time is saved again in the e9.

The statistical processing data obtained by the above-mentioned processing is shown in c- in Fig. 4.
There are three types as shown in 1, c-2, and c-3. These will be explained below.

c-1('Wc(ω)) The data We('Wc(ω)) currently being statistically processed as described in the preprocessing explanation
ω), with the sampling data input as AAzzp,
The processed data for the preset number of times heX is saved.

c -2 (WN(ω)) This data is obtained by AAl in the absence of any acoustic signals from other ships or your own ship, and is calculated by filter section output frequency.
It is a data punctured version of the power spectrum of noise for each external condition (described later), and is used as a reference value for comparison when extracting acoustic signals from other ships.

c-3(WD(ω)) This data is power spectrum data c-1(W c
Adder 1-1 subtracts the noise power spectrum data c-2 (WN(ω)) in the case where there is no acoustic signal of other ships or own ship from the difference (here, WN(ω)).
) shall be given as a negative value) is saved.

Here, for c-2 (WN(ω)) to be referred to, data by filter unit utility data (by frequency) is used, using the external sales item (described later) given by the environmental condition judgment unit d as an index. .

If the data output from adder i-1 is within the preset value, it is processed as a normal state (a state in which the acoustic signal of other ships or own ship is not being blown), and c
No data is saved in -J(WD(ω)).

If the data output from t-1 is greater than or equal to the preset value, it is assumed that an acoustic signal different from the normal state has been input, and the data monitoring timer g I (T I M
E R1) e g 2 (T I M E R2)
Start.

The environmental condition determination unit d uses the wind direction, wind speed, and
The external environmental conditions at that time are set (classified) based on the main shaft (or main engine) rotation speed. An example of the classification is shown below.

(Example) Wind direction: Divided into 8 directions (bow) Wind speed: Divided into 3 stages 1.0~l Q Kt 2.10Kt~3 Q Kt 3.30Kt or more Spindle rotation speed: Maximum rotation speed aX divided into four 11. 0~-)
8x z, + Sx +++ Sx 3, -0 to -+S x 4, -) S x to -8x If classified like this, the combination is
It becomes 96. Therefore, in order to perform the classification in this example, the statistical data c-2 (WN(ω)) will have frequency-specific data based on these 96 combinations. Here, if the frequency classification is performed using five bandpass filters as described in the example of FIG. 6, there will be a total of 96×5=480 pieces of data.

The basic data storage section e consists of own ship acoustic signal characteristics (here, power spectral density along with other data) e-1 and an acoustic signal pattern e-2 defined in the Maritime Collision Prevention Act. Moreover, these data have as many data as the number of combinations prepared in the environmental condition determining section d.

Based on the data obtained through the above information and processing, the sound signals of other ships can be extracted through the following processing.

From the time when a signal different from the normal state is detected at the above-mentioned h-2, timer g-J (TIMERI).

g-,2 (TIMER2) starts operating. The acoustic signal consists of a combination of short and long tones, with each short tone lasting 1 second.

A long sound is 4 to 6 seconds long, and the interval is specified by x9 for the signal type, so here, g-1 (TIMERI) is the signal counter, (if 100 m5 is the sample time, 1 second is 10 times)
), g-2 can be used as a time counter between signals, it is possible to extract both long and short sound signals and their continuity as signals. ○The signal obtained in this way is Compare it with the e-2 acoustic signal pattern in the basic data storage section e to determine if it is an acoustic signal from another ship, or if it is a signal, decipher the meaning of the signal and display its contents on the display section f. do. Furthermore, as described in (1) acoustic antenna AAJ, the arrival direction of the signal can be known by determining the magnitude of the signal of the sensor section of AAf when the signal is detected. This data, together with the interpreted signal content, is displayed on the display section f as the acoustic signal direction. (Figure 1 2-8
Absolute direction can also be given by referring to the ship's heading).

If own ship is generating an acoustic signal, it will receive the signal from the throat < A II C mentioned above (3). in this case,
As reference data for signal/noise classification, the comparison/judgment section h −
, v determines c −2(WN (ω)) in the normal state.
From there, switching is made to the basic data storage section a-i.

Up until now, the statistical processing data c-2 (WN(ω)) has been treated as given in advance, but even if this data is not available, some learning time is required, but the following procedure can be used. You can also get

(Also, some human judgment is required).

If the device of the present invention is activated by human judgment only during normal times,
In FIG. 4, data for jlcx times is saved in cJ(We(ω)). This data is current.
7! It is combined with the data of cx times previous data c -2 (WN (ω)) at i-2 and saved in c-2 (WrJ (ω)). The timer that counts this 11LeX is gJ (TrMER3). Also, c-2(WN(ω
)) is prepared, even if the comparator h-2 detects that it is not an acoustic signal from another ship, it will similarly transmit the latest information (of noise) via the synthesizer i-2. (!-2(W
It is possible to save N(ω)).

In view of the above, according to the present invention, the work of navigators, etc. (ship identification,
By automating the process of determining the behavior of other ships, such as determining signal content, it is possible to reduce the workload of navigators, etc. Furthermore, excellent effects such as being able to prevent accidents caused by misjudgment by navigators and the like can be achieved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 2 (5), , (B), and (C) are the first
Figure 2 (5) is a plan view, υ) is a side view, (C) is a close-up view, and Figure 3 is the ship's own ship's acoustic 1-] control device in Figure 1. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the detailed configuration of the data processing/display device shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. The figure shown in FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the processing flow of FIG. 4. 1...Acoustic antenna, 2...External sensor group, 3...
- Own ship acoustic control device, 4... data processing/display device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] An acoustic antenna that detects external sounds, an own ship's acoustic control device installed to distinguish between own ship and other ships' acoustic signals, an external sensor group that detects wind direction, azimuth, etc., the above acoustic antenna, and own ship's own ship. Data that includes a central processing unit that processes each data output from the acoustic control device and the external sensor group to determine the movements of other ships, and a display device that displays the movements of other ships determined by this central processing unit. 1. A ship acoustic signal identification device, comprising: a processing/display device.