JPS5931679B2 - explosive loading device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is an explosive loading device for loading explosives into a blast hole drilled in a bedrock, and is capable of successively supplying explosive cartridges and tightly loading them, especially in a water hole. This invention relates to an explosive loading device that allows for close loading.

Generally, when fully loading explosives into a blast hole drilled in the rock, if the diameter of the hole is small and the length of the hole is short, a ramming rod is used to load dynamite cartridges or hydrous explosive cartridges that can be detonated with a detonator. The method of loading is by manually pushing or loading by hand or by falling naturally (hand loading).

On the other hand, when the charge hole diameter is large (generally 45 mm or more) and the charge hole length is long, in order to load ammonium nitrate oil explosives,
Mechanical loading using an air loading machine or the like is generally used.

When loading explosives into a blast hole drilled in bedrock and detonating them, the explosives must have high power in order to be effective.
It is necessary to have a high loading specific gravity (close loading), which is indicated by the ratio of the explosive volume to the blast hole volume.

However, in the conventional manual loading method as described above, it is generally difficult to perform close loading, and in some cases, it may also be dangerous.

In addition, in mechanical loading using a conventional air loading machine, it is sometimes possible to covertly load a normal blast hole, but especially when the blast hole has become a water hole due to spring water, etc. , it was completely impossible to covertly load it.

For example, an air loading machine developed for ammonium nitrate explosives is capable of tightly loading ammonium nitrate explosives in the form of bulk (bag-like) powder into ordinary blast holes;
It is impossible to covertly charge water into a water hole, and it will also lose its explosive ability.

Furthermore, ammonium nitrate explosives in the form of cartridges could not be secretly loaded.

Additionally, a pressurized air loading system was developed as a device for mechanically loading dynamite cartridges, hydrous explosive cartridges, etc.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 36-7399, Japanese Patent Publication No. 39-5199).

However, this device simply injects pressurized air into the charge cylinder intermittently and uses the jet flow effect to discharge and load the explosive cartridge into the blast hole through the loading tube. There was a problem in that it was difficult to carry out sufficient close loading, and the effect of close loading was reduced, especially in water holes, and the explosives were simply dropped into the water from the end of the loading tube.

Further, in this loading device, since the explosive cartridges are inserted one by one into the cartridge of the loading device, there is a problem in that the number of cartridges to be loaded cannot be managed reliably.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems and can be used in all cases, regardless of the type of blast hole such as small diameter or large diameter, normal hole or water hole, and regardless of the type of explosive. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an explosive loading device that is capable of tightly loading explosives, especially in the case of water holes.

That is, the explosive loading device of the present invention is an apparatus in which explosive cartridges are loaded by fully pressurized air from a feeding canister through a loading tube into a blast hole drilled in rock, in which a feeding tube connected to an explosive cartridge sequential feeder is used. has a double cylinder shape with an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, and one end of the inner cylinder is connected to the explosive cartridge sequential feeder via a check plate valve, and highly pressurized air is fed into the inner cylinder. The other end of the inner cylinder has a structure that allows it to open into the outer cylinder via a check plate valve, and the outer cylinder has a low-pressure air supply port. It is characterized by being equipped with a low pressurized air supply port for feeding pressurized air, and having a loading tube connected to the tip of the outer cylinder to be inserted into the blast hole.

In the above, the low pressurized air sent from the outer cylinder through the loading tube into the blast hole is first started when the device of the present invention is started, and continues to detonate until the explosive loading is completed. By being fed into the hole, in a normal blast hole, it pressurizes the explosives loaded in the hole and assists in dense loading.
In the water hole, the water accumulated at the bottom of the hole is pushed up to form a space similar to that of a normal blast hole, allowing for the close loading of explosives.

On the other hand, the highly pressurized air sent into the inner cylinder directs the explosive cartridges supplied into the inner cylinder from the explosive cartridge sequential feeder from the tip of the outer cylinder to the bottom of the blast hole through the loading tube. This method involves secretly loading extruded explosives.

In addition, the loading tube is used by being inserted into the blast hole, and is generally made of a flexible synthetic resin tube or metal tube. A cutter is attached to tear the packaging.

The explosive cartridge sequential feeder is a device that sequentially supplies explosive cartridges into the inner cylinder, and is, for example, an explosive cartridge hopper, which is attached to the base of the explosive cartridge hopper, and which is attached to the base of the explosive cartridge hopper. A rotating drum having a semicircular groove on its circumferential surface, a semicylindrical opening under the rotating drum facing the rotating drum, and connected to the inner cylinder through a check plate valve on the inner cylinder of the large feeding cylinder. It comprises a cylinder and a pneumatically actuated piston that slides within said cylinder.

Note that instead of the pressurized air that operates the piston,
Hydraulics, motors, etc. may also be used.

Other examples include a method in which a slide tamper is used in place of the rotating drum to sequentially feed explosive cartridges from an explosive cartridge hopper into the cylinder; There is a method in which explosive cartridges are sequentially fed into the cylinder by opening and closing a slide damper provided between them.

Furthermore, in the explosive loading device of the present invention, when the explosive cartridges are sequentially loaded into the blast hole, the operation of feeding low pressurized air into the outer cylinder, pressurized air from the explosive cartridge sequential feeder to the inner cylinder. The series of operations of sequentially supplying explosive cartridges by actuation and then supplying highly pressurized air to the inner cylinder is carried out by a sequential pressurized air supply circuit (so-called pressurized air sequence circuit). can be done.

In addition, counting the number of explosive cartridges sequentially fed (i.e., counting the number of loaded explosive cartridges) is performed using a pneumatic counter or a machine that performs counting in response to signals emitted by the sequential explosive cartridge feeder for each loading operation cycle. General commercially available counters such as formula counters and electric counters can be installed.

Furthermore, the counter can detect that a predetermined number of explosive cartridges have been loaded and automatically stop the operation of the pressurized air sequence circuit.

Next, the explosive loading device of the present invention will be specifically explained using an example shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory sectional view including a partially exploded view showing an example of the explosive loading device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory sectional view taken along the line I-I, and FIG. 1) is an enlarged side view of the area (within the dotted circle in FIG. 1).

In these figures, 1 is an explosive cartridge sequential feeder, 2 is a feeding tube, and 3 is a loading tube.

The inlet cylinder 2 has a double cylinder structure consisting of an outer cylinder 4 and an inner cylinder 5. The outer cylinder 4 has a low pressurized air supply port 6, and the inner cylinder 5 has a high pressure air supply port 6. Pressure air supply lower and swing type check plate valve 8
and 9 are provided.

The explosive cartridge sequential feeder 1 includes an explosive cartridge hopper 10, a rotating drum 12 having a semicircular groove 11, a semicylindrical cylinder 13, a piston 14, an air cylinder 15, a piston rod 16, a piston 14 and a piston rod 16. a connecting rod 17 that connects the connecting rod 17, a guide slit provided on the bottom surface of the cylinder 13 so that the connecting rod 17 slides together with the piston 14; a detection rod 18 that detects the position of the piston 14; and a limit pulp 19, 20.
and 21, an air cylinder 22 for the rotating tram, a ratchet gear 24 that rotates the rotating drum main shaft 23, an air cylinder rod 22a for the rotating drum that moves forward or backward according to the operation of the air cylinder 22 for the rotating drum, and an air cylinder rod for the rotating drum. A ratchet rod 25 that rotates or reverses the rotation of the rotating drum main shaft 23 by moving forward or backward of the ratchet rod 22a and transmits the rotation to the ratchet gear 24.
and a pawl 25a for stopping the ratchet gear 24 from rotating in reverse.

26 is a pneumatic counter. 27 is a pressurized air sequence circuit, a low pressurized air supply port 6, a high pressurized air supply lower, an air cylinder 15, limit valves 19, 20 and 21, an air cylinder 22 for the rotating drum, and a pneumatic counter. 26 are connected through an air pipe 28.

A cutter 29 is attached to the inner wall surface of the distal end of the loading tube 3. The cutter 29 is made up of four blades that are attached to the inner wall surface and erect inward.

10a is a casing, and 30 is a blast hole drilled into a rock 31.

Next, the effects of the above-described explosive loading device will be explained.

First, the explosive cartridge hopper 10 is filled with explosive cartridges, and when the pressurized air sequence circuit 27 is started by supplying pressurized air from outside the system, low pressurized air is supplied from the low pressurized air supply port 6. It is constantly fed into the blast hole 30 through the loading tube 3 into the outer cylinder 4.

When the blast hole 30 is a water hole, the water inside the hole is either discharged from the hole to the outside by feeding the low-pressure air, or is pushed upward from the hole bottom into a space near the hole bottom. is formed.

On the other hand, when this device is started, the cylinder 13 contains an explosive charge, and the piston 14 is located at the end of the cylinder 13 as shown in Figure 1 (when stopped, it always remains in this position). Pressurized air sequence circuit 2
7 is set).

When the pressurized air sequence circuit 27 is started, the limit valve 19 is actuated and a signal is sent to the pressurized air sequence circuit 27, thereby causing the air cylinder 15 and the rotary drum air cylinder 22 to operate simultaneously.

When pressurized air for retreat is fed into the air cylinder 15, the piston rod 16 retreats and moves to the left, and accordingly the piston 14 slides forward in the cylinder 13 to the left, releasing the explosive cartridge. When pushed, the explosive cartridge pushes open the check plate valve 8 and enters the inner cylinder 5.

At this time, the detection rod 18, which has moved together with the piston 14, contacts the limit valve 21, and the piston 14 moves forward to inform the IJ limit valve 21 that it has finished supplying the explosive cartridge into the inner cylinder 5. The valve 21 sends a signal to the pressurized air sequence circuit 27 to activate the air cylinder 1.
5 to forward operation.

Then, the air cylinder 15 moves forward, the piston rod 16 moves forward, and the piston 14 moves backward.

As a result, the detection rod 18 contacts the limit valve 20 while the piston 14 is retracting to the end of the original cylinder 13, and the limit valve 20 is connected to the pressurized air sequence circuit 2.
7, the pressurized air sequence circuit 27 is activated, and highly pressurized air is supplied from the highly pressurized air supply lower into the inner cylinder 5, and the explosive cartridge passes through the check plate valve 9 from the inner cylinder 5. The package is pushed open and the loading tube 3 is passed through the outer cylinder 4, the package is torn by the cutter 29 at the tip, and the package is tightly loaded into the blast hole 30.

During this loading operation, the piston 14 further retreats,
When the detection rod 18 reaches the end of the cylinder 13, it disengages from the limit valve 20, the supply of highly pressurized air is stopped, the detection rod 18 comes into contact with the IJ Mitpulp 19, and the limit valve 19 is connected to the air cylinder 15 as before. The rotating drum air cylinder 22 is operated.

As a result, the air cylinder rod 22a for the rotating drum
moves forward, the ratchet rod 25 is pushed to rotate the ratchet gear 24 by one tooth, and the rotating drum main shaft 23
rotates, and the explosive cartridges contained in the grooves 11 of the rotating drum 12 are transferred to the empty space created when the piston 14 retreats after the explosive cartridges previously contained in the cylinder 13 are fed into the inner cylinder 5. It falls into the cylinder 13 of.

Note that even if the rotating drum air cylinder rod 22a moves backward, the ratchet gear 24 does not rotate in the reverse direction due to the action of the pawl 25a.

By repeating the above-described series of operations, the explosive cartridges are successively loaded from the explosive cartridge hopper 10 into the blast hole 30 for close loading.

In addition, when the limit pulp 19 is activated, it simultaneously sends a signal to the pneumatic counter 26, so that the pneumatic counter 26 counts the number of loading operations of the explosive cartridge, and performs a preset loading. When the number of explosives is reached, the operation of the explosive loading device of the present invention can be automatically stopped*.

EXAMPLE Next, using the explosive loading device of the present invention shown in the figure, the degree of close loading (loading specific gravity) when a hydrous explosive cartridge was loaded into a normal hole and a water hole blasting hole, and a blasting test was conducted based on the degree of close loading (loading specific gravity). The blasting effects when carried out are shown in Table 1 (in the case of full cross-section blasting of a normal hole) and Table 2 (in the case of a water hole).

Note that the loading specific gravity is expressed by the following formula.

The outer diameter of the loading tube was 34mm, and the explosive cartridges used were cylindrical with a diameter of 25mm, a length of 190mm, and a charge of 1ooy.

Further, the pressurized air pressure is expressed in gauge pressure for both the low pressurized air pressure and the high pressurized air pressure.

As shown in Table 1, the specific gravity loaded by the explosive loading device of the present invention is 0.88 to 1.00, and in the case of a normal hole, the specific gravity loaded by the gravity loading method is generally 0.40 to 0.6.
0, loading specific gravity by input push loading method using all the loading rods is 0
．． It can be seen that there is a significant difference compared to the range of 60 to 0.80.

Furthermore, even if a conventional pressurized air loading device is used, it is difficult to easily obtain a loading specific gravity of 1 as in the case of the present invention, and
Obtaining the loading density of the present invention for the water holes as shown in the table is almost impossible with conventional methods and equipment.

As explained in detail above, if the explosive loading device of the present invention is used, it is possible to quickly and quickly
Explosives can be easily loaded, and in particular, by removing water from the water hole, the entire space is filled with explosives, allowing for close loading. It has become possible to obtain a high blasting effect on holes.

In addition, ammonium nitrate explosives no longer have the problem of dissolving in water and losing their explosive properties.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing an example of the explosive loading device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory cross-sectional view taken along line II in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 1... Explosive cartridge sequential feeder, 2... Feeding cylinder, 3...
・Loading tube, 4... Outer cylinder, 5... Inner cylinder, 6... Low pressurized air supply port, 7... High pressurized air supply port, 8, 9...
・Check plate valve, 10... Explosive cartridge hopper, 11...
Groove, 12...Rotating drum, 13...Ulinder, 14
···piston.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A device for loading explosive cartridges from a feeding tube with pressurized air into a blast hole drilled in rock through a loading tube,
The feeding cylinder connected to the explosive cartridge sequential feeder has a double cylinder shape of an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, one end of the inner cylinder is connected to the explosive cartridge sequential feeder via a check plate valve, and It has a highly pressurized air supply port for feeding highly pressurized air into the inner cylinder, and the other end of the inner cylinder has a structure that allows it to open into the outer cylinder via a check plate valve. An explosive loading device characterized in that the outer cylinder is provided with a low pressurized air supply port for feeding low pressurized air, and a loading tube is connected to the tip of the outer cylinder. 2. An explosive cartridge sequential feeder includes an explosive cartridge hopper, a rotating drum that is attached to the base of the explosive cartridge hopper and has a semicircular groove on its circumferential surface, and a rotating drum that has a surface underneath the rotating drum. a cylinder which is opened in the shape of a semi-cylindrical cylinder and connected to the inner cylinder of the large feeding cylinder through a check plate valve of the inner cylinder;
and a pneumatically actuated piston that slides within said cylinder.