JPS5919669A - High speed fluid dry polishing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable a work to be uniformly satisfactorily polished by locating the work beneath a spindle in fluid polishing by which the work mounting spindle is revolved and rotated on its own axis in a polishing tank which is filled with a medium. CONSTITUTION:Works 15, 15' are mounted in jigs 14, 14' of spindles 13, 13' at a lowered position of a polishing tank 1. The polishing tank filled with abrasives consisting of grease and grains and added to wooden system medium to be stirred and mixed therewith is lifted. When a pulley 6 is rotated at the upper limit position of the polishing tank, the spindles 13, 13' revolve and rotate on their own axes to alternate forward and backward rotation of a drive motor every predetermined time for polishing. Since the works 15, 15' are located beneath the spindles 13, 13', the medium 2 contacts the whole surface of the works with sufficient pressure to polish the works wholly uniformly and satisfactorily without needing any repolishing operation and manual repair of defectively polished surface after polishing.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a dry high-speed fluid polishing method, and more specifically to a dry high-speed fluid polishing method that can uniformly polish the entire workpiece in one polishing operation.

Conventionally, the workpiece (object to be polished) attached to the spindle
is placed in a polishing tank filled with media to which abrasive grains and oil are adhered, and the spindle is rotated in forward and reverse I/C revolutions and rotated on its axis to perform high-speed 11+I polishing in the media.
fi to move the workpiece? It is known that the i7F masurujin (Japanese Patent Publication No. 37-17645).

In this case, in the conventional device, three to four spindles are used, and the side of the workpiece that requires polishing is directed outward 9111 (toward the polishing tank) as shown in Fig. 3. ) Attachment, D m ruF After polishing the N side, the workpiece is attached to the spindle by changing the position and polishing again.For this reason, the conventional method requires less polishing operation process. Many of them had problems in terms of efficiency. Additionally, changing the posture of a workpiece is not always easy, and is often difficult to do with just a touch.
In order to increase productivity, it is necessary to attach as many workpieces as possible to the spindle, but depending on the shape of the workpieces, it is not possible to attach many of them. However, the biggest problem is that even when the workpiece is mounted, the entire workpiece is often not polished evenly even if the posture is changed, and for this reason, after polishing is completed, an experienced worker has to touch up the incompletely polished surface of the workpiece. It was necessary.

Ki-ni ψJ also notes that it was done to improve the above situation.
By positioning the workpiece below the spindle and polishing it, the entire workpiece can be polished uniformly in one polishing operation without changing the mounting position of the workpiece, and no rework is required after polishing is complete. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an efficient dry high-speed fluid polishing method that is free from friction.

In other words, the present inventors have conducted various studies to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and have found that for dry high-speed fluid polishing of a workpiece, it is important to focus on locations where the state of media scattering is large, rather than locations where the state of media scattering is large. A smaller position can provide a better polished surface, and even if you polish while scattering the media, it is better to use the pressure of the media without scattering the media too much, which will result in more uniform polishing. Is it possible to polish the workpiece with the workpiece positioned below the spindle, while keeping the media in contact with the workpiece with sufficient pressure to avoid the risk of media scattering? i7F polishing is possible, and polishing under these conditions provides a very uniform polished surface compared to conventional polishing methods.Moreover, by positioning the workpiece below the spindle, the influence of the spindle on the workpiece is reduced. It is also possible to perform Cσ polishing without Cσ polishing, and it has been found that this gives a preferable result in uniformly polishing the entire workpiece, leading to the present invention.

Hereinafter, Kinoiyu J will be explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the polishing machine of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a polishing tank, and media 2 is filled inside this tank. 3 is a cylindrical box supported by the fuselage (not shown);
A gearbox 4 is disposed within this box 3.

A cylindrical shaft body 5 is protruded from the center of the earthen wall of the gearbox 4, and a ring-shaped driving grey 6 is protruded from the top of the shaft body 5. The cylindrical shaft body 5 is rotatably supported by the holders 8 and 8 fixed to the cylindrical SF box and the pedestal 7 placed thereon, respectively. 6 is connected to a motor (not shown) via a belt 9.9, and the drive of this motor rotates the Schisoly 6, and the cylindrical TFLR body 5 and gear box 4 rotate together with it. It is supposed to be done.

The gearbox 4 has bearings 10, 10 . fixed to its upper and lower walls, respectively. Two rotating bodies 11 and 11 rotatably supported on IO' and 10', respectively
The shafts 11, 11' are arranged at the lower ends of the shafts 11, 11', which protrude through the lower wall of the gearbox 4, respectively.
3' is removably fixed. These spindles 1
3 and 13' have downwardly extending portions 14a and 13' respectively.
The jigs 14, 14', each having an inverted ramus 14b, 14'b projecting from the jigs 14, 14'a, are removably attached to the jigs 14, 14'. A workpiece (object to be polished) 1 is placed at the lower end of the R-shaped ramus 14b, 14'b.
5, 15' are removably fixed so as to be located below the spindles 13, 13', and the rotation bodies 11, 11' integrally rotate with the rotation of the gearbox 4.
The spindle 13, 13' and the works 15, 15' are shown to rotate (revolution along a fixed gear 19, which will be described later).

Further, within the cylindrical decoy body 5, a stationary phase body 16 is disposed. The protruding upper end of the fixed shaft 16 is fixed by a support 18 fixed on the ceiling plate 17 of the aircraft body, and a disc-shaped fixed gear 19 is fixed to the protruding lower end of the fixed shaft 16. There is. Note that the cylindrical 1tt
Bearings 20 and 20 are disposed at the upper and lower ends of the inner wall of the rotor 5, respectively, so that the cylindrical shaft 5 can smoothly rotate relative to the fixed shaft 16.

The fixed gear 19 includes the rotating bodies 11 and 11'.
Ring-shaped planetary gears 21゜21' each fixed to
are meshed with each other, and when the multi-rotary shaft bodies 11 and 11' rotate (revolution) due to the rotation of the gearbox 4,
The planetary gears 21 and 21' rotate along the fixed gear 19 while meshing with the fixed gear 19, thereby causing the rotating shafts 11 and ir and the spindles 13 and 13' connected thereto to rotate ( ) and therefore spindle 1
3. Workpiece 15 that was damaged in 13'
] 5' rotates around the axis υ of the spindles 13 and 13'.

The polishing tank 1 can be moved vertically by an appropriate mechanism (not shown), and when the polishing tank 1 is at the upper limit position shown in FIG.
3, 13' and the works 15, 15' are embedded in the media 2 in the polishing tank 1,
At the lower limit position of the polishing tank l, the spindles 13, 1
3' lower part and the works 15, 15' are removed from the media 2, and the works 15, 15' are attached and detached.

Next, a method of dry high-speed fluid polishing of a workpiece using the above-mentioned polishing machine will be explained.

First, the polishing tank 1 is moved to the lower limit position, and the fabric media 2 is put into the polishing tank 1. In this case, organic media, especially wood media, such as fine powder of wood chips, small wood chips, corn, nuts, bark, etc., are excellent as media, and the amount of media input is 60 to 90% of the capacity of the polishing tank.
Approximately 0 head is suitable. Next, an abrasive in the form of paste, liquid, or powder made by mixing oil fingers and abrasive grains is applied to the media 2, and the workpiece is not attached to the jig 14°14' of the spindle 13, l3'. The polishing tank 1 is moved to the upper limit position in this state, and the motor connected to the pulley 6 is driven to rotate the pulley 6, thereby rotating the system spindles 13 and 13' (revolution and rotation).
let This causes media 2 to flow, and media 2
and the abrasive are uniformly mixed, and the abrasive is attached to the surface of the media 2. In this case, the amount of abrasive to be added is approximately 40 to 100 kr per kr of media at the beginning of the operation, and then 0.2 to 1 kr of media for each polishing operation.
The mixing time of the media and the abrasive is preferably 3 to 5 minutes.

Next, after stopping the driving of the motor and moving the polishing tank l to the lowering limit position, the jig 14 of the spindles 13 and 13'
, attach workpiece 15.15' to 14', and polish tank 1.
Move to the upper limit position again (state shown in Figure 1)
. When the motor is driven in this state and the pulley 6 is rotated, the cylindrical shaft body 5 and the gearbox 4 rotate together with this rotation. l 1', spindle 13
, 13' and the works 15, 15' rotate (revolution) around the central axis of the gearbox 4 (line 611 of the fixed shaft 16), and along with this rotation (revolution), the rotation 11
111t body 11, planetary gear 2 attached to 11'
1 and 21' rotate along the fixed gear 19 while meshing with it, so that the rotating bodies 11 and 11' and the spindles 13 and 13' rotate, and the spindles 13 and 13 rotate.
A workpiece 15 , 15 ′ attached to the spindle 13 , 13 ′ rotates around the axis 9 of its spindle 13 , 13 ′. Further, the driving of the motor is switched between forward and reverse directions at predetermined time intervals, thereby switching the above-mentioned rotation between forward and reverse directions at predetermined time intervals.

Therefore, the works 15 and 15' are connected to the central axis of the gearbox 4 (the axis of the fixed shaft body 16) and the spindle 13,
The periphery of the axis of 13' is rotated forward and backward, and during these rotations, the rotation brings the media into contact with the fluidly agitated media in a mixed state, and the ω of the media surface [by the action on the shore side] The surface is polished.

After completing the acid PP, stop driving the motor, move the polishing tank 1 to the downward position, and remove the polished workpiece.
After adding new abrasive to the media, repeat the above steps.

In the above-mentioned Q[setting method, the present invention has the workpieces 15 and 15' positioned below the spindles 13 and 13', so that the media 2 is placed over the entire surface of the workpieces 15 and 15'. If the workpieces 15 and 15' are brought into contact with sufficient pressure and the workpieces 15 and 15' are polished uniformly and well as a whole, the entire surface of the workpieces 15 and 15' will be polished to a co-polished finish Wj in - times of polishing operations.

For this reason, there is no need to change the position of the workpieces 15 and 15' and perform the polishing operation again after completing one polishing operation as in the past, and the polished surface can be completely reworked after polishing. It's not necessary.

In this regard, the effects of the present invention will be explained in more detail using the following Examples and Comparative Examples.

[Example, comparative example]

The test work h shown in Fig. 2 was made of iron and had a rectangular parallelepiped shape with dimensions 50 x 50 x 120, and had a through screw hole g of about 8M in the center between the ef faces.
Each surface a to f was polished to an average roughness of 2.62μ using Endless Peltona 240AA. This was polished by the following method and the degree of finishing of each surface a to f was evaluated.

Embodiment As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3H, 43 inverted-shaped ramus bones are attached to the sides of a cylindrical jig attached to the lower end of the spindle i with screws j, each approximately equally spaced. The test workpieces h are fixed at intervals of intervals, and the test workpieces h are attached to the lower ends of these ramus bones t.
The test workpiece h was attached so that the surface was on the bottom and the surface b was on the outside (the surface facing the polishing tank) (the test work h was located below the spindle i). In addition, the installation of the test work h is as follows:
0 side, insert the bolt m into the through hole g, and insert the tip of the bolt m into the ramus bone tKd11. It was done by combining (
(See Figure 2).

Next, ω as shown in FIG. 1 with three spindles
Fluid polishing was carried out using a F grinding machine, with three test workpieces attached to each spindle as described above, thus a total of nine test workpieces. .

The polishing tank was 80t, the amount of media was 601p, and the abrasive was a mixture of oil and abrasive grains of 2.5kp.
Using. Also, the rotation speed of the spindle is 150 r, p,
The gear ratio between the fixed gear and the planetary gear was 1:1, and the polishing time was 18 minutes with 4 minutes of forward rotation and 4 minutes of reverse rotation.

Comparative Example As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4H, three ramus bones t' extending horizontally on the sides of a cylindrical jig attached to the lower part of spindle i with screws j are approximately equally spaced. The test workpieces h were fixed at intervals apart from each other, and the test workpieces h were placed on the tips of these ramus t' so that the e side was the outer side (the surface facing the polishing tank) Ic, and the a side was the upper side, and as shown in Fig. 4A. The spindle i was installed with an inclination of 300 degrees to the right with respect to line III (test workpiece h
is located on the side of spindle i. ).

Next, with test workpieces attached to the three spindles in the above-described postures, fluid polishing was performed in the same manner as in the previous example. However, the polishing time was 4 minutes in total: 2 forward rotations and 2 reverse rotations.

Next, as shown in Fig. 4C, the test workpiece was mounted at an angle of 30° to the left with respect to the axis of spindle i. Similarly, fluid polishing was performed for a total of 4 minutes, 2 minutes in forward rotation and 2 minutes in reverse (therefore, the total polishing time was 8 minutes).

The results of visual observation of the polished surface obtained by the above fluid polishing and surface roughness measurement using a surface roughness meter (MODEL-3E3C) manufactured by Koita Research Institute are shown below.

As a result of visual observation + visual observation of the degree of removal of grinding marks on the 240 belt,
In the comparison example, the removal degree was poor overall on the e side, followed by the a
The , b, and a planes were removed at a roughly equivalent level, and the a, c, and f planes were removed at a relatively good level.

On the other hand, in the example, the e plane is the best, and the ar b
+ C+ d Hf mj was also well polished.

In addition, the roughness was measured at three places on each side before and after polishing, and the roughness before polishing shows the average roughness of the entire 18 test workpieces, and the roughness after polishing is the average value of three places on each side of the nine test workpieces. show.

From the above results, it is confirmed that the polished finish of the surface that does not allow the media to scatter is good.

That is, the surfaces of Comparative Examples a and C1e are surfaces that relatively scatter the media, but the degree of polishing of these surfaces that scatter the media may be inferior to other surfaces that do not scatter the media. Is recognized.

In addition, the f+e+') plane of the example is the a and a plane of the comparative example, respectively.
This corresponds to surfaces c and e, but the results of the examples show that surfaces a to f, including these surfaces, are polished almost uniformly. According to the results of the study by J. Nagisa et al., the f, e, and concave surfaces of these examples hardly scatter the media by placing the workpiece below the spindle and at the bottom of the polishing tank. The entire surface including the surface is polished by the heavy pressure of the media, and by placing the workpiece below the spindle in this way, the workpiece is not in a state where the media is disturbed, but under pressure from the media with little media flow. It has been discovered that when a workpiece is polished, the entire surface of the workpiece can be finished uniformly and satisfactorily with a single polishing operation.

Furthermore, from the above results, it is recognized that there is no inconvenience such as the spindle casting a shadow on the workpiece, and that the workpiece can be well polished without being affected by the spindle.

Furthermore, in the conventional method (comparative example), the workpiece is fixed to a jig, the polishing tank is raised, the spindle is rotated to dynamically polish the BL, and then the polishing tank is lowered and the workpiece is It requires a number of steps, such as changing the polishing tank, then raising the polishing tank, rotating the spindle, and performing fluid polishing again, and the total polishing time is also long. Isn't it? Although it is necessary to correct the inferior aspects of 1l IT polishing successor 9, by positioning it below the workpiece spindle, the u1 polishing operation can be temporarily stopped during polishing, and the posture of the workpiece can be changed. Since polishing can be performed without polishing, the number of steps is reduced, and l
The 17F polishing time is also shortened, and each surface is polished uniformly and well.

Please note that Mr. B is not limited to the above,
As long as the workpiece is positioned below the spindle, it is possible to install the workpiece in any manner, for example, the workpiece mounting manner shown in FIG. 5 can be adopted. This shows the same effect as in the case.

The method of the present invention can be used for polishing workpieces for which this type of fluid polishing has been conventionally applied, as well as for polishing club heads, water wash fittings, automobile parts, mechanical parts, electrical parts, and items with relatively large shapes. It can be suitably applied to stainless steel utensils (milf carafe 0, pots, etc.).

Note that the polishing machine used in the present invention is not limited to the one shown in the drawings. For example, as a research IP tank (ll
A side section whose center part bulges outward from the upper and lower sides of the section 1 may have a substantially arcuate surface shape, and the contact pressure of the media 2 against the workpieces 15 and 15' can be used. It is possible to perform good polishing by increasing the

Furthermore, as a grinding machine, as shown by the dashed line in FIG. The contact pressure of the media 2 against the works 15 and 15' can be further increased. In this case, the inclined part 2
3 allows the scattered media to fall easily by itself, but the shape of the cover unit 24 is not limited to this and can be changed in various ways. It is sufficient as long as it can suppress the increase.

Furthermore, the cover unit 24 may be provided on the upper part of the inner circumferential wall of the WfN tank, but when moving the Senma tank up and down, the workpiece attached to the spindle may be attached to the cover unit 24.
It should be avoided that the loading and unloading of workpieces is obstructed by this. Note that the width of the cover unit 24 (the protruding length of the horizontal part) is not necessarily i1i! Although not limited to I, damaged media, polishing debris, etc. are scattered by air introduced from an air blowing pipe (not shown) installed at the bottom of the polishing tank 1, and the upper wall of the cylindrical box 3 is It is preferable that a clearance be formed to ensure air circulation when discharging the dust from a dust collecting pipe (not shown) disposed in the dust collecting pipe (not shown).

Further, in the above-mentioned polishing machine, the gear ratio between the fixed gear 19 and the planetary gears 21, 21' is not necessarily limited, but can be varied in the range of usually 10:1 to 1:3, and especially relatively deep. For a workpiece that has a concave surface, for example, a concave surface of 10 to 40 m, it is preferable to increase the number of gears of the planetary gear than the number of fixed gears, and to slow down the rotation speed as well as the rotation speed. This allows the entire surface including the concave surface to be polished uniformly. In this case, the gear ratio between the fixed gear and the planetary gear is l: 1.2 to l: 3, especially 1 =
1.5-1:2.5 is optimal. Note that the planetary gears, the number of spindles, the shape of the cylindrical box, etc. are not limited to the above embodiments, and may be modified in various ways.

Furthermore, in the above-mentioned polishing method, an abrasive agent made of a mixture of oil and abrasive grains is added to the fabric media, premixed to coat the surface of the media with the abrasive agent, and then the polishing operation is performed. This simplifies the operation and can drastically reduce running costs, but of course it is also possible to use media coated with oil and abrasive grains in advance as in the conventional method.

Note that it is also possible to use a media coated with oil and abrasive grains in advance as the media to be introduced first, and then to introduce the abrasive agent. In addition, animal and plant mineral oils, various fatty acids, waxes, metal soaps, etc. are used as the oils and fats that make up the abrasive, and alumina, sandstone, iron oxide, chromium oxide, etc. are used as the abrasive grains.
Alundum, WA, calcium carbonate, etc. can be used 1.
In this case, it is preferable that Aburonashi and (a'#l) have a mat ratio of t3o nearo to 70:30.

Furthermore, other configurations of the present invention can be variously modified without departing from the gist of the present invention.

As described in detail above, the present invention provides a method for attaching a planetary gear that meshes with a fixed gear to this fixed gear. Dry high-speed fluid polishing in which the spindle connected to the planetary gear is revolved and rotated on its own axis, and the workpiece attached to the spindle is rotated and fluidized with media filled in a polishing tank. In this method, by positioning the workpiece under the spindle and performing polishing, the workpiece can be flowed uniformly and well in one polishing operation, and the workpiece can be quickly flowed.
Very efficient polishing can be achieved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of a polishing machine used in carrying out the method of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a workpiece used in an experiment to determine the quality of polishing by the method of the present invention and the conventional method. Figure 3 illustrates an example of how the workpiece is mounted using the method of the present invention for a deaf person. The installation of the workpiece is explained as follows: A is 0III surface view, B is IVB-IV
IIK is a cross-sectional view, C is a side view after changing the posture, No. 5
The figure is a perspective view showing another example of the aspect of mounting a workpiece according to the method of the present invention. 1... Polishing tank, 2... Media, 13 + 13'
+ 1... Spindle, 15.15', h... Work, 19... Fixed gear, 21.21'... Planetary gear. Applicant: Uemura Kogyo Co., Ltd. (and 1 other person) Attorney: Takashi Shima Figure 1 Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] Fixed gears (1, 9) C-meshing planetary gears (21, 21'
) is caused to revolve and rotate along the fixed gear (19), thereby causing the spindle (13, 13') connected to the planetary gear (21, 21') to revolve and rotate, and the spindle (13, The workpiece (15, 15') attached to the polishing tank (13') is rotated and
) A dry high-speed fluid polishing method in which fluid polishing is carried out using the media (2) filled in the workpiece (15, 15') is characterized by placing the workpiece (15, 15') under the spindle (13113') and performing the polishing. Dry high speed fluid polishing method.