JPS59195946A - Three-dimensional truss unit - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention is directed to the invention,
') + "C top chord material, round steel or other steel rod as lattice material, chevron part] or T-shaped steel or steel pipe, etc.
For medium and small spans with lower chord or sub-frame) 1"・
As a first conventional example of a three-dimensional truss unit for a three-dimensional truss, as shown in FIGS. i-single lattice 1
2 and 7] Holt i4Vc via a gusset plate 16 which has been bent at approximately 45 degrees with a force of 1".
Structures that are assembled in a more connected manner are known.

However, in the case of a space truss with this structure, although it has some merits as a space truss for large scale spans, it has the following advantages as a space truss for small to medium scale spans or sub-frame small scale spans. There was a problem.

tl) In the case of small to medium scale, when using the upper and lower chord members of a two-piece angle iron set, even if all angle irons of the smallest commercially available size are used, the cross-sectional performance will be excessive and the cost will be high.

(2) Since the upper chord, lower chord, and lattice members are bolted together using gusset plates, generally speaking, the smaller the size, the more significant the decrease in K (i) operation rate due to bolt hole defects. Total type W of the material and lattice: l/(: The ratio of the weight of the gusset plate to the weight of the gusset plate is very large, and the gusset plate looks large visually, which is not desirable in terms of appearance.

(3) It is difficult to confirm the degree of precision of the bending process of the gusset plate. (4) In the case of small to medium scale, in the lattice phase made of angle iron, even if the smallest commercially sized angle iron is used, Excessive performance leads to high costs.

(5i Generally, angle iron is more expensive than steel rods such as round steel, and requires more painting area.

(6) The machining tolerances of the lattice and gusset plate appear as they are during truss assembly and are difficult to absorb.

(7) Since there is eccentricity between the truss web surface 7A of the lattice and the string core 15 of the chord material, the angle α between the adjacent truss web surfaces 78 is likely to change, and tiered floors are likely to occur.

(8) Because the width of the upper and lower chord members is wide and tiered floors are likely to occur, stacking of three-dimensional truss units is limited to one stack. Therefore, after manufacturing three-dimensional truss units at a factory,
If the construction method of transporting the deck to the site is adopted, a considerable amount of curing work will be required, such as installing members to prevent the deck from collapsing.

(9) Roof insulation material 16. When attaching a plate-shaped body such as the roofing material 17 to the upper chord material 10, it is necessary to frequently use bent hook bolts 18.

Therefore, a second conventional example shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 has also been implemented. The second conventional example will be explained below.

In the case of this conventional example, as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, they are arranged as the upper chord 10 and the lower chord 11, and the wave crest and wave bottom of the hexagonal wave-shaped round steel lattice 22 are connected to the fillet plate of the waxing moon 10 and the fillet plate of the lower chord 11 by bath welding. Then, the unit truss 26 was constructed by transporting the unit truss 26 to the construction site, and as shown in FIG. They were connected to each other and assembled in small pieces on the ground, and then hoisted to a predetermined height using a truss and fixed in place.

However, in the case of this second conventional example, since the truss web structural surface and the fissins, '1, and plates of the upper and lower chord members are perpendicular to each other, the forming tolerance of the lattice quality is equal to the forming error of the truss height. As a result, it was extremely difficult to assemble the trusses accurately.

Furthermore, as shown in Figure 7, two chord members are overlapped and joined together, and since there is still some eccentricity between the truss web structure of the lattice and the center of the upper and lower chords, the adjacent truss The included angle α of the web structure 7A tends to change, and therefore, even after subassembling the laths, there was a problem that the form could not be determined unless supporting materials such as latches were temporarily attached. ``Also, after hoisting the truss to a predetermined height and fixing it, it can be used as a means of fixing roof insulation materials and roofing materials to the truss.'' If a method is adopted in which the hardware is joined to the upper chord material by welding, the string The bent hook bolt 18 tends to be distorted due to residual stress during cold forming, and as shown in FIG. -1v”
There were some difficulties, such as having to cut it into pieces.

In other words, problems (2), (3), (
4) , (51 has been improved, but other problems (1)
, (ci) , (7) , , ts+, (9) is not jI! + (Remains an unresolved issue that is either decisive or even more disadvantageous.)

The object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the first conventional example and the second conventional example, and to provide a three-dimensional truss unit that has new usefulness.

Next, the present invention will be explained in detail using illustrated examples.

9 to 20 show a three-dimensional truss unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention, which consists of a web 1 and a flange 2 integrally connected to the upper part of the web 1. A plurality of intermediate second chord members 6A and end first chord sides 6B of the section steel are arranged in parallel, that is, in parallel, at approximately equal intervals, and the flanges 2 at each top chord 4d'3A, 3BK
is arranged so as to be located on the upper chord plane of the truss, and the flange 2 of the end upper chord +a6B is arranged in a V shape so as to protrude from the web toward the adjacent intermediate upper chord member 6A, and the web 4 and its lower part are A plurality of one-string members 6 made of angle iron, that is, two-sided steel, made of flanges 5 that are integrally arranged in a continuous manner are arranged so that the first chords 1rA6A, 3B meet each other.
They are arranged in parallel below the center between them.

Hexagonal or trapezoidal corrugated steel is formed on any plane Z of the folded surface shape that alternately connects the upper chord members 3A, 3B and the lower chord member 6 in a zigzag shape, taking into account the bending process of a steel bar made of round steel. Bar lattices 8 are arranged, each lattice 8 being connected to the web 1
v 4 VC5"4 is inclined at an angle of about 45°, and the wave crest 8 A in the lattice 8 is ascending chord '3 A,
3B is directly connected to the web 1 by welding without using a gusset plate or the like at a position away from the flange 2 of the lattice 8, and the wave bottom 8B of the lattice 8 is connected to the web 4 at a position tV away from the flange 5 of the lower chord member 6. They are directly connected by welding without using a gusset plate or the like.

A through-hole 25 for bolt insertion is provided at the end of the web 1 of each of the upper chord members 3A and 3B, and a through-hole 26 for bolt insertion is provided at the end of the flange 5 of the lower chord member B.

The wave crest 5Ai- and the wave bottom 8B in the lattice 8 are located at positions #Ii away from the flanges 2 of the upper chord members 3A and '3B and the flange 5 of the lower chord member 6, and the web 1 of the upper chord member and the web of the lower chord member. 4 by direct welding, forming tolerances in lattice height can be easily accommodated by moving the lattice aiming center to the upper point 27 or the lower point 28.

When manufacturing the three-dimensional truss unit of the above embodiment, each of the upper chord members 3A, 3B and the lower chord member 6 are, for example, L
- Use a single angle steel material of about 50x4, and the top chord material is 0.
．． The steel rods are arranged at approximately equal intervals of about 6 to 1 m, and round steel rods having a diameter of about 9111111 mm are used as the steel rods forming the lattice. In addition, due to restrictions on road transportation and temporary stacking, the length of the three-dimensional truss unit is set within approximately 2.5 m.

When carrying out this invention, it is possible to use cut T-beams as the material for the top and bottom lattices, or to use hollow-section steel bars as the material 3' for the neck lattice. Furthermore, even if 10,000 of the wave crests and wave troughs in a hexagonal or trapezoidal wave lattice are in contact with the flanges of the strings, the above-mentioned aiming center can be It is only necessary to move to the upper point 27 or the lower point 28.

Alternatively, a round steel pipe 6' may be used as the lower chord member as in the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 21 to 26.

Furthermore, a square steel pipe 6'' may be used as the lower chord member as in the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 24 to 26.

These second. In the case of the third embodiment, the upper chord member 3A.

3B only, set the above-mentioned aiming center to the upper point 27 or lower point 28
There is no change in the fact that the molding tolerance of the lattice height can be absorbed by moving the lattice height. Moreover, the waning moon 6', 6/
T the end of I! Bolt hole 26' of shaped gusset plate
, 26'', it can be easily connected to a girder or the like.

Figures 27 to 63 show an example of a three-dimensional truss structure building using the three-dimensional truss unit configured as described above, in which raw chestnuts IV#29 are arranged in parallel.
A large number of three-dimensional truss units extend in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the beams 60 and columns 61 between the beams 60 that meet each other and between the columns 61 that meet each other.
30
The parts 1 and 1' are placed on support entertainment rollers fixed to the beam 60 and the pillar roller 1 and fixed with bolts 64, and are further attached to the upper chord rollers A and 3B in each three-dimensional truss unit 62.
Both ends of the bracket 5 are fixed to the beam 6o and the column 61.
The ends of the upper chord members 6B of the adjacent three-dimensional truss unit filters 2 are connected to each other by means of the Bordeaux single bath joints as required.

) on the C root side solid [・first chord 11 in the lath unit
) Top chord 81 in J and wall-side space truss unit
'f4 Koifun' are each made of wood wool cement board, 4 AIQ month 11 heat prayer Ag' 16 and hJ↑ heat material 67 for walls are placed 6'', and 1 place for roof is heat control 6. On the top surface, a corrugated metal plate (17) is placed.Furthermore, the outer surface of the wall insulation filter 7 is placed.
C is in contact with the outer wall material filter 8, and also the IJJF heat material 16 for the roof. 100 67° outside A for roofing materials 17 and walls
1r 68 (b, each penetrated by them) 2nd string j
”(,'This engaged part 1 (shift bolt 69'!l:
It is fastened and fixed by the waist bending hook holder 18.

FIG. 64 shows another example of a three-dimensional truss structure building using the three-dimensional truss unit 32, in which a roofing material 40 of tile stick roofing is installed on the upper surface of the roof insulation material 16, and a wall In the section, a three-dimensional truss unit is not used, but a shield panel 41 such as a concrete wall panel or a heat insulating wall panel consisting of a heat insulating layer of synthetic resin foam and metal plates integrally laminated on both sides thereof is used. However, the other configurations are the same as those of the buildings shown in FIGS. 27 to 66.

FIGS. 65 and 66 show a case in which the whole three-dimensional truss unit of the present invention is used as a three-dimensional truss 32', 32'' for a sub-frame within one structure of the raw chestnut+4+) 29.

When a vertical load is applied to the roof surface of the above-mentioned configuration, (1) the sub-soil chord stress is assumed to be the planar truss of the configuration,
Furthermore, the lattice stress can be calculated by adding 8 pressures to the cosine of the solid angle.
It has a technical configuration that can be easily analyzed. (2) Since the upper chord members and the lower chord members are connected vertically through the girder, the continuous beam effect in the home row direction can be smaller than this (14 pieces). (3) The girder out-of-plane deformation,
Since it is restrained by the upper and lower chord members, the allowable If of the girder itself
&thTechnology that can take advantage of responsiveness and response stress 1
When a horizontal load is applied to the roof surface with the above-mentioned construction, (1) each three-dimensional truss unit is connected vertically with 14 girders, , 1 It is horizontally joined to each other (the light front unit l-E is horizontally connected to h' (partial unit or eaves connecting beam), and the entire surface is horizontal as a plate). Transmit power 4-
j-Zr (7J), a technique that does not require a place (
f.) is completed. (2) The stress on the upper and lower sides and the lattice is determined by considering the solid angle cosine of the stress within the plate.)
'M' analysis technique 1-f'7 configuration.

Since this invention is made with VC1%'+4 as mentioned above, In addition to completely eliminating the above-mentioned drawbacks 2) to (5) in the first conventional VC example as in the case of J in the conventional example, the following effects are also achieved: 1. Ru.

(1) Top chord filter A, Yamagata 6'ji as 313
If a single material such as ox or cut T-shaped steel is used, the lower chord material 6
．． Since 6' and 6η are made of a single material such as angle iron, cut T-shaped steel, or steel pipe, there is no need for binding materials or gusset plates, and the weight is light and the shape is simple, so it can be manufactured at low cost.

(2) The crest γfB of the hexagonal or trapezoidal corrugated steel bar lattice 8 is connected to the web 1 of the upper chord members 3A, 3B, and the wave bottom is connected to the lower chord members 6.6', 6η by direct bath contact. Therefore, the contact position of at least one of the wave crest and the wave bottom, for example, the top chord with the web, is at the web IJ.
direction, so that manufacturing tolerances in lattice height can be accommodated.

(3) 1Thii: The intersection lines of the intersecting lattice surfaces are the upper chords 3A, 3B and the lower chords 6, 6', 6"
Since it is housed within the :ai plane of the angular shape (J or C), T-shape, 1st class double-sided steel or ■+fil pipe, etc., the drawback (7) in the first conventional example can be eliminated. can do.

(7)) Membrane flow! 7 is not required, and the width of the upper and lower chord members can be narrowed, so the three-dimensional truss uni-soto can be stacked, temporarily stored and transported, and curing work can be reduced.

(5! Roofing materials, wall materials, etc. can be attached to a three-dimensional truss unit using straight hook bolts, bent hook bolts, and various other attachments.

(6) The main components of a three-dimensional truss unit are generally chevrons and steel rods, which are relatively inexpensive as hot-rolled materials, come in a variety of sizes, and have a wide range of combinations to choose from.

(7) The above-mentioned three-dimensional truss - By arranging knits in parallel and connecting them to each other, a roof truss can be easily constructed, and the construction period for a large three-dimensional truss structure can be greatly shortened.

(8)) The base frame (1") becomes one large version as a whole, and connecting beams, sub beams, small beams, places, etc. can be omitted, and the area ratio of the upper and lower flanges of the main beam is 11 [(length) It is possible to improve the allowable zero bending force degree and allowable compressive stress degree of the girder by reducing the gap between the chord members, and for this purpose, the cross-sectional size of the main frame can be reduced.

(9) The local external force of a horizontal impact car of a crane, etc. can be dispersed and alleviated as in-plane stress of the roof frame to adjacent main frames, and therefore the cross-sectional size of the main frame can be reduced.

(10) Since it has each of the above-mentioned merits, the construction period is 2.
It is possible to construct a complete space truss for small and medium-sized buildings or sub-frames, which is advantageous in terms of quality and cost.

(11) When angle iron is used as the upper chord members 3A and 3B, a part of the inner corner of the free end of each plate of the angle iron is not angular, so attach roofing materials, wall materials, etc. to the three-dimensional truss unit. When a hook bolt that is engaged with the second chord member is used as a fixture for the hook bolt 1, it is possible to prevent the hook bolt 1 from breaking prematurely.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 show the first conventional example.
FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view showing a part of the three-dimensional truss and the attachment part of the roof insulation material and roofing material to the three-dimensional truss;
FIG. 2 is a 11-hundred-degree view of one location along line A'-A in FIG. 6th
8 to 8 show a second conventional example, and a sixth conventional example.
The figure is a perspective view of the cold-open formed angle iron that constitutes the upper and lower chord members, Figure 4 is a side view of the unit truss, Figure 5 is its vertical front view, and Figure 6 is a three-dimensional truss using the unit truss. Figure 7 is a longitudinal front view of a part of the space truss, and Figure 8 is a longitudinal front view of the side joint of the space truss. It is a vertical front view showing S15. Figures 9 to 17 show an embodiment of the present invention, with Figure 9 being a partially cutaway plan view of the three-dimensional truss unit, Figure 1o being an enlarged longitudinal sectional front view thereof, and Figure 11 The figure is a partially cutaway side view of the three-dimensional truss unit, and FIG.
Figure 6 is an enlarged plan view of the end of the three-dimensional truss unit, Figure 14 is a side view showing the joint between the string truss and the hexagonal wavy lattice, and Figure 15 is the B-B of Figure 14. Line sectional view, 16th
The figure is a linear plan view showing the joint between the quarter moon and the trapezoidal wavy lattice.
Figure 17 is a view of the C-C line 'v:ji' in Figure 16, and the 18th
The figure is a front view showing the deviation state of the lattice from the target center position due to the forming tolerance of the lattice height. FIG. 19 is a front view showing a stacked state of 62 three-dimensional truss units according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
It is an enlarged front view of a part of a figure. 21 to 23 show the second embodiment, and FIGS. 24 to 26 show the sixth embodiment. Figures 27 to 64 show an example of a three-dimensional truss structure building using the three-dimensional truss unit l- of the above embodiment. Fig. 28 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing an example of the folded state of the ridge; @29 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing another example of the folded ridge; Fig. 61 is a vertical sectional front view showing the intermediate part of the three-dimensional truss unit, and a vertical cross-sectional view showing several parts of the roof roofing system and the first analysis heat system for the roof for the middle part of the three-dimensional truss unit. Fig. 66 is a vertical cross-sectional front view showing several parts of the roof insulation material and roofing material for the joint part of the space truss unit, and Fig. 66 is a cutaway view showing the joint part between the space truss unit and the beam. 35 and 66, longitudinal sectional front views showing other examples of the structure, show the three-dimensional truss unit of the above embodiment used as a three-dimensional truss for sub-frame 1!Iff in one structural plane of the main frame. It is a perspective view. In the figure, 1 is a web, 2 is a flange, 3A and 6
B is a double series 6: AJ top chord, 4 is a web, 5 is a flange, 6 is a two-sided steel bottom chord, 6' is a round steel tube, 6'' is a square steel tube, 7 is an l/las web structure , 8 is a lattice made of clay and 1 stick, 16 is a roof insulation material, 17 is a roof difference + a, is
25 and 26 are bolt insertion holes, 29 is the main frame, 30 is a strip, 61 is a column, 2 is a three-dimensional truss unit, 33 is a support metal fitting, 64 is a bolt, and 65 is a receiving metal fitting. , 66 is POL), 37i-]: wall heat insulating material, 68 is external wall material.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Top chord members made of two-sided steel such as angle steel or cut T-beams, consisting of a web 1 and a flange 2 integrally provided on the second part thereof, are arranged in parallel at approximately equal intervals lKl'1'8. The steel lower string blades 6 are arranged in parallel so as to be located at the center lower blade between the adjacent upper strings 42. A hexagonal wave-like or trapezoidal wave-like jflfj (Fr8 lattice 8 is arranged on the folded surface 7- that alternately connects the upper chord members and the lower chord members,
The solid body 1 to lattice unit is characterized in that the wave crest -rfli≦ of the lattice 8 is connected to the upper chord web 1, and the wave bottom is connected to the lower chord member from the bottom. (2) An angle-shaped body 1 consisting of a web 1 and a flange 2 integrally provided on its second part, or a diagonal body made of cut T-beam steel, etc.: made of crescent moons made of l-], parallel to each other with approximately equal intervals of 1i-i1 The upper chord material at the end of arrangement No. 1, j11'l is made of Yamagata Ji□d, and the flange 2 of the second string material is arranged so as to face the other adjacent second string material, and the lower chord material made of Ya1 is 6 are arranged in parallel so that the VC is located below the center between the upper chords of each other. A hexagonally or trapezoidally corrugated steel bar lattice 8 is arranged on the four sides 7, and the crests of the waves of the lattice 8 are in the shape of the first chord. A three-dimensional truss unit characterized in that a web 1 of a material is connected at the bottom of the wave to a lower chord member by welding.