JPS5853270B2 - Dryer - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement of a dryer that dries grain by circulating a storage chamber, a drying section, and a grain lifting machine.

In general, this type of dryer has the disadvantage that if the drying speed, which is the rate at which the moisture content of the dried grain is lost per hour, is too fast, the grain is likely to crack, and if it is too slow, it takes too much time. There is.

This drying speed is influenced by the amount of grain packed and the outside temperature.

That is, when the loading amount is small, the number of times the circulating grain passes through the drying section per hour increases, resulting in a faster drying speed, whereas when the loading amount is large, the drying speed becomes slow.

Furthermore, when the outside air temperature is low, there is a large difference between the temperature of the hot air used to dry the grains and the outside air temperature, and the air can contain a large amount of moisture, making it easier to dry the grains and increasing the drying speed.

Conversely, when the outside temperature is high, the drying speed slows down.

Therefore, even if the hot air temperature is set so that the drying speed is as fast as possible without causing shell cracking at a certain grain filling amount and a certain outside air temperature, if the grain filling amount and outside air temperature change, the above drawbacks will occur. becomes.

This invention was devised in view of the above-mentioned problems. Regardless of the amount of grain loaded, regardless of the high or low outside temperature, the grain can be heated at a hot air temperature that does not cause cracking of the grain in as little time as possible. To provide a dryer capable of drying.

In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a dryer that circulates a storage chamber 1, a drying section 5, and a grain lifting machine 15 to dry grains with hot air. A setting device 51 for setting the hot air temperature is provided, and a control device 52 is provided for controlling the hot air temperature for drying the grains to match the reference hot air temperature set by the setting device 51.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a storage chamber, the lower part of which forms a hopper part 3 with inclined sides.

5 is a drying section communicating with the lower part of the hopper part 3; 7 is a rotary valve rotatably provided at the discharge port 9 at the lower part of the drying section 5;
By discharging an appropriate amount of grains from the drying section 5, by discharging an appropriate amount of grains from the drying section 5, by discharging an appropriate amount of grains from the drying section 5, This allows the grains to gradually flow down at a moderate speed.

Reference numeral 11 denotes an inclined plate provided below the rotary valve 7, which receives the grains falling from the rotary valve 7 and collects them in the conveying spiral 13.

15 is a grain lifting machine whose lower part communicates with the conveying spiral 13; 17 is a conveying spiral which communicates with the upper part of the grain lifting machine 15; and 19 is the conveying spiral 1.
A scattering plate rotatably provided at the end of the conveying spiral 17 scatters the grains falling from the end of the conveying spiral 17 by centrifugal force and scatters them into the storage chamber 1.

21 is a communication hole provided on the 1 side of the drying section 5, and 23 is a communication hole provided on the 1 side of the drying section 5.
25 is a furnace, 27 is a hot air passage, 29 is an exhaust passage, and 31 is a suction fan.

In the above configuration, to explain the effect of drying grains, grains are introduced into the lower part of the grain lifting machine 15 from the loading hopper (not shown), are raised by the grain lifting machine 15, and are sent from the conveying spiral 17 to the scattering board. 19, and is scattered by the centrifugal force of the rotating scattering plate 19, and is distributed and stored in the storage chamber 1.

The hot air generated by the furnace 25 enters the drying section 5 through the hot air passage 27 and the communication hole 21, passes between the grains that gradually flow down into the drying section 5, dries the grains, and then returns to the opposite side. The air is discharged from the suction fan 31 to the outside through the communication hole 23 through the exhaust passage 29.

The grains flowing down the drying section 5 are transferred to the inclined plate 11 by the rotary valve 7.
The grains are discharged upwards and sent by the conveying spiral 13 to the lower part of the grain lifting machine 15, where the drying action described above is repeated.

FIG. 3 shows the system of the control mechanism for controlling the dryer.

That is, 41 is a moisture sensor provided at an appropriate position inside the storage chamber 1, 43 is an arithmetic circuit that sets the drying rate based on the moisture content detected by the moisture sensor 41, and 45 is a filling amount channel that sets the filling amount. (A loading amount sensor that detects the loading amount may be used), 47 is an outside air temperature sensor installed outside the dryer, and 49 is a grain type channel, which is a standard hot air temperature that will be described later depending on the grain type and type. This is to correct.

Reference numeral 51 denotes a setting device for setting a reference hot air temperature based on the amount of grain to be dried and the outside air temperature. In this embodiment, the setting device is configured to further set the reference hot air temperature based on the moisture content of the grain and the type of grain. The standard hot air temperature is set by commands from the arithmetic circuit 43, the charging amount channel 45, the outside air temperature sensor 47, and the grain type channel 49.

Specifically, if the hot air temperature is 0.7°C, which is set by setting 0.5°C for grain-stone and 0.2°C for 1°C outside air temperature regarding the amount of filling and outside air temperature, There are experimental results that show that the initial objective can be achieved.

Therefore, the setting device 51 multiplies the filling amount (stones) set in the filling amount channel 45 by 0.5°C and the outside air temperature ('C) detected by the outside air temperature sensor 47 by 0.2°C. The reference hot air temperature is set by adding the corrected temperature according to the grain type and type set in the grain type channel 49.

Depending on the type of grain, some types of paddy are more likely to crack and others are less likely to do so, so the correction temperature should be lower for those that are more likely to be split, and depending on the type of grain, the corrected temperature should be set about 10°C higher for wheat than for paddy. It is something.

The standard hot air temperature set by the setting device 51 is determined based on the moisture content by the arithmetic circuit 43, since it is possible to prevent shell cracking by slowing down the drying speed as the grains dry and the moisture content decreases. The drying rate is configured to decrease as drying progresses according to the set drying rate command.

52 is a control device, which includes a calculation circuit 5 that calculates and sets the hot air temperature based on the reference hot air temperature set by the setting device 51;
3, and a hot air control device 55 such as an electromagnetic pump (or electromagnetic valve) that controls the supply of fuel to the burner 57. The hot air control device 55 is operated by a command from an arithmetic circuit 53 via an amplifier 59.

61 is a starting switch, 63 is a power supply circuit 65, a relay circuit that connects current to the fan motor 67, 69 is a burner ignition switch, 71 is a starting fuel pump (or valve) 73, and a relay that connects current to spark plug 75. circuit, 77 is a stop switch, 79 is a control pulse generator, 81
, 83 are cooling time counters and ignition time counters that control the cooling time and ignition time, respectively, according to the signals from the control pulse transmitter 79; 85 is a drying rate adjustment counter for adjusting the drying rate according to the circulation speed and loading amount; 87;゜89 is an amplifier, 91 is an OR gate, 93 is an AND gate, 95
is a lamp (a buzzer may also be used) to signal moisture sensor correction.
, 9T is a hot air temperature sensor.

The above-mentioned components in FIG. 3 are the same as those commonly used, so detailed explanations of the construction and operation of each component will be omitted here.

In the above configuration, the operation of the control mechanism will be described. The operation of the arithmetic circuit 43 is based on the moisture content sensed by the moisture sensor 41, the circulation speed in the drying rate adjustment counter 85, and the adjustment value of the drying rate based on the amount of filling. Calculate and set the rate.

In addition, in the setting device 51, the tensioning amount channel 45
, the outside air temperature sensor 47, the grain type channel 49, and the calculation circuit 43 to calculate the reference hot air temperature.

Next, the arithmetic circuit 53 measures and compares the hot air temperature for drying grains detected by the hot air temperature sensor 97 based on this reference hot air temperature, and controls the hot air so that it matches the reference hot air temperature set by the setting device 51. The device 55 controls the fuel supplied to the burner 57 to adjust the temperature of the hot air.

As is clear from the above explanation, the setting device sets the reference hot air temperature based on the amount of grain to be dried and the outside air temperature, and the hot air temperature for drying the grains is made to match the reference hot air temperature set by the setting device. It can be controlled by a control device as follows.

For this reason, even if the amount of filling is small and the outside temperature is low, drying can be performed at a drying speed that does not cause the drying process to become excessive, and even if the amount of filling is large and the outside temperature is high, the drying speed will not become too slow.

Therefore, drying can be carried out without raising the body side and in as little time as possible.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a side sectional explanatory view taken along the line ■-■ in the figure, and FIG. 3 is a system explanatory diagram of the control mechanism. Explanation of the symbols representing the main parts of the drawing, 1...
Storage chamber, 5... Drying section, 15... Grain frying machine, 51... Setting device, 52... Control device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A dryer that dries grain with hot air by circulating the storage chamber, drying section, and grain lifting machine is equipped with a setting device that sets a standard hot air temperature based on the amount of grain to be dried and the outside air temperature. A dryer comprising a control device that controls a hot air temperature for drying the grains to match a set reference hot air temperature.