JPS5828035B2 - Oscillating device for Uranami welding - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an oscillation device for uranami welding for performing uranami welding from one side using an automatic arc welding method.

The present invention is applicable to both consumable electrode type and non-consumable electrode type, regardless of the material of the workpiece, joint shape, welding posture, etc., but for convenience of explanation below, the consumable electrode type will be used. This will be explained by taking as an example the groove content liquid produced by arc welding.

In general, consumable electrode arc welding is used to perform first-layer uranami welding within the groove [i-, in which crescent-shaped motion welding torch oscillation is used to ensure penetration of the side walls of the groove.

However, with such oscillating motion, it is difficult to form stable Uranami waves.

Figure 1 is for explaining this.
bi- and C indicate the bead surface, longitudinal cross-section, and back surface of the bead during welding, respectively, and d in the same figure shows the cross-section of the bead obtained as a result of welding. , 2 is a molten pool, 3 is a bead on the surface side, 4 is an oscillation trajectory, 5 is a welding torch, 6 is a consumable electrode, 7 is a welding arc,
8 is the uranami bead, and 9 is the bevel.

As shown in the oscillation trajectory 4, when welding torch oscillation with crescent motion is adopted, a large portion of the molten metal in the molten pool 2 precedes the welding arc γ, and the welding arc 7 touches the bottom of the groove 9. Since heating is not performed effectively and the welding heat input is mainly transported within the molten pool 2 by heat transfer, the formation state of the Uranami bead 8 is extremely unstable.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1(d), good penetration is obtained on the side walls of the groove 9, but poor penetration is achieved at the bottom.

In response to this, the welding torch 5 is oscillated as shown by the oscillation trajectory 4 in FIG. By doing so, the bottom of the groove 9 and the tip of the molten pool 2 are effectively heated, so the convection of the weld metal becomes active, and the molten pool 2 takes on a shape that extends backward on average, creating a long convection. The mold uranami bead 8 is stably formed, and good penetration can be obtained at the side wall and bottom of the groove 9 as shown in FIG. 2(d).

In this way, the effect of the so-called inverted T-shaped welding torch oscillation, in which the welding arc 7 is projected forward of the molten pool 2 near the center of the welding line, can be achieved under conditions where it is difficult to form a back wave, for example in a vertical downward movement position. The effect is more pronounced when the joint is constructed with a root face or when a joint shape with a root face is used.

However, in order to project the welding arc 7 forward of the molten pool 2 as described above, unless the welding torch 5 is projected forward at a considerably high speed relative to the oscillation speed in the lateral direction, the molten pool 2 must be 7 easily follows 1
Therefore, the above effects cannot be obtained.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and it is possible to quickly project the welding torch forward at the center during lateral oscillation, to reliably oscillate an inverted T-shaped movement trajectory, and to achieve extremely good results. An object of the present invention is to provide an oscillation device for uranami welding which is capable of performing uranami welding.

FIG. 3 showing one embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

In this figure, the same parts as in FIGS. 1 and 2 are designated by the same reference numerals, and their explanations will be omitted.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a board, and as shown in the figure, a welding torch 5 is attached to the lower end.

This board 10 is attached to a support rod 29 by a spherical bearing 30, and is made swingable in both the horizontal and vertical directions with respect to a welded joint, that is, a bead 3 shown in the figure.

Reference numeral 11 denotes an oscillating motor, which applies rotation to the shaft 15 via gears 12 and 13.

A screw 1γ is attached to this shaft 15 in the right angle direction, and a transmission rod 2 is attached to the screw 17 so as to be able to swing only in the longitudinal direction.
4 are screwed together.

The transmission rod 24 is engaged with a tracing groove 25 provided in the base plate 10 in the vertical direction as viewed in the figure, and rotates the base plate 10 about the spherical bearing 30 in the horizontal direction with respect to the bead 3 by rotating the shaft 150. (hereinafter, these are referred to as lateral oscillation motion imparting means).

Reference numeral 19 denotes a drum-shaped cam, which has a tracing groove 20 partially protruding in the axial direction on its outer periphery.
Rotation can be applied by

The tracing groove 20 has a fulcrum 2 movable by a screw 18.
The upper end of the copying rod 21, which is attached so as to be swingable around 2, is engaged by pressing the button, and the transmission rod 26 is attached to the lower end of the copying rod 21 via the joint 23, as shown in the illustration of the copying rod 21. ing.

This transmission rod 26 is supported by a guide (not shown) or the like so as to extend toward the substrate 10, and has a tip 2 at its tip made of a material with a small coefficient of friction, such as Teflon.
7 is provided, and the chip 27 is connected to the spring 2 provided on the substrate 10.
8, it comes into contact with the back surface of the board 10,
By rotating the hourglass-shaped cam 19, the substrate 10 can be swung forward (to the right in the figure) along the bead 3 (hereinafter these will be referred to as longitudinal oscillation motion imparting means).

The shaft 15 for imparting horizontal oscillating motion and the hourglass-shaped cam 19 for imparting vertical oscillating motion are interlocked by gears 13 and 14 as described above. 1γ and the phase of the tracing groove 20 when the transmission rod 24 reaches the upper and lower dead centers due to the rotation of the shaft 15,
The copying rod 21 is synchronized to be positioned at the tip 20a of the protrusion of the copying groove 20.

However, in the above-mentioned synchronization relationship, the most preferable relationship is such that the upper and lower dead points ILJi of the transmission rod 24 are always located at the tip 20a of the protruding portion of the tracing rod 20, but this is not always the case. This does not mean only a relationship such as It also includes a synchronous relationship in which the number of times the copying rod 21 engages with the tip end 20a of the protruding portion is appropriately reduced relative to the number of times the transmission rod 24 reaches the upper and lower dead centers.

Next, the operation of this device will be explained.

When the oscillating motor 11 is operated, the gears 12, 1
3. The screw 17 rotates around the shaft 15 via the shaft 15.

Due to the rotation of the screw 17, the shaft 15 is placed on the same screw 17.
A transmission rod 2 is placed vertically with an appropriate amount of eccentricity with respect to the axis of the rod.
4 performs a circular motion.

Due to this circular movement of the transmission rod 24, the substrate 10 is transferred to the spherical bearing 3.
The torch 5 is oscillated in the horizontal direction by swinging laterally around 0.

On the other hand, a drum-shaped cam 19 is rotated in synchronization with the shaft 15 via the gear 13, the gear 14, and the shaft 16.

However, since most of the tracing groove 20 of the hourglass-shaped cam 19 is simply a groove extending in the circumferential direction, when the tracing rod 21 is engaged therebetween, the tracing rod 21 does not operate at all.

When the substrate 10 reaches the center of the lateral oscillation, the copying rod 21 reaches the protruding part of the copying groove 20 and is swung in the copying groove 20, causing the transmission rod 26 to turn as shown in the figure. Protrude to the right.

As described above, this protruding movement is performed at the center of the lateral oscillation, and when the substrate 10 passes through the center, the transmission rod 26 returns to its original position.

Therefore, the board 10 is swung in the lateral direction by the transmission rod 24 which is circularly moved by the screw 17, and the central portion thereof is also rotated.
The transmission rod 26 operated by the hourglass cam 19 swings vertically and forward about the spherical bearing 30, causing the welding torch 5 to oscillate as shown by arrow 4.

This vertical oscillation motion is achieved by the vertical oscillation of a drum-shaped cam 19, copying rod 21, transmission rod 26, etc., which are provided separately from the shaft 15, screw 17, transmission rod 24, etc., which provide the lateral oscillation motion. Since the motion is applied by means of imparting motion, it is possible to freely set the speed to a high level regardless of the above-mentioned lateral oscillation speed. It is possible to

According to this device, the welding arc 7 can be oscillated in the vertical direction at high speed by pressing the button at the center of the lateral oscillation, as shown by the curve 31 in FIG. 4a.
This figure 4 a i- and the same figure described below, c
, d are all displayed assuming that there is no welding progress).

The longitudinal oscillation speed can be concentrated in the center and made very high, as shown by curve 32 in FIG.

A curve 33 indicated by a dotted line in the figure shows the lateral oscillation velocity distribution.

By the way, Fig. 4 C2d shows the oscillation trajectory 34, the vertical oscillation velocity distribution 35, and the lateral oscillation velocity distribution 36 in the case of conventional oscillation. Although it is difficult to make the welding arc 7 protrude in front of the molten pool 2 because it does not follow the welding arc 7, according to the present invention, the welding arc 7 can be easily and reliably protruded in front of the molten pool 2. be able to.

However, if the arc is simply moved at high speed, the arc cannot be kept in an ignited state and disappears instantaneously, or spatter occurs frequently, making it impossible to continue stable welding.

Therefore, the maximum velocity in the longitudinal direction (shown by curve 32 in Figure 4)
d. Stable formation of first layer back wave welding by setting within the range of approximately 45 to 100rrLrrL/5ec (for example; in the case of amplitude 6T and protrusion distance 3TrtrrL, the number of oscillations is 50 to 100 times/m1n) It becomes possible to do so.

To explain this from a welding phenomenon perspective, if the speed is within the above range, the welding arc 7 will reliably heat the bottom of the groove and the front of the molten pool 2 without compromising the stability of the welding arc. , the original effect of inverted T-type oscillation can be obtained.

Also, the width of the horizontal oscillation circle and the vertical oscillation can be adjusted by changing the eccentricity of the transmission rod 24 by turning the screw 17.
-! This can be easily changed by turning the outer screw 18 to change the position of the fulcrum 22, and the synchronization relationship does not change at all, so it can be easily applied to joints of various sizes.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which an electromagnet 40 is used as the means for imparting longitudinal oscillation motion.

That is, the lateral oscillation motion imparting means is the same as that shown in FIG. axis 15,
It consists of a screw 17, a transmission rod 24, a tracing groove 25, and a substrate 10.
An arc-shaped slide rod 38 with a spherical bearing 30 at its center is installed in the window hole 37 provided at 0, and a slide tip 39 made of a ferromagnetic material is slidably engaged with the slide rod 38. is mounted via a support rod 41 that can be moved in and out so as to face the slide chip 39 at an appropriate distance and to be located approximately in the center of the lateral swing movement of the board 10, and the electromagnet 40 is mounted on the side of the board 10. In order to synchronize with the direction oscillation, it is activated by a photoelectric switch consisting of a disc shutter 45, a light emitter 43, and a light receiver 44 attached to the shaft 15.
The suction action causes the substrate 10 to swing in the vertical direction.

While the button 10 is not vertically swung by the electromagnet 40, the spring 28 makes contact with the abutment rod 42,
It is maintained at a predetermined angle with respect to the vertical direction.

The tip of this abutment rod 42 is connected to the transmission rod 26 shown in FIG.
Like the tip 27, it is made of a material with a small coefficient of friction.

As a modification of this device, the board IOV? By using C ferromagnetic material and using a rotatable electromagnetic roller at the tip of the support rod 41, it is possible to swing the substrate 10 horizontally and vertically, or instead of using a photoelectric switch. The same effect can be obtained even if a Soto switch or a proximity switch is used, and it goes without saying that these are also included in the present invention.

FIG. 6 shows still another embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the substrate 5 is movable along a rail 54 extending on a frame 52 in a direction transverse to the bead 3.
3, and the substrate 53 is reciprocated on the rail 54 by a lateral drive device consisting of a lateral drive motor 46, a rotary plate 48, and a connecting rod 50. A rail 55 extending vertically is provided, a support plate 56 is provided movably along the rail 55, a welding torch 5 is attached to the tip of the support plate 56, and the support plate 56 is driven by a vertical drive motor 47, A lateral drive device consisting of a rotating plate 49 and a connecting rod 51 is used to reciprocate on the rail 55.

A stepping motor is used as the vertical direction 1 drive motor 47, and two limits (or one at the center depending on the shape of the dog 58) are provided at a predetermined distance from the center of the reciprocating movement (7) of the board 53. The welding torch 5 rotates one revolution at a time in response to signals alternately received from the switch 57, and the welding torch 5 is projected forward at the center of the lateral oscillation.

It is needless to say that this device can be modified in various ways, such as using a cam instead of a link mechanism, or using other detectors such as a photoelectric switch instead of a limit switch. .

As described above, according to the present invention, while maintaining the stability of the welding arc, the welding arc can be projected forward of the molten pool at high speed at the center part during lateral oscillation, and therefore the bottom of the groove The tip of the molten pool can be effectively heated.
The original effect of inverted T-shaped oscillation, which stably forms a good Uranami bead, can be reliably obtained.

The present invention is applicable not only to the V-groove described above, but also to various joint shapes such as Y-groove, U-groove, and ■-type butt, and is also applicable to consumable electrode type joints for materials such as mild steel, alloy steel, and aluminum. It can be widely applied to button and non-consumable electrode type automatic arc welding, and is highly effective.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1a is a plan view showing the state of conventional uranami welding using crescent-shaped motion, Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of Fig. 1a, Fig. 1C is a rear view of Fig. 1a, Fig. 1 d is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 1a, Fig. 2a is a plan view showing the Uranami welding state by inverted T-shaped movement,
Figure 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of Figure 2a, Figure 2C is a back view of Figure 2a, Figure 2d is a cross-sectional view of Figure 2a, and Figure 3 is a back wave according to the present invention. A schematic perspective view showing an embodiment of an oscillating device for welding, FIG. 4a shows an inverted T obtained by the device of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a diagram showing its velocity distribution, Figure 4C is a crescent-shaped oscillation diagram, Figure 4d is a diagram showing its velocity distribution, and Figures 5 and 6 are diagrams showing its velocity distribution. FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view showing another embodiment of the present invention. 1... Work material, 2... Molten pool, 3.
...Surface side bead, 4...Oscillate locus, 5...Welding torch, 6...Consumable electrode, 7...Welding arc, 8 ...Uranami bead, 9...Bevel, 10...Substrate, 1
1... Oscillation motor, 12, 13, 14
...Gear, 15, 16...Shaft, 17,
18...Screw, 19...Trumpet-shaped cam 2
0, 25... Copying groove, 21... Copying bar, 22... Fulcrum, 23... Joint, 24
, 26...transmission rod, 27...chip,
28... Spring, 30... Spherical bearing, 3
8...Slide rod, 39...Slide chip, 40...Electromagnet, 42...Butting rod, 43, 44...Photoelectric switch, 45・
... Disk shutter, 46 ... Horizontal direction drive motor, 47 ... Vertical direction drive motor, 48, 4
9... Rotating plate, 50° 51... Connecting rod, 52... Frame 53... Board,
54.55...Rail, 56...Support plate, 57...Limit switch, 58...
...Dog.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Regarding the oscillator device for Uranami welding, which moves the welding torch horizontally and vertically with respect to the welding joint to carry out initial layer Uranami welding from one side using the automatic arc welding method.
A board on which the welding torch is attached and is provided to be swingable in the horizontal and vertical directions, a horizontal drive means for reciprocating the board in the horizontal direction, and a central portion of the board for reciprocating in the horizontal direction An oscillating device for Uranami welding, comprising a vertical drive means for moving a substrate forward and longitudinally at high speed and reciprocating it.