JPS5826907A - High-temperature air mixed steam generator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a high temperature air mixed steam generator for modifying the properties of wet saturated steam generated in a boiler.

The steam generated from an ordinary small standard boiler without a steam heater is wet saturated steam with poor dryness. Modern steam boilers have become smaller, and the amount of water held in the can is small, so carryover is likely to occur during high loads when the most heat is needed. f! The use of nitrogen and steam results in large heat losses.

The amount of heat retained by such wet saturated steam depends on its dryness. Here, dryness indicates the weight ratio of steam (gas) in wet steam. Since the heat exchange heat transfer facepiece of a heating material appliance, such as a heater or steam iron, is formed by a limited supply steam holding volume and a heat transfer area, such heating equipment cannot be exposed to moisture-rich moisture. When saturated steam is supplied, the steam in the heating equipment loses its latent heat and begins to condense, and the drying rate inside the equipment is 0.6 to 0.7%. , when the same amount of steam is supplied, the proportion of steam in the internal volume of the device is small.

The latent heat that only steam can hold is reduced,
The heat absorption and utilization efficiency will be significantly reduced. In order to compensate for this, there is no choice but to supply a larger amount of wet steam, which has the drawback of increasing the amount of steam used by the boiler, which is directly linked to fuel loss.

As described above, in a heat transfer surface having a fixed volume, the volume ratio occupied by steam (void ratio) has a decisive influence on the heat consumption amount and heat absorption efficiency of the heating device.

On the other hand, the moisture generated from the wet saturated steam forms a thick drain layer on the heat exchange heat transfer surface of the heating equipment.

Since this drain layer has extremely poor thermal conductivity, it has the drawback of significantly reducing the heat absorption and utilization efficiency of the equipment.

This invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1, a steam boiler body (a) is mainly composed of a heat insulating exterior body (1) and a wood tube body (3) disposed in an internal firebox (2). The lower header (4) of the water pipe body (3) and the hot well tank (5) installed outside the machine are connected by a water supply pipe (7) via a boiler water supply pump (6). 6), the hot water in the hot well tank (5) is supplied to the water pipe body (3) up to a predetermined water level and stored. Furthermore, the water pipe body (3) and header (4) are connected by a plurality of vertical water pipes (8) so that canned water can be circulated.

An oil burner (9) is placed at one end of the lower part of the exterior body (1), and the firebox (2) is heated by combustion of the oil burner (9).
is heated by combustion to approximately 120 δC. In the process of moving in the direction of the arrow in the firebox (2), the high-temperature combustion gas passes through the water pipe body (3).
The canned water inside is heated and evaporated to a predetermined selected pressure in the head of the steam chamber above it. The upper part of the water pipe body (3) is the main steam pipe (1
1J, and the main steam pipe (1υ is further connected to a wet steam supply circuit (13) opened at one end to the suction mixer discharge) to determine the temperature, pressure, and migration of the wet steam generated in the steam chamber head. In order to adjust the boiler source pressure gauge u leakage, main steam valve (to), steam pressure adjustment valve tap, wet steam mixture return check'jPa
The pressure of the wet saturated steam sent to the suction mixer (2) through the wet steam supply circuit (131) is 5
kf/rl, and the steam temperature at that time was 158°C.4 There is an air pump made of heat insulating material at the top of the exhaust port C(3)7) opened at the top of the exterior body (1). (b
) can be freely installed. Air preheater (
In b), the lower part of the outer case I has an exhaust gas supply port (sha), and the upper part of the outer case (2) has an exhaust gas outlet (2). Inside the air preheater outer box (A) there is a two-lower holder (
23a, 23b). It is preferable that each thin tube is arranged in a meandering manner in order to increase the heat receiving area. One end of the air heating tube is connected to the air pressure feeding circuit (251), and an air pressure feeding device (2) such as a compressor is attached to the end of the air pressure feeding circuit (251). The air pressure adjustment valve and the air population thermometer (
An air pressure gauge (support), an air pressure gauge (support), and an air pressure reversal valve (2) are installed respectively to ensure smooth supply of air and to adjust the temperature and pressure of the air. Air heating tube (
2) The other end is connected to the heated air pressure feeding pipe (9), and this heated air pressure feeding pipe (31), ? ) end is connected to the suction mixer (
It is familiar with restraint.

An exhaust pipe (end) is attached to the upper part of the exhaust gas outlet (end).

High-temperature combustion gas heats canned water in the firebox (2) and then is heated by air from the upper exhaust port of the exterior body (1) to the exhaust gas supply port of the shear preheater outer box. The initial air at about 30°C' enters the air heating chamber (24) and is pumped from an air pumping device (24) such as a compressor. ) is heated to about 170-200°C, and
Heated air at 200°C is passed through the air pressure feeding circuit.
It is sent to the suction mixer @ at a constant pressure of 2kf/♂. The air pressure feeding circuit (5) includes, in the order of circuit flow, the heated air outlet thermometer (to) of the preheater ■, the outlet pressure gauge I, the auxiliary heated air release adjustment valve (branch), and the heated air outlet reverse IE valve (branch). , heated air mixing inlet pressure gauge (support), heated air mixing inlet thermometer (phantom), and heated air mixing inlet check valve (41
) are deployed respectively.

The above-mentioned auxiliary heating air release regulating valve °■ is provided to prevent the air temperature from decreasing due to a decrease in the air flow rate within the heating air pressure feed pipe (1G) when steam is not used much. The air release adjustment valve □□□ is opened to release a small amount of heated air into the atmosphere, and the heated air pressure pipe (
By improving the flow of air within 31J, the temperature of the pressurized heating air at the crest can be maintained at 170 to 200°C at all times.

After the steam pressure adjustment valve screams, 51#/n? 15 at 0 constant pressure
While supplying humid steam at 8° C., the high temperature air at 170 to 200° C. with a pressure of 4.21 w/♂ is sucked into the suction mixer @, and the wet steam and high temperature air are mixed. This gas mixture is sent to an indirect heating device such as a steam heater or steam iron (431).

In the suction mixer u, two gases, namely wet saturated steam and high-temperature heating air, are mixed at the same pressure and temperature, so the kinetic energy of both gases (e = m
u+s/2g) are equal. In addition, each gas does not exchange external work or heat when it expands, so it conserves its kinetic energy, and even when different types of gases are mixed, they collide with each other to evenly distribute the kinetic energy. Even if the molecular weights are different, the above e-m
The value of uo72g will be saved for any type. (Dalton's Law) In other words, in the case of the present invention, the temperature within the heating device is equal to the temperature at the time of mixing.

In addition, a suction mixer (using a wet saturated steam pressure (5kr')
nr) and a lower air pressure (42 kf/♂) are suction-mixed, the suction mixer (2
It has been experimentally confirmed that the air pressure on the ) side is the same as the pressure of wet saturated steam (5 ume/male).

Therefore, during heat exchange within the heating device (43), latent heat is removed from the steam of the mixed steam, and the amount of heat (sensible heat) retained by the saturated water (drain water) remains.

High-temperature heated air has the property of adsorbing more condensed water in the form of bubbles depending on the temperature and heat capacity it possesses, and the heat capacity (apparent) of saturated water.
This effectively promotes heat absorption up to the heat absorption utilization range of the heating equipment.

It is clear from, for example, the state of discharge from the steam drain that heat exchange is efficiently achieved within the heating device when mixed steam is supplied. That is, supply pressure Pw-5k
f/j Under the conditions of supply steam amount of 111001#/H per hour, back pressure of kf/♂ is generated when only wet saturated steam is supplied to the supply piping (42) Steam drain pressure needle (2j at anchor) death,
The temperature of the discharged steam drain is 138°C according to the steam drain thermometer (a), and when the steam drain thermometer is supplied to the hot well tank (5), the temperature inside the tank is 98°C. On the other hand, when the mixed steam of the present invention was supplied to the supply pipe (@) under the same conditions as above, the steam drain pressure was Okf.
/m, and the temperature of the steam drain is also measured with the above thermometer (45
) indicated 94°C.

When this discharged steam drain was discharged untreated into the hot well tank (5) in the same manner as described above, the temperature inside the hot well tank was 85°C.

As described above, it has been found that when mixed steam is supplied, sufficient heat exchange is achieved within the heating equipment, and the absorption efficiency of the heating equipment can be maintained at a high level by the mixed steam itself. Furthermore, since steam drain is recovered at 100'C or lower, heat loss during drain recovery can be minimized.

Also, when only heating air is sent to the supply piping, the temperature tends to drop rapidly by the time it reaches the heating equipment.
By supplying a mixed gas of moist saturated steam and heating air to the heating equipment, the temperature of the high-temperature air is hardly lowered.

Furthermore, FIGS. 2 to 4 show other embodiments of the air preheater (b).

Figures 2 and 3 show a smoke tube type air preheater.
A large number of smoke pipes (4η) are arranged horizontally inside the outer box (B), and in the process of transferring the exhaust bus to these smoke pipes (47),
The compressed air inside is heated by the adjacent compressed air.

FIG. 4 shows an air preheater in which a plurality of compressed air heating coils are arranged in a helical manner around the outer periphery of a large number of vertical smoke pipes (4!ll).

As described above, this invention includes installing an insulating outer box having an exhaust gas supply port on one side and an exhaust gas outlet on the other side above the exhaust port of a steam boiler, and An air heating chamber is formed by disposing an air heating path with a large heat receiving area inside, and one end of the air heating path is connected to an air pressure,
The other end of the feeding device is connected to a heated air pressure feeding pipe, and the tip of the heated air pressure feeding pipe is attached to a mixer, in which the steam used in the boiler and the heated air having a temperature higher than the steam temperature are mixed. Therefore, the wet saturated steam generated in the boiler can be reformed into a higher calorie dry mixed steam and the mixed steam can be supplied to each heating device. High-temperature heated air is replenished in an amount proportional to the humidity of the steam, increasing the proportion of gas in the generated steam, which has the same effect as increasing the dryness of the generated steam outside the boiler body regardless of the boiler function. At the same time, the steam flow rate is greatly accelerated and the amount of condensate generated in the steam supply piping is reduced.Furthermore, this mixed steam reduces the volume occupied by gas (steam and high-temperature air) on the heat transfer surface of the heating equipment. By increasing the void ratio, the amount of saturated moisture (drainage) in the heating equipment can be significantly reduced, allowing more heat to be supplied to the heat transfer surface. At this time, the formation of the drain layer on the heat transfer facepiece can be minimized, which greatly improves the efficiency of heat absorption and effective utilization of the heating equipment, resulting in less heat consumption and therefore a significant reduction in fuel costs. , the steam drain of 106C or less can be discharged from the heating equipment that is supplied with mixed steam and heat exchanged, and it can be installed above the boiler exhaust port, so it can be used regardless of the model without modifying the existing steam boiler. It can be used in any steam boiler at low cost, and since an air heating device outside the steam boiler is installed, the heat receiving area of the air heating path inside the outer box can be arbitrarily increased, and the exhaust gas is at a lower temperature than inside the furnace. Because it uses heat, the air heating path can be less damaged by heat, and the durability of the high-temperature air mixed steam generator itself can be increased.Furthermore, since it uses waste heat, there is no need to install a separate tank for obtaining high-temperature air. No cost is required. In addition, before supplying mixed steam at the start of operation, only high-temperature heating air is forced into the supply piping to discharge residual condensate in the piping and heating equipment, reducing heat loss during steam startup supply. It has excellent effects such as completely eliminating the causes of water hammer etc.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the used state, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a smoke tube type air preheater, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the corrugated tube type air preheater. (a)... Steam boiler body (b)...
Air preheater■...outer box (21
)...Exhaust gas supply port■...Exhaust gas discharge port (to)...Air heating pipe■...Air pressure feeding device
(9)... Heated air pressure pipe (to)... Exhaust port
(to)...Heating chamber (support)...Release adjustment valve
(Capital)...Horizontal smoke pipe (4)...Vertical smoke pipe
Group... Heating coil and above Patent applicant Yukio Kitazawa

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) An insulating outer box with an exhaust gas supply port (2υ) on the 1- side and an exhaust gas discharge port on the other side is placed above the exhaust port (to) of the steam boiler. The inside of the heat-insulating outer box (4) is made into an air heating chamber (end) in which an air heating path with a natural heat-receiving area is arranged, and one end of the air heating path is The other end of the air pressure feeding device (a) is connected to the heated air pressure feeding pipe Cυ, and the heated air pressure feeding pipe (
9) A high-temperature air mixed steam generation device, characterized in that it is attached to the metal mixer at the tip, and in this mixer, the steam used in the boiler and the heated air having a temperature higher than the steam temperature are combined. +2> ,: A high-temperature air one-basin steam generator described in a patent, characterized in that the C-year heating path (to) is a plurality of meandering thin tubes. (3) The high-temperature air mixed steam generator according to claim 1, wherein the air 7JI1 heat path @ is a plurality of spiral thin tubes (3). (4) The high temperature air according to claim 1, wherein the air heating path (to) is a slit adjacent to a large number of horizontal smoke pipes (9) arranged in multiple layers in the horizontal direction. Mixed steam generator. (5) Mixer (12J) is capable of mixing high-temperature heating air and moist steam while supplying wet steam generated from a steam boiler at a constant pressure, and also sucking pressurized air at a pressure lower than the steam pressure. The high-temperature air mixed steam generator (6) according to claim 1, which is a suction mixer configured as follows: auxiliary heating air that can be opened and closed as appropriate in the heating air pressure feed pipe (self); A high-temperature air mixed steam generator according to claim 1, which is provided with a discharge regulating valve.