JPS5824876A - Safety device - Google Patents

Safety device

Info

Publication number
JPS5824876A
JPS5824876A JP57124448A JP12444882A JPS5824876A JP S5824876 A JPS5824876 A JP S5824876A JP 57124448 A JP57124448 A JP 57124448A JP 12444882 A JP12444882 A JP 12444882A JP S5824876 A JPS5824876 A JP S5824876A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
light
receiver
transmitter
reflected
safety device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP57124448A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Juichi Shimada
嶋田 寿一
Tadashi Fukuzawa
董 福沢
Makoto Morioka
誠 森岡
Akio Kumada
熊田 明生
Kazuhiro Kurata
倉田 一宏
Yasushi Koga
古賀 康史
Takeshi Seko
世古 剛
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Ltd
Original Assignee
Hitachi Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi Ltd filed Critical Hitachi Ltd
Priority to JP57124448A priority Critical patent/JPS5824876A/en
Publication of JPS5824876A publication Critical patent/JPS5824876A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/88Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications

Abstract

PURPOSE:To achieve a highly sensitive detection by arranging a light transmitter with a light emitting diode as light source and a light receiver with a sensitivity to light emitted therefrom to receive light with the receiver as reflected from a target after it is irradiated thereto with a specified directivity by the transmitter. CONSTITUTION:An infrared light emitting diode 81 projects light in the direction determined by a projector once focused with a lens 82 as modulated light under a repeated pulse modulation of a 10% duty, 1musec, with a pulse oscillator 83 and a pulse amplifier 85. The light thus projected is reflected from a vehicle ahead and as the reflected light 86, it is converted into an electrical signal with an Si photodetector 89 via a condensor 88. Noise light components are removed from this electrical signal with a tuning circuit 90 adapted to only tune in the infrared light projected. Then, after amplified with an amplifier 91, it is converted into direct current with a rectifier circuit 92 and taken into a microcomputer 94 as digital signal through a digital-analog converter 93. Depending on CH1 and CH2 signals, an operation circuit 95 of an alarm is actuated as required to give a warning to an alarm 96.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は発光ダイオードを用いた車輛等の衝突防止のた
めの安全装置に関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a safety device for preventing collisions of vehicles etc. using light emitting diodes.

目視制御又は遠隔操作などによる車輛等の進路に障害物
等は事前に検知し、衝突等匿よる被害を未然に防止しな
ければならない。
Obstacles in the path of vehicles must be detected in advance by visual control or remote control to prevent collisions and other damage.

従来この種の障害物検知に超音波やUH11i’等の利
用が試みられたが、装置が大がかりとなる点やノイズ等
の問題もあり実用に至っていない。
Conventionally, attempts have been made to use ultrasonic waves, UH11i', etc. for this type of obstacle detection, but these have not been put to practical use due to the large scale of the device and problems such as noise.

本発明は、発光ダイオードを光源とする送光器および、
その発光に対し感度を有する受光器の少なくとも一対を
用い、この送光器に所定の指向性を持たせ、照射された
光が、標的によって反射される反射光を受光器で検知す
るものである。
The present invention provides a light transmitter using a light emitting diode as a light source;
At least one pair of light receivers that are sensitive to the emitted light is used, the light transmitter has a predetermined directivity, and the light receiver detects the reflected light of the irradiated light reflected by the target. .

本発明の代表的な例は第1図のごとく車輛1の前部の両
端に近い位置に発光ダイオードおよび受光素子の組2,
3を装置し、発光および受光光学系を十分シャープ(発
散角θ)にして反射、散乱光を高効率に集取する構成と
するものである。こ系2,3を一定角Φにわた−で走査
する。こめ場合2,3を同期して両ビームが交わること
のない様にすれば両系の信号が混合することはない。ま
た発光光を一定周波数で変調しておくと背影光の防害を
受けにくい。また2、3の各系を異なった周波数で変調
しておけば、より信頼度は向上する。
A typical example of the present invention, as shown in FIG.
3, and the light emitting and light receiving optical systems are made sufficiently sharp (divergence angle θ) to collect reflected and scattered light with high efficiency. The systems 2 and 3 are scanned across a constant angle Φ. If cases 2 and 3 are synchronized so that the two beams do not intersect, the signals of both systems will not mix. Furthermore, if the emitted light is modulated at a constant frequency, it will be less susceptible to interference from background light. Furthermore, if the systems 2 and 3 are modulated at different frequencies, the reliability will be further improved.

また発光素子の発光波長を変える方法も有利である。こ
の様な系で得られた両信号を比較することで前方の障害
物の大きさや相対速度がわかり加えて自己車の車速やハ
ンドル操作角を検出利用することにより、より信頼度の
高い装置とすることが出来る。また車速により走査角Φ
を変えるといったことも有利となる。
Also advantageous is a method of changing the emission wavelength of the light emitting element. By comparing both signals obtained by such a system, the size and relative speed of the obstacle ahead can be determined.In addition, by detecting and utilizing the own vehicle's vehicle speed and steering angle, it is possible to create a more reliable device. You can. Also, depending on the vehicle speed, the scanning angle Φ
It is also advantageous to change the

実施例1 第2図は本発明の実施例の一42ア光の送受器をらの高
さは0.55mとした。各送受光器は1秒間に5回通行
方向に対して±15°振動するようになっている。第3
図は二組の送受光器の水平断面を示す。放物面鏡16.
17の一方の焦点ζこ発光ダイオード18.他方に5i
PINダイオードを受光器19として設けである。送受
光器はコンパクトでデザイン的にもすぐれたものとする
ため放物面鏡を半分にしたものを送光器、受光器とし外
観は1個の放物面鏡のごとく見える様に構成した。
Embodiment 1 FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which a 42-hour optical transmitter and receiver was set at a height of 0.55 m. Each light transmitter/receiver is designed to vibrate ±15° with respect to the traffic direction five times per second. Third
The figure shows a horizontal cross section of two sets of transmitters and receivers. Parabolic mirror 16.
17, one focal point ζ of the light emitting diode 18. 5i on the other side
A PIN diode is provided as a light receiver 19. In order to make the transmitter/receiver compact and of excellent design, the transmitter and receiver are made of halves of a parabolic mirror, and the exterior is constructed to look like a single parabolic mirror.

その外観は第4図のごとくである。なお、20は回転軸
で左右に振動する。発光素子18として約50mWの高
出力G a A s発光ダイオードを用いた。この発光
ダイオードは従来品にくらべて1桁以上も高い出力が得
られ、しかも人間の目lこはほとんど感じない8000
λ近傍の近赤外光を発するので、直接光や反射光で通行
者等をこ防害を与えないので好都合である。発光ダイオ
ード18は送光用放物面鏡16の焦点におかれ平行光線
として出射される。また物体からの反射光は受光用放物
面鏡17によって集光され8iPINダイオード19に
よって電気信号に変換される。梵送光ビーム開き角、お
よび受光開口角θは3度以下で鋭い指向性をもつ。しか
も2組の送受光器は同期して振動するので、互いに相手
側の発光を受光することは無い。
Its appearance is as shown in Figure 4. Note that 20 is a rotating shaft that vibrates from side to side. As the light emitting element 18, a high output GaAs light emitting diode of about 50 mW was used. This light emitting diode has an output that is more than an order of magnitude higher than that of conventional products, and has an 8000 Hz output that is almost invisible to the human eye.
Since it emits near-infrared light near λ, it is convenient because it does not harm passersby with direct light or reflected light. The light emitting diode 18 is placed at the focal point of the light transmitting parabolic mirror 16 and is emitted as a parallel light beam. Further, the reflected light from the object is collected by the light-receiving parabolic mirror 17 and converted into an electric signal by the 8iPIN diode 19. The transmitting beam aperture angle and the receiving aperture angle θ are 3 degrees or less and have sharp directivity. In addition, since the two sets of light transmitters and receivers vibrate in synchronization, they do not receive each other's light emission.

この様な構成から成る系の動作を次に説明する。The operation of the system having such a configuration will be explained next.

第5図は本実施例における、信号の出射および受光とそ
の動作を説明するブロックダイアグラムである。ブロッ
クダイアグラムの要点は左右の送受光制御系、送受光器
の振動走査系、左右の受光出力を記憶比較し警報を発す
る系から成る。まず送受光制御系について説明する。2
1 、(22)は基準発振器で本例では30KHzとし
た。23゜(24)は発振器で制御される電源、25 
、 (26)は高出力発光ダイオード、27.(28)
は反射光を受光するPINダイオード、29.(30)
は基準発振器で同期するロックイン増lJ器である。
FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating signal emission and light reception and their operations in this embodiment. The main points of the block diagram are the left and right light transmission and reception control systems, the vibration scanning system for the light transmitter and receiver, and the system that stores and compares the left and right light reception outputs and issues an alarm. First, the light transmission/reception control system will be explained. 2
1, (22) is a reference oscillator, which has a frequency of 30 KHz in this example. 23° (24) is a power supply controlled by an oscillator, 25
, (26) is a high output light emitting diode, 27. (28)
29. is a PIN diode that receives reflected light; (30)
is a lock-in amplifier lJ synchronized with a reference oscillator.

この構成が左右に対応しである。振動走査糸は5Hzで
動作する制御発振器35により送受光器を振動走査する
。一方35の出力により31 、32の記憶回路を順次
走査し、29.30のロックイン増巾器の出力を記憶す
る。この記憶回路はたとえば半導体メモリを用いて十分
である。この記憶内容は、自動車前方の左右方向の反射
パターンとなる。しかも31と32の内容は各々の送受
光器から見た反射パターンとなるから送受光器の1振動
ご七に31.32から記憶内容を読み出し、33でパタ
ーン整合を取ることによって、主反射体の距離を検出す
ることができる。この距離が、車速計36の出力ζこ応
じあらかじめ設定した一定値以下となると34の信号強
度比較器に出力する。
This configuration corresponds to the left and right. The vibration scanning thread vibrates and scans the light transmitter/receiver by a controlled oscillator 35 operating at 5 Hz. On the other hand, the memory circuits 31 and 32 are sequentially scanned by the output of 35, and the output of the lock-in amplifier 29 and 30 is stored. For example, it is sufficient to use a semiconductor memory as this memory circuit. This stored content becomes a reflection pattern in the left and right direction in front of the vehicle. Moreover, the contents of 31 and 32 are the reflection patterns seen from each transmitter and receiver, so by reading the stored contents from 31 and 32 every vibration of the transmitter and receiver and matching the patterns at 33, the main reflector distance can be detected. When this distance becomes less than a certain value set in advance according to the output ζ of the vehicle speed meter 36, it is output to the signal strength comparator 34.

この点線内に示した一連の演算はマイクロ・コンビーー
タを用いることによっても容易に実現出来る。本例では
車速v (Km/n r )と信号出力距離! (m 
)の関係は、l=vとした。33の出力は34の信号強
度比較回路に入り、対称物の距離の2乗に比例した参照
信号37以上となると警報を発する。距離の2乗に比例
した参照信号と比較することで対称物の距離にかかわら
ず同一対称物であれば同一条件で警報を発することがで
きる。この様にすることにより、一定視野内の一定大き
さ以上の対称物を車速に応じた最適距離で安定に警報を
発することが出来る。
The series of operations shown within this dotted line can also be easily realized by using a micro converter. In this example, vehicle speed v (Km/n r ) and signal output distance! (m
) was set as l=v. The output of 33 enters a signal strength comparison circuit 34, which issues an alarm when the reference signal 37, which is proportional to the square of the distance to the object, is greater than or equal to the reference signal 37. By comparing with a reference signal proportional to the square of the distance, an alarm can be issued under the same conditions if the object is the same, regardless of the distance of the object. By doing this, it is possible to stably issue a warning for objects larger than a certain size within a certain field of view at an optimal distance depending on the vehicle speed.

なお、発光ダイオードの照射光を特定周波数で変調する
ことにより背景光の影響をなくし得る。
Note that the influence of background light can be eliminated by modulating the light emitted from the light emitting diode at a specific frequency.

また、上述の照射光を特定周波数またはパルスで撮巾変
調したキャリア周波数、または周波数位相変調したキャ
リアで発光強度を変調し、背景光や他車の信号の影響を
なくすことが出来る。
In addition, the light emission intensity can be modulated using a carrier frequency obtained by width-modulating the above-mentioned irradiation light with a specific frequency or pulse, or a carrier frequency-phase modulated, thereby eliminating the influence of background light or signals from other vehicles.

送受光器の具体的構成は種々変形が可能である。The specific configuration of the light transmitter/receiver can be modified in various ways.

前述の送光器は放物面鏡内に発光ダイオードを設け、こ
れを振動させ照射ビームをスキャンした。
The light transmitter described above had a light emitting diode installed inside a parabolic mirror, which was vibrated to scan the irradiation beam.

しかし、機械的振動を用いず第6図の如き送光器を用い
て放射ビーム走査させても良い。60はパラボラ型の反
射fi、61,62.63は反射鏡の焦点付近に配置し
た発光ダイオードである。各ダイオードを順次点滅する
ことで放射ビームを走査することが出来る。この例は発
光ダイオードを3個配置したものであるが、更に多数個
の発光ダイオードを用いてより連続的な走査を可能とし
得る。
However, the radiation beam may be scanned using a light transmitter as shown in FIG. 6 without using mechanical vibration. 60 is a parabolic reflection fi, and 61, 62, and 63 are light emitting diodes arranged near the focal point of the reflecting mirror. The radiation beam can be scanned by blinking each diode in sequence. In this example, three light emitting diodes are arranged, but a larger number of light emitting diodes may be used to enable more continuous scanning.

一方、受光器についても第7図に例示するごとく機械的
振動を用いず受光系の視野を実質的に走査させることが
出来る。77はレンズ、73゜74.75は受光素子で
ある。たとえば70゜71.72等の方向よりの入射光
は各々75゜74.73の受光素子に入射する。従って
時系列的に順次受光素子を機能させることにより実質的
に視野を走査することが出来る。第7図では3個の受光
素子を配置した例を示したが、更に多数個の受光素子を
配置することにより、より連続的な走査をすることが出
来る。受光素子の視野の走査は次の如き方法によること
も出来る。各受光素子の電気的走査をCCD (Cha
rged Coupled Device)を用いて行
なってもよい。
On the other hand, as for the light receiver, as illustrated in FIG. 7, the field of view of the light receiving system can be substantially scanned without using mechanical vibration. 77 is a lens, and 73° 74.75 is a light receiving element. For example, incident light from a direction such as 70°71.72 is incident on each light receiving element at 75°74.73. Therefore, it is possible to substantially scan the field of view by sequentially operating the light receiving elements in chronological order. Although FIG. 7 shows an example in which three light-receiving elements are arranged, more continuous scanning can be achieved by arranging a larger number of light-receiving elements. The field of view of the light receiving element can also be scanned by the following method. CCD (Cha
It may also be performed using a rged Coupled Device).

これ才で説明した例は送受光器の指向性を十分シャープ
にし、この光学系を左右lこ走査する態様を持つもので
あった。
In the example explained above, the directivity of the light transmitter/receiver is made sufficiently sharp, and the optical system is scanned left and right.

この様に少なくとも二組の送受光器の対を用い警報を発
する安全装置として、次の様な形態も取り得る。この形
態は送受光器の指向性を扇形とし特に走査の要はない。
As described above, a safety device that uses at least two pairs of light transmitters and receivers to issue an alarm may take the following form. In this configuration, the directivity of the light transmitter and receiver is fan-shaped, and there is no particular need for scanning.

この形態は特に車輛の後方の安全確認に用いて有利であ
る。
This configuration is particularly advantageous when used to check the safety of the rear of a vehicle.

実施例2 第8図は、多色発光による障害物検出装置を自動車の後
方に装置した場合の説明図である。
Embodiment 2 FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a case where an obstacle detection device using multicolor light emission is installed at the rear of an automobile.

図は平面図で81は、8000人に発光波長を持つ、発
光ダイオードを用いた送光器である。光は、レンズ等の
光学系により上下方向にうすい扇状に成型された放射ビ
ームとなっており、点線で表わされている。84は、8
400人に発光波長を持つ発光ダイオードを用いた送光
器で、一点鎖線で放射ビームを示しである。
The figure is a plan view, and 81 is a light transmitter using a light emitting diode, which has an emission wavelength of 8,000 people. The light is a radiation beam formed into a thin fan shape in the vertical direction by an optical system such as a lens, and is represented by a dotted line. 84 is 8
This is a light transmitter using a light emitting diode with an emission wavelength of 400 cm, and the radiation beam is shown by a dashed line.

受光器82は、81の波長に感度を有し、受光器83は
、84の波長に感度を有する如く設定する。一方のみに
感度を有するようにするには、たとえばフィルターを用
いればよい。
The light receiver 82 is set to have sensitivity to a wavelength of 81, and the light receiver 83 is set to have sensitivity to a wavelength of 84. In order to have sensitivity only to one side, a filter may be used, for example.

今、後方の障害物が、A、B、C,Dの位置にある場合
について考える。第9図は受光器の信号出力と障害物の
関係を示す図である。Aでは、どちらか一方の受光器の
みが、障害物からの反射光を受けるのみであるが、第9
図Aに示す様に、閾値T をこえる強い信号となる。
Now, consider the case where the rear obstacles are at positions A, B, C, and D. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the relationship between the signal output of the light receiver and obstacles. In A, only one of the receivers receives the reflected light from the obstacle, but the 9th receiver only receives the reflected light from the obstacle.
As shown in Figure A, this results in a strong signal that exceeds the threshold value T.

Bにおいては、両方の受光器が光を感じ、閾値T2を越
える。Cでは、片方のみ閾値T2をこえ、Dでは、とも
iこ閾値T をこえる。
At B, both receivers sense light and the threshold T2 is exceeded. In C, only one exceeds the threshold T2, and in D, both exceed the threshold T2.

Aと、Bの場合のみ、警報を発するか、ブレーキ゛を作
動させるようにすることにより所望の安全対策をなすこ
とが出来る。加えて発光ダイオードを一定周波数で変調
し、受光器の増巾回路も、同一周波数のみを増巾すれば
、外界の光例えば、太陽光や、街路灯等の光を雑音さし
て捕えることがなく、感度のよい検知が可能である。
Only in cases A and B, desired safety measures can be taken by issuing a warning or operating a brake. In addition, if the light emitting diode is modulated at a constant frequency and the amplification circuit of the receiver amplifies only the same frequency, light from the outside world, such as sunlight or street lights, will not be captured as noise. Highly sensitive detection is possible.

上記の車輛に積載された安全装置の回路装置構成を第1
0図に示す。点線で示した部分は、一つの波長に対し一
組必要である。ここでは、CHI。
The circuit device configuration of the safety device installed in the above vehicle is shown in the first section.
Shown in Figure 0. One set of the portions indicated by dotted lines is required for one wavelength. Here, CHI.

CI−I 2と表示しである。投光器は前面部に赤外線
レンズ22(円筒(かまぼこ)形レンズなト、又は無色
の円筒レンズの前又は後に赤外線フィルタを附設しても
よい。)等を備えその後方に赤外発光ダイオードを設け
る。図中81はG a A I A s系赤外発光ダイ
オード(GaAl!As  Infra−RedEmi
tting Diode、以下GaA/As I RB
 Dと略記する)である。
It is labeled as CI-I 2. The projector is equipped with an infrared lens 22 (a cylindrical lens, or an infrared filter may be attached before or after a colorless cylindrical lens) on the front side, and an infrared light emitting diode behind it. In the figure, 81 is a GaAl!As Infra-RedEmi
tting Diode, hereinafter referred to as GaA/As I RB
(abbreviated as D).

この場合、放物面鏡等の反射鏡を用いても良く、又両者
の組み合せ等を用いて光学系を構成しても勿論良い。
In this case, a reflecting mirror such as a parabolic mirror may be used, or a combination of the two may be used to configure the optical system.

2種のIREDはパルス発振器83及びパルス増巾器8
5によって繰返し1ysec、デユーティ(duty)
  10 ’%のパルス変調を加えてた変調光として、
コンデンサーレンズ82で集光して、ビームの厚み方向
に対しほぼ平行な光84として投光器の向られた方向に
投光した。該変調周波数はGaAl!As I RE 
DではDC〜50MH2の範囲で変調することができる
。周囲の雑光の影きょうを除いて用いる実用的変調範囲
はIKHz−50MHzと言える。この変調光の変調周
波数は車毎変えて用いることができる。投光された光前
方の車輛で反射され、反射光86として、集光用のコン
デンサーレンズ88前に置かれた帯域F波器87にて、
各々投光された光の中心波長800 nm及び840 
nmの光のみを選択する。この後、コンデンサーレンズ
88にて集光され、シリコン・ホトデテクター89にて
電気信号に変換される。この電気信号は投光した赤外光
のみに同調する同調回路90にて雑光成分を除去する。
The two types of IRED are a pulse oscillator 83 and a pulse amplifier 8
5 repeats 1ysec, duty
As modulated light with 10'% pulse modulation,
The light was condensed by a condenser lens 82 and projected in the direction toward which the projector was directed as light 84 that was substantially parallel to the thickness direction of the beam. The modulation frequency is GaAl! As I RE
D can be modulated in the range of DC to 50 MH2. It can be said that the practical modulation range used excluding the shadow of ambient light is IKHz-50MHz. The modulation frequency of this modulated light can be changed for each vehicle. The projected light is reflected by a vehicle in front of the vehicle, and as reflected light 86 is passed to a band F wave detector 87 placed in front of a condenser lens 88 for condensing light.
The center wavelength of the projected light is 800 nm and 840 nm, respectively.
Select only nm light. Thereafter, the light is focused by a condenser lens 88 and converted into an electrical signal by a silicon photodetector 89. This electric signal is sent to a tuning circuit 90 that is tuned only to the projected infrared light to remove miscellaneous light components.

次いで増巾器91にて増巾された後整流回路92にて直
流化されD−A変換器93で、ディジタル信号とし、マ
イクロコンピュータ94にとりこまれる。CHIおよび
CI−12の信号から前述のA、Hの状態を判定し、警
報器の動作回路95を働らかせ、警報器96にて警報を
発する。
Next, the signal is amplified by an amplifier 91, converted to direct current by a rectifier circuit 92, converted into a digital signal by a DA converter 93, and input into a microcomputer 94. The states of A and H described above are determined from the signals of CHI and CI-12, the alarm operation circuit 95 is activated, and the alarm 96 issues an alarm.

なお、本発明では投受光器を次の如く構成するのが実用
的である。
In addition, in the present invention, it is practical to configure the light emitter/receiver as follows.

赤外光の波長領域を700nmないし800nmの範囲
に選択し、加えてその半値幅を35nm以下となす。こ
の様な赤外光を用いることによって安全装置の誤動作を
極めて少ないものとなすことが可能となる。
The wavelength region of the infrared light is selected to be in the range of 700 nm to 800 nm, and in addition, the half width thereof is set to be 35 nm or less. By using such infrared light, it is possible to minimize malfunctions of safety devices.

また、前記と同様の目的のため発光ダイオードの変調周
波数を互に異ならしめても良い。この場合、発光ダイオ
ードの発光波長は同一で十分である。但し、受光系は光
源の周波数と一対一対応した選択増巾系を持つ同数個の
光検出器を配置すれば良い。
Further, the modulation frequencies of the light emitting diodes may be made different from each other for the same purpose as described above. In this case, it is sufficient that the light emitting wavelengths of the light emitting diodes are the same. However, the light receiving system may include the same number of photodetectors each having a selective amplification system in one-to-one correspondence with the frequency of the light source.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明の代表的な形態を説明する図、第2図は
安全装置を自動車に取付けた状態を示す正面図、第3図
、第4図は送受光器の構成を示す図、第5図は実施例の
動作を示すブロック線図、第6図は送光器の別な例を示
す断面図、第7図は受光器の別な例を示す断面図、第8
図は本発明の別な形態を説明する図、第9図は受光器の
障害物と信号出力の関係を示す図、第10図は実施例の
動作を示すプロ、り線図である。 図において、 1・・・車輛、2,3・・・送受光器、16,17゜6
0 ・・e放物面鏡、18,61,62.63−発光ダ
イオード、73,74,75,19・・・受光素子、7
7.82,87・・・ レンズ、81゜第 1 目 ご 葛 22 第1頁の続き 0発 明 者 倉出−宏 国分寺市東恋ケ窪1丁目280番 地株式会社日立製作所中央研究 所内 [相]発 明 者 古賀康史 国分寺市東恋ケ窪1丁目280番 地株式会社日立製作所中央研究 所内 0発 明 者 世古剛 国分寺市東恋ケ窪1丁目280番 地株式会社日立製作所中央研究 所内
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a typical form of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view showing a state in which the safety device is attached to a car, FIGS. 3 and 4 are diagrams showing the configuration of a light transmitter/receiver, 5 is a block diagram showing the operation of the embodiment, FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing another example of the light transmitter, FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing another example of the light receiver, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing another example of the light receiver.
9 is a diagram illustrating another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between obstacles of the light receiver and signal output, and FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the embodiment. In the figure, 1... Vehicle, 2, 3... Transmitter/receiver, 16, 17°6
0...e parabolic mirror, 18, 61, 62. 63-light emitting diode, 73, 74, 75, 19... light receiving element, 7
7.82,87... Lens, 81° 1st page 22 Continued from page 1 0 Inventor Kurade-Hiroshi Kokokubunji City, Higashikoigakubo 1-280 Hitachi, Ltd. Central Research Laboratory Invention Person: Yasushi Koga, Hitachi, Ltd. Central Research Laboratory, 1-280 Higashi-Koigakubo, Kokubunji City, Hitachi, Ltd. 0 Author: Seko Seko, Hitachi, Ltd. Central Research Laboratory, 1-280 Higashi-Koigakubo, Kokubunji City

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1、発光ダイオードを光源とする送光器および、その発
光に対し感度を有する受光器の少なくとも一対を有し、
少なくとも送光器は所定の指向性を有し、照射された光
が標的によって反射される反射光を受光器で検知し、こ
の受光器の信号によって標的の有無を判別する安全装置
。 2、特許請求の範囲第1項記載の安全装置において、前
記送光器および、受光器の光学系は鋭い指向性を有し、
発光ダイオードの照射された光と受光器の方向とが同期
されて走査されることを特徴とする安全装置。 3、%許請求の範囲第2項記載の安全装置において、前
記送光器および、受光器の組を複数個有し、且つ前記複
数個の送光器の各照射された光が同一方向とならない走
査を行なうことを特徴さする安全装置。 4、%許請求の範囲第1項記載の安全装置において、前
配送光器は少なくとも2個有し、各送光器の指向性は扇
形となし且その発光波長を互いに異にし設けられること
を特徴とする安全装置。
[Claims] 1. At least one pair of a light transmitter using a light emitting diode as a light source and a light receiver sensitive to the light emitted from the light transmitter,
A safety device in which at least the light transmitter has a predetermined directivity, a light receiver detects the reflected light of the irradiated light reflected by the target, and the presence or absence of the target is determined based on the signal from the light receiver. 2. In the safety device according to claim 1, the optical systems of the light transmitter and the light receiver have sharp directivity,
A safety device characterized in that the light emitted from a light emitting diode and the direction of a light receiver are scanned in synchronization. 3.% Allowance The safety device according to claim 2 has a plurality of sets of the light transmitter and the light receiver, and the light emitted from each of the plurality of light transmitters is directed in the same direction. A safety device characterized in that it performs scanning that does not occur. 4. Permissible scope of claims The safety device according to claim 1 has at least two pre-distributing light transmitters, each light transmitter having a fan-shaped directivity and having different emission wavelengths. Features safety equipment.
JP57124448A 1982-07-19 1982-07-19 Safety device Pending JPS5824876A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57124448A JPS5824876A (en) 1982-07-19 1982-07-19 Safety device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57124448A JPS5824876A (en) 1982-07-19 1982-07-19 Safety device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5824876A true JPS5824876A (en) 1983-02-14

Family

ID=14885762

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP57124448A Pending JPS5824876A (en) 1982-07-19 1982-07-19 Safety device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5824876A (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59203975A (en) * 1983-05-06 1984-11-19 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Light radar device for vehicle
JPS6042982U (en) * 1983-08-31 1985-03-26 矢崎総業株式会社 Inter-vehicle distance measuring device
JPS62199686U (en) * 1986-06-09 1987-12-19
CN101850846A (en) * 2010-05-06 2010-10-06 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 Intelligent laser device for positively avoiding flyer and method thereof for avoiding flyer
JP2014517921A (en) * 2011-05-11 2014-07-24 レッダーテック インコーポレイテッド Multi-field scannerless optical rangefinder under bright ambient background light
US10488492B2 (en) 2014-09-09 2019-11-26 Leddarttech Inc. Discretization of detection zone

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59203975A (en) * 1983-05-06 1984-11-19 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Light radar device for vehicle
JPH0585878B2 (en) * 1983-05-06 1993-12-09 Nissan Motor
JPS6042982U (en) * 1983-08-31 1985-03-26 矢崎総業株式会社 Inter-vehicle distance measuring device
JPS62199686U (en) * 1986-06-09 1987-12-19
CN101850846A (en) * 2010-05-06 2010-10-06 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 Intelligent laser device for positively avoiding flyer and method thereof for avoiding flyer
JP2014517921A (en) * 2011-05-11 2014-07-24 レッダーテック インコーポレイテッド Multi-field scannerless optical rangefinder under bright ambient background light
US10488492B2 (en) 2014-09-09 2019-11-26 Leddarttech Inc. Discretization of detection zone

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