JPS58216750A - Waste material crushing installation - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to waste crushing equipment.

Among the garbage discharged from general households, crushing equipment is used to crush incombustible materials such as empty cans and bottles that are not suitable for incineration, as well as bulky garbage such as refrigerators and televisions (hereinafter referred to as waste). , a crusher with a rotary hammer is provided. By the way, the waste to be thrown into the crusher is once carried into the processing facility from a garbage truck, and then thrown from the garbage truck directly or via a crane onto a loading conveyor. is put into the crusher. However, some waste products place a heavy burden on the crusher, such as refrigerators and washing machines.

If there are televisions, etc., and after these items are thrown into the crusher, other empty cans, empty bottles, etc., exceeding a certain amount, are continuously thrown in, the drive motor of the crusher will be overloaded. It stops.

Thus, once the crusher has stopped, in order to restart it, the trapped waste must be removed, and restarting therefore requires considerable effort and time.

Therefore, conventionally, an operator manually controlled the speed of the conveyor while monitoring the status of the input port of the crusher on a television in the control room, thereby controlling the amount of waste input into the crusher. However, its control requires skill,
Currently, it is difficult to control the crusher properly, and the crusher often has to stop due to overload. Incidentally, if the capacity of the crusher is sufficiently increased, the above-mentioned drawbacks can be overcome to some extent, but problems remain in terms of equipment costs and operating costs.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a waste crushing equipment that can eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks without increasing the capacity of the crusher. In a waste crushing facility having a crusher having a rotary hammer and an inlet conveyor for carrying waste into the crusher, a detector for detecting the size of the waste is installed in a horizontal receiving hopper of the inlet conveyor. a confirmation device for confirming passage of the waste detected by the detector near the end of the skirt of the rising slope of the carry-in conveyor; a current detector for detecting the load current value of the electric motor; An automatic control device is installed that receives signals from the detector, confirmation device, and current detector to judge the load condition inside the crusher, and controls the speed of the loading conveyor according to the load condition. be.

According to this configuration, since the amount of waste thrown into the crusher is automatically controlled, it is possible to prevent stoppage troubles due to operator's erroneous operation, etc., and stable continuous operation is possible.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 8. First, the outline of the waste treatment facility will be explained based on FIG. (1) is the girder crane placed on the ceiling of the building, (2) is the bucket), (3) is the delivery conveyor that carries the waste into the crusher (4), and the horizontal part (8a) and a rising slope portion (8b). Waste receiving hoppers (5) are provided on both sides of the horizontal part (8a) cD, and the rising slope part (8b)
Skirts (6) are provided on both sides of the container to prevent waste from falling. The crusher (4) has a rotary hammer (9) rotatably driven by an electric motor (8) in its main body (7), and the above-mentioned carry-in conveyor ( 3) Waste from the main body (7)
An input hopper 00 is installed to guide the inside. Q
υ is a conveyor for discharging crushed waste provided below the main body (7).

Therefore, the waste (A) inputted into the receiving hopper (6) directly from the garbage truck (2) or via the crane (1) is transferred to the crusher (4) via the conveyor (3).
After being crushed, the size of the waste to be fed into the crusher (4) is transferred to the receiving conveyor (3) and the hopper (5). A detector for detection is installed, and a carry-in conveyor (
3), the above-mentioned detector (
Malfunctions of the seagulls and rising slopes of the waste conveyor (ab
A checker 04 is provided to determine the presence or absence of slippage that occurs during conveyance and to confirm the passage.Furthermore, in order to grasp the load condition of the crusher (4), a checker 04 is installed to detect the load current of the electric motor (8). A current detector OQ is provided. and,
The above detector 01, confirmer Q4 and current detector αQ are as follows:
It is connected to an automatic control device (not shown), which controls the speed of the input conveyor (3). Here, the above-mentioned detector 0 will be explained based on FIG. 2 and FIG. (referred to as a detector) (18a) (18b), and a transmitter (18a)
is arranged on one side wall (5a) of the receiving hopper (5), and the receiver (18b) is arranged on the other side wall (5b). The detector Of is 8 in the height direction.
A total of six sets are arranged in a staggered manner, one pair each in the transport direction. Therefore, for example, if the mounting interval of each detector α1 is set to the distance shown in FIG. 2, in the height direction,
800-500rrm, 50()-700mm, 7
This means that eight types of sizes can be determined: 00 mm or more. In addition, the length in the conveyance direction is the length of the loading conveyor (3
) and the detection time of the detector (2), it is calculated within the automatic control device. The reason why a pair of detectors 03 at each height is provided in the front and back is to ensure the determination of the shape, and the reason why the detectors 01 are arranged in a staggered manner is to This is done in consideration of the spread of the ultrasonic signal emitted from (18a) and to avoid any influence on the adjacent detector (to). Next, the above-mentioned confirmer Q→ will be explained based on FIG.
Similarly, multiple sets (8 sets in this example) of ultrasonic transmitters and receivers (hereinafter simply referred to as confirmers) (, t+a)
04b), each of which is provided facing the skirts (6) on both sides of the carry-in conveyor (3), and a detector 03
Similarly, there are eight levels in the height direction. and,
Further, the mounting positions of these eight confirmers in the transport direction of 0 fathom are arranged so as to approach the input hopper OQ of the crusher (4) from the upper stage to the lower stage. The reason is that the wlib machine (
This is because deceleration in step 8) is started, so if the length in the transport direction is the same, it is necessary to start deceleration as quickly as possible for objects with a large height dimension.

Next, the control operation will be explained. The waste thrown into the horizontal section (8a) of the conveyor is detected by the detector (2).
) signal, the duration of this signal, and the input conveyor (3
), its magnitude is calculated by the automatic controller. Further, this automatic control device calculates the time for this waste (2) to arrive at the checker 04 provided on the skirt (6), and within a certain error range of this calculated value, the checker Q
4, and if the time it takes to pass is equivalent to the size of the waste, it is confirmed that it is the waste (A), and at the same time a deceleration signal is sent to the carry-in conveyor (3). In addition,
The speed reduction is made according to the size of the waste (g). When large waste (4) is thrown into the crusher (4), the load current of the electric motor (8) increases rapidly, but this load current value is sent to the automatic control device via the current detector O-sieve. It is constantly taken in, and the average current value for one minute is calculated here.

Now, compare the load current value and the rated current value of the electric motor (8), and if this comparison value is a certain value (- or more) and a deceleration signal for the carry-in conveyor (3) is issued, the crusher (
4) Judging that there is waste trapped inside, the above 1.
Freeze the average current value for minutes. If the subsequent load current value falls below a certain ratio (b) compared to the above-mentioned frozen average current value, the above-mentioned average current value is unfrozen, and at the same time a speed increase signal is sent to the incoming conveyor (3). out,
The speed is increased to a speed determined by the correlation between the load current value and the speed of the carry-in conveyor (3). However, if a deceleration signal is issued again when it is detected that a heavy burden of waste has been transported, the deceleration signal takes priority over the speed increase signal. By the way, the correlation between the speed of the carry-in conveyor (3) and the load current value of the crusher (4) is that the load current value of the carry-in conveyor (3) is ) and the average current value of the load current value of the motor (8) for one minute, and the proportionality constant and the above α and β are set manually from the setting section in the automatic control device. It is possible to set the Therefore, if the load condition is light, the speed of the carry-in conveyor (3) is high, and if the load condition is heavy, the speed of the carry-in conveyor (3) is slow.

As described above, according to the waste treatment equipment of the above embodiment,
Even if large pieces of waste such as refrigerators and televisions are placed on the carry-in conveyor, the speed of the carry-in conveyor is automatically reduced by feedforward control before being thrown into the crusher, thereby controlling the amount of waste thrown in. In addition, when crushing is completed and the load force S becomes lighter, the speed of the incoming conveyor is automatically increased by feedback control, thereby preventing stoppage troubles caused by operator operations, etc., and ensuring stable continuous operation. In addition, since the load condition of the crusher and the speed of the conveyor are correlated, the optimal amount of waste is always fed into the crusher, so it can be processed efficiently with the minimum necessary capacity. Easy to drive and economical.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall configuration, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a carry-in conveyor section, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along the arrow I in FIG. (3) Loading conveyor, (8a) Horizontal section, (
8b)... Rising slope part, (4)... Crusher, (
5)...Accepting hopper, (6)...Skirt, (
7)...Crushing machine main body, (8)...Electric motor, (9)...
・Rotary hammer, 03...detector, (141...
Confirmation device, 0 o'clock... Current detector agent Yoshihiro Morimoto

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a waste crushing facility that has a crusher having a rotary hammer that is rotationally driven by a fil motor, and an input conveyor that carries the waste into the crusher, the waste is transferred to the horizontal receiving hopper of the input conveyor. A detector is provided to detect the size of the object, and a confirmation device is provided near the end of the skirt of the rising slope of the conveyor to confirm the passage of the waste detected by the detector, and the load current value of the motor is A current detector is provided to detect the current, and the signals from the detector, the confirmation device, and the current detector are received to determine the load condition inside the crusher, and the speed of the loading conveyor is adjusted according to the load condition. Waste crushing processing equipment characterized by being equipped with an automatic control device.