JPS58127387A - High efficiency solar battery - Google Patents
High efficiency solar batteryInfo
- Publication number
- JPS58127387A JPS58127387A JP57009847A JP984782A JPS58127387A JP S58127387 A JPS58127387 A JP S58127387A JP 57009847 A JP57009847 A JP 57009847A JP 984782 A JP984782 A JP 984782A JP S58127387 A JPS58127387 A JP S58127387A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- solar cell
- solar battery
- constituted
- mixed crystal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052695 Americium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000272201 Columbiformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/06—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/068—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the potential barriers being only of the PN homojunction type, e.g. bulk silicon PN homojunction solar cells or thin film polycrystalline silicon PN homojunction solar cells
- H01L31/0687—Multiple junction or tandem solar cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/544—Solar cells from Group III-V materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/547—Monocrystalline silicon PV cells
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、多層へテロ接合構造太陽電池に関し、特に各
暦学導体材料の禁止帯幅、格子定数の最適化をはかるこ
とにより光電に換効率を高めた高効率太陽電池に関する
ものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a solar cell with a multilayer heterojunction structure, and in particular to a high-efficiency solar cell that increases the photoelectric conversion efficiency by optimizing the forbidden band width and lattice constant of each ephemeris conductor material. It is related to.
従来の太陽電池の多くは、例えば第1図(4)に示すよ
うに、81 、 GaAmの同一材料からなるpn接合
構造/で構成されていた。これらの単一半導体を用いて
いる限りは、太陽光エネルギーを有効利用できず、特に
半導体の禁止帯幅より低エネルギーの光は太陽電池内に
おける光起電力発生に寄与し得す、光電変換効率はSi
において8〜8%、 GaAsにおいて、27− x%
が限界である等の欠点があった。Most conventional solar cells have been constructed with a pn junction structure made of the same material, eg, GaAm, as shown in FIG. 1 (4), for example. As long as these single semiconductors are used, solar energy cannot be used effectively, and in particular, light with energy lower than the forbidden band width of the semiconductor can contribute to the generation of photovoltaic power within the solar cell, resulting in low photoelectric conversion efficiency. is Si
8-8% in GaAs, 27-x% in GaAs
There were drawbacks such as limitations.
また、第1図(B)に示すように、太陽光に対するスペ
クトル感度帯域を拡大し、高効率化をはかる目的で、G
1゜aAjo、zAlのpn接合コを有する上部太陽電
池3とGaAaのpnn接合側有する下部太陽電池jと
をGa a。、AI、、ム―のpn接合からなるトンネ
ル接合≦を介して接続した太陽電池も提案されている。In addition, as shown in Figure 1 (B), in order to expand the spectral sensitivity band to sunlight and improve efficiency,
1°aAjo, zAn upper solar cell 3 having a pn junction side of Al and a lower solar cell j having a pnn junction side of GaAa are Ga a. , AI, , Mu - solar cells connected via tunnel junctions ≦ consisting of p-n junctions have also been proposed.
しかし、この太陽電池においては、上部太陽電池3およ
び下部太陽電池jの構成材料Ga o。。AI。、@
A aおよびGaAsの格子定数整合−の最適化ははか
られているものの、これら構成材料の禁止帯幅が各々/
、≦j・■および/。#J@Vであるため、太陽光スペ
クトルの内/、り3・■よりも低エネルギーの光は太陽
電池内における光起電力発生に寄与し得す、従って太陽
光エネルギーを有効利用できず々光電変換効率は理論的
にも釣〃弧、実験上でも75%と低いなどの欠点があっ
た。However, in this solar cell, the constituent material of the upper solar cell 3 and the lower solar cell j is Ga o. . A.I. ,@
Although efforts have been made to optimize the lattice constant matching of A and GaAs, the forbidden band widths of these constituent materials are
, ≦j・■ and /. #J@V, therefore, the light with lower energy than / within the sunlight spectrum can contribute to the generation of photovoltaic power in the solar cell, so the solar energy cannot be used effectively. The photoelectric conversion efficiency was low both theoretically and experimentally at 75%.
本発明は、これらの欠点を除去するためになされたもの
で、その目的は、多層へテロ接合構造太陽電池において
、各暦学導体材料の禁止帯幅および格子定数の最適化を
はかることにより、太陽光に対するスペクトル感度帯域
を拡大させた高効率の太陽電池を提供することにある。The present invention was made to eliminate these drawbacks, and its purpose is to optimize the forbidden band width and lattice constant of each ephemeris conductor material in a multilayer heterojunction structure solar cell. The object of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient solar cell with an expanded spectral sensitivity band for light.
かかる目的を達成するために、本発明では、ImP単結
晶基板上に混晶半導体Ga t7I IIyA l 1
−x P N(y=O,≦〜O,デ、 、=o)〜o、
t>から成るpn接合による下部太陽電池を構成し、混
晶半導体1n、−x)J、As(x=0.ダ〜0.8)
から威る一烏接合により上部太陽電池を構成し、該上部
太陽電池と前記下部太陽電池とを前記混晶半導体Ga
+ 、、7I m yA m 1−s Pgまたは11
11−x Aj !A−のシンネ#接合で接続したこと
を特徴とする。In order to achieve such an object, the present invention provides a mixed crystal semiconductor Ga t7I IIyA l 1 on an ImP single crystal substrate.
-x P N(y=O, ≦~O, de, ,=o)~o,
The lower solar cell is composed of a pn junction consisting of a mixed crystal semiconductor 1n, -x) J, As (x = 0.~0.8).
An upper solar cell is constructed by a one-row junction formed from the above, and the upper solar cell and the lower solar cell are connected to the mixed crystal semiconductor Ga
+ ,,7I m yA m 1-s Pg or 11
11-x Aj! It is characterized by being connected with an A- shin # joint.
以下に図面を参照しながら、実施例を用いて本発明の詳
細な説明するが、かかる実施例は本発明の例示に過ぎず
、本発明の範囲内で種々の改良や変形があり得ることは
勿論である。The present invention will be described in detail below using examples with reference to the drawings, but these examples are merely illustrative of the present invention, and it is understood that various improvements and modifications may be made within the scope of the present invention. Of course.
第−回国は、本発明に係る太陽電池の基本構成を示す。The third country shows the basic configuration of the solar cell according to the present invention.
ここで、n(またはp)形InP単結晶基板//上に混
晶半導体G& +、l1lyA I 41PKの組成y
−0,4〜0.9 、 s == 0.2〜0.1から
成るn(またはp)層/2およびp(n)層/3をヘテ
ロエピタキシャル成長させてpn7合から成る下部太陽
電池/ダを構成する。p(またはn)形Ga 、−yI
n、Am 1−、PSI f@ /j上に混よびn(
またはp )層14の各々膜厚10OOA以下の薄層の
トンネル接合17を形成し、このトンネル接合/7によ
り上部太陽電池/lと下部太陽電池l#とを接続する。Here, the composition y of the mixed crystal semiconductor G& +, l1lyA I 41PK on the n (or p) type InP single crystal substrate //
-0.4 to 0.9, s == 0.2 to 0.1 by heteroepitaxially growing an n (or p) layer/2 and a p(n) layer/3 to form a lower solar cell consisting of a pn7 combination. Configure da. p (or n) form Ga, -yI
n, Am 1-, PSI f@ /j and n(
or p) A thin tunnel junction 17 having a film thickness of 10OOA or less is formed in each of the layers 14, and the upper solar cell /l and the lower solar cell l# are connected by this tunnel junction /7.
上部太陽電池/Iは混晶半導体I n 1−xAj x
A−の組成x x 00II NO,uから成るn(ま
たはp)層/?およびp(またはn)層〃をヘテロエピ
タキシャル成長させて得たpm11合から成る太陽電池
で構成する。上述のへチルエピタキシャル成長に関して
は、Ga、、In、Am、−、Pg層は液相エピタキシ
ャル法で’ ”1−xAlxAs層は分子線エピタキシ
ャル法で作製できるが、気相エピタキシャル法でも実施
できる。Upper solar cell/I is a mixed crystal semiconductor I n 1-xAj x
Composition of A- x x 00II n (or p) layer consisting of NO, u/? and a p (or n) layer formed by heteroepitaxial growth. Regarding the above-mentioned hetyl epitaxial growth, the Ga, In, Am, -, and Pg layers can be formed by liquid phase epitaxial method, and the 1-xAlxAs layer can be formed by molecular beam epitaxial method, but vapor phase epitaxial method can also be used.
p(またはn)形I r* 1−xAjxAm MI
Jにおける表面再結合の影響を軽減する必要のある場合
には、第一図(2)に示すように、P(またはn)形r
n、、、xAjxAs層Xの表面に高エネルギー禁止帯
幅半導体から成る窺材料層1をヘテロエピタキシャル成
長させれば良い。p (or n) type I r* 1-xAjxAm MI
When it is necessary to reduce the effect of surface recombination in J, as shown in Figure 1 (2), P (or n) type r
A material layer 1 made of a high-energy bandgap semiconductor may be heteroepitaxially grown on the surface of the n,...xAjxAs layer X.
更に、表面層電極として格子状電極nを層X亥たはl上
に形成し、結晶基板l/の裏面に電極ntt形成するこ
とにより、I n、−xAlxAsの上部太陽電池/I
とGa t71 ayAs 1.、−z Pzの下部太
陽電池/ヂとをFンネル接合17により接続した太陽電
池が得られる。Furthermore, by forming a lattice electrode n as a surface layer electrode on the layer X or l, and forming an electrode ntt on the back surface of the crystal substrate l/, an
and Ga t71 ayAs 1. , -z A solar cell is obtained in which the lower solar cells/di of Pz are connected by an F-tunnel junction 17.
本実施例の高効率太陽電池においては、上部太陽電池/
Iおよび下部太陽電池/#を構成する混晶半導体材料I
nl−xAjxAmおよびGa 17I !1yA1
1P 11の禁止帯幅が各々ムダ〜/、9・■および0
.l〜ノ、コ・Vであり、太陽光3に対するスペクトル
感度帯域の拡大がはかられており、理想的な太陽電池材
料の禁止帯幅の組合せ/、42 eV / 0,91
eVを包含し、光電変換効率は〃〜It?%に達する。In the high efficiency solar cell of this example, the upper solar cell/
Mixed crystal semiconductor material I constituting I and lower solar cell/#
nl-xAjxAm and Ga17I! 1yA1
1P 11 prohibited band widths are waste~/, 9, ■, and 0
.. The spectral sensitivity band for sunlight 3 is expanded, and the combination of the bandgap of ideal solar cell materials is /,42 eV/0,91
Including eV, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is ~It? reach %.
また、本発明高効率太陽電池を構成するI nt−xA
l xAl。In addition, Int-xA constituting the high-efficiency solar cell of the present invention
lxAl.
Ga1−yI与A1−z PzおよびInP単結晶基板
の格子定数の整合も極めて良い特長を有する。上部太陽
電池材料・I n 1−xAjxAmと下部太陽電池材
料Ga 、−yInyAs 、−、Pgとの格子定数の
不整合率はO,/−以下と低く、ミスフィツト転位の発
生がはとんどなく、上部太陽電池内のキャリヤ収集効率
低下を抑制でき、界面再結合速度はt12/set以下
にでき、界面におけるキャリヤ収集効率低下も抑制でき
、高効率化を達成できる。ImP単結晶基板と下部太陽
電池材料G& t 7Ill yA1−、Pgとの格子
定数の不整合率も0.0!1%以下と格子整合が極めて
良< 、’& 1.7I n yAl 1−I P1層
内におけるミスフィツト転位の発生がなく、下部太陽電
池内のキャリヤ収集効率低下を抑制でき、高効率化を太
陽電池の禁止帯幅、格子定数の最適化がなされており、
従来の太陽電池に比べて高効率化を達成できる。The lattice constant matching between Ga1-yI, A1-z Pz and InP single crystal substrates is also very good. The mismatch rate of lattice constants between the upper solar cell material I n 1-xAjxAm and the lower solar cell material Ga, -yInyAs, -, Pg is as low as O,/- or less, and misfit dislocations hardly occur. , it is possible to suppress a decrease in carrier collection efficiency in the upper solar cell, the interfacial recombination rate can be lower than t12/set, it is also possible to suppress a decrease in carrier collection efficiency at the interface, and high efficiency can be achieved. The lattice constant mismatch rate between the ImP single crystal substrate and the lower solar cell material G&t7IllyA1-,Pg is also 0.0!1% or less, which is an extremely good lattice match. There is no occurrence of misfit dislocations in the P1 layer, suppressing the decline in carrier collection efficiency in the lower solar cell, and optimizing the forbidden band width and lattice constant of the solar cell to increase efficiency.
Higher efficiency can be achieved compared to conventional solar cells.
以上の実施例においては、上部太陽電池/lと下部太陽
電池/ヂとを接続するトンネル接合/2の構成材料とし
て上部太陽電池材料の混晶半導体I r* 1−xAj
xム畠を用いた結果をもとに説明したが、下部太陽電
池材料の混晶半導体G & 171 RyA l 11
PZをトンネル接合17の構成材料に用いることもでき
、その場合には光吸収損失を低減するためにトンネル1
帽1層化をはかれば良い。In the above embodiment, the mixed crystal semiconductor I r* 1-xAj of the upper solar cell material is used as the constituent material of the tunnel junction /2 that connects the upper solar cell /l and the lower solar cell /di.
Although the explanation was based on the results using xmuhata, the mixed crystal semiconductor G & 171 RyA l 11 of the lower solar cell material
PZ can also be used as the constituent material of the tunnel junction 17, in which case the tunnel 1
All you have to do is make the hat one layer.
以上説明したように、本発明の高効率太陽電池は、上部
太陽電池および下部太陽電池の禁止帯−1格子定数の最
適化がなされ、太陽光に対するスペクトル感度帯域が拡
大されているので、従来の太陽電池に比べて高効率であ
るなどの利点を有する。As explained above, in the high-efficiency solar cell of the present invention, the forbidden band-1 lattice constant of the upper solar cell and the lower solar cell is optimized, and the spectral sensitivity band for sunlight is expanded. It has advantages such as high efficiency compared to solar cells.
第1図(4)お上び偉)は従来の太陽電池の構成例を示
す断面図、第2図(4)およびω)は本発明に係る高効
率太陽電池の一例を示す断面図である。
ハ・・ホモpn接合、 コ・・・Ga。、@AI
O,t” pnn会合3・・・上部太陽電池、 参
・・・GmAs pn接合、j・・・下部太陽電池、
t −−−Ga0.、AI、、、A−トンネル接合、/
/・・・n (p)形InP単結晶基板、/コ−n(p
)形Ga、−,In、As 、−、Pg層、/J−p(
n)形Ga、−、In、As、−、Pz層、/ヂ・・・
下部太陽電池、
/j ・・・高不純物゛濃度添加p+(n+)形I n
+ −、ムjxA@層、/ト・・高不純物濃度添加−
(p+)形1 m 、−、Aj xAs層、17・・・
トンネル接合、/I・・・上部太陽電池、/!・・・n
(p)形In、−xAJxAs層、X) −p(n)形
I n 、−xAjxA s層、1・・・牛導体室材料
、 n・・・格子状電極、n・・・裏面電極、
2グ・・・太陽光。
特許出願人 日本電信電話公社
へ鳩1
区
!−一FIG. 1 (4) and ω) are cross-sectional views showing an example of the configuration of a conventional solar cell, and FIG. 2 (4) and ω) are cross-sectional views showing an example of a high-efficiency solar cell according to the present invention. . C...Homo pn junction, C...Ga. , @AI
O,t'' pnn association 3...Top solar cell, Reference...GmAs pn junction, j...Bottom solar cell, t ---Ga0., AI, , A-tunnel junction, /
/...n(p) type InP single crystal substrate, /co-n(p
) type Ga, -, In, As, -, Pg layer, /J-p (
n) Ga, -, In, As, -, Pz layer, /di...
Lower solar cell, /j...high impurity concentration doped p+(n+) type I n
+ -, MjxA@ layer, /t... high impurity concentration addition -
(p+) type 1 m, -, Aj x As layer, 17...
Tunnel junction, /I...Top solar cell, /! ...n
(p) type In, -xAJxAs layer,
2g...sunlight. Patent applicant: 1 pigeon to Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Public Corporation! −1
Claims (1)
a 、−、Pg(y=o、t〜o、q 、 x =o、
2〜o、t )から成るpm接合による下部太陽電池を
構成し、混晶半導体”t−t”l’(x=0.II〜O
,U )から成るpn接合により上部太陽電池を構成し
、該上部太陽電池と前記下部太陽電池とを前記混晶半導
体Ga 17I nyAs <1PsまたはI m 1
−XAjxA−のトンネル接合で接続したことを特徴と
する高効率太陽電池。Mixed crystal semiconductor Ga, -yInyA on InP single crystal substrate
a, -, Pg(y=o, t~o, q, x=o,
The lower solar cell is composed of a pm junction consisting of a mixed crystal semiconductor "t-t"l' (x=0.II-O
, U ), and the upper solar cell and the lower solar cell are connected to the mixed crystal semiconductor Ga 17I nyAs <1Ps or I m 1
A high-efficiency solar cell characterized in that it is connected by a tunnel junction of -XAjxA-.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP57009847A JPS58127387A (en) | 1982-01-25 | 1982-01-25 | High efficiency solar battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP57009847A JPS58127387A (en) | 1982-01-25 | 1982-01-25 | High efficiency solar battery |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS58127387A true JPS58127387A (en) | 1983-07-29 |
JPS6214110B2 JPS6214110B2 (en) | 1987-03-31 |
Family
ID=11731517
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP57009847A Granted JPS58127387A (en) | 1982-01-25 | 1982-01-25 | High efficiency solar battery |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS58127387A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH02218174A (en) * | 1989-02-17 | 1990-08-30 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Photoelectric converting semiconductor device |
Families Citing this family (1)
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JPH0441206Y2 (en) * | 1985-12-03 | 1992-09-28 |
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1982
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH02218174A (en) * | 1989-02-17 | 1990-08-30 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Photoelectric converting semiconductor device |
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JPS6214110B2 (en) | 1987-03-31 |
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