JPS5811820B2 - Plant disease control methods - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for controlling plant diseases in which soil of a plant medium and plants growing in the soil are irradiated with light having a specific wavelength.

Conventionally, to control diseases of various plants such as agricultural crops and ornamental plants,
Pesticides are used exclusively, but as their usage increases, the toxicity and environmental pollution caused by pesticides on human stocks has become a social problem, and it is even said that their use must be discontinued or severely restricted. .

The present invention was made in view of such circumstances, and
As a result of various studies on the physiological characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in order to reduce dependence on pesticides in plant cultivation fields, it has been found that irradiation with light of a specific wavelength has a significant effect on spore formation of filamentous fungi that are associated with plant diseases. As a result of this knowledge and further study, we have completed the present invention.

The present invention has a wavelength range of 450 to 650 nanometers (lnm).
) is a method for controlling plant diseases by irradiating a plant medium and the plants growing in the medium with light in the range of The spore formation of the pathogenic fungi is significantly reduced.

The suitable wavelength varies slightly depending on the type of filamentous fungus, but it is suitable for agricultural products,
Most of the filamentous fungi that parasitize ornamental plants, etc.
The spore formation is inhibited by light irradiation in the wavelength range of 50 to 650 nm, thus making it possible to protect plants from diseases caused by the filamentous fungi.

Furthermore, even if a plant that has been irradiated with light in the specific wavelength range according to the present invention at night is irradiated with sunlight during the day, it is possible to prevent diseases caused by filamentous fungi.

The present invention will be explained below based on Examples.

Example 1 Sclerotinia-sclerotium, a pathogenic bacterium associated with Sclerotinia disease, which is an important disease of cucumbers, tomatoes, eggplants, Rex, strawberries, etc.
iorum) in sterile soil, 500 (±
50) After 35 days of continuous irradiation from 6 pm to 8 am the next morning using a lamp that irradiates nanometer light, asciform formation (spore formation) was investigated, and the non-irradiated soil was compared. I asked for materials.

The results are shown in Table 1. As shown in the table above, ascus formation was observed in all of the test sclerotia in the control non-irradiated area, whereas germination of sclerotia was observed in the light-irradiated area.
The ascus disk did not open at all.

This means that in the cultivation of crops such as cucumbers, tomatoes, and eggplants mentioned above, in areas without light irradiation, there will be frequent occurrences of sclerotia, whereas in areas irradiated with light, there will be no occurrence of sclerotinia. was inferred.

As a result of the experiment, the above speculation was confirmed, and no occurrence of Sclerotinia disease was observed in the cucumbers and tomatoes grown in the soil.

Example 2 Rice blast fungus Piricularia oryzae, rice sesame leaf blight fungus Helmintosporium oryzae
thos-porium 0ryzae), tomato rot fungus Alter 3 (Atternari)
a 5olani) and the green pepper black mold fungus Stemphylium botryosm.
ryosum) into a PDA medium (medium made by mixing 11 parts of water with 200 g of pureed potatoes, 20 g of glucose, and 15 g of agar), transferred to a glass-lined 25°C incubator, and incubated continuously for 14 hours from 6:00 pm to 8:00 the next morning. 600 (±
50) Using a lamp that irradiates light beams, the samples were irradiated for 15 days and compared with the case without irradiation by microscopic observation.

The results are shown in Table 2. As shown in the table above, bacterial growth is good in both the irradiated and non-irradiated areas, but they are completely different in terms of spore formation: in the former, no spore formation was observed in any of the test bacteria, but in the latter, all spore formation was observed. Formation was observed.

This means that when cultivating rice, tomatoes, peppers, etc., if 450-650 nm light is irradiated at night, the test bacteria will not cause disease in the respective crops.
In fact, no onset of illness was observed.

As described above, the irradiation of the specific wavelength light according to the present invention completely prevents spore formation of various filamentous fungi in soil and plants grown in the soil, so it can prevent plant diseases, especially filamentous fungi, without using pesticides. This makes it possible to prevent the onset of illness caused by.

In particular, the present invention is extremely effective when applied to greenhouse horticulture of vegetables, red flowers, etc., greenhouse seedling raising of various crops, etc., and has many advantages in saving labor, preventing environmental pollution, and supplying clean food. It is something that you have.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for controlling plant diseases, which comprises irradiating the soil of a plant medium and the plants growing in the soil with light in the wavelength range of 450 to 650 nm at night to prevent spore formation of filamentous fungi.