JPH1180749A - Separation of oil and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To separate misty oil in a hot gas by introducing a hot gas generated in a gas generation source into a primary flow-down pipe, condensing high- boiling components, allowing the condensed liquid to flow down and discharging the non-condensed gas. SOLUTION: A hot gas generated in a gas generation source G is introduced into a primary flow-down pipe 11 to descend the hot gas and condense the high-boiling components in the hot gas by setting the inner temperature of the primary flow-down pipe. The condensed liquid is allowed to flow down along the primary flow-down pipe 11. The non-condensed gas is introduced into a riser pipe 14, the high-boiling components existing inner non-condensed gas are condensed by setting the in the temperature of the riser pipe 14 and the condensed liquid is allowed to flow down along the riser pipe 14 and discharged from the system.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for separating oil, and more particularly to a technique for separating mist-like oil contained in high-temperature gas.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an example of coal gasification technology, Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-open No.
No. 62554, "Coal gasifier" has been proposed.
In this technology, mist-like oil generated from a gasification process of coal (or refuse) or the like is separated into high-boiling components and low-boiling components. By heating or cooling, a high-boiling component and a low-boiling component are separated.

[0003]

However, if a high boiling point component and a low boiling point component are to be separated by utilizing the difference in boiling points, the size of the separating apparatus becomes large. Further, the pyrolysis gas of garbage and coal contains a large amount of solid particles and the like, so that the structure of the separation device is complicated, and the maintainability thereof is reduced.

[0004] The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and has the following objects. The desired type of oil is separated by arbitrarily controlling the condensation temperature of the mist-like oil. Ensure that mist oil is condensed and collected. To simplify the structure of the separation device and increase economic efficiency. To improve the yield and separation efficiency of high boiling components and low boiling components. To enable the application of municipal waste to the gasification and melting process.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A technique for separating a plurality of types of condensed liquid by feeding high-temperature gas generated by a gas generating source in a pyrolysis or gasification process of refuse or coal to a plurality of stages of condensing means. Adopted. The high-temperature gas is led to the primary down-flow pipe in the primary condensing means to lower the high-temperature gas, and power is supplied from the power supply means in the temperature setting means to the heater around the primary down-flow pipe, thereby controlling the internal temperature of the primary down-flow pipe. The high-boiling point component in the high-temperature gas is set and condensed, and the condensate is allowed to flow down and stored in the high-boiling point liquid storage section. The non-condensed non-condensable gas separated from the high-boiling component is sent to the riser pipe via a forward rising inclined pipe which is in communication with the lower part of the primary downcomer pipe and rises, and rises. Of the condensate generated inside the riser pipe to the high boiling point liquid storage section via the riser pipe and the forward rising / falling inclined pipe. It is stored by flowing down, and the non-condensable gas is sent to the secondary condensing means. In the secondary condensing means, a secondary downflow pipe is disposed at an upper portion of the riser pipe via a forwardly-downward connecting pipe in a communicating state,
By cooling while lowering the non-condensable gas, low-boiling components are condensed, and the generated condensate flows down and is stored in the low-boiling liquid storage section. The non-condensable gas separated from the low-boiling component is sent to the riser pipe through a forward rising inclined pipe in a state of being communicated with the lower part of the secondary downflow pipe and rising forward, and is generated inside the riser pipe. The condensed liquid flows down to the low-boiling-point liquid storage section via the riser pipe and the forward-inclined pipe, and is stored in the low-boiling-point liquid storage section. The temperature setting means is provided inside the primary downcomer pipe and the riser pipe and detects a temperature in the pipe. The temperature sensor receives a detection signal of the temperature sensor, performs arithmetic processing based on the signal, and compares the signal with a desired set temperature. A temperature measuring unit for performing the temperature setting, a controller for setting a temperature based on a temperature comparison result in the temperature measuring unit, a power supply unit for supplying power based on an instruction from the controller, and a primary unit for supplying power from the power supply unit. And a heater for setting the internal temperature of the downflow pipe and the riser pipe.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, an embodiment of a method and an apparatus for separating oil according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral G denotes a gas generating source, P denotes a gas transfer pipe, 1 denotes primary condensing means, 2 denotes secondary condensing means, 3
Is a temperature setting means, 11 is a primary down pipe, 12 is a high boiling point component storage section, 13 is a forward rising inclined pipe, 14 is a riser pipe, 21
Is a forward-downward connecting pipe, 22 is a secondary downstream pipe, 23 is a low-boiling-point component storage section, 24 is a forward-inclined inclined pipe, 25 is a riser pipe,
1 is a temperature sensor, 32 is a temperature measuring unit, 33 is a controller, 34 is a power supply means, 35 is a heater, E is an exhaust gas treatment system, Q is a gas exhaust pipe, H is a high boiling liquid recovery system, and L is a low boiling liquid recovery. System.

The gas generating source G has a capability of generating and supplying or discharging a high-temperature gas such as a pyrolysis or gasification process of refuse or coal, etc. The condensed liquid is sent to the condensing means 1 and the secondary condensing means 2 to be separated and condensed to generate, store, and recover condensed liquid.

The primary condensing means 1 guides and descends a high-temperature gas, condenses high-boiling components in the high-temperature gas during the induction, generates a condensate, and flows down the condensate.
1, a high-boiling-point component storage unit 12 disposed at a lower end portion of the primary downflow pipe 11 for storing condensate, and a forward rise disposed in a communicating state and a forward rise state near a lower portion of the primary downflow pipe 11 A high-boiling component remaining in the non-condensable gas by inducing the non-condensable gas in a non-condensed state, which is disposed in communication with the inclined pipe 13 and the upper end of the inclined pipe 13 and is separated from the high-boiling component; Is condensed to generate a condensed liquid, and the condensed liquid flows down to the high-boiling-point component storage unit 12.

[0010] The secondary condensing means 2 includes a forward-downward connecting pipe 21 arranged in a state of communicating with the upper end of the riser pipe 14 and in a forward-downward state, and a non-condensable gas hot gas connected to the forward-downward connecting pipe 21. And a secondary down-flow pipe 22 for cooling the non-condensable gas and condensing the low-boiling components to produce a condensed liquid and flowing down the condensed liquid. Low-boiling-point component storage unit 23 for storing condensed liquid
And a forward-inclined pipe 24 arranged in a communicating state near the lower portion of the secondary downflow pipe 22 and in a front-up state, and arranged in a communicating state at an upper end portion of the forward-inclined pipe 24 to be separated from a low boiling point component. Riser pipe for inducing and raising the non-condensed gas in the non-condensed state, condensing low-boiling components remaining in the non-condensed gas to generate a condensed liquid, and flowing the condensed liquid down to the low-boiling-component storage unit 23 25.

The temperature setting means 3 is provided inside the primary downcomer pipe 11 and the riser pipe 14 and detects a temperature in the pipe. The temperature sensor 31 receives the detected temperature detection data and performs arithmetic processing to perform desired setting. A temperature measuring unit 32 for comparing with a temperature; a controller 33 for instructing temperature adjustment based on a temperature comparison result in the temperature measuring unit 32; and a power supply unit 34 for supplying power based on an instruction from the controller 33
And a heater 35 disposed around the primary downflow pipe 11 and the riser pipe 14 in a wound state, for example, and heating each pipe by power supply from the power supply means 34.

Next, the situation of oil separation by the oil separation device configured as described above will be described.

The gas (high-temperature gas) generated in the gas generating source G is supplied from the gas transfer pipe P to the primary down pipe 11 while maintaining a high temperature state of about 300 to 350 ° C. In the primary down pipe 11, the temperature setting means 3
When the internal temperature is set to, for example, 105 ° C., the high-temperature gas is gradually cooled in the primary downcomer 11 to promote liquefaction, and the high-boiling components contained in the high-temperature gas become mist (mist). And adheres to the inner wall of the primary downflow pipe 11 and flows down along the inner wall. When the internal temperature is 105 ° C., the liquid component is a condensed liquid (oil component) mainly composed of a high-boiling component having 5 to 16 or more carbon atoms, and flows down along the inner wall of the primary down pipe 11. Thus, it is stored in the high boiling point component storage unit 12. On the other hand, the non-condensed gas separated from the high-boiling components in the primary down-flow pipe 11 is fed into the riser pipe 14 via the forward-inclined pipe 13 as shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG. Ascends and is taken over by the secondary condensing means 2.

In the riser pipe 14, the temperature inside the pipe is set by the temperature setting means 3 so as to be the same as the internal temperature of the primary downstream pipe 11, and the riser pipe 14 cannot be separated completely in the primary downstream pipe 11. The high-boiling components remaining in the non-condensable gas are condensed here. The condensed liquid generated here flows down the inner wall of the riser pipe 14 like the primary down pipe 11, and then flows backward through the upwardly inclined pipe 13 to be stored in the high boiling point component storage section 12.

The non-condensed gas that has passed through the riser pipe 14 is guided to descend through the secondary downcomer pipe 22 through the forward descending connection pipe 21. When condensed liquid is generated inside the front-down connection pipe 21, it is removed by flowing down to the secondary down-flow pipe 22 due to its inclination. Secondary down pipe 22
Is set, for example, in a normal temperature atmosphere, and is set so that the temperature in the pipe becomes relatively and gradually lower than the internal temperatures of the primary downflow pipe 11 and the riser pipe 14.
For this reason, the non-condensable gas having a temperature of, for example, 105 ° C. is gradually cooled inside the secondary downcomer 22 to promote liquefaction, and the liquid component contained in the non-condensable gas becomes a mist. And is liquefied and adheres to the inner wall of the secondary downflow pipe 22. In this case, the liquid component is a low-boiling component condensate mainly composed of a gas component having 4 or less carbon atoms or water (steam), and flows down the inner wall of the secondary downflow pipe 22 to flow down. It is stored in the storage unit 23. On the other hand, the secondary down pipe 22
The non-condensed gas separated from the low-boiling components in the inside of the pipe is, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG.
, Is sent to the riser pipe 25 and rises, and is taken over by the exhaust gas treatment system E to perform necessary processing.

The riser pipe 25 is installed in a normal temperature atmosphere in the same manner as the secondary downflow pipe 22. The riser pipe 25 removes low boiling components remaining in the non-condensable gas that cannot be separated in the secondary downflow pipe 22 here. I try to condense. The condensate generated here is supplied to the riser pipe 25 similarly to the secondary downflow pipe 22.
The water flows down the inner wall of the tank and is stored in the low-boiling-point component storage unit 23.

A high-boiling component stored in the primary condensing means 1;
The low-boiling components stored in the secondary condensing means 2 are sent to the high-boiling liquid recovery system H and the low-boiling liquid recovery system L, respectively, as shown in FIG.

[Other Embodiments] (a) The primary condensing means 1 and the secondary condensing means 2 are installed in three or more stages, and a boiling point component of 100 ° C. or more is separated (separated) at a plurality of temperature settings. By increasing the number of types of oil separated. (B) providing a plurality of temperature setting means 3;
5. The oil separation efficiency is further improved by performing the temperature adjustment of 5 in a plurality of stages or in a temperature gradient state. (C) Depending on the characteristics of the oil to be condensed, the downcomer (1
1,2) and the diameter of the riser tubes (14,25) and the gas guiding distance.

[0019]

According to the method and the apparatus for separating oil according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. (1) By controlling the temperature of the primary down pipe and the riser pipe, the condensation temperature of the oil can be arbitrarily set, and the high-temperature gas can be separated into a desired type of oil. (2) The high-boiling components are condensed by passing through the primary down pipe and the riser pipe, and the low-boiling components are separated by passing through the secondary down pipe and the riser pipe, whereby the mist-like oil is reliably condensed. And can be collected. (3) By using a simple steel pipe and winding a heater around the steel pipe, the structure of the separation device can be simplified and the economy can be improved. (4) The high boiling point component is carried out in a tube whose condensing temperature is controlled, and the separation of the low boiling point component is carried out in a tube under normal temperature atmosphere, thereby improving the yield and separation efficiency of the high boiling point component and the low boiling point component. be able to. (5) From the above, application to the gasification melting process of municipal waste can be made possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a method and an apparatus for separating oil according to an embodiment of the present invention, together with a block diagram showing an embodiment thereof.

[Explanation of symbols]

 G Gas generating source P Gas transfer pipe 1 Primary condensing means 2 Secondary condensing means 3 Temperature setting means 11 Primary falling pipe 12 High boiling point component storage unit 13 Forward rising inclined pipe 14 Riser pipe 21 Forward falling connecting pipe 22 Secondary downstream Pipe 23 Low boiling point component storage section 24 Forward rising inclined pipe 25 Riser pipe 31 Temperature sensor 32 Temperature measuring section 33 Controller 34 Power supply means 35 Heater E Exhaust gas treatment system Q Gas exhaust pipe H High boiling point liquid recovery system L Low boiling point liquid recovery system

Claims (9)

[Claims] A method for separating a condensate from a high-temperature gas generated by a gas generating source (G), wherein the high-temperature gas is guided to a primary down pipe (11) to lower the high-temperature gas and to perform a primary down flow. An oil component characterized in that a high boiling point component in a high temperature gas is condensed by setting an internal temperature of a pipe, a condensate flows down along a primary down pipe, and a non-condensed gas is discharged from the primary down pipe. Separation method. 2. A non-condensable gas is guided to a riser pipe (14), and a high boiling point component contained in the non-condensable gas is condensed by setting an internal temperature of the riser pipe, and a condensate flows down along the riser pipe. 2. The method for separating oil according to claim 1, wherein the oil is collected. 3. The non-condensable gas is guided to a secondary down pipe (22) to be lowered, and the internal temperature of the secondary down pipe is set lower than the internal temperature of the primary down pipe (11). 3. The method for separating oil components according to claim 1, wherein the low-boiling components therein are condensed, the condensed liquid flows down along the secondary downcomer, and the non-condensable gas is discharged from the secondary downcomer. . 4. The method for separating oil according to claim 2, wherein the condensate flowing down the riser pipe (14, 25) is combined with the upstream condensate and recovered. 5. An apparatus for separating a condensed liquid from a high-temperature gas generated by a gas generating source (G), comprising: a primary condensing means (1) for lowering the high-temperature gas; Temperature setting means (3) for setting the temperature to condense the high-boiling components in the high-temperature gas;
A primary down pipe (1) for lowering the hot gas and flowing down the condensate
1) An oil separation device, wherein 1) is disposed. 6. The primary condensing means (1) comprises a primary downcomer (1).
The oil separation device according to claim 5, further comprising a riser pipe (14) connected to a lower part of (1) for raising and discharging the non-condensable gas. 7. A primary down pipe (11) and a riser pipe (1).
4), a front-inclined pipe (13) which is arranged in a front-up state and which condenses the condensate flowing down the riser pipe into the condensate flowing down the primary down-flow pipe is disposed in an interposed state. The oil separation device according to claim 6, wherein 8. A secondary condensing means (2) for condensing the non-condensable gas at a temperature lower than the condensing temperature of the high boiling point component is disposed downstream of the primary condensing means (1), and connected to the secondary condensing means. 8. The oil separating device according to claim 7, wherein the condensing means is provided with a front-down connecting pipe (21) communicating with an upper end of the riser pipe (14). 9. A temperature sensor (31) arranged on the primary condensing means (1) for detecting a temperature, wherein the temperature setting means (3) comprises:
A temperature measurement unit (32) that receives the detected temperature detection data and performs an arithmetic process to compare with a desired set temperature, and a controller (33) that instructs temperature adjustment based on the temperature comparison result at the thermometer side. ), A power supply means (34) for supplying power based on an instruction from the controller, and a heater (34) for setting the internal temperature of the primary downstream pipe (11) and the riser pipe (14) by supplying power from the power supply means. 35. The apparatus for separating oil according to claim 6, 7 or 8, comprising: