JPH11336251A - Column structure and reinforcing method of column - Google Patents
Column structure and reinforcing method of columnInfo
- Publication number
- JPH11336251A JPH11336251A JP14551398A JP14551398A JPH11336251A JP H11336251 A JPH11336251 A JP H11336251A JP 14551398 A JP14551398 A JP 14551398A JP 14551398 A JP14551398 A JP 14551398A JP H11336251 A JPH11336251 A JP H11336251A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sleeve wall
- column
- lower beams
- reinforcing material
- sleeve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000003014 reinforcing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009420 retrofitting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 210000003205 Muscles Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は柱構造および柱の補
強方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pillar structure and a method for reinforcing a pillar.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】現在、既存建物の耐震補強を行う場合、
居住者の日常生活や、通常の業務に影響を与えずに、居
住者が建物を使用しながら改修工事が行われることが多
くなっている。また、このような既存建物の耐震補強に
ついては、図９に示すように、上下の梁１８間の柱１９
に袖壁２０を形成し、該袖壁２０を上下の梁１８と柱１
９にアンカー筋２１で接合している。2. Description of the Related Art At present, when retrofitting an existing building with earthquake resistance,
In many cases, renovation works are performed by the resident while using the building without affecting the resident's daily life and ordinary work. As for the seismic reinforcement of such an existing building, as shown in FIG.
The sleeve wall 20 is formed on the upper and lower beams 18 and the pillars 1.
9 are joined to each other by an anchor bar 21.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、上記のような
既存建物における耐震補強は、生活者の居住空間におい
て大がかりな工事を長期間にわたって行うため、個人の
プライバシーが侵害されるなどの問題があった。また地
震などによる過大な荷重が建物に作用した場合、柱に取
り付けた袖壁は、上下梁側の端部が柱に先行して圧縮破
壊してしまうとともに、袖壁で接続された上下の梁も破
壊されるおそれがあった。However, the seismic retrofitting of existing buildings as described above involves large-scale construction work in the living space of the residents over a long period of time, and thus has a problem that personal privacy is violated. Was. When an excessive load is applied to the building due to an earthquake or the like, the end of the upper and lower beam side of the sleeve wall attached to the column is compressed and destroyed before the column, and the upper and lower beams connected by the sleeve wall are damaged. Could also be destroyed.
【０００４】本発明は上記のような問題に鑑みてなされ
たものであり、その目的は、上下の梁側の袖壁端部の圧
縮破壊と梁自体の破壊を防ぐとともに、耐震補強を短期
間に行うことである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and has as its object to prevent the compressive failure of the ends of the sleeve walls on the upper and lower beam sides and the failure of the beam itself, and to shorten the earthquake-resistant reinforcement for a short time. It is to do.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】以上の課題を達成するた
めの手段は、請求項１の発明が、上下の梁間の柱に袖壁
が設けられ、該袖壁が上下の梁と縁切り状態で、かつ袖
壁端部内に耐震補強材が埋設されたことを特徴とする。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fuel cell system comprising: a column between upper and lower beams; and a sleeve wall provided on a pillar between the upper and lower beams. In addition, the seismic retrofitting material is embedded in the end of the sleeve wall.
【０００６】請求項１の発明によれば、建物に過大な荷
重が作用した場合であっても、耐震補強材によって袖壁
端部の圧縮破壊が防げるとともに、袖壁が上下の梁と縁
切り状態であるため、上下の梁の破壊も防げる。According to the first aspect of the present invention, even if an excessive load is applied to the building, the seismic reinforcement can prevent the compressive failure of the end of the sleeve wall, and the sleeve wall is cut off by the upper and lower beams. Therefore, destruction of the upper and lower beams can be prevented.
【０００７】また請求項２の発明が、請求項１におい
て、前記耐震補強材は上下梁側の袖壁端部にだけ埋設さ
れたことを特徴とする。According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the seismic retrofitting material is buried only in the end portions of the sleeve walls on the upper and lower beams.
【０００８】請求項２の発明によれば、上下梁側の袖壁
端部だけを補強できるので、必要な箇所だけが補強でき
る。According to the second aspect of the present invention, only the end portions of the sleeve walls on the upper and lower beam sides can be reinforced, so that only necessary portions can be reinforced.
【０００９】また請求項３の発明が、請求項１におい
て、前記耐震補強材は上下梁間の袖壁端部の全長に埋設
されたことを特徴とする。According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the seismic retrofitting material is embedded in the entire length of the end of the sleeve wall between the upper and lower beams.
【００１０】請求項３の発明によれば、上下梁間の袖壁
端部の全長が補強されるので、端部全長の圧縮破壊を防
げる。According to the third aspect of the present invention, the entire length of the end of the sleeve wall between the upper and lower beams is reinforced, so that the entire length of the end can be prevented from compressive failure.
【００１１】また請求項４の発明が、請求項１、２、３
において、前記耐震補強材は、スパイラル状の鉄筋同士
が上下で密接して形成された筒体内に固化材が充填され
たものであることを特徴とする。[0011] The invention of claim 4 is the first, second, and third inventions.
In the above, the seismic retrofitting material is characterized in that a solidified material is filled in a cylindrical body in which spiral rebars are formed close to each other vertically.
【００１２】請求項４の発明によれば、スパイラル状の
鉄筋同士が上下で密接して形成された筒体内に固化材が
充填された耐震補強材は、袖壁端部の強度を増大させ
る。According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the seismic retrofitting material in which the solidifying material is filled in the cylindrical body in which the spiral rebars are closely formed in the vertical direction increases the strength of the end of the sleeve wall.
【００１３】また請求項５の発明が、既存柱の側面にア
ンカー筋を適宜間隔ごとに突設するとともに、該アンカ
ー筋にスパイラル状の割裂防止筋を配筋し、前記柱との
接続面に接合溝を有するプレキャスト製の袖壁を、前記
アンカー筋と割裂防止筋が接合溝内に収容されるように
既存柱の側面に当接させた後、前記接合溝内にモルタル
を注入したことを特徴とする。According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, an anchoring bar is provided at an appropriate interval on a side surface of an existing column, and a spiral splitting preventing bar is arranged on the anchoring bar, and a connecting surface with the column is provided. After contacting the precast sleeve wall having the joint groove with the side surface of the existing pillar so that the anchor streak and the split preventing bar are accommodated in the joint groove, the mortar was injected into the joint groove. Features.
【００１４】請求項５の発明によれば、プレキャスト製
の袖壁を既存柱の側面に接合したことにより、耐震補強
工事が短期間でかつ簡単に行える。According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the precast sleeve wall is joined to the side surface of the existing pillar, so that the seismic retrofitting can be performed in a short time and easily.
【００１５】請求項６の発明が、請求項５において、前
記モルタルは袖壁の上部から注入することを特徴とす
る。According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the fifth aspect, the mortar is injected from an upper portion of a sleeve wall.
【００１６】請求項６の発明によれば、接合溝内へのモ
ルタルの充填が容易に行えるとともに、接合溝内全体に
わたって万遍なく充填できる。According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the mortar can be easily filled in the joining groove, and the mortar can be uniformly filled in the entire joining groove.
【００１７】[0017]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面
に基づいて詳細に説明する。図１は袖壁付きの柱構造の
正面図、図２は図１のＡ−Ａ線断面図、図３は耐震補強
材の正面図である。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 is a front view of a pillar structure with a sleeve wall, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a front view of an earthquake-resistant reinforcing material.
【００１８】図１は上下の梁１間における柱２に袖壁３
を備えた柱構造を示し、袖壁３の梁側端部に耐震補強材
４が埋設されている。袖壁３はあらかじめ柱２に一体的
に構築されたものや、耐震補強のために後から柱２に取
り付けたものであり、柱２には接合されているが上下の
梁１とは縁切り状態である。FIG. 1 shows a pillar 2 between upper and lower beams 1 and a sleeve wall 3.
A seismic reinforcement member 4 is buried at the beam side end of the sleeve wall 3. The sleeve wall 3 is preliminarily constructed integrally with the pillar 2 or attached to the pillar 2 later for seismic reinforcement. The sleeve wall 3 is joined to the pillar 2 but is cut off from the upper and lower beams 1. It is.
【００１９】耐震補強材４は、図３に示すように、スパ
イラル状の鉄筋が上下で密接された筒体５内に高強度モ
ルタル等の固化材６が充填され、かつ底部にプレート７
を設けたものであり、袖壁端部のあばら筋８内に配設さ
れている。この耐震補強材４は、図４に示すように、圧
縮強度および圧縮靭性に優れているため袖壁端部の圧縮
破壊を防止して袖壁付き柱２の強度や靱性を向上させ
る。なお耐震補強材４は、上記のようなものに限らず、
単なるスパイラル筋であってもよい。As shown in FIG. 3, the seismic reinforcing member 4 is filled with a solidified material 6 such as high-strength mortar in a cylindrical body 5 in which spiral reinforcing bars are closely contacted at the top and bottom, and a plate 7 is provided at the bottom.
Provided in the stirrup 8 at the end of the sleeve wall. As shown in FIG. 4, the seismic reinforcing member 4 is excellent in compressive strength and compressive toughness, so that the end of the sleeve wall is prevented from compressive fracture and the strength and toughness of the column 2 with the sleeve wall are improved. The seismic reinforcement 4 is not limited to the above,
It may be a simple spiral muscle.
【００２０】また耐震補強材４を上下梁側の袖壁端部に
だけ埋設することにより、耐震補強の必要な箇所にだけ
効果的かつ経済的に配設できる。Further, by embedding the seismic reinforcement member 4 only at the end of the sleeve wall on the upper and lower beams, it is possible to effectively and economically dispose the seismic reinforcement member only at the place where the seismic reinforcement is required.
【００２１】図５は袖壁端部の全長にわたって耐震補強
材４を埋設した柱構造であり、この点を除いた他の構成
は上記の柱構造と同一の構成である。このように袖壁端
部の全長にわたって耐震補強材４を埋設したことによ
り、袖壁端部全長の強度を増大させることができる。FIG. 5 shows a pillar structure in which an anti-seismic reinforcing material 4 is buried over the entire length of the end of the sleeve wall. Except for this point, the other structure is the same as the above-described pillar structure. By embedding the earthquake-resistant reinforcing material 4 over the entire length of the end of the sleeve wall, the strength of the entire length of the end of the sleeve wall can be increased.
【００２２】次に、柱の補強方法を図６および図７に基
づいて説明する。まず袖壁９の接合により耐震補強され
た既存の柱１０（以下柱という）について説明し、その
後で柱の補強方法について説明する。Next, a method of reinforcing a column will be described with reference to FIGS. First, an existing column 10 (hereinafter, referred to as a column) reinforced by earthquake resistance by joining the sleeve wall 9 will be described, and then a method of reinforcing the column will be described.
【００２３】前記の耐震補強された柱１０は、側面に突
設されたアンカー筋１１にスパイラル状の割裂防止筋１
２が配筋され、これらがプレキャスト製の袖壁９の接合
溝１３内に収容され、該接合溝１３内に無収縮モルタル
１４が充填されて袖壁９が接合されている。また前記ア
ンカー筋１１には接合溝１３内におけるあばら筋１５の
先端部が接合されて袖壁９の接合を強固にしている。The above-mentioned column 10 reinforced with earthquake resistance is provided with a spiral anti-splitting bar 1 on an anchor bar 11 projecting from the side.
2 are arranged in the joint groove 13 of the sleeve wall 9 made of precast, and the joint groove 13 is filled with the non-shrink mortar 14 and the sleeve wall 9 is joined. Further, the tip of the stirrup 15 in the joint groove 13 is joined to the anchor streak 11 to strengthen the joint of the sleeve wall 9.
【００２４】次ぎに、上記の柱の補強方法は、あらかじ
め図７の（１）に示すような、柱との接合面に接合溝１
３を備えたプレキャスト製の袖壁９を形成しておき、前
記接合溝１３にはあばら筋１５の前半部が露出した状態
になっている。Next, the above-mentioned method of reinforcing the column is performed by first forming a joint groove 1 on the joint surface with the column as shown in FIG.
A precast sleeve wall 9 provided with a stud 3 is formed, and the first half of the stirrup 15 is exposed in the joint groove 13.
【００２５】そして、図８の（１）に示すように、柱１
０にドリルで孔をあけ、該孔にアンカー筋１１を差し込
んでモルタルなどで固定している。Then, as shown in (1) of FIG.
A hole is drilled in the hole 0, and the anchor bar 11 is inserted into the hole and fixed with mortar or the like.
【００２６】次に、同図の（２）に示すように、スパイ
ラル筋間にアンカー筋１１を差し込んで割裂防止筋１２
を配筋する。Next, as shown in (2) of FIG.
Arrange the bars.
【００２７】次ぎに、同図の（２）および（３）に示す
ように、前記アンカー筋１１および割裂防止筋１２を接
合溝１３内に収容するようにして袖壁３を柱１０に当接
すると、接合溝１３内のあばら筋１５の前半部がアンカ
ー筋１１内に差し込まれた状態になる。そして袖壁上部
の注入口１６から接合溝１３内に無収縮モルタル１４を
圧入すると、上下の梁１７と縁切り状態の袖壁９が柱１
０に接合される。Next, as shown in (2) and (3) of the figure, the sleeve wall 3 is brought into contact with the column 10 so that the anchor bar 11 and the split preventing bar 12 are accommodated in the joint groove 13. Then, the first half of the stirrup 15 in the joint groove 13 is inserted into the anchor muscle 11. Then, when the non-shrink mortar 14 is press-fitted into the joint groove 13 from the injection port 16 at the upper part of the sleeve wall, the upper and lower beams 17 and the sleeve wall 9 in the cut-off state form the pillar 1.
0.
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】建物に過大な荷重が作用した場合であっ
ても、耐震補強材によって袖壁端部の圧縮破壊が防止さ
れるとともに、袖壁が上下の梁と縁切り状態であるた
め、上下の梁の破壊も防止できる。According to the present invention, even if an excessive load is applied to the building, the seismic reinforcing material prevents the end of the sleeve wall from being compressed and destroyed, and the sleeve wall is cut off by the upper and lower beams. Can be prevented from being broken.
【００２９】袖壁付き柱の強度および靱性能力を向上さ
せる。Improve the strength and toughness of the column with sleeve walls.
【００３０】上下梁側の袖壁端部を補強できるので、必
要な箇所だけが補強できる。Since the end portions of the sleeve walls on the upper and lower beams can be reinforced, only necessary portions can be reinforced.
【００３１】上下梁間の袖壁端部の全長が補強されるの
で、該端部の全長の圧縮破壊を防げる。Since the entire length of the end of the sleeve wall between the upper and lower beams is reinforced, it is possible to prevent the entire length of the end from being compressed and destroyed.
【００３２】スパイラル状の鉄筋同士が上下で密接して
形成された筒体内に固化材が充填された耐震補強材は、
袖壁端部の強度を増大させる。An earthquake-resistant reinforcing material in which a solidified material is filled in a cylindrical body in which spiral rebars are closely formed at the top and bottom,
Increase the strength of the end of the sleeve wall.
【００３３】プレキャスト製の袖壁を既存柱の側面に接
合したことにより、耐震補強工事が短期間で簡単に行え
る。By joining the precast sleeves to the side surfaces of the existing columns, seismic reinforcement work can be easily performed in a short period of time.
【００３４】現場作業の簡略化により騒音、振動が軽減
されるとともに、養生範囲の削減など短い工期で作業が
可能となる。また作業スペースが比較的小さくてすむた
め、作業スペースが小さいところであっても制約をうけ
ることがなくなる。By simplifying the on-site work, noise and vibration can be reduced, and work can be performed in a short work period such as a reduction in the curing range. Further, since the work space can be relatively small, there is no restriction even if the work space is small.
【００３５】接合溝内へのモルタルの充填が容易に行え
るとともに、接合溝内全体にわたって万遍なく充填でき
る。The mortar can be easily filled in the joining groove, and can be uniformly filled in the entire joining groove.
【図１】柱構造の正面図である。FIG. 1 is a front view of a pillar structure.
【図２】図１のＡ−Ａ線断面図である。FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
【図３】（１）は耐震補強材の正面図、（２）は（１）
の平面図である。FIG. 3 (1) is a front view of the seismic retrofitting material, and (2) is (1).
FIG.
【図４】耐震補強材の圧縮強度を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a view showing the compressive strength of an earthquake-resistant reinforcing material.
【図５】他の柱構造の正面図である。FIG. 5 is a front view of another pillar structure.
【図６】袖壁付き柱の断面図である。FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a pillar with a sleeve wall.
【図７】（１）はプレキャスト製の袖壁の正面図、
（１）は同断面図である。FIG. 7 is a front view of a precast sleeve wall,
(1) is the same sectional view.
【図８】（１）は既存柱にアンカー筋を突設した正面
図、（２）はアンカー筋に割裂防止筋を配筋した正面
図、（３）は既存柱にプレキャスト製の袖壁を接合した
正面図である。FIG. 8 is a front view in which anchor bars are protruded from existing columns, (2) is a front view in which anti-split bars are arranged in anchor bars, and (3) is a precast sleeve wall in existing columns. It is the front view which joined.
【図９】従来の柱構造の正面図である。FIG. 9 is a front view of a conventional pillar structure.
１、１７、１８ 梁 ２、１０、１９ 柱 ３、９、２０ 袖壁 ４ 耐震補強材 ５ 筒体 ６ 固化材 ７ プレート ８、１５ あばら筋 １１ アンカー筋 １２ 割裂防止筋 １３ 接合溝 １４ モルタル １６ 注入口 1, 17, 18 Beam 2, 10, 19 Column 3, 9, 20 Sleeve wall 4 Seismic reinforcement material 5 Cylindrical body 6 Solidification material 7 Plate 8, 15 Stirrup 11 Anchor bar 12 Split prevention bar 13 Joint groove 14 Mortar 16 Note entrance
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 藤本 純一 栃木県那須郡西那須野町四区町1534−１ 五洋建設技術研究所内 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued from the front page (72) Inventor Junichi Fujimoto
Claims (6)
壁が上下の梁と縁切り状態で、かつ袖壁端部内に耐震補
強材が埋設されたことを特徴とする柱構造。1. A pillar structure wherein a sleeve wall is provided on a pillar between upper and lower beams, the sleeve wall is cut off from the upper and lower beams, and an anti-seismic reinforcing material is embedded in an end of the sleeve wall.
だけ埋設されたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の柱構
造。2. The column structure according to claim 1, wherein the seismic retrofitting material is buried only in the end portions of the sleeve walls on the upper and lower beams.
全長に埋設されたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の柱
構造。3. The column structure according to claim 1, wherein the seismic retrofitting material is embedded in the entire length of the end of the sleeve wall between the upper and lower beams.
同士が上下で密接して形成された筒体内に固化材が充填
されたものであることを特徴とする請求項１、２、３に
記載の柱構造。4. The seismic retrofitting material according to claim 1, wherein a solidified material is filled in a cylindrical body in which spiral reinforcing bars are closely formed in a vertical direction. Column structure as described.
とに突設するとともに、該アンカー筋にスパイラル状の
割裂防止筋を配筋し、前記柱との接続面に接合溝を有す
るプレキャスト製の袖壁を、前記アンカー筋と割裂防止
筋が接合溝内に収容されるように既存柱の側面に当接さ
せた後、前記接合溝内にモルタルを注入したことを特徴
とする柱の補強方法。5. A pre-cast product having an anchor bar projecting from a side surface of an existing column at appropriate intervals, a spiral anti-cracking bar arranged on the anchor bar, and a joint groove at a connection surface with the column. And a mortar is injected into the joint groove after the sleeve wall is brought into contact with the side surface of the existing column so that the anchor streak and the split preventing stitch are accommodated in the joint groove. Method.
ことを特徴とする請求項５に記載の柱の補強方法。6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the mortar is injected from an upper part of a sleeve wall.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14551398A JP3444785B2 (en) | 1998-05-27 | 1998-05-27 | Column structure and column reinforcement method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14551398A JP3444785B2 (en) | 1998-05-27 | 1998-05-27 | Column structure and column reinforcement method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11336251A true JPH11336251A (en) | 1999-12-07 |
| JP3444785B2 JP3444785B2 (en) | 2003-09-08 |
Family
ID=15386989
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14551398A Expired - Fee Related JP3444785B2 (en) | 1998-05-27 | 1998-05-27 | Column structure and column reinforcement method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3444785B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008163646A (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2008-07-17 | Taisei Corp | Method and structure for reinforcing existing column |
| JP4647714B1 (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2011-03-09 | 黒沢建設株式会社 | Buildings using walled columns with seismic prestressing |
| JP2015227538A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2015-12-17 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | Earthquake resistant wall structure |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6340467B1 (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-06-06 | 黒沢建設株式会社 | Ramen structure using sleeve wall and joining method thereof |
-
1998
- 1998-05-27 JP JP14551398A patent/JP3444785B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008163646A (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2008-07-17 | Taisei Corp | Method and structure for reinforcing existing column |
| JP4647714B1 (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2011-03-09 | 黒沢建設株式会社 | Buildings using walled columns with seismic prestressing |
| JP2011246937A (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2011-12-08 | Kurosawa Construction Co Ltd | Building structure using post with wall provided with earthquake control prestress |
| JP2015227538A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2015-12-17 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | Earthquake resistant wall structure |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3444785B2 (en) | 2003-09-08 |
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