JPH11303126A - Excavator work machine - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) Abstract: A work machine having a shovel, which can easily and reliably perform excavation of an excavation corner and scooping of remaining soil by operating the same, and a connection portion between a boom and an arm. Provided is a work machine capable of performing high-precision excavation processing without colliding a peripheral member or a peripheral device with a side wall member such as a belly or the like to cause damage. A bucket (1) has a left and right bucket school bag spacing substantially equal to the bucket body width, and a hydraulic cylinder (3) is fixedly mounted inside one or both of the bucket school bags (2). By operating the cylinder (3), the bucket position is moved and fixed at a position deviated from the arm axis, enabling it to reach the corner of the deep groove of the bucket, which was not possible in the past, It can be close to the side wall, etc., and enables high-precision grooving.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a work machine equipped with a bucket such as a shovel-based excavator such as a power shovel or a backhoe, and more particularly to a work machine capable of excavating a part deviated right or left from a center of excavation. The present invention relates to a shovel-type working machine provided with a buckled bucket.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a backhoe 100 which is a typical construction machine of a hydraulic system, this work is performed as shown in FIG.
Large first hydraulic cylinder 10 attached to revolving superstructure 101
2 causes the boom 103 to swing up and down, while the second hydraulic cylinder 104 having its base attached to the boom 103 causes the arm 105 to swing vertically with the boom tip as a fulcrum. A third hydraulic cylinder 106 having a base attached thereto is configured to swing a bucket 107 connected via a link in a vertical direction, and the boom 103 and the arm 1
Flat excavation or the like is performed while operating 05 and / or the bucket 107. That is, the first hydraulic cylinder 102 and the second hydraulic cylinder 104
Is extended to lower the bucket portion toward the ground, and then the third hydraulic cylinder 106 is extended to excavate and scoop up soil and the like by the bucket 107, and in this state, the first hydraulic cylinder 102 is extended to reach the ground. Lifting and loading this earth and sand against a loading platform such as a truck
04 and 106 are operated to swing off the bucket 107.

As is apparent from FIGS. 1 and 2, a pair of bucket school bags 107b attached to the left and right sides of a conventional bucket 107 are attached to a bucket body 107a.
Is set to be narrower and closer to the center than the side interval of the bucket, and a relatively small interval is provided between the outside of the bucket school bag 107b and the side of the bucket body. Moreover, the arm 105 and the bucket 107, which are connected to the bucket school bag 107b with a pin, hardly move left and right, and are in a fixed position.

[0004]

Therefore, the backhoe 1
When excavating below the ground surface with a shovel machine such as 00, and particularly when excavating the connection between the boom 103 and the arm 105 in a groove as shown in FIG. As described above, since the bucket 107 is immovable to the left and right with respect to the arm 105 as described above, in particular, it is often difficult to excavate to the corner of the groove, and it is difficult to perform excavation with high accuracy. It is possible. Usually, after excavation has progressed to a desired depth, the sheet pile 108 is driven along the groove wall to prevent collapse of earth and sand from the groove wall, and in this case, the sheet pile 108 is cut between the opposing sheet piles 108 at a predetermined depth. A beam 109 and a belly 110 are erected to prevent the sheet pile 108 from tilting. Conventionally, as described above, since the corners of the construction surface cannot be excavated in many cases, a large amount of residual soil is left near the construction surface close to the sheet pile, and these are manually removed later.

When the bucket 107 is forcibly brought close to the sheet pile by mechanically carrying out the residual soil treatment operation using a shovel machine, as shown in FIG. Peripheral devices could collide with the side walls of the sheet pile 108, the cutting beam 109 and the like, and could damage the machine itself, the sheet pile 108, the cutting beam 109, the belly 110 and the like.

The present invention has been developed in order to solve such a problem. Specifically, the present invention provides a shovel-based working machine capable of reliably excavating a corner of a construction surface even during deep excavation. It is intended to be.

[0007]

This object is easily attained by the inventions according to claims 1 to 3 of the present invention. The invention according to claim 1 is a working machine including a bucket, an arm, and a boom, wherein a bucket school bag that supports both ends of a connection pin that connects the bucket and the arm is disposed at both left and right edges of the bucket body. A shovel-based working machine is characterized in that the relative position between the bucket and the arm is configured to be changeable left and right, and is provided with position fixing means for fixing the changed position.

When excavating a corner of a side wall below the ground surface or scooping up earth and sand by swinging the boom, the arm, and the bucket, the arm is moved to the left or right relative to the arm. Then, the position is fixed by the position fixing means. In this case, the movement and the fixing of the bucket can be performed simultaneously. By moving and fixing the bucket with respect to the arm, excavation and removal of residual soil can be performed smoothly and reliably even at the corner of the deep digging work surface without causing the boom, the arm, and other peripheral devices to collide with the sheet pile or the like. Become.

The invention according to claim 2 defines the position fixing means, wherein the position fixing means is a double cylinder in which a cylindrical cylinder piston member and one end cylindrical member are connected in a closed state. A cylinder case having a structure, wherein the cylinder piston member is slidably and liquid-tightly inserted from an open end of the cylinder case member having the double cylindrical structure, and the cylinder case has a fluid pressure port. The cylinder case is externally fitted to the connection pin, and one end of the cylinder case is fixed to the bucket school bag.

According to the present invention, the position fixing means can be provided on either or both of the left and right bucket school bags, and a required cylinder piston is extended by supplying a fluid to a fluid pressure port. By pressing the cylinder piston against the arm, the bucket is moved and fixed to either left or right. In this state, the excavation or the removal of the residual soil is performed. In the case where the fluid pressure port is single, when the fluid pressure is released by interposing an elastic member such as a compression spring between the cylinder case and the cylinder piston, the cylinder piston is automatically contracted. I do. Also, the fluid pressure port may be two supply / discharge ports.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the tip of the cylinder piston member is fixed to the side surface of the arm. In this case, the relative position between the arm and the bucket is arbitrarily selected. It becomes possible.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided another aspect of the position fixing means, wherein the position fixing means comprises a cylindrical spacer having a desired length, and the spacer fixes the half-split member to a hinge. By connecting them by structure, if they are manufactured in an arbitrary length in advance, two or more spacers are externally fitted to the connecting pin with the arm interposed, and the spacer is attached between the bucket school bag and the arm Thereby, the relative position between the arm and the bucket can be arbitrarily selected.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a bucket applied to a shovel-based working machine according to the present invention. According to the figure, the bucket 1 is provided with a plurality (four in the illustrated example) of claw members 1b fixed along the front edge of the scooping surface of the bucket body 1a.
Of the left and right side lip portions 1a '
cutting edge material 1 on each part adjacent to b
c is fixed. These structures are substantially the same as the conventional one.

In the present embodiment, the bucket school bag 2 is projected rearward on a plane including the left and right sides of the bucket body 1a, and this constitutes a part of the characteristic portion of the present invention. . That is, the projecting position of the pair of left and right bucket school bags 2 is not at the center as in the conventional case, but along the left and right sides of the bucket body 1a. Has formed.

According to the illustrated example, the position fixing means constituting the most characteristic part of the present invention is fixed to the opposite surface of one bucket school bag 2 by welding or the like. In the example shown,
The position fixing means comprises a hydraulic cylinder 3, and the structure of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is a cylinder case 3a having a double cylindrical structure as shown in FIGS.
Cylindrical cylinder piston 3b inserted from the open end of the cylinder
And

A half vertical section of the cylinder case 3a is substantially U-shaped, and a ring-shaped cap member 3c is fixed to an open end of the outer cylindrical portion 3a-1 by screw fitting.
On the other hand, an outer flange 3b-1 is formed at the insertion end of the cylinder piston 3b.
Is slidably inserted in a liquid-tight manner from the opening of the cap material 3c into the inner and outer cylindrical portions 3a-1 and 3a-2 of the cylinder case 3a via a plurality of seal rings 4. A compression spring 4 'is interposed between the cap member 3c and the outer flange 3b-1 of the cylinder piston 3b, and always urges the cylinder piston 3b in the contraction direction. A single hydraulic supply / discharge port 3a 'is formed near the bottom of the outer cylinder of the cylinder case 3a, and the hydraulic supply port 3a' is connected to a hydraulic source via a switching valve (not shown). The operation of supplying and discharging the hydraulic pressure to and from the hydraulic supply port 3a 'can be performed manually by an operator.

According to this embodiment, the cylinder case 3
The connection pin 5 is inserted through the hollow portion of the connector a.
Are fixed to the bucket school bag 2.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the tip of an arm 6 is slidably attached to the connection pin 5 that connects the left and right bucket school cells 2, and the cylinder piston 3 b is attached to the tip side of the arm 6. Are fixed with bolts or the like via fixed plate members 7. In the present invention, the tip of the arm 6 and the cylinder piston 3b may be independently slidable along the connecting pin 5 without being connected.

Now, in the working machine according to the present embodiment having the above-structured bucket supporting structure, the arm 6 is positioned at the center of the connecting pin 5 during normal excavation. The extension of the cylinder piston 3b of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is determined by controlling the oil pressure. That is, at this time, the arm 6 is supported at the center of the left and right bucket school bags 2, and excavation is performed on the axis of the arm 6. When the bucket 1 is to be excavated on the side wall of the excavation groove after excavation has progressed to a predetermined construction surface, the hydraulic cylinder 3 is operated to extend the cylinder piston 3b as shown in FIGS. The arm 6 is brought into contact with the inner side surface of one bucket school bag 2.

If excavation is performed in this state, even in a deep excavation operation, a connecting portion between the boom and the arm 6 (not shown),
Excavation work can be reliably performed without causing peripheral equipment (not shown) to be prone to collide with the belly 110 or the like. In addition, for example, it is also possible to easily remove the residual soil such as the bottom corner of the excavation trench.

FIG. 6 shows a modification of the hydraulic cylinder 3. According to this modification, the hydraulic cylinder 3 has a single hydraulic supply / discharge port 3a ', and the compression spring 4 is interposed so that the cylinder piston 3b can be extended by hydraulic pressure and the piston 3b contracts. The operation that relies on the elasticity of the compression spring 4 is replaced by the compression spring 4 and the housing of the compression spring 4 is replaced by the hydraulic chamber 3.
d, the hydraulic chamber 7 is also provided with a hydraulic supply / discharge port 3d ',
Two hydraulic supply / discharge ports 3a 'and 3d' are provided.

In the above embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder 3 is attached to one bucket school bag 2, but the left and right bucket school bags 2 are provided with hydraulic cylinders 3 having the same structure. In this case, the extension and contraction of the left and right hydraulic cylinders 3 are controlled in conjunction with each other, so that the support position of the arm 6 is supported and fixed at an arbitrary position on the left and right from the center of the bucket body 1a. Can be.

FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment of the position fixing means according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, in this embodiment, a halved cylindrical spacer 8 is employed as the position fixing means. The structure of the bucket body 1a and the bucket school bag 2 is the same as that of the above embodiment, but the hydraulic cylinder 3 is omitted. The cylindrical spacer 8 has two opposing edges of the gutter-shaped half-split members 8a and 8b hinged to two members having a predetermined length made of, for example, a steel material, and the other opposing edges are pinned. And the like are configured to be detachable so that the cylindrical spacer 8 can be opened and closed. Various lengths of cylindrical spacers 8 having such a configuration are prepared in advance. This length is determined by the connecting position of the arm 6 to the bucket body 1a.

For example, when it is desired to connect the arm 6 to the center of the pair of left and right bucket school bags 2, the arm 6 is slid along the connecting pin 5 and set at the center of the pair of bucket school bags 2. The cylindrical spacer 8 having a length corresponding to the interval between the arm 6 and the bucket school bag 2 is attached between the basket school bag 6 and the left and right bucket school bags 2. Further, for example, when it is desired to connect the arm 6 in a state in which the arm 6 is brought into contact with one of the left and right bucket school bags 2, the arm 6 is slid along the connecting pin 5 and the arm 6 is moved to the one bucket school bag 2. Contact. Thereafter, a cylindrical spacer 8 having a length corresponding to the distance between the arm 6 and the other bucket school bag 2 is provided.
You only have to attach.

As is clear from the above description, the bucket 1 according to the present invention, in which the connection position with the arm can be changed.
Since the arm 6 can be moved and fixed to an arbitrary position of the connecting pin 5 laid between the bucket school bags 2, the arm 6 abuts on one bucket school bag 2 of the bucket 1, for example. In such a case, the connecting portion between the boom and the arm 6 (not shown) and the peripheral device thereof collide with each other even when the surrounding sheet pile is protruded, even in the case of the deep trench excavation work. Without excavation, the bucket 1 can be brought to the excavation bottom corner below the ground surface, and not only can extremely high-precision mechanical excavation with no remaining soil at the groove corner be possible, but also the earth and sand can be temporarily occupied at the same position. Even if it remains, it can be easily removed by the working machine of the present invention. The above embodiment is merely an example, and it goes without saying that various design changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view showing an example of a bucket structure applied to a working machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an example of a structure of a hydraulic cylinder attached to the bucket.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a contracted state of the hydraulic cylinder.

FIG. 4 is a partial front view showing a positional relationship between an arm and a bucket when the hydraulic cylinder is reduced in length.

FIG. 5 is a partial front view showing a positional relationship between an arm and a bucket when the hydraulic cylinder is extended.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the hydraulic cylinder, partially cut away.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of another position fixing means instead of the hydraulic cylinder. It is a figure showing a state.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an entire conventional backhoe.

FIG. 9 is an overall perspective view showing a conventional bucket structure.

FIG. 10 is a front view in a groove schematically showing a working state by a conventional backhoe.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bucket 1a Bucket main body 1a 'Side lip part 1b Claw 1c Cutting edge material 2 Bucket school bag 3 Hydraulic cylinder 3a Double cylinder structure cylinder case 3a', 3d 'Hydraulic supply / discharge port 3a-1 Outer cylinder part 3a-2 Inner cylinder Part 3b Cylinder piston 3b-1 Outer flange 3c Cap material 3d Hydraulic chamber 4 Seal ring 4 'Compression spring 5 Connecting pin 6 Arm 7 Fixed plate 8 Cylindrical spacer 8a, 8b Gutter-shaped half-split member 110

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A work machine provided with a bucket, an arm and a boom, wherein bucket buckets supporting both ends of a connecting pin for connecting the bucket and the arm are arranged on both right and left edges of a bucket body. It is configured so that the relative position with the arm can be changed left and right,
A shovel-type working machine comprising position fixing means for fixing the changed position. 2. The position fixing means comprises a cylindrical cylinder piston member, and a cylinder case body having a double cylindrical structure in which one end of the cylindrical members is connected in a closed state. A fluid pressure cylinder structure having a fluid pressure port inserted in the cylinder case while being slidably fitted from the open end of the double cylinder,
The shovel-based working machine provided with a bucket according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder case is fitted around the connection pin, and one end of the cylinder case is fixed to a bucket school bag. 3. The excavator working machine according to claim 2, wherein a tip of the cylinder piston member is fixed to a side surface of the arm. 4. The shovel-type working machine according to claim 1, wherein the position fixing means comprises a cylindrical spacer having a desired length and a half-split member connected by a hinge structure.