JPH11130516A - Baked water-permeable block for building material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a water permeable block for building material, comprising a waste of ceramic product as a main raw material, capable of being baked at a low temperature, reducing the treatment of the waste and the treated amount, promoting reduction in fuel and permeation of rainwater into the ground, improving a beautiful view as a spectacle material, friendly to an environment, useful for an environmental protection. SOLUTION: The tile, glass, tableware, block, etc., having <=5 wt.% water absorption rate are obtained by grinding a ceramic-related waste such as a semi-porcelain material, a porcelain material or a stoneware material, using the ground material having 10 mm maximum particle diameter as a main aggregate, mixing the ground material with 10-30 wt.% of a low-melting enamel frit waste having <=8000 deg.C melting point and a glass waste as fine powder having <=0.1 mm and, if required, 0-10 wt.% of a clay material and a proper organic or inorganic binder, kneading, molding and baking in a temperature range of 700-900 deg.C and have characteristics of >=35 mm/hour natural water permeation amount per unit area of a material having 50 mm thickness and >=150 kg/cm<2> compression strength.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention mainly relates to low-absorbing semi-porcelain such as tiles, insulators, tableware and blocks, porcelain and set materials, and low melting point materials such as enamel frit and vitreous waste, and other ceramic-related waste. The technical field is to use it as a raw material to make a permeable block for building materials.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art With the development of material civilization, industrial production and consumption of goods are increasing, and as a result, industrial waste and general household waste are both increasing in mass and diversifying. Currently, various methods of waste treatment and disposal are being researched, but the disposal sites are getting tight because they cannot keep up with the enormous amount generated.
Due to illegal dumping or improper disposal, toxic gas such as dioxin is generated, causing environmental pollution,
It is also a serious environmental problem. On the other hand, urbanization has progressed, land development and road maintenance have been carried out, and concrete, asphalt or general tiles, pavement with brick, etc., appearance landscape, and progress of cars and people have been improved well, On the other hand, rainwater, which is the most important water quality resource for environmental protection, cannot be stored due to infiltration into the ground even if it rains, and its ability to activate water decreases, and most of it flows into rivers, causing flooding and flooding all at once. At the same time, it causes severe damage, and if the sunshine continues for a while, the water will wither and the water will become scarce.

Under these circumstances, urbanization is progressing, and the production status of road paving materials and the like used for improving the landscape and the road surface can be seen from tiles, bricks, blocks, etc. Most of them are mainly made of newly mined natural and artificial raw materials and fired at a high temperature of about 1100 to 1300 ° C, so that a large amount of fuel such as oil or gas is used. It is also a source of air pollution from the production of carbon dioxide and other toxic gases.

[0004] Recycling of waste which continues to increase in this way,
Recycling, increasing the ability to retain rainwater, and improving air pollution through incineration of garbage are indispensable to maintaining a living environment and sound economic development.
At present, various studies have been made, but the improvement has not yet been achieved and these improvements are strongly demanded.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned situation, the inventors of the present invention have proposed, among various wastes, semi-porous materials such as tiles, insulators, tableware, blocks, etc. having a water absorption of 5% or less. Utilization of waste of ceramic products such as porcelain materials, Setsu materials and low melting materials such as enamel frit waste and glass waste, reducing the amount of treatment and disposal, increasing the penetration of rainwater into the ground, and increasing the water retention capacity To reduce the consumption of fuels such as oil and gas as low-temperature firing, and to reduce the generation of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide gas by combustion, etc. In addition, by manufacturing permeable building materials and using them mainly as paving materials, it is possible to reduce the amount of waste disposal and disposal, promote low fuel consumption and seepage of rainwater into the ground, and enhance the appearance as a landscape material. Environmentally friendly and useful for environmental conservation It is an object of the present invention Taseru.

[0006]

In view of this situation, the present inventors have conducted various studies and studies on the current situation. As a result, the characteristics of the pavement material should be such that a person walks and a car runs. Have a strength that does not easily cause breakage or wear damage due to cracking, chipping, or the like, must have a compressive strength of 150 kg / cm ² or more, and must not be scratched by people falling It must have various characteristics such as a maximum particle diameter of 10 mm or less at the time of production and a water permeability of 30 mm / hour, which is generally called heavy rainfall.

[0007] In order to satisfy the above conditions, it is desirable to use ceramics waste such as tiles, insulators, tableware, blocks, etc., which are used as aggregates, and that the aggregates have a high water absorption rate of 5% or less. Due to the corners of coarse particles and the roughness of the brick surface using porcelain, semi-porcelain, and seki materials, the maximum particle size of coarse particles is to ensure that the surface is not easily scratched when dropped. Up to 10 mm. In addition, in order to lower the firing temperature, reduce the fuel, and reduce the harmful gas generated during combustion of oil and gas to 950 ° C. or less, one of the joining members for joining the aggregate is required. For the part, it was possible to obtain a result such as good use of fine powder obtained by finely pulverizing frit dust or glass dust having a softening point of 800 ° C. or less to at least 0.1 mm or less. In addition, water permeability 35
mm / hour and a compressive strength of 150 kg / cm ² or more, the coarse bone material is 50 to 90% by weight, the medium particles are 0 to 20% by weight, the fine particle material as a bonding part material frit refuse, glass refuse and the like. If necessary, add 10 to 4 clay materials in total
0% by weight Add organic or inorganic binder if necessary,
The fired water-permeable brick for building materials, which can be provided with the characteristics to be provided by the above-mentioned pavement bricks by forming and firing, is mainly made of waste, and 35 mm in low temperature firing.
It is possible to manufacture a fired water-permeable block for building materials having a water-permeability of at least / hour or more, which is naturally environmentally friendly and useful for environmental protection, and further provides means for solving various problems.

(Reason for limitation) Waste materials of semi-porcelain materials, porcelain materials and setsu materials having a water absorption rate of 5% or less, such as tiles, insulators, tableware, and tableware, are used as aggregates. If the water absorption exceeds 5%, the strength of the material is reduced, the strength of the fired water-permeable block for building materials is reduced, and it is difficult to obtain a strength that can withstand use conditions. It is used as a low melting point enamel frit having a softening point of 800 ° C. or less and a fine powder having a glassy dust of 0.1 mm or less. The absolute temperature required for sintering having a softening point of 800 ° C. or higher increases, the consumption of fuel such as oil or gas increases, and 0.1
The use of the fine powder material of not more than mm is for further improving the sintering performance of the joining member. The firing temperature range is set to 700 to 900 ° C. Firing temperature 7
If the temperature is less than 00 ° C., the sintering degree of the joint is low and a sufficient temperature cannot be obtained, and when a clay material is used, the thermal decomposition and sintering degree of the clay material may be incomplete. This is because the strength and weather resistance are adversely affected, and when the temperature is 900 ° C. or higher, the amount of fuel used increases, thereby increasing the degree of air pollution and increasing the manufacturing cost. The reason that the natural water permeability is 35 mm / hour or more for a brick having a thickness of 50 mm is to provide the ability to transmit the precipitation even in heavy rain. The reason why the compression strength is 150 kg / cm ² or more is to sufficiently endure use conditions and not to easily cause breakage and wear and tear. The addition amount of enamel frit scrap and glassy scrap having a softening point of 800 ° C. or less is set to 10 to 30% by weight. If the content is less than 10% by weight, the absolute amount of the material for the bonding portion is small, and sufficient strength cannot be obtained. If the content is more than 30% by weight, the water permeability decreases. Clay material is 0 to 10% by weight. It is used to facilitate plasticity and filling in the molding of clayey materials,
It is not necessary if molding can be performed using another binder, and if it exceeds 10% by weight, sintering in a low-temperature region is inhibited and water permeability is reduced. The maximum particle size is 10 mm or less. The use of coarse particles exceeding 10 mm increases the surface roughness, which may cause abrasion when dropped, and also weakens the bonding strength between particles, resulting in insufficient strength.

[0009]

EXAMPLES Table 1 shows examples of chemical component values and softening points of raw materials used in the present invention.
Shown in

[0010]

[Table 1]

Table 2 shows the physical properties of the tile waste.

[0012]

[Table 2]

The above-mentioned tile waste is pulverized by an impeller breaker, and is 12 to 6 mm, 6 to 3 mm, and 3 to 1 m.
m and 1 mm or less. The enamel frit layer and the vitreous waste are finely pulverized to 0.074 mm or less, and 0.5% by weight of dextrin and 5% by weight of water are added to the compositions shown in Table 3 as a binder and kneaded in a wet pan. Then, it is press-formed at a pressure of 65 kg / cm ² using a hydraulic forming machine, dried, and fired at a maximum temperature of 810 ° C. for a firing time of 15 hours. Further, with respect to the firing temperature, the material of Example 2 of the present invention was fired at a maximum temperature of 920 ° C. to obtain Comparative Example 2. Table 3 shows the test results.

[0014]

[Table 3]

As described above, as shown in the test results shown in Table 3, Comparative Example 1 using a maximum particle diameter of 10 mm or more has a rough surface, may be scratched when dropped, and has a compressive strength of 13%.
It is as low as 3 kg / cm ² . Further, Comparative Example 3 using a glass dust B material having a softening point of 880 ° C. finely pulverized to 0.0074 mm or less has a low compressive strength of 122 kg / cm ^2, and the material of Example 2 of the present invention was heated to a maximum temperature of 920 ° C. Firing results in a slight deformation and a reduction in strength.

(Practical test) From the results, it was found that the material of Example 2 of the present invention and the comparative examples 3 and 4 were made of a baked permeable block for building materials of 230 × 114 × 50 mm, and cement was used only at the horizontal joint in the parking lot. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0017]

[Table 4]

(Testing method) Strength test (230 mm × 5 sheets) × (114 mm × 15 sheets) and a car with a total weight of 25 ton is passed through. Permeability test (230 mm x 5 sheets) x (114 mm x 15 sheets), pavement on all sides with a height of 10 mm, water up to 80 mm and 1
Measure the remaining time.

[0019]

As described above, as shown in Examples and Practical Examples, tile waste (ceramic products) having a water absorption rate of 3.2% is made of aggregate having a maximum particle diameter of 3 mm, and the softening point of the joining member is 730 ° C. The baked water-permeable block for building materials manufactured by kneading, molding, and firing at 810 ° C using enamel frit or glassy waste and clay if necessary, is also excellent in load-bearing strength test and water permeability test. The results showed that the material was of sufficient quality to be used as a pavement material. In the present invention, the main raw material is determined as waste, and the firing temperature is set to 700 to 90.
To provide a technology that can be manufactured by calcination at a low temperature of 0 ° C. The use of fuel is also low, and therefore the amount of toxic gas generated during combustion can be reduced, thereby reducing the source of air pollution. At the same time, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. In addition, by using waste as the main raw material, the treatment and disposal of waste can be reduced, and by making it water permeable, the rainfall of heavy rain can be absorbed into the ground and returned to nature. It is expected to have the effect of giving water to the earth and increasing the water holding capacity of the earth, and also the effect of suppressing the flooding of rivers without causing rainwater to flow temporarily during precipitation, which is naturally environmentally friendly and environmentally friendly. It is a permeable landscape material of fired permeable block for building materials that can be useful for conservation, and its effect is tremendous.

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] October 24, 1997

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0018

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

(Testing method) Strength test (230 mm × 5 sheets) × (114 mm × 15 sheets) and a car with a total weight of 25 ton is passed through. Permeability test (230 mm × 5 sheets) × (114 mm × 15 sheets), pavement is surrounded by 114 mm on all sides, water is filled up to 100 mm, and the remaining amount for 1 hour is measured.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A tile, insulator, tableware, block, or the like, which is obtained by crushing semi-porcelain materials, porcelain materials, and wastes related to ceramic products such as ceramics materials having a water absorption rate of 5% or less to a maximum particle diameter of 10 mm. The main aggregate is 10 to 30% by weight of low melting point enamel frit or glassy debris having a softening point of 800 ° C or less as fine powder of 0.1mm or less, and 0 to 10% by weight of clay material if necessary. %, An appropriate organic or inorganic binder is added, kneaded, molded, fired in a temperature range of 700 to 900 ° C. and has a natural water permeability of 3 mm per unit area with a thickness of 50 mm.
A fired water-permeable block for building materials mainly made of waste, having a characteristic of a compressive strength of 150 kg / cm ² or more at 5 mm / hour or more.