JPH10309634A - Heating extraction device for fitted article - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To automatize heating extraction work of a fitted article by uniformly and speedily heating most of hole members by furnishing an automatic heating means of the hole members free to change a heating angle against the hole members. SOLUTION: Four flame burners 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d with four pieces of pilot torches set on frames 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d free to extend and contract in the radial direction are radially arranged by linear motions 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d on burner support racks 6a, 6b free to open and close by a rodless air cylinder. These flame burners 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d are oscillated in the circumferential direction by coronet speed reducers 23a, 23b and are also made free to move in the axial direction, and hole members are uniformly and speedily heated. The burners 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d are required to tilt by more than 45 deg. at least against end surfaces so as to heat the end surfaces of the hole members orthogonal with the axial direction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for heating and expanding a hole member such as a coupling, a bearing, a gear, or a wheel fitted and fixed to a shaft and removing the hole member from the shaft.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional device for removing a fitting part, there is known a "device for removing an inserted part" disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. Sho 62-181381. On the elevating platform to be adjusted, a pair of latch arms are hung on the rear end of the hole member fitted to the shaft, and in this state, the shaft end surface on which the hole member is fitted is pressed by the hydraulic cylinder piston rod. The hole member is extracted from the shaft.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned prior art, the height adjustment by the elevating platform and the positioning adjustment of the device with respect to the hole member by the movement of the lifter truck and the like are facilitated. The heating work in the case of heating and removing is still a manual work, and does not necessarily realize a reduction in the load on the worker and an improvement in the working environment. Therefore, there is a problem that workability is not considered.

[0004] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to automate the heating means for extracting when the object to be extracted is a shrink-fit product without manual operation, to reduce the load on the operator and to reduce the working environment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fitted object heating and extracting apparatus which improves the workability.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a gripping claw for gripping a hole member fitted and fixed to a shaft, and a pressing means for pressing an end of the shaft are provided with an ascending and descending mechanism. Means for extracting a hole member having a heating means for automatically swinging and heating the hole member in a circumferential direction of the hole member. In order to heat an end face, the fitting heating / extracting device is provided with a tilting means which can be tilted by at least 45 ° or more with respect to the end face and can be arranged at an arbitrary angle.

Further, the invention described in claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1.
3. A fitting object heating and extracting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an automatic ignition means for the heating means, a speed adjusting means for changing a moving speed of the heating means, and a means for extinguishing the heating means and retreating at once. It is.

According to the above arrangement, when the hole member is removed from the shaft by the fitted object heating and removing device, the heating means for automatically rocking and heating the hole member in the circumferential direction of the hole member and the heating means are provided on the end face. Tilting means capable of tilting at least 45 ° or more, heating means for a hole member provided so that the heating angle of the hole member with respect to the axial direction can be changed, automatic ignition means for the heating means, and moving speed of the heating means By providing the speed adjusting means and the heating means which extinguishes the heating means and retracts all at once, the hole members of almost any shape can be uniformly and rapidly heated and expanded sufficiently. Since the hole member can be extracted with the shaft, the shaft and the hole member are not scratched, and the heating of the extraction operation is automated without direct manual operation. Door can be.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a heated object extracting apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the gripping claw 10 is directly hooked on the hole member 1 shrink-fitted and fixed to the shaft 2 or the gripping claw 10 is hooked via the portal plate 5, and the outer peripheral surface of the hole member 1 is formed. Heating is performed by a flame burner, which is one means of heating the hole member, and the shaft end is pressed by a hydraulic jack 20 to perform extraction.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the embodiment shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the shaft positioning operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the pressurizing operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a detailed front view of the copying means of the embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the extracting operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. FIGS. 7A and 7B are explanatory views of the operation of the heating means of the embodiment shown in FIG.

Next, the operation will be described with reference to the drawings. First, the shaft positioning preparation is performed by placing the fitted object on a table using a lifting machine, or by transporting the fitted object toward a gripping claw side by a transport vehicle, and as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. If it is desired not to apply a load directly to the flange portion of the hole member 1, the portal plate 5 is hung on the back surface of the hole member 1, and
a and 10b are engaged with the side surfaces of the
To be fixed.

The extracting device shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 5 includes a table lifter 3a, 3b which is a lifting means.
An electric hydraulic cylinder is provided as a drive device for raising and lowering, and a cyclo reduction gear 11 is provided as a drive device for expanding and contracting the grip claws 10a and 10b.
b, through the trapezoidal screw 12, the gripping claws 10a and 10b are opened and closed in synchronization with respect to the center of the hydraulic jack 20, and the hydraulic jack 20 serving as the pressurizing means is also provided with a hydraulic pump unit. As the pressurizing mode, the inching operation mode in which the hydraulic jack pushes and pulls only while the button is pressed and the setting value (hydraulic pressure) of the pressing force are set, and the setting is performed based on the pressure value detected by the pressure switch. An interlocking operation mode for controlling to maintain the pressure at a value is provided.

A traveling carriage 13 having an electric motor is provided in the lower portion 3b of the table lifter, and has a high-speed traveling mode and a low-speed traveling mode as forward and backward traveling modes. The aforementioned table lifters 3a, 3b, gripping claws 10a, 10b, hydraulic jack 20, and traveling carriage 13
Can be remotely controlled (driven) by a portable pendant switch 30 having a 5 m cable in addition to the control panel 31 of the extraction device.

When aligning the position of the shaft end with the hydraulic jack 20, which is a pressing means, and positioning it so that the gripping claws 10a and 10b can be hooked and fixed to the hole member 1, the operator must
Carrying the portable pendant switch 30, one worker operates the pendant switch 30, and
The height of the gripping claws 10a and 10b is adjusted by raising and lowering the lifter table 3a while directly looking at the region where the gripping claws 10a and 10b are hung on the portal frame, and the front and rear positions of the gripping claws 10a and 10b are set to the low-speed position movement mode. Traveled trolley 1
3 and the gripping claws 10a, 10
While closing b, adjustment is performed by switching the axial position of the end of the hydraulic jack 20 and the shaft 2 to the inching operation mode, and the gripping claws 10a and 10b are hooked and fixed to the hole member 1.

A shaft 2 is provided between the grippers 10a and 10b and the hydraulic jack 20 and the table lifters 3a and 3b.
And four springs 4a, 4b as a copying mechanism for absorbing the axial center position deviation and the angle deviation of the hydraulic jack 20 and the hydraulic jack 20.
4c and 4d are provided, but when the main body of the extracting device is moved, the gripping claws 10a and 10b and the hydraulic jack 20 themselves vibrate, which may make it difficult to perform positioning. The outer cylinders 8a, 8a
b and the air pickers 9a and 9b are installed, and when the copying performance is not required while the extracting device body is moving, the air pickers 9a and 9b are expanded in the outer cylinders 8a and 8b. Thus, the outer tubes 8a, 8b and the air pickers 9a, 9b are restrained and fixed.

By the way, while the gripping claws 10a and 10b are being positioned on the hole member 1, the gripping claws 10a and 10b collide with the hole member 1 to prevent the hole member from being damaged or the device from being damaged. In order to move, one of the table lifters 3a and 3b, the self-propelled trolley 13 of the apparatus, and the hydraulic jack 20 is provided with an interlock that disables other operations while one is being operated.

Next, the configuration of the heating means will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the burner support racks 6a and 6b that can be opened and closed by a rodless air cylinder (one-side stroke 450 mm, opening and closing speed: 100 mm / sec)
c) On top of the linear motions 21a, 21b, 21c,
At 21d, radially expandable and contractible frames 22a, 2a
Four flame burners 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d with pilot torches installed at 2b, 22c and 22d (one-side stroke 315mm, expansion / contraction speed: 10mm / sec) are arranged on the radiation, and are circled by coronet reducer 23. Swing in the circumferential direction (swing angle: 45 °, swing speed: 0 to 6.4 ° / s)
ec variable) and can be moved in the axial direction.
The hole member 1 can be heated uniformly and rapidly.

With the structure of these heating means, a normal hole member can be heated uniformly and rapidly over the entire circumference by swinging in the circumferential direction and moving in the axial direction. In the case of a member (a gear coupling composed of an outer gear and an inner gear, or an outer diameter (a boss or a flange) larger than an inner diameter), the boss and the flange of the end of the inner gear and the hole member. It is necessary to heat the end face portion of the substrate, and if the heating is performed only in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction, the heating required for the extraction operation may not be performed efficiently.

The present inventor has analyzed the heating angle at the time of heating the hole member based on the conventional work. As a result, in order to heat the end surface of the hole member orthogonal to the axial direction, a heating means was provided on the end surface. On the other hand, it was found that it was necessary to tilt at least 45 ° or more.

An embodiment of the heating method according to the present invention, which has been studied based on the findings, is shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b). Move the flame burner in the axial direction (maximum stroke:
1100mm, high speed 100mm / sec, low speed: 10m
m / sec) and oscillating (oscillating angle: 45 °, oscillating speed: 0) in the circumferential direction by the coronet reducer 23.
6.4 ° / sec variable), and further tilted by the tilting air cylinders 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, or inverted by the pneumatic rotary actuators 25a, 25b, 25c, 25d,

The direction of the crater of the flame burner can be tilted by 45 ° or more with respect to the end face of the hole member perpendicular to the axial direction, and can be tilted up to 82 °. In addition,
Although four flame burners are used as the heating means, the heating capacity (gas flow rate) and the number of the hole members 1 are set according to the shape, mass, interference, etc. of the hole member 1. Book, 12 or 16 flame burners may be arranged. In addition to the flame burner, as a heating means, hot air, steam, infrared rays, or the like may be used for bearings and the like.

After the shaft and the axis of the hydraulic jack 20 are made to coincide with each other, a set value of the pressing force of the hydraulic jack 20 is input in advance, and automatically maintained at a predetermined pressing force in the interlocking operation mode. And the hole member 1 gripped by the gripping claws 10a and 10b.
Is heated uniformly and rapidly by the above-described flame burner, and the shaft end is pressed by the hydraulic jack 20 to remove the hole member 1 from the shaft 2. It is carried out while being held.

Here, the adjustment of the expansion / contraction, tilting and rotation of the burners required when setting the positions of the respective flame burners 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d with respect to the hole member 1 will be described with respect to each flame. Two modes can be selected, one for each burner, a mode in which only the flame burner operates, and a mode in which all the flame burners are linked.

Further, the flame burners 7a, 7b, 7c, 7
The flame ignition of d can be performed remotely by igniting a pilot torch installed in each burner from the control panel, and the control of the thermal power is performed by adjusting the gas (LPG and oxygen) flow rates from the control panel 31. By doing so, it can be performed remotely.

Further, when the hole member starts to be pulled out, the flame burner 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d is extinguished by pushing the flame burner interlocking evacuation button provided on the operation panel 31, and the burner is extended and the burner is supported. The heating can be completed by stopping at the rack opening limit and the burner swinging 0 ° position.

When the hole member is a gear coupling, the outer gear of the gear coupling is connected to the clamp 5.
The upper and lower cylinders 0a and 50b are moved up and down by an elevating cylinder 60, and while being extended and retracted by an extendable cylinder 70, the positions of the outer gear flanges are adjusted.
After the flange portion is gripped by b, the telescopic cylinder 70 can be moved back and forth in the axial direction. By this back and forth movement, the portion of the inner gear of the gear coupling to be heated can be exposed, and the flame burners 7a, 7
Rapid and uniform heating by b, 7c, 7d becomes possible.

The inventor of the present invention used the above-mentioned extracting device to set a flange type coupling (inner diameter d: 320 mm, boss outer diameter: 500 mm, interference: 16) fitted and fixed on a shaft.
0 μm) and a gear coupling (inner diameter d: 240 mm,
As a result of performing the extraction work with a tightening margin of 120 μm), the work time is shortened as compared with the conventional work without any scoring of the shaft and the hole part, and the extraction work with excellent workability can be performed. It was confirmed.

[0027]

As described above, according to the present invention,
In a fitting removal apparatus for removing a hole member fitted and fixed to a shaft, the device has a means for gripping a hole member fixed to a shaft and a means for pressing the shaft end while holding the hole member. Since the automatic heating means of the hole member provided so that the angle can be freely changed is provided, most of the hole members can be uniformly and rapidly heated, so that the shaft and the hole parts do not suffer from galling, Heating and unloading work of the fittings is automated with almost no manual work, which reduces the work time compared to conventional work and forces the operator to work under high heat and under heavy strain. As a result, the so-called 3K operation can be eliminated, and a remarkable effect can be obtained in terms of workability.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a fitted object heating and extracting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the fitted object heating and extracting apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a shaft positioning operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a pressurizing operation of the embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a detailed front view of the copying means of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a sampling operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;

FIGS. 7A and 7B are explanatory diagrams of the operation of the heating means of the embodiment shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 1 hole member 2 shaft 3a, 3b table lifter 3c, 3d4a, 4b, 4c, 4d spring 5 portal plate 6a, 6b burner support rack 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d flame burner 8a, 8b outer cylinder 9a, 9b air picker 10a , 10b gripping claw 11 cyclo reducer 12 trapezoidal screw 13 traveling truck 20 hydraulic jack 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d linear motion 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d frame 23a, 23b coronet reducer 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d for tilting Air cylinder 25a, 25b, 25c, 25d Pneumatic rotary actuator 30 Pendant switch 31 Control panel 40 Parts support mechanism 50a, 50b Clamper 60 Elevating cylinder 70 Telescopic cylinder

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Kenichi Kushibiki 1 Kimitsu, Kimitsu City, Chiba Prefecture Inside Nippon Steel Corporation (72) Inventor Masahiro Sonoda 1 Kimitsu, Kimitsu City, Chiba Prefecture Nippon Steel Corporation Inside the company Kimitsu Works

Claims (2)

[Claims] A gripping claw for gripping a hole member fitted and fixed to a shaft and a pressurizing means for pressing an end of the shaft are provided on the elevating means, and the hole member is automatically moved to the hole member. In the fitting removal apparatus for extracting a hole member having a heating means for oscillatingly heating in a circumferential direction, in order to heat an end face of the hole member orthogonal to the axial direction, the heating means is at least 45 ° with respect to the end face. What has been described above is a fitted article heating and extracting apparatus characterized by comprising a tilting means which can be tilted and arranged at an arbitrary angle. 2. The fitting removal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the automatic ignition means of the heating means, the speed adjusting means for changing the moving speed of the heating means in the front-back and circumferential directions, and the heating means are extinguished. Batch evacuation (burner closed, shrink, after,
A device for heating and extracting a fitted object, comprising: means for swinging.