JPH09268511A - Snowmelt freeze prevention structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a low-cost snow melting system requiring no water spray by making a snowmelt freeze prevention structure by using a snowmelt freeze prevention material on which tourmalines as a snowmelt freeze prevention material, are dispersed. SOLUTION: This snowmelt freeze prevention material 1 is obtained by kneading about 62wt.% porcelain clay, about 10wt.% far infrared radiating powder, about 20wt.% carbon powder, about 5wt.% fly ash, about 3wt.% tourmaline, as inorganic matrix materials, and water as a catalyst, forming it into a flat sheet and burning it at about 800 deg.C. The snowmelt freeze prevention material 1 is installed, for instance, on a building roof. The tourmaline here is a cyclosilicate mineral containing boron, and emits radiation most suited to melting snow and ice by absorbing heat around it. Therefore, even if there is a space in a snow cover, as the radiation propagates to individual snow crystals and is absorbed by snow, it exhibits a phenomenal snow melting effect. Thus no water spraying is needed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a snowmelt antifreezing structure, and more particularly to a snowmelt antifreezing structure for roads, parking lots, roofs of buildings, roofs of buildings, outer walls of buildings, outdoor facilities and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Snow melting in a heavy snowfall region has been an important issue for many years that determines the future of industry and lifestyles of local communities, and much research and development has been conducted to date. Among them, the most effective and practical snow melting method is widely used and used is the snow-melting method of pumping groundwater and sprinkling it, and it is currently adopted in many heavy snow regions.

As a method of preventing snow melting and freezing on roads,
Although a method of electrically heating by disposing an electric heater on an asphalt or concrete paved road, or on a roof or under a roof is expensive, it is partially adopted as an effective method.

[0004]

In the above-mentioned snow melting method using groundwater, the more popular the method is, the more ground subsidence occurs in the region, and the more harmful the groundwater resources are exhausted. In some areas, these have already become social problems, and in some cases roads, buildings, houses, etc. have been forced to undergo major restoration. Moreover, even in areas where this is not a problem at present, it is not possible to continue pumping groundwater forever, and it is necessary to devise countermeasures for it sooner or later.

Further, the snow melting method using an electric heater consumes a large amount of electric energy, so that the cost is high and cannot be adopted anywhere. Needless to say, cost reduction is desired even when the snow melting method using the electric heater is adopted regardless of the high cost. Therefore, the present invention has been made with the object of developing a snow melting system that does not require watering and is low in cost in response to such social demand.

[0006]

According to the present invention, the above-mentioned problems of the prior art are achieved by providing a snow-melting antifreezing structure using a snow-melting anti-freezing material in which tourmaline is dispersed as a snow-melting antifreezing agent. Will be resolved. Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a snow-melting anti-freezing structure characterized by comprising a snow-melting anti-freezing material in which tourmaline is dispersed as a snow-melting antifreezing agent and a heating means, and further from the outside air side. A snow melting anti-icing structure including a surface material, an intermediate layer, a heating means in order toward the inside, and at least one of the surface material and the intermediate layer is composed of a snow melting antifreezing material in which tourmaline is dispersed. Provided.

The structure for preventing snow from freezing according to the present invention includes, for example, roadways, sidewalks, roads including bridges, parking lots, civil engineering facilities such as building sites, roofs, rooftops, outer walls, exteriors (externals such as paving stones at the entrance). Building facilities such as (including facilities) are included. In the present invention, the term "antifreezing of snowmelt" refers to at least one of the functions of snowmelt and antifreezing, but the term "antifreezing" includes the meaning of thawing.

Although not limited to theory, tourmaline has a property that it absorbs ambient heat (light) and emits optimum radiation (in particular, a wavelength of about 6 to 10 μm) for melting snow and ice. As shown in the following examples, it is considered that a surprising snow-melt freeze prevention effect can be obtained. In particular, since snow has a low density and a low thermal conductivity, since the snow cover acts like a heat insulating material, there is a problem in principle in conventional snow melting by contact heat conduction. By using both heat conduction and radiant heat, even if there is space in the snow, the radiation is propagated to individual snow (snow crystals) and absorbed by the snow, creating a surprising snow melting effect never seen before. It is thought that he was able to play.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Tourmaline used as a snow melting antifreezing agent in the present invention is a boron-containing cyclosilicate mineral. It is divided into trypite, shawl, elvite, and thylasite according to their chemical composition. It is found in pegmatites, copper deposits and granite rocks. In the present invention,
It is preferable to use tourmaline as a mineral that has been beneficiated and refined from rocks including tourmaline. A crushed rock containing tourmaline (or a beneficiated rock) may be used as long as it can be dispersed to obtain a desired effect.

As a method of adding tourmaline, it is convenient and preferable to use particles or powder of tourmaline or tourmaline-containing material.
It has been confirmed that the proportion of tourmaline contained in the snow-melting antifreezing material is effective even in a small amount, and 0.01% by weight is also effective. Depending on the purpose, 0.05% by weight
As described above, it is preferably 0.1% by weight or more, and more preferably 0.3% by weight or more. 1% by weight or more, further 3% by weight depending on the purpose
The above is added. The upper limit of the amount of addition is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the physical properties required for the use of the snow melting antifreeze material, and may be 95% by weight or more, as long as it can bind. However, for normal use, 30% by weight
Below, 15% by weight or less, more preferably 10% by weight or less is sufficient. A preferred range is 0.1 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.3 to 3% by weight. The effect is obtained only by dispersing tourmaline.

Further, it is desirable to disperse tourmaline on all the surfaces for which the effect of preventing snow melting and freezing is to be obtained. However, it goes without saying that there is a region that cannot be locally dispersed, and it is not necessary to disperse it in an unnecessary portion. For example, in order to make a road a structure for preventing snow from freezing, in two examples, a mixture of tourmaline with other active ingredients is applied to a depth of 4 cm or a depth of 8 cm to obtain a remarkable effective effect. It was For roof tiles, a thickness of 1 cm was effective.

That is, the amount of dispersion and the depth (thickness) of the dispersion layer are appropriately determined in consideration of the effect. When using tourmaline which is the snowmelt antifreezing agent of the present invention in a specific snowmelt antifreezing structure, for example, if tourmaline is mixed in the tiles for sidewalk pavement, ceramic or mortar or concrete tile material It is possible to manufacture or construct by adding tourmaline to the asphalt, or in the case of an asphalt sidewalk, adding tourmaline into the asphalt.

If necessary, and preferably, in order to obtain the optimum snow-freezing prevention effect or to facilitate the addition of tourmaline, tourmaline is used as another material, particularly a material excellent in thermal conductivity. The target product is manufactured or constructed in combination with a material having a heat retaining effect. The snow melting antifreezing material in which tourmaline is dispersed preferably has high thermal conductivity when combined with a heating means as described later, and a heat storage material or a large heat capacity material is also effective for energy saving due to the heat retention effect. . Therefore, the base material and the additive are selected according to the application and the desired effect.

For example, when applied to a structure using ceramic tiles such as a building roof tile, an outer wall panel, and a sidewalk tile, it can be manufactured by kneading a ceramic material such as viscosity, porcelain clay, etc. and tourmaline and firing it, but is preferable. In order to enhance the thermal conductivity and to obtain the far-infrared effect, for example, carbon, carbon black, graphite, fly ash, high thermal conductivity materials such as alumina, heat storage materials are added, and carbon materials and antimony oxide are added. Doped stannic oxide, carbides of Group 4 transition metals of the Periodic Table of Elements (eg, Zr
C) and other far-infrared radiation materials such as oxides (eg, TiO ₂ ) and alumina (materials other than tourmaline which have the property of absorbing far-infrared rays by absorbing heat or light from the outside). Although not limited, depending on the economy and the requirements of the structure, for example, the high thermal conductive material is 5 to 40% by weight, preferably about 10 to 30% by weight, and the far infrared ray emitting material is 3 to 2% by weight.
It is recommended to add 0% by weight, preferably about 5 to 15% by weight. Carbon materials are particularly useful.

When used for concrete tiles or pavement, tourmaline is added to the concrete material, but preferably the above-mentioned high thermal conductive material, far infrared ray radiating material or, if necessary, ceramic material. Although it is added, it is easy to knead tourmaline, a material having high thermal conductivity, and a far-infrared radiation material, and mix the kneaded material with the concrete material.

When applied to asphalt pavement, tourmaline may be kneaded into the asphalt material, but in this case also, preferably, the above-mentioned high thermal conductive material or far-infrared radiation material, and if necessary, Add ceramic material. The addition of tourmaline, high thermal conductivity material, far-infrared radiation material to road materials such as asphalt material or concrete material is not limited, but for example, the kneading material used for the production of the above tiles may be the asphalt material. Alternatively, it may be added to the concrete material in an amount of about 3 to 30% by weight, preferably about 5 to 20% by weight.

Also, industrial waste materials such as fly ash can be used to contribute to solving environmental problems. Further, various fillers, aggregates, additives, etc. can be added as appropriate. It is recommended to select it considering the purpose and heat effect of the structure. Furthermore, mixing tourmaline into the metal material is also effective.

Although the case where an inorganic material is used has been described above, the same effect can be obtained even if tourmaline is mixed into the organic material. For example, tourmaline can be mixed into the resin panel. In the present invention, even if the tourmaline mixed with the resin sheet is arranged inside the surface material (preferably, a heating device is arranged further inside the surface material), a desired snow-melt freezing prevention effect can be obtained. . The amount of tourmaline added to the resin sheet is not limited, but is generally 0.1.
The amount may be from 10 to 10% by weight, preferably from 1 to 5% by weight, and further around 3% by weight. Although the material of the resin is not limited, the use of agricultural vinyl chloride waste is inexpensive and contributes to effective use of resources and solution of environmental problems. The thickness of the resin sheet is not limited. If necessary, it may be perforated and used for air permeability and water permeability.

In manufacturing and constructing the snow-melting antifreezing structure of the present invention, the snow-melting antifreezing material is usually used as a surface material in contact with the outside air, but even if it is used as an intermediate layer (intermediate material) inside the surface material. Good. This is because the radiation penetrates the surface material. Therefore, the surface material may be determined according to the purpose of use and in consideration of thermal conductivity. Further, the surface material or the snow melting antifreezing material of the intermediate layer may have a multilayer structure. It can be changed according to the application and the desired effect of preventing snow melting.

According to the snow-melting antifreezing structure using the snowmelt antifreezing material in which tourmaline is dispersed according to the present invention, the snow-melting antifreezing material has a thaw-melting action even when the outside air temperature is close to the freezing temperature. Electromagnetic waves (radiation) are radiated to exert the effect of preventing snow melting and freezing. However, with this snow melting anti-freezing material alone, the snow melting defrosting action does not occur when the temperature falls below the freezing temperature. Therefore, it is desirable to construct a snow melting anti-freezing system that heats at least the surface temperature of the snow melting antifreezing material to a temperature higher than the freezing temperature.

The heating method is not particularly limited, and as is conventionally known, a method of passing hot water through an underground pipe or embedding an electric heater may be adopted. However, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a planar electric heater is used. In particular, if a planar electric heater having a so-called PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) characteristic is used, the thermostat can be omitted, and the facility cost can be reduced. Further, since the PTC element has the self-temperature controllability and the property of keeping a constant temperature as a balance with the ambient temperature, it is possible to eliminate the unevenness of the ambient temperature change, and consequently to reduce the electricity consumption. As the PTC element, for example, one made of a composition in which carbon black is dispersed in polyethylene is known.

In one embodiment of the present invention, an intermediate layer is provided between the surface material and the planar heater, and at least one of the surface material and the intermediate layer is formed of a snow melting antifreezing material in which tourmaline is dispersed. . Although it is more desirable to configure both the surface layer and the intermediate layer with snowmelt antifreezing material in which tourmaline is dispersed,
It is also effective in reducing heating energy if you do not use snowmelt antifreeze in which tourmaline is dispersed, or if you use far infrared radiation material or high thermal conductivity material for the surface material and part of the intermediate layer. is there. Although the theory is not limited, it is considered to be due to the heat propagation and heat retention effects of the far infrared radiation material or the high thermal conductivity material. However, if both the surface layer and the intermediate layer are made of snow melting antifreezing material in which tourmaline is dispersed, heat transfer due to radiation and the action of snow melting are added in addition to such heat transfer and heat retention effects, so it is more effective. is there.

In the present invention, it is most preferable that the intermediate layer is a resin sheet in which tourmaline is dispersed in combination with a surface material in which tourmaline is dispersed, and the resin sheet is disposed on the planar heater. As the far-infrared radiation material and the high thermal conductivity material, the same materials as described above can be used. In order to make the surface material, the intermediate layer or a part thereof into the far infrared ray emitting material and the high thermal conductive material, the far infrared ray emitting particles or the high thermal conductive particles may be mixed in the resin material.

As described above, the snow-melting antifreezing material of the present invention is used as tiles or panels, or asphalt or concrete construction, depending on the application, but asphalt pavement is used as road paving material. in case of,
Insert concrete material between the asphalt paving material containing tourmaline and the heater (and the intermediate layer, especially the resin sheet) so that the heated asphalt paving material does not rise to a temperature high enough to soften it. Is desirable.

If a heat insulating layer is provided below or inside the heating device (particularly, a sheet-like electric heater), the heat can be more effectively transmitted to the surface side of the snow melting antifreezing material. As a heat insulation layer, it can be used for buildings (rooftop, roof,
So-called resin foam and the like are effective for outer walls and the like, but aggregates having low thermal conductivity may be laid in addition to resin foam in the ground such as roads.

Surprisingly, in the conventional snow melting heating system, the snow melting effect cannot be obtained unless the outside air temperature is heated to a temperature of about 23 ° C. or higher. Even at a low temperature of about 2 ° C, the snowmelt freeze prevention effect was exhibited. That is, if the outside air temperature is higher than the freezing temperature, the effect of preventing snow melting is exhibited. Therefore, according to the present invention, the outer surface temperature of the snow melting antifreezing material is 20 ° C. or lower, further 15 ° C. or lower, particularly 5 ° C. or lower, and further 2-3.
It is possible to build a snowmelt freeze prevention system that is set at ℃, and the effect of reducing the electricity bill is extremely large. That is, in order to achieve complete snow melting by performing experiments under the same climatic conditions as described in detail in the following examples, an electric heater is laid on the entire surface in a conventional snow melting heating system, and a heating element temperature of 50 to 80 ° C. However, in the present invention, the electric heater is laid on only a part of the heating area (less than half, for example, about ⅓ of the area), and at 50 ° C. Set the heating element temperature below (preferably about 30 ° C underground temperature) and intermittently heat by energization (for example, every 2 hours).
Was enough. Of course, this is more economical than the hot water boiler method and heat pipe method. However, the area, heating temperature, heating time, etc. of the electric heater do not limit the present invention.

Further, in the snow-melting antifreezing heating system of the present invention, the snowmelt antifreezing effect is exerted with sufficient economic efficiency without using groundwater or hot water. Therefore, the problems of the prior art associated with pumping up groundwater are solved satisfactorily. , To meet social demand. Representative aspects of the present invention are shown below. (1) A snow melting anti-freezing structure comprising a snow melting anti-freezing material in which tourmaline is dispersed as a snow melting antifreezing agent.

(2) A snowmelt antifreezing structure comprising a snowmelt antifreezing material in which tourmaline is dispersed as a snowmelt antifreezing agent and a heating means. (3) including a surface material, a heating means arranged inside the surface material, and an intermediate layer arranged between the surface material and the heating means,
At least one of the surface material and the intermediate layer is composed of a snowmelt antifreezing material in which tourmaline is dispersed, and a snowmelt antifreezing structure.

(4) Tourmaline antifreezing material has tourmaline dispersed in an inorganic material. (5) Tourmaline antifreeze has tourmaline dispersed in an organic material. (6) The inorganic material of the snow melting antifreeze material is mortar or concrete. (7) The inorganic material of the snow melting antifreeze material is ceramics. (8) Asphalt is an inorganic material of the snow-melting antifreeze material.

(9) The surface material is made of asphalt in which tourmaline is dispersed, and a non-asphalt inorganic material layer is further provided between the asphalt surface material and the intermediate layer. (10) The surface sheet is made of an inorganic material in which tourmaline is dispersed, and the intermediate layer is a resin sheet in which tourmaline is dispersed. (11) Snow melting antifreeze 0.1 to 10% by weight tourmaline
Including.

(12) The heating means has a positive temperature coefficient (PTC).
It is a planar electric heater having characteristics. (13) The heating means is laid in an area less than half of the snow-melting freeze prevention area. (14) The heating means is intermittently energized. (15) The heating means is temperature-controlled to heat the surface temperature of the surface material to 15 ° C. or lower.

(16) The temperature of the heating element of the heating means is controlled to less than 50 ° C. (17) The snow melting antifreeze structure is a road. (18) The snow-melting antifreeze structure is a sidewalk. (19) The snow melting antifreezing structure is a building roof. (20) The snow melting antifreeze structure is on the roof of the building.

(21) The snow melting / freezing prevention structure is a parking lot. (22) The snow melting anti-freezing structure is the building exterior.

[0034]

【Example】

(Example 1) 62% by weight of clay as an inorganic matrix material, 10% by weight of far infrared radiation powder (commercially available from Sanki & Co.), 20% by weight of carbon powder, 5% by weight of fly ash, tourmaline (commercially available from Sanki & Co.) 3% by weight of water was kneaded as a solvent, formed into a flat plate shape, and fired at 800 ° C. to obtain a sintered body (snow melting antifreeze material) 1.

Similarly, the total amount of clay and tourmaline is 65
%, And the amount of tourmaline added is 0.02% by weight, 0.1
Sintered bodies (snow melting antifreeze materials) 2 to 5 were prepared by changing the content to 1% by weight, 1% by weight, and 10% by weight. In addition, I made the thing which changed all of fly ash into clay. For comparison,
A porcelain plate prepared in the same manner using 100% by weight porcelain clay, and a mortar plate molded and cured in the same shape as above with mortar using sand were prepared.

When ice was placed on these plates, the ice immediately melted on the plates (snow melting antifreeze materials 1 to 5) in which tourmaline was dispersed, but on the ceramic plate and the mortar plate, the ice did not melt. It didn't melt easily. Similar results were obtained using snow instead of ice. (Example 2) As in Example 1, 62% by weight of porcelain clay, 10% by weight of far infrared radiation powder, 20% by weight of carbon powder,
A kneaded material obtained by kneading tourmaline 3% by weight and fly ash 5% by weight with water as a solvent is used to obtain 10 parts of asphalt.
It was mixed so as to become a weight%. (Snow melting antifreeze material 6) Similarly, the same kneaded material was mixed so as to be 10% by weight with respect to the mortar using river sand. (Snow melting anti-freezing material 7) These were also thawed using ice and snow and a snow melting experiment was conducted. The same effect as that of the snow melting antifreeze material of Example 1 was confirmed.

Example 3 Agricultural vinyl chloride waste was crushed, washed and dried, and then 3% by weight of tourmaline (average particle size 0.6 μm) was melt-kneaded and extruded to a thickness of 0.8 mm. Created a sheet. Holes having a diameter of 1 mm were punched in this sheet at intervals of 10 mm in the vertical and horizontal directions, offset by 5 mm in each row. Place this resin sheet on the PTC sheet heater, and then set a thickness of 10 mm on it.
Prepare the one with the ceramic plate placed and the one with the same ceramic plate directly placed on the PTC planar heater without the resin sheet.
The heater was heated to 30 ° C., and ice and snow were put on a ceramic plate to perform an experiment.

When the snow-melting antifreezing materials prepared in Examples 1 to 3 are used for roads, roofs, roofs, etc., it is obvious that the snow-melting antifreezing effect is more effective than when using general materials. (Example 4) A roof snow melting experiment building (roof snow melting area 16 m ² ), a roof snow melting experiment facility (roof snow melting area 10 m ² ), a road snow melting experiment facility (road snow melting area) in Tasaki Shinbori Industrial Park in Muikamachi, Niigata Prefecture. 20 m ² ) was constructed and snowmelt experiment was actually conducted during the winter snow season.

FIG. 1 shows a plan view of the experimental facility. The lower left 1 is a roof snow melting experiment building, the upper left 2 is a roof snow melting experimental facility, the right is a road (sidewalk) snow melting experimental facility, the upper half is a concrete pavement part (10 m ² ) and the lower half is an asphalt pavement part (10 m ² ). is there. Fig. 2 shows the roof snow melting system of the roof snow melting laboratory. From the bottom, foam insulation sheet 21, P
TC planar electric heater 22, far infrared radiation resin sheet 2
3. Snow melting antifreeze roof tiles 24 are laid.

The foam insulation sheet 21 is optional. For example, a foam polystyrene sheet or the like can be used. The PTC planar electric heater 22 is a long planar heater with a width of 25 cm purchased from Nippon Oil Seal (NOK) Co., Ltd. and is laid as shown in the plan view of FIG.
o. 1 to No. 5 (22a to 22e) is configured to be energized separately. In FIG. 3, 22a, 22b, 22c,
22d and 22e are heating element group Nos. 1 to N
o. 5

As the far-infrared emitting resin sheet 23, a sheet prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 was used, and this was laid over the entire surface. As the snow melting anti-freezing roof tile 24, one prepared as a slate roofing tile with the same composition and the same procedure as the snow melting antifreezing material 1 of Example 1 was used. It was laid like a normal slate tile. (Example 5) Fig. 4 shows a rooftop snow melting system of a rooftop snow melting experiment facility. A PTC planar electric heater 32, a far-infrared radiation sheet 33, and a snow melting freeze prevention tile 34 are laid in order from the bottom. Foam insulation sheet 31 and layers 35, 3 of FIG.
6 is an optional element.

The PTC planar electric heater 32 is the same as that of the second embodiment, except that a long planar heater having a width of 25 cm is 30.
Laminated at intervals of cm. As the far infrared radiation sheet 33, a resin sheet prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 was laid over the entire surface. As the snow melting anti-freezing tile 34, a tile having 60 cm × 90 cm × 1 cm having the same composition as the snow melting antifreezing material 1 of Example 1 and the same procedure was used.

(Embodiment 6) FIG. 5 shows a road snow melting system of a road snow melting experiment facility. Insulating layer 41, PT in order from the bottom
C-plane electric heater 42, far infrared radiation resin sheet 43,
The base layer concrete layer 44 and the snow melting antifreeze asphalt layer (surface layer) 45. The heat insulating layer 41 is an aggregate layer mainly made of gravel or cobblestone. PTC planar electric heater 42
Is the same as the second embodiment, but as shown in FIG.
Elongated sheet heaters 32a having a width of 25 cm were arranged at intervals of about 30 cm. The far-infrared emitting resin sheet 43 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 and was laid over the entire surface. As the base concrete layer 44, concrete composed of cement, sand, and aggregate (pebbles) was applied thereon with a thickness of 4 cm.

The snow melting anti-freezing asphalt layer 45 was formed to have a thickness (depth) of 4 cm by the same procedure and the same composition as the snow melting anti-freezing material 6 of Example 2. (Embodiment 7) Similar to Embodiment 6, except that the snow melting antifreeze asphalt layer 45 is omitted and the concrete layer 44 having a thickness of 4 cm is used as a pavement surface as it is.

(Results of Example 4) Since snow was observed from December and the snow was sufficiently accumulated in January, the experiment was started. For example, the roof snow melting experiment conducted on February 17 was under the following conditions. Measurement date and time: From 8:00 am to 5:00 pm Measurement time: 9 hours Roof snow melting area: 16 m ² Temperature: Maximum temperature 2.2 ℃, minimum temperature -0.8 ℃ Snowfall: Max 5.5 cm / 1 hour Snowfall Cumulative total: 23.3 cm / 9 hours At this time, snow was completely melted according to the heating element energization schedule shown in FIG. The amount of snowfall, the temperature, and the power consumption for each time at that time are also shown in FIG. The following data are obtained from this.

Power consumption: 9.5 Kw / 9 hours / 16 m ² Power consumption per unit area: 0.066 Kw / 16 m ² ·
Time Power consumption cost per unit area (yen / m ² · hour): Power consumption rate = 9.5 Kw ÷ 9 hours ÷ 16 m ² × 10.45
Yen / Kw = 0.69 yen / m ² · hour (Result of Example 5) A rooftop snow melting experiment was performed under the condition of complete snow melting as in Example 4, but intermittent low-cost operation was possible. there were. The power consumption cost per unit area was the same as that of the fourth embodiment.

(Results of Example 6) A road snow melting experiment was conducted under the condition of complete snow melting as in Example 4. As described below, it was possible to operate at low cost with intermittent energization. The power consumption cost per unit area was 0.36 yen / m ² · hour. Measurement date and time: From 8:00 am to 4:00 pm Measurement time: 8 hours Roof snow melting area: 20 m ² Temperature: Maximum temperature 2.2 ° C, Minimum temperature -0.6 ° C Snowfall: Maximum 5.5 cm / 1 hour Snowfall Total: 21.0 cm / 8 hours Power consumption: 5.5 Kw / 8 hours / 20 m ² Power consumption per unit area: 0.0344 Kw / 16 m ²
・ Time Power consumption cost per unit area (yen / m ² · hour): Power consumption rate = 0.0344 Kw x 10.45 yen / Kw =
0.36 yen / m ² · hour When comparing the results of this road snowmelt experiment with the conventional snowmelt system, it is as follows.

[0048] comparative method kerosene fee electric fee total contrast hot water boiler 1.55 yen 0.46 yen 2.01 yen / m ² · h 5.66 Heat pipe 2.92 yen 0.13 yen 3.05 yen / m ²・ h 8.47 The present invention ─── 0.36 yen 0.36 yen / m ²・ h 1.00 In both the asphalt pavement part and the concrete pavement part, a perfect snow melting effect was obtained. The asphalt pavement had a better snow melting effect. It is unclear why the asphalt pavement portion showed a better snow melting effect than the concrete pavement portion, even though the pavement surface was farther from the heater, but it is thought that it was because the snow melting antifreeze material of the present invention was thickened. To be

[0049]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As is clear from the above description, according to the structure for preventing melting of snow melt of the present invention, it is possible to realize the prevention of melting of snow melt at low cost without using groundwater, which is extremely great for social demand. It must be said to be a thing. In addition,
In the above embodiments, the road, the roof, and the roof were mainly described, but it is obvious that the present invention can be widely applied to other general snow-melting antifreezing structures.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a snow melting experiment site.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a roof snow melting system of a roof snow melting experiment building.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a heater of a roof snow melting system of a roof snow melting experiment building.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a rooftop snow melting system in a rooftop snow melting laboratory.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a rooftop snow melting system of a road snow melting experiment building.

[Fig. 6] Heating schedule, snowfall amount, temperature, and power consumption of the road snow melting experiment building.

[Explanation of symbols]

 21, 31 ... Foamed heat insulating sheet 22, 32, 42 ... PTC planar heating sheet 23, 33, 43 ... Far infrared radiation resin sheet 24 ... Snow melting antifreezing tile 34 ... Snow melting antifreezing tile 41 ... Thermal insulation layer 44 ... Base layer concrete 45 … Snow melting freeze prevention asphalt

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A snow melting antifreezing structure comprising a snow melting antifreezing material in which tourmaline is dispersed as a snow melting antifreezing agent. 2. A snow melting anti-freezing structure comprising a snow melting anti-freezing material in which tourmaline is dispersed as a snow melting antifreezing agent, and a heating means. 3. A surface material, a heating means arranged inside the surface material, and an intermediate layer arranged between the surface material and the heating means, and at least the surface material and the intermediate layer. A snow-melting anti-freezing structure, characterized in that one is made of a snow-melting anti-freezing material in which tourmaline is dispersed. 4. A surface material made of snow melting antifreezing material in which tourmaline is dispersed in an inorganic material, heating means arranged inside the surface material, and arranged between the surface material and the heating means. And a resin sheet made of a snowmelt antifreezing material in which tourmaline is dispersed, the snowmelt antifreezing structure. 5. The snow melting antifreezing structure according to claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein the heating means is a planar electric heater having a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) characteristic. 6. The snow melting anti-freezing structure according to claim 1, wherein the snow melting anti-freezing structure is a road. 7. The snowmelt antifreezing structure according to claim 1, wherein the snowmelt antifreezing structure is a building roof. 8. The snow melting anti-freezing structure according to claim 1, wherein the snow melting anti-freezing structure is a rooftop of a building. 9. The snow melting anti-freezing structure according to claim 1, wherein the snow melting anti-freezing structure is a parking lot.