JPH09195220A - Snow melting and freezing preventing structure for ground, and its constructing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structure excellent in durability and strength which has high snow melting and freezing preventing effect, excellent in economical efficiency, and suitable for a road receiving a dynamic load such as main road. SOLUTION: A heat insulating layer 3 is arranged on a roadbed 2, a surface heating element 4 is laid on the heat insulating layer 3, a mixture containing a far infrared emitting material for emitting a far infrared ray within a wavelength band of 2-25μm and an adhesive compound showing stickiness at a prescribed temperature or more is arranged on the surface heating element 4 at the prescribed temperature or more to form a far infrared emitting layer 5, and a road surface layer 6 is formed thereon. Otherwise, a sheet-like matter formed of the far infrared emitting material and an adhesive compound is laid on the surface heating element 4, and a road surface material heated to the prescribed temperature of the adhesive compound or more is arranged, whereby the road surface layer 6 is formed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ground snow melting / freezing prevention structure and a construction method thereof for preventing snow melting and freezing on the surface of a road or a parking lot.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Prevention of snow melting and freezing on the ground in cold regions has been an important issue in controlling the industry and life style of local communities, and various snow melting and freezing prevention methods have been proposed. Technology is being developed.

For example, there is a method of burying a heating element such as an electric heater, a hot water pipe or a heat pipe under the ground, and melting the snow accumulated on the ground surface by the heat from the heating element or preventing the freezing thereof.

However, in this method, the surface layer of the ground is directly heated by the heating element, and the heat conducted through the surface layer is used to prevent snow melting and freezing on the surface of the ground. There is a problem that is. That is, since snow is an aggregate of ice containing a lot of air and has a very high heat insulation property, conduction heat from the surface layer is not sufficiently transferred into the snow, and effective snow melting and frost prevention cannot be achieved. .
Therefore, this conventional method has a problem that a large amount of energy is required to perform sufficient snow melting and the like, and the maintenance cost is too large.

Therefore, the present inventor has paid attention to the fact that snow and ice (hereinafter referred to as snow and the like) efficiently resonantly absorb and melt far infrared rays in the wavelength range of 5 to 25 μm. A snow melting / freezing prevention structure for the ground and a construction method for making it suitable for practicing snow melting / freezing on the ground were considered. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a snow melting / freezing preventing structure for the ground, which has a high snow melting / freezing preventing effect and is excellent in economic efficiency, and which is suitable for practical use, and a construction method thereof.

[0006]

A structure for preventing snow from melting and freezing on the ground according to the present invention is provided with a heat insulating layer arranged on a base, a heating element arranged on the heat insulating layer, and arranged on the heating element. A far-infrared radiation layer that converts heat generated by the heating element into far-infrared radiation in a wavelength range of 5 to 25 μm and emits the far-infrared radiation; and a surface layer formed on the far-infrared radiation layer, The far-infrared radiation layer contains a pressure-sensitive adhesive exhibiting tackiness at a predetermined temperature or higher, and the far-infrared radiation layer is fixed to the substrate and / or the heat insulation layer by the tackiness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive (claim Item 1).

In this structure, the heat generated by the heating element is converted into far infrared rays in the wavelength range of 5 to 25 μm by the far infrared radiation layer arranged on the upper surface, and the converted far infrared rays pass through the surface layer. Is radiated to snow on the ground. Snow, etc.
Since the far infrared rays are efficiently absorbed and melted, the snow melting / freezing prevention effect is very high and the economy is excellent as compared with the case where heat is transferred through the surface layer. In addition, since the far-infrared radiation layer contains a pressure-sensitive adhesive having a predetermined temperature or higher,
By setting the far-infrared radiation layer at the predetermined temperature or higher during construction of this structure, the far-infrared radiation layer is fixed to the substrate and / or the heat insulating layer. That is, since the far-infrared radiation layer firmly fixes each layer in the ground, the ground strength and durability are excellent. Further, since the far-infrared radiation layer is fixed by its own adhesiveness, a fixing member such as a nail is not necessary, and therefore construction is easy.

In the structure of claim 1, it is preferable that the far infrared radiation layer is fixed to the heating element by the adhesive property of the adhesive (claim 2).

As described above, when the far-infrared radiation layer adhered to the base and / or the heat insulating layer is further adhered to the upper surface of the heating element, the base and / or heat insulation layer and the heating element are far-infrared emitting layer. Since it is integrated by the above, it is excellent in durability and strength of the ground, and is very useful when the present structure is applied to a road, particularly a main road.

This is because on a road, especially on a main road, a large vehicle travels at a high speed, the road surface receives a dynamic load and an impact load, and various forces are applied to the inside of the road from the outside. That is, if an object that is not normally buried in the road, such as a heating element or a sheet for promoting the snow melting effect, is inserted under such a road surface, it becomes a large negative factor for the strength and durability of the road. In fact, on roads with embedded heating elements, cracks, deformations and damages on the road due to the separation and displacement of the roadbed and road surface layer due to these heating elements, fires due to wire breaks and failures of the heating elements, etc. have occurred again. , Is a big problem in practical use. With this structure,
This problem can be solved by the integration effect.

Further, since the far-infrared radiation layer is in a fused state with the heating element, the far-infrared radiation intensity (W / m ² ) is excellent and the snow-melting / freezing prevention effect is excellent.

In the structure of claim 1, it is preferable that the adhesive is an alicyclic hydrocarbon resin (claim 3).

The alicyclic hydrocarbon resin melts when heated above the softening point, penetrates into the surroundings, and solidifies below the softening point to exhibit strong adhesiveness and elasticity of the far infrared radiation layer. Since the heat resistance is improved, peeling and deviation due to the protection of the heating element and the strengthening of the bonding of the layers below the ground are prevented, and the durability and strength of the ground can be obtained.

In the structure of claim 1, it is preferable that the surface layer contains a far-infrared radiation material that emits far-infrared radiation in a wavelength range of 5 to 25 μm (claim 4).

The far-infrared radiation material contained in this surface layer resonates with far-infrared radiation emitted from the far-infrared radiation layer and radiates far-infrared rays of 5 to 25 μm to the ground surface. Attenuation of emitted far infrared rays can be suppressed to the minimum, and effective snow melting and freezing can be prevented.

In the structure of claim 4, it is preferable that the far-infrared radiation layer and the surface layer contain magnetite (claim 5).

Magnetite imparts magnetism to water molecules existing inside or on the surface layer of the far-infrared radiation layer or surface layer, and increases the ionization tendency of these water molecules. Therefore, when a substance that emits far-infrared rays and magnetite coexist, the water molecules in the irradiated body are more activated and higher than those in the case of only far-infrared rays due to the synergistic effect of far-infrared rays and magnetic lines of force. A snow melting / freezing prevention effect can be obtained.

In the structure of claim 2, the surface layer is formed by arranging a surface material on the far-infrared radiation layer in a state where the surface material is heated to the predetermined temperature or higher of the adhesive. Is preferred (claim 6).

The surface material heated to a predetermined temperature or higher heats the pressure-sensitive adhesive of the far-infrared radiation layer to a temperature higher than the predetermined temperature and exhibits tackiness. Due to this tackiness, the surface layer and the far-infrared radiation layer are separated. Affixed to the base and / or thermal insulation layer,
The heating element and the surface layer are integrated by the far infrared radiation layer. Therefore, it is more excellent in durability and strength of the ground.

In the structure of claim 6, it is preferable that the surface layer contains a pressure-sensitive adhesive that exhibits tackiness at a predetermined temperature or higher (claim 7).

The pressure-sensitive adhesive contained in this surface layer further enhances the effect of fixing the far-infrared radiation layer and the surface layer due to the adhesiveness when the surface layer is formed. It also contributes to the stabilizing effect of the surface layer.

In the structure according to claim 1, for example, a heat insulating layer is arranged on a base, and a heating element is laid on the heat insulating layer.
A mixture containing a far-infrared radiation material that emits far-infrared rays in the wavelength range of μm and an adhesive having an adhesive property at a predetermined temperature or higher is placed on the heating element at the predetermined temperature or higher to form a far-infrared radiation layer. Then, it is constructed by forming a surface layer on the far-infrared radiation layer (claim 8).

In this construction method, the mixture containing the far-infrared radiation material and the adhesive is placed on the heating element while being heated to a predetermined temperature or higher. Depending on the nature, the far-infrared radiation layer adheres to the heating element and the substrate and / or the heat insulation layer. Therefore, the construction is easy.

In this construction method, if the surface material of the pressure-sensitive adhesive heated above the predetermined temperature is arranged on the far-infrared radiation layer to form the surface layer (claim 9), the surface layer and the surface layer are separated from each other. The infrared radiation layer is easily fixed.

According to the structure of claim 1, a heat insulating layer is arranged on the substrate, a heating element is laid on the heat insulating layer, and far infrared rays in a wavelength range of 5 to 25 μm are radiated on the heating element. Laying a sheet-like material consisting of a far-infrared radiation material and an adhesive exhibiting adhesiveness at a predetermined temperature or higher, and arranging a surface material of the pressure-sensitive adhesive heated above the predetermined temperature on the sheet-like material. Construction is performed by forming the surface layer (claim 1
0).

In this construction method, when the surface material is placed on the sheet-like material, the pressure-sensitive adhesive contained in the sheet-like material exhibits tackiness due to the heat of the surface material, and due to this adhesiveness, the sheet-like material is The far-infrared radiation layer formed by the above is fixed to the heating element, and at the same time, the far-infrared radiation layer and the surface layer are fixed.

In the structure of claim 1, a heat insulating layer is arranged on the base, a heating element is laid on the heat insulating layer, and far infrared rays in a wavelength range of 5 to 25 μm are radiated on the heating element. Laying a sheet-like material made of far-infrared radiation material and an adhesive that exhibits adhesiveness at a predetermined temperature or higher, and heating the edge of the sheet-like material to the predetermined temperature or higher to form the sheet-like material on the substrate. And / or after being fixed to the heat insulating layer, a construction is performed by forming a surface layer on the sheet-like material (claim 1
1).

As described above, when the far infrared radiation layer is formed of a sheet-like material, it is required in construction that the sheet-like material is temporarily laid after the sheet-like material is laid on the heating element. According to the construction method of claim 11, by heating the edge portion of the sheet-shaped material to a predetermined temperature or higher, the pressure-sensitive adhesive at the edge portion exhibits tackiness, and due to this tackiness, the edge portion becomes a base and / or Alternatively, the sheet-like material is temporarily fixed by being fixed to the heat insulating layer. Therefore, the temporary fixing of the sheet-like material is easy, and it is less laborious and more efficient than the case where the peripheral edge of the sheet is fixed to the base using a large number of nails.

In the construction method according to claim 11, 5
A mixture containing a far-infrared ray emitting material that emits far-infrared rays in a wavelength range of ˜25 μm and an adhesive agent that exhibits adhesiveness at a predetermined temperature or higher at the predetermined temperature or higher and the edge portion of the sheet-like material It is preferable that the edge portion of the sheet-like material is heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature by arranging so as to cover and to contact the base and / or the heat insulating layer (claim 1).
2).

According to this method, not only the temporary fixing of the sheet-like article at the time of construction becomes easy, but also the effect of fixing the sheet-like article to the base and / or the heat insulating layer is excellent. Further, since the far-infrared radiation layer is formed even in the area not covered with the sheet-like material, the snow melting effect is excellent.

In the above construction methods of claims 9, 10 and 12, it is preferable that the surface layer contains a pressure sensitive adhesive which exhibits tackiness at a predetermined temperature or higher (claim 13).

[0032]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, the road (1) to which the ground snow melting / freezing prevention structure according to the first embodiment is applied will be described with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, this road (1) has a heat insulating layer (3) which is arranged on the roadbed (2) over substantially the entire surface thereof, and is laid on this heat insulating layer (3). A plurality of planar heating elements (4) (4) ... and a far-infrared radiation layer formed by entirely covering the plurality of planar heating elements (4) (4). (5) and a road surface layer (6) which is the outermost layer formed on the far infrared radiation layer (5).

The details of each of the above components of the road (1) will be described together with the construction method.

The roadbed (2) which is the road base is the road (1)
Is formed in a groove shape along the traveling direction of the above, and the heat insulating layer (3) and the like described above are laminated in the groove (21). The roadbed (2) is formed of a grain-crushed stone layer and a stabilizing layer (base layer) or an existing pavement (concrete, mortar, asphalt concrete, etc.).

The heat insulating layer (3) is made of polystyrene foam,
It is formed by laying a general foamed resin panel material such as rigid polyurethane foam and polyolefin foam, a heat insulating material such as a ceramic plate and a glass fiber sheet material on the roadbed (2) over substantially the entire surface thereof. . When the heat insulating material is laid on almost the entire surface as described above, it is preferable to fix the heat insulating layer (3) and the roadbed (2) with an appropriate adhesive.

The sheet heating element (4) is an elongated rectangular plate heating element (width 225 mm × length 2,000 mm × thickness 3 m).
m), as shown in FIG. 1, on the upper surface of the heat insulating layer (3), at a predetermined interval w1 along the traveling direction of the road (1).
(= 600 to 750 mm) are arranged in parallel. The sheet heating elements (4) (4) ... Are connected to the power supply wiring (41) arranged along the center line (42) of the road (1).

The planar heating element (4) is a heating element having a PTC characteristic and having a self-temperature control function, and is composed of an organic thermal semiconductor obtained by mixing and rolling carbon and an organic polymer resin.
The Curie temperature is 50 ° C. That is, in the sheet heating element (4), the electric resistance value increases as the temperature rises,
When the temperature is 50 ° C. or higher, the electric resistance value suddenly increases, the current decreases, and the temperature does not rise any more.

The far-infrared radiation layer (5) is a layer for converting the heat generated by the sheet heating element (4) into far-infrared rays having a wavelength range of 5 to 25 μm and radiating the far-infrared rays. The road (1)
It is distributed almost all over. The far-infrared radiation layer (5) is a far-infrared radiation material that converts heat into far-infrared radiation in a wavelength range of 5 to 25 μm and radiates it, and an alicyclic carbonized material that is an adhesive that exhibits adhesiveness at a predetermined temperature or higher. It contains hydrogen resin.

To form the far-infrared radiation layer (5), first, the pressure-sensitive adhesive is heated to a temperature above the predetermined temperature, that is, above the softening point of the alicyclic hydrocarbon resin to be in a molten state, and the far-infrared radiation layer is removed. A compound is prepared by adding an infrared emitting material and kneading. Then, at the construction site, the compound is heated to be in a molten state, and the molten material is applied or poured on the upper surfaces of the sheet heating element (4) and the heat insulating layer (3) to be solidified by heat radiation. At this time, the adhesive is fused to the upper surface of the sheet heating element (4) and the upper surface of the heat insulating layer (3), and the far-infrared radiation layer (5) becomes the sheet heating element (4) and the heat insulating layer (3). Stick to. Therefore, the sheet heating element (4) is fixed on the heat insulating layer (3) by the far infrared radiation layer (5),
Therefore, it is fixed to the roadbed (2). That is, the heat insulating layer (3) and the sheet heating element (4) are integrated by the far infrared radiation layer (5). In addition, asphalt may be added to the melt as needed.

The road surface layer (6) is a surface layer of the road (1) which oscillates at the far infrared wavelength radiated from the far infrared radiation layer (5) and radiates the far infrared to the road surface. It is formed so as to entirely cover the upper surface of the radiation layer (5). The road surface layer (6) contains asphalt concrete as a base material and contains far infrared radiation material.

To form the road surface layer (6), first,
150-180 asphalt concrete which is the base material
It is heated to ℃ and melted, and the far-infrared ray emitting material is added and mixed to this. At this time, the above-mentioned pressure-sensitive adhesive may be further added. The road surface material made of the above is paved on the far-infrared radiation layer (5) while being heated to the softening point of the pressure-sensitive adhesive contained in the far-infrared radiation layer (5), that is, at a temperature of, for example, 150 to 180 ° C. At this time, the far infrared radiation layer (5)
The adhesive is softened by the heat of the road surface material, and the interface between the far infrared radiation layer (5) and the road surface layer (6) is fused. Therefore, the road surface layer (6) firmly adheres to the far infrared radiation layer (5). Therefore, the far-infrared radiation layer (5) integrates the heat insulating layer (3), the sheet heating element (4) and the road surface layer (6).

In the road (1) constructed as described above, the far infrared ray emitting material (5) is mixed in the far infrared ray emitting layer (5) in an amount of 5 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the adhesive. 25 parts by weight, asphalt 0
It is preferably 50 parts by weight. If the compounding amount of the far-infrared ray emitting material is less than 5 parts by weight, the far-infrared ray effect is low and 25
If the amount is more than parts by weight, the effect of the pressure-sensitive adhesive tends to decrease.
Also, asphalt can be contained if necessary, but 50
If it exceeds the weight part, the effect of the pressure-sensitive adhesive decreases.

Here, as the adhesive, polyethylene,
Aliphatic hydrocarbon resins such as polypropylene and polybutadiene can also be used, but alicyclic hydrocarbon resins are most preferred from the viewpoint of adhesiveness, elasticity and heat resistance. As the alicyclic hydrocarbon resin, for example, an alicyclic hydrocarbon resin whose main raw material is cyclopentadiene extracted from a C ₅ (carbon number = 5) fraction obtained by naphtha decomposition is preferable. As such an example, Quinton 1000 series (manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.) can be used.
The alicyclic hydrocarbon resin also includes those containing an ester group or a hydroxyl group.

Further, this adhesive has adhesiveness at a predetermined temperature, and the predetermined temperature is 100 to
150 ° C. is preferred. More preferably 120-150 ° C
It is. If the temperature is lower than 100 ° C., the effect of fixing the sheet heating element (4) by the far-infrared radiation layer (5) may be deteriorated due to a rise in road surface temperature in summer and excessive heat generation of the sheet heating element (4). Not preferable. Further, when the temperature is higher than 150 ° C., when asphalt concrete is used as the base material of the road surface layer (6), the adhesive does not exhibit adhesiveness during paving, and the far infrared radiation layer (5) and the road surface layer (6) It is not preferable because the effect of integration with

As far-infrared emitting materials to be contained in the far-infrared emitting layer (5), carbon materials, quartz-based volcanic rocks, zeolite, mica, far-infrared ceramics such as fly ash generated from power plants, molybdenum dioxide and titanic acid are used. A metal oxide such as aluminum, aluminum oxide, or magnesium oxide can be used, and magnetite such as ferrite may be used together. The blending amount of these is 10μ
From the viewpoint of effectively radiating far infrared rays in the wavelength region around m, it is preferable that the metal oxide is 10 to 35 parts by weight and the magnetite is 3 to 25 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the far infrared ceramics. Here, the metal oxide is preferably contained in a large amount in order to increase the radiation intensity of the far infrared radiation layer (5), but is preferably 35 parts by weight or less in terms of cost.

The far-infrared radiation layer (5) has a thickness d2 of 5 when formed by coating or casting as described above.
-20 mm is preferable.

On the other hand, the far-infrared radiation material and the adhesive are mixed in the road surface layer (6) in an amount of 5 to 15 parts by weight of far-infrared radiation material and 0 to 20 parts by weight of the adhesive with respect to 100 parts by weight of the base material. Is preferred.

The far-infrared emitting material contained in the road surface layer (6) is preferably a carbon material, and in addition to the carbon material, fly ash generated from quartz volcanic rock or a power plant, and magnetite such as ferrite may be contained. .
The blending amount of silica-based volcanic rock or the fly ash is 50 to 200 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the carbon material.
It is preferable to use 10 parts by weight and 10 to 60 parts by weight of magnetite.

As the pressure-sensitive adhesive to be contained in the road surface layer (6) as necessary, the same adhesive as that contained in the far infrared ray emitting layer (5) can be used. Thus, when the adhesive is contained, the effect of fixing the far infrared radiation layer (5) and the road surface layer (6) can be further enhanced, and the road surface can be stabilized. In the case of containing a pressure-sensitive adhesive, a far infrared radiation material is added to the pressure-sensitive adhesive in advance and kneaded to form a compound, and this compound is added to a base material such as heat-melted asphalt concrete. The far-infrared radiation material and the adhesive can be contained uniformly and with good workability.

The thickness d1 of the road surface layer (6) is usually 3
0 to 150 mm.

In the road (1) constructed as described above, the sheet heating element (4) generates heat when energized, and this heat is transmitted to the far infrared radiation layer (5), where the maximum radiation intensity is around 10 μm. It is converted into far infrared rays in the wavelength range of 5 to 25 μm and emitted. The far-infrared rays emitted by the far-infrared ray emitting layer (5) are efficiently absorbed and re-radiated by the far-infrared ray emitting material in the road surface layer (6) and reach the road surface with a minimum attenuation rate. As a result, ice and snow on the road surface are efficiently melted, and the economy is excellent.

Further, on this road (1), the heat insulating layer (3) and the sheet heating element (4) are provided by the far infrared radiation layer (5).
(4) ... and the road surface layer (6) are fused and integrated, resulting in excellent durability and strength. Therefore, even if an external force such as a dynamic load or an impact load due to the running of the vehicle is applied, the conventional problem is caused. Does not happen.

Further, by laying the far-infrared radiation layer (5) under the entire road surface, the heat generated in the sheet heating element (4) is not only applied to the sheet heating element (4) but also sheet heating. The heating element (4) can be quickly diffused to the peripheral portion where it is not laid. Therefore, since the snow melting area per laying area of the sheet heating element (4) is large, the laying rate can be reduced and the power receiving capacity (power basic contract fee) can be reduced. This leads to not only reduction of power consumption but also reduction of equipment costs and construction costs of the sheet heating element (4).

Further, in this road (1), since the far-infrared radiation layer (5) having an appropriate heat insulating property, that is, heat resistance is formed on the sheet heating element (4), heat passage is suppressed. As a result, loss of heat radiation to the ground surface is prevented.

Furthermore, the heat resistance of the far-infrared radiation layer (5) raises the heat generation temperature of the sheet heating element (4), and
Due to the T characteristic, the inflow of electric power is reduced and a power saving effect is obtained.

The far-infrared radiation layer (5) having a high-density layer containing an adhesive as a main component, the asphalt concrete layer (road surface layer (6)) having a rough layer density, that is, having a heat insulating property, and the lower layer. Due to the synergistic effect of the heat insulation layer (3), a heat storage effect using the far infrared radiation layer (5) as a medium and an energy diffusion effect around the planar heating element (4) can be obtained, and efficient and economical snow melting is possible. Becomes

Also, since the sheet heating element (4) having a Curie temperature of 50 ° C. and having a self-temperature control function is used as the sheet heating element (4), the ground temperature is usually 30 ° C. or less when energized. Maintained in the low temperature range. This means that efficient far infrared radiation is possible in the far infrared radiation layer (5). Because the wavelengths that snow and the like absorb most are around 3 μm, 6 μm, and 10 μm, but considering the relationship with the underground temperature, it is preferable to use the wavelength region around 10 μm from the viewpoint of energy efficiency. . And having a maximum radiation intensity of around 10 μm 5
In order to set the far infrared rays in the wavelength range of ˜25 μm to be radiated, the temperature of the ground heated by the sheet heating element (4) according to Wien's law, especially the temperature of the far infrared radiation layer (5) 10 to 50 ° C., more preferably 20 to 3
This is because it is desirable to set the temperature to 0 ° C.

The heat insulating layer (3) does not necessarily have to cover the entire surface of the roadbed (2). Unless the sheet heating element (4) is brought into contact with the roadbed (2), the sheet heating elements (4) are not in contact with each other. (4)
It may be formed separately for each. In this case, the heating melt of the above-mentioned compound is applied onto the sheet heating elements (4) (4) ...
Is integrated with the heat insulating layer (3), the sheet heating elements (4) (4), ..., The far infrared radiation layer (5) and the road surface layer (6).

The heating element laid on the heat insulating layer (3) is not limited to the above-mentioned sheet heating element (4) having a self-temperature control function, but may be a general sheet or linear electric heater. You may use a heater, a boiler, a groundwater heat, underground heat, a hot water pipe which uses a heat pump etc. as a heat source, a heat pipe, etc. However, when a heating element having no self-temperature control function is used, it is desirable to control the underground temperature to the above temperature using a temperature controller.

As the base material of the road surface layer (6), concrete, mortar, tile or the like may be used instead of the above-mentioned asphalt concrete. However,
Since concrete, mortar, etc. are usually formed on the far infrared radiation layer (5) at room temperature during construction, the far infrared radiation layer (5) and the road surface layer (5) as in the case of the asphalt concrete described above are used. The effect of fusion and integration with 6) cannot be obtained.

Next, snow melting on the ground according to the second embodiment
The antifreezing structure will be described with reference to FIGS.

This road (10) is different from the road (1) of the first embodiment in that the heat insulating layer (3) and the far infrared radiation layer (5) are constructed.

In the present embodiment, the heat insulating layer (3) is a plate-shaped heat insulating material having a slightly larger area than the sheet heating element (4), and is applied to each sheet heating element (4) (4). It is formed by laying one by one so as to be arranged on the entire lower surface.

The far-infrared radiation layer (5) comprises a plurality of sheet-like materials (52) containing the far-infrared radiation material and the adhesive.
(52) ... And the heat radiation solidification part (53) of the heated melt having the same composition as the sheet-like material. Each sheet-like material (52) covers each sheet heating element (4), and also covers the peripheral edge portion of each heat insulating layer (3) at the peripheral edge portion (51) and further contacts the roadbed (2). It is arranged as follows.
The heat radiation solidification section (53) fills the recess (54) on the roadbed (2) formed by the plurality of heat insulation layers (3), the sheet heating element (4) and the sheet-like material (52). It covers the peripheral portion (51) of each sheet-like material (52) and is arranged in contact with the roadbed (2).

When constructing this road (10), a predetermined distance w2 (= 600 to 750 mm) is set on the roadbed (2).
Then, the heat-insulating layer (3) and the planar heating element (4) are arranged, and the sheet-like material constituting the far-infrared radiation layer (5) is covered thereon. Then, the heat-melted material is applied so as to fill the concave portion (54) on the roadbed (2), and is thermally solidified. The peripheral portion (51) of the sheet-like material (52) is formed by the heated melt.
In, the adhesive is heated above the softening point, the sheet material (52) is temporarily fixed to the roadbed (2), and the heat insulating layer (3) is also fixed to the roadbed (2). Further, the heat-melted material itself also becomes the heat-radiation solidification portion (53) fixed to the upper surface of the peripheral edge portion (51) of the sheet-like material (52) and the upper surface of the roadbed (2). In addition, it is preferable that the upper surface of the heat radiation solidification section (53) is applied so as to be flush with the upper surface of the sheet-like material (52).

After that, a road surface material having asphalt concrete as a base material is paved on the far infrared radiation layer (5) while being heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the softening point of the adhesive to form a road surface layer (6). The heat of the road surface material at this time softens the adhesive in the sheet-like material (52) and the adhesive on the upper surface of the heat dissipating and solidifying section (53), so that the far infrared radiation layer (5) and the sheet heating element ( 4) and the interface with the road surface layer (6) are fused. From the above, the roadbed (2), the heat insulation layer (3), the sheet heating element (4), the far infrared radiation layer (5) and the road surface layer (6) are integrated.

As described above, even when the far-infrared radiation layer (5) is formed by the sheet-like material (52), not only efficient and economical snow melting but also the above-mentioned integration effect can be obtained by the main component of the adhesive. Is obtained. In addition, temporary fixing of the sheet-like material (52) at the time of construction can be easily and efficiently performed by the adhesive. In addition, by the heat radiation solidification section (53),
Since the far-infrared radiation layer (5) is formed even in a portion that is not covered by the sheet-like material (52), snow melting is more effective than in the case where such a heat radiation coagulation portion (53) is not provided. It is also more effective.

In the present embodiment, when the far-infrared radiation layer (5) is formed, a plurality of sheet-like materials (52) (52), so as to cover the sheet heating elements (4), respectively. Was used, but a plurality of sheet heating elements (4) (4) ...
You may comprise by the sheet-like object of a sheet.

Further, as in the first embodiment, the road surface layer (6)
May be made of concrete, mortar, tiles, or the like. However, as concrete or mortar is usually formed at room temperature as described above, in the case of the present embodiment, the sheet-like material (52 ) And the sheet heating element (4) are not fixed at the interface, and thus the sheet heating element (4)
The integrated effect including is lower than that of asphalt concrete.

As in this example, the far infrared radiation layer (5)
In the case of forming a sheet-like material (52), the pressure-sensitive adhesive is heated and melted, the far-infrared emitting material is added thereto, and the mixture is kneaded to prepare a compound, and an appropriate sheet-forming machine is formed from this compound. Is used to form a sheet. In this case, it is preferable not to contain asphalt as in the first embodiment.
It is preferable to use 5 to 20 parts by weight of the far-infrared radiation material with respect to 0 parts by weight. If the far-infrared radiation material is less than 5 parts by weight, the far-infrared radiation effect is insufficient, and if it is more than 20 parts by weight, it is difficult to form a sheet. Further, in this case, the thickness of the sheet-like material (52) is preferably 0.5 to 5 mm. The composition of the far-infrared radiation material is the same as that in the case of coating in the heating and melting state described in the first embodiment.

Next, snow melting on the ground according to the third embodiment
The road (15) to which the construction method of the antifreezing structure is applied will be described with reference to FIG.

This road (15) has a sheet heating element (4).
(4) ... is not integrated with the road surface layer (6), the heat insulation layer (3) and / or the roadbed (2), so that a large external force such as a side road or a parking lot except the main road is not applied. Suitable for the ground.

This road (15) has a far infrared radiation layer (5).
In addition, the structure of the road surface layer (6) is different from the road (10) of the second embodiment.

The far-infrared radiation layer (5) is formed by arranging strip-shaped sheet-like materials (52) extending in the traveling direction of the road (15) in three rows. That is, after arranging the sheet heating element (4) on the heat insulating layer (3), the strip-shaped sheet-like material (52) is laid, and then the peripheral edge portion (51) of the sheet-like material (52) is For example, a heating means such as a gas burner is used to heat above the softening point of the pressure-sensitive adhesive to temporarily fix it on the roadbed (2). In addition, the temporary fixing is performed by the sheet heating element (4) (4).
... and the wiring (41) is excluded.

As the base material of the road surface layer (6), instead of asphalt concrete, concrete, mortar, tile or the like, which is usually formed at room temperature, is used.

As described above, when the sheet heating elements (4) (4) ... Are not integrated with the road surface layer (6), the heat insulation layer (3) and / or the roadbed (2), the far infrared radiation layer ( 5) does not necessarily cover the entire upper surface of the sheet heating element (4),
Considering the heat storage effect of the far infrared radiation layer (5) and an appropriate heat insulating effect, it is preferable to dispose the sheet heating element (4) so as to cover the entire surface thereof.

When forming the far-infrared radiation layer (5) which enables efficient and economical melting of snow, this road (15) is a sheet-like material constituting the far-infrared radiation layer (5). The temporary fixing of can be easily and efficiently performed by the adhesive contained in the sheet-like material.

In order to confirm the above effects, an experimental road to which the structures of the roads (1) and (10) in the first and second embodiments were applied was created. Each experimental road has a width of 2.5
m and length 10 m.

The composition d and the thickness d of the far infrared radiation layer (5) and the road surface layer (6) in the road (1) of the first embodiment.
2, d1 are as follows.

[Infrared emitting layer (5)] Quinton 1345 (manufactured by Zeon Corporation) 100 parts by weight Carbon material 5 parts by weight Quartz volcanic rock (powder) 5 parts by weight Aluminum oxide 3 parts by weight Ferrite 2 parts by weight (thickness d2) = 10 mm) [Road surface layer (6)] Asphalt concrete 100 parts by weight Carbon material 5 parts by weight Quartz volcanic rock (powder) 5 parts by weight Ferrite 2 parts by weight Quinton 1345 10 parts by weight (thickness d1 = 80 mm).

The composition of the far-infrared radiation layer (5), the thickness d2 and the thickness of the sheet-like material (52) in the road (10) of the second embodiment are as follows. The composition and the thickness d1 were the same as those of the road (1).

[Infrared emitting layer (5)] Quinton 1345 100 parts by weight carbon material 5 parts by weight Quartz volcanic rock (powder) 5 parts by weight Aluminum oxide 3 parts by weight Ferrite 2 parts by weight (thickness d2 = 15 mm) (sheet-like material ( 52) thickness = 1.5 mm).

On both roads (1) and (10), the distances w1 and w2 between the sheet heating elements (4) were set to 600 mm.

In this experiment, the average amount of snowfall was 3.0 cm / h,
It was conducted for 8 hours under an outside air temperature of +2.5 to -2.0 ° C.

As a result, it was possible to melt snow without accumulating snow on the roads (1) and (10) of the first and second embodiments. The power consumption of both roads (1) and (10) is
0.042 kW / m ² · h, 0.038 on road (10)
It is kW / m ² · h, and the present inventor calculated that it was possible to melt snow with a power consumption amount of about 20% or less as compared with the snow melting method using a conventional heat conduction type electric heater. .

Both roads (1) and (10) had practically sufficient strength and durability.

[0089]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the ground snow-melting / freezing preventing structure and the construction method thereof of the present invention, the far-infrared emitting layer disposed on the heating element is excellent in the snow-melting / freezing preventing effect and economical, and the far infrared rays Since the radiation layer firmly fixes each layer in the ground, the ground has excellent strength and durability. Also,
Since the far-infrared radiation layer is fixed by its own adhesiveness, a fixing member such as a nail is not necessary, and therefore construction is easy.

In this case, if the far-infrared radiation layer adhered to the base and / or the heat insulating layer is further adhered to the upper surface of the heating element, the base and / or heat insulation layer and the heating element will be the far-infrared emitting layer. Since it is integrated by the above, it is excellent in durability and strength of the ground, and is very useful when the present structure is applied to a road, particularly a main road.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway plan view of a road (1) according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway plan view in which a road surface layer (6) is omitted in a road (10) according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway plan view of a road (15) according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (1) (10) (15) …… Road (2) …… Roadbed (3) …… Insulation layer (4) …… Sheet heating element (5) …… Far infrared radiation layer (51) …… Far infrared radiation Edge of radiation layer (5) (52) …… Sheet-like material (53) …… Radiation solidification part (6) …… Road surface layer

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Takehiko Hitomi, 2-chome, Tamagawa, Takatsuki City, Osaka Prefecture, 20-104 (72) Mitsukazu Ogawa, 2-chome, 31-308, Midorigaoka, Ikeda City, Osaka Prefecture

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A heat insulating layer disposed on a base, a heat generating element disposed on the heat insulating layer, and heat generated by the heat generating element disposed on the heat generating element.
The far-infrared radiation layer converts the far-infrared radiation having a wavelength range of 5 μm and emits the far-infrared radiation, and a surface layer formed on the far-infrared radiation layer. The far-infrared radiation layer adheres at a predetermined temperature or higher. A structure for preventing snow melting and freezing on the ground, comprising a pressure-sensitive adhesive, the far-infrared radiation layer being fixed to the base and / or the heat insulating layer by the adhesiveness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive. 2. The ground snow melting / freezing prevention structure according to claim 1, wherein the far-infrared radiation layer is fixed to the heating element by the adhesiveness of the adhesive. 3. The ground snow melting / freezing prevention structure according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive is an alicyclic hydrocarbon resin. 4. The ground snow melting / freezing prevention structure according to claim 1, wherein the surface layer contains a far-infrared radiation material that radiates far-infrared radiation in a wavelength range of 5 to 25 μm. 5. The far infrared radiation layer and the surface layer,
The ground snow melting / freezing prevention structure according to claim 4, which contains magnetite. 6. The surface layer is formed by arranging a surface material on the far-infrared radiation layer in a state in which a surface material is heated above the predetermined temperature of the adhesive. Snow melting / freezing prevention structure on the ground. 7. The structure for preventing snow melting and freezing on the ground according to claim 6, wherein the surface layer contains an adhesive that exhibits adhesiveness at a predetermined temperature or higher. 8. A heat insulating layer is arranged on a base, a heating element is laid on the heat insulating layer, and exhibits adhesiveness with a far infrared radiation material that emits far infrared rays in a wavelength range of 5 to 25 μm at a predetermined temperature or higher. A mixture containing an adhesive is arranged on the heating element at a temperature equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature to form a far-infrared radiation layer, and a surface layer is formed on the far-infrared radiation layer. Construction method of anti-freezing structure. 9. The construction method according to claim 8, wherein the surface layer is formed by disposing a surface material of the pressure-sensitive adhesive heated above the predetermined temperature on the far-infrared radiation layer. 10. A far-infrared radiation material that radiates far-infrared rays in a wavelength range of 5 to 25 μm and a predetermined temperature are provided by disposing a heat insulating layer on a substrate, laying a heat generating body on the heat insulating layer. By laying a sheet-like material made of an adhesive having tackiness as described above, forming a surface material on the sheet-like material by arranging a surface material heated above the predetermined temperature of the adhesive. The construction method of the characteristic snow melting / freezing prevention structure on the ground. 11. A far-infrared radiation material that radiates far-infrared rays in a wavelength range of 5 to 25 μm and a predetermined temperature are provided by disposing a heat insulating layer on a substrate, laying a heat generating body on the heat insulating layer. Laying a sheet-like material consisting of an adhesive showing tackiness in the above, by heating the edge of the sheet-like material above the predetermined temperature,
A method for constructing a structure for preventing snow melting and freezing on a ground, comprising forming a surface layer on the sheet-shaped article after fixing the sheet-shaped article to the base and / or the heat insulating layer. 12. A sheet containing a mixture containing a far-infrared ray emitting material that emits far-infrared rays in a wavelength range of 5 to 25 μm and an adhesive agent showing an adhesive property at a predetermined temperature or higher at the predetermined temperature or higher. It arrange | positions so that the said edge part of a thing may be covered and may contact the said base | substrate and / or the said heat insulation layer, and the said edge part of the said sheet-like thing is heated above the said predetermined temperature, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. 11. A method for constructing a structure for preventing snow melting and freezing on the ground according to 11. 13. The surface layer contains a pressure sensitive adhesive that exhibits tackiness at a predetermined temperature or higher.
The construction method according to 0 or 12.