JPH09108870A - Laser beam welding method and device therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To uniformly execute laser beam welding by stably feeding a filler wire. SOLUTION: This device is a laser beam welding device 1 for executing laser beam welding by irradiating a laser beam from a laser beam working head 5 to the weld zone of a work W to be worked and also stably feeding the filler wire FW to the optical axis of the laser beam. A filler wire feeding nozzle 7 is provided in a part of the laser beam working head 5 and also a heating and deforming means 9 for heating and deforming the filler wire FW is provided on the upper part of the filler wire feeding nozzle 7.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a laser welding method and apparatus for performing laser welding on a work.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional YAG laser processing apparatus 101, as shown in FIG. 4, for example, a work W to be processed is placed and fixed on a fixed work table 103, and above the work W. Position Y in the left-right direction and the direction orthogonal to the paper surface in FIG.
An AG laser processing head 105 is provided. This Y
A filler wire supply nozzle 107 is fixedly provided on a part of the outside of the AG laser processing head 105.

A laser oscillator 111 is connected to the YAG laser processing head 105 via an optical fiber 109. A filler wire feeding device 113 for feeding the filler wire FW to the filler wire supply nozzle 107 is provided, and the filler wire FW is also provided.
A filler wire reel 115 around which is wound is provided. The filler wire feeding device 113 includes a pair of feed rollers and a drive motor such as a servo motor for driving one of the feed rollers.

With the above structure, the laser beam oscillated by the laser oscillator 111 passes through the optical fiber 109 and the YAG.
It is sent to the laser processing head 105. In this YAG laser processing head 105, the laser beam is bent by a bend mirror, then condensed by a condenser lens and irradiated toward the work W. Further, the filler wire FW is sent from the filler wire reel 115, and then sent to the filler wire supply nozzle 107 at a constant speed by a pair of feed rollers of the filler wire feeding device 113, and then the filler wire supply nozzle 107. By sending the laser beam from the tip toward the optical axis of the laser beam, the work W is uniformly laser-welded.

The filler wire supply nozzle 107 is
As shown in FIG. 5, a pair of supply roller guides 1
17A, 117B, a conduit pipe 119, and a supply nozzle 121, the filler wire FW
Is sent out by a pair of supply roller guides 117A and 117B, passes through the conduit pipe 119 and the supply nozzle 121, and is sent out toward the optical axis of the laser beam.

However, the cross section of the supply nozzle 121 is
As shown in FIG. 6, it has a circular shape, and a clearance C is formed between the filler wire FW and the supply nozzle 121 so that the filler wire FW passes smoothly.

[0007]

By the way, the filler wire FW is smooth in the supply nozzle 121 of the filler wire supply nozzle 107 provided at a part outside the YAG laser processing head 105 in the above-mentioned conventional YAG laser welding processing apparatus 101. A clearance C is formed between the inner surface of the supply nozzle 121 and the filler wire FW in order to make it easier to pass through. Therefore, the supply position of the filler wire FW changes to, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, and becomes unstable. In particular, the relative relationship between the optical axis of the laser beam and the filler wire FW is
In the case of, welding failure will occur. This state remarkably occurs because the filler wire FW meanders due to the influence of the curl wound on the filler wire reel 115.

It is also conceivable to use a filler wire FW wound around the filler wire reel 115 having a rectangular cross section as shown in FIG. 8 at the manufacturing stage. In this case, it is expensive, and problems occur in feeding due to winding and the like.

An object of the present invention is to provide a laser welding method and apparatus for supplying a stable filler wire so that uniform laser welding can be performed.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, a laser welding method according to the present invention according to claim 1 irradiates a laser beam from a laser processing head onto a welded portion of a workpiece to be laser welded. When performing, the filler wire obtained by heating and deforming the filler wire is supplied to a fixed position without being displaced with respect to the optical axis of the laser beam.

Therefore, when performing laser welding on a workpiece, the filler wire is heated and deformed so that the filler wire has a rectangular cross section, so that the tip of the filler wire does not shift with respect to the optical axis of the laser beam. Since it is stably supplied to a fixed position, uniform laser welding is performed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a laser welding apparatus for irradiating a laser beam from a laser processing head onto a welded portion of a work to be processed and stably supplying a filler wire to the optical axis of the laser beam. A laser welding processing apparatus for performing laser welding by providing a filler wire supply nozzle in a part of the laser processing head, and providing heating deformation means for heating and deforming the filler wire above the filler wire supply nozzle. It is characterized by becoming.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the laser welding apparatus according to the second aspect, wherein the heating and deforming means includes a V-groove roller having a V-groove on its periphery, and a heating roller which can be pressed. And the cross section of the filler wire supply nozzle is formed to have substantially the same shape as the cross section of the deformed filler wire.

Therefore, a filler wire supply nozzle is provided in a part of the laser processing head, and a V groove roller as a heating deformation means and a heating roller which can be pressed are provided above the filler wire supply nozzle. Therefore, the filler wire is heated and deformed by passing through between the V-groove roller and the heating roller that can be pressed, so that the cross-section has a rectangular shape. The filler wire having a rectangular cross section passes through the filler wire supply nozzle having a substantially rectangular cross section and is stably supplied to a fixed position without being displaced with respect to the optical axis of the laser beam. Therefore, uniform laser welding is performed.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1, for example, a YAG laser welding processing apparatus 1 as a laser welding processing apparatus includes a work table 3 on which a work W to be processed is mounted and fixed, and a position above the work table 3 is provided. In FIG. 1, a YAG laser processing head 5 that is movable in the left-right direction and in the direction orthogonal to the paper surface is provided. This Y
A filler wire supply nozzle 7 is fixedly provided on a part of the outside of the AG laser processing head 5, and a heating deformation means 9 is provided above the filler wire supply nozzle 7.

A laser oscillator 13 is connected to the YAG laser processing head 5 via an optical fiber 11.
Further, a filler wire feeding device 15 for feeding the filler wire FW to the heating deformation means 9 and the filler wire supply nozzle 7 is provided, and a filler wire reel in which the filler wire FW having a circular cross section is wound up. 17 are provided. The filler wire feeding device 15 comprises a pair of feed rollers and a drive motor such as a servo motor for driving one of the feed rollers.

With the above structure, the laser beam oscillated by the laser oscillator 13 is sent to the YAG laser processing head 5 via the optical fiber 11. In this YAG laser processing head 5, the laser beam is bent by a bend mirror, then condensed by a condenser lens and irradiated toward the work W. Further, the filler wire FW is sent out from the filler wire reel 17, and then the filler wire feeding device 15
After being sent to the heating and deforming means 9 at a constant speed by a pair of feed rollers to be heated and deformed, it passes through the inside of the filler wire supply nozzle 7 and is fixed from the tip of the filler wire supply nozzle 7 to the optical axis of the laser beam. The laser welding is performed by being supplied to the position of.

As the heating and deforming means 9, for example, FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, a plurality of springs 19 biased downward in FIG. 2A are attached to the YAG laser processing head 5, and the lower part of each spring 19 is attached. Is provided with a plurality of brackets 23 supporting a rotatable heating roller 21. Moreover, the heating roller 21 is formed with the groove 21A as shown in FIG. 2 (B). Further, the YAG laser processing head 5 is provided with a plurality of brackets 27 rotatably supporting a V-groove roller 25 having a V-groove 25V. The temperature of the heating roller 21 is the filler wire FW.
Is 700 to 800 ° C., for example, and is adjusted according to the material of the filler wire FW.

With the above structure, the filler wire FW sent by the filler wire feeding device 15 is passed between the V groove 25V of the V groove roller 25 and the groove 21A of the heating roller 21 to cause the spring 21 to move. It is heated and pressed by the urging force and is heated and deformed into a rectangular shape.

The filler wire supply nozzle 7 includes a plurality of brackets 3 each having a rectangular conduit pipe 29 and a supply nozzle 31 as shown in FIG. 3 (A).
3 are connected and configured. Moreover, the cross section of the supply nozzle 31 has a pentagonal shape as shown in FIG. In FIG. 3B, the clearances C ₁ and C ₂ are taken in the vertical direction and the clearance C ₃ is taken in the lateral direction.
To minimize this clearance C ₃ . Moreover, in order to reduce friction, it is preferable that the lateral wall be flat.

With the above configuration, the heating and deforming means 9 deforms the cross section of the filler wire FW into, for example, a pentagonal shape, so that the filler wire FW is stably supplied in the supply nozzle 31 and the tip of the filler wire FW is fixed. Since the laser beam can be stably supplied at a constant position without being displaced with respect to the optical axis of the laser beam, uniform laser welding can be performed. That is, in FIG. 3 (B), the V-shaped portion FW _V on the lower surface of the filler wire FW can reduce the displacement to the left and right, and the supply can be stably performed. FIG.
In (B), since the upper surface FW _A of the filler wire FW always hits the laser beam to perform laser welding, uniform laser welding can be performed.

The present invention is not limited to the examples of the embodiments described above, but can be implemented in other modes by making appropriate changes. The heating roller 21 may be heated by any of resistance heating, high frequency, and laser heating means. Further, the shape of the heating roller 21 has been described in the example in which the groove 21A is provided as shown in FIG. 2B, but the heating roller 21 may be provided with a projecting portion projecting outward in the central portion, and at least one surface is circular. Any shape other than the above may be used.

[0024]

As will be understood from the examples of the embodiment described above, according to the invention of claim 1, when the work is laser-welded, the filler wire is deformed by heating to cross-section the filler wire. With the rectangular shape, the tip of the filler wire is stably supplied to a fixed position without being displaced with respect to the optical axis of the laser beam, so that uniform laser welding can be performed.

According to the second and third aspects of the present invention, a filler wire supply nozzle is provided in a part of the laser processing head, and a V groove roller as a heating deformation means is provided above the filler wire supply nozzle. Since the pressable heating roller is provided, the filler wire is heat-deformed by passing between the V-groove roller and the pressable heating roller to have a rectangular cross section. Then, the filler wire having a rectangular cross section passes through a filler wire supply nozzle whose cross section is almost the same shape as the cross section of the filler wire, and does not shift with respect to the optical axis of the laser beam and is at a constant position. Therefore, uniform laser welding can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a laser welding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2A is an enlarged detailed view showing an example of a heating and deforming means, and FIG. 2B is a partial sectional view of a heating roller and a groove roller.

3A is an enlarged perspective view of a filler wire supply nozzle, and FIG. 3B is a sectional view of the supply nozzle.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a conventional laser welding apparatus.

FIG. 5 is a detailed view of a conventional filler wire nozzle.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional supply nozzle.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of a filler wire that passes through a conventional supply nozzle.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing another example of a filler wire reel around which a conventional filler wire is wound.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 YAG Laser Welding Machine (Laser Welding Machine) 5 YAG Laser Machining Head 7 Filler Wire Supply Nozzle 9 Heat Deformation Means 21 Heating Roller 25 Groove Roller 31 Supply Nozzle

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. When performing laser welding by irradiating a welded portion of a work to be processed with a laser beam from a laser processing head, the filler wire obtained by heating and deforming the filler wire is not displaced with respect to the optical axis of the laser beam. Laser welding processing method, characterized in that the laser welding is performed at a constant position. 2. A laser welding apparatus for irradiating a laser beam from a laser processing head onto a welded portion of a work to be processed and stably supplying a filler wire to an optical axis of the laser beam to perform laser welding. A laser welding apparatus, characterized in that a filler wire supply nozzle is provided in a part of the laser processing head, and heating deformation means for heating and deforming the filler wire is provided above the filler wire supply nozzle. 3. The filler wire according to claim 1, wherein the heating and deforming means is composed of a V-groove roller having a V-groove on its periphery and a heating roller capable of pressing, and the cross section of the filler wire supply nozzle is deformed. The laser welding apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the laser welding processing apparatus is formed to have substantially the same shape as the cross section.