JPH09108672A - Parallel two-stage membrane separation type septic tank - Google Patents
Parallel two-stage membrane separation type septic tankInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09108672A JPH09108672A JP7271197A JP27119795A JPH09108672A JP H09108672 A JPH09108672 A JP H09108672A JP 7271197 A JP7271197 A JP 7271197A JP 27119795 A JP27119795 A JP 27119795A JP H09108672 A JPH09108672 A JP H09108672A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tank
- sludge
- chamber
- anaerobic
- membrane separator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 53
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 19
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241001148471 unidentified anaerobic bacterium Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 nitrate ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N Chemical compound ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010800 human waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000696 methanogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Activated Sludge Processes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は並行２段膜分離型浄
化槽、更に詳しくは、嫌気汚泥消化室及び好気活性汚泥
室の少なくとも２槽をもつ浄化槽であって、いずれの槽
にも汚泥液を濾過する膜分離器を備えた浄化槽に関す
る。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a parallel two-stage membrane separation type septic tank, more specifically, a septic tank having at least two tanks of an anaerobic sludge digestion chamber and an aerobic activated sludge chamber, and sludge liquid in each tank. The present invention relates to a septic tank equipped with a membrane separator for filtering.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】家庭の便所・洗面所・風呂・厨房等から
排出される汚水・排水を処理する家庭用浄化槽には、し
尿単独処理浄化槽と、し尿及び雑排水の混合汚水を処理
する合併排水処理浄化槽の２タイプがある。これらの浄
化槽は、従来、維持管理が容易で、槽内汚泥濃度を高く
保つことができ、浄化槽の大きさを比較的小型にできる
固定床式がよく用いられている。この固定床式浄化槽の
多くは、嫌気濾床室、好気活性汚泥室、沈殿室及び消毒
室から成り、通常、沈殿室上澄水の一部は嫌気濾床室へ
返送され処理されるので、循環式ともいわれる。この方
式の浄化槽では、嫌気濾床室に導入された汚水の有機物
がそこで嫌気性菌により嫌気分解（メタン発酵等）を受
ける。また、沈殿室から返送されてくる液中の硝酸イオ
ンはこの嫌気濾床室で脱窒菌の作用により窒素ガスへ還
元（脱窒素）される。次の好気活性汚泥室においては、
有機物が好気性菌によって酸化分解され、アンモニアは
硝化菌の作用によって硝酸化される。そして、沈殿室で
汚泥と上澄水が分離され、上澄水はその一部が嫌気濾床
室へ返送されるほかは消毒室に送られ塩素等で滅菌処理
されて放流される。2. Description of the Related Art Household septic tanks that treat sewage and wastewater discharged from household toilets, washrooms, baths, kitchens, etc., include a single sewage treatment septic tank and combined wastewater that treats mixed sewage of human waste and miscellaneous wastewater. There are two types of treatment septic tanks. Conventionally, these septic tanks are often of fixed bed type, which can be easily maintained and maintained, the sludge concentration in the tank can be kept high, and the size of the septic tank can be made relatively small. Most of this fixed bed septic tank consists of an anaerobic filter bed room, an aerobic activated sludge room, a sedimentation room and a disinfection room. Usually, a part of the supernatant water of the precipitation room is returned to the anaerobic filter bed room for treatment. It is also called a circulation type. In this type of septic tank, the organic matter in the wastewater introduced into the anaerobic filter bed chamber undergoes anaerobic decomposition (such as methane fermentation) by anaerobic bacteria. The nitrate ions in the liquid returned from the precipitation chamber are reduced (denitrified) to nitrogen gas by the action of denitrifying bacteria in the anaerobic filter chamber. In the next aerobic activated sludge chamber,
Organic substances are oxidatively decomposed by aerobic bacteria, and ammonia is nitrated by the action of nitrifying bacteria. Then, sludge and supernatant water are separated in the settling chamber, and part of the supernatant water is returned to the anaerobic filter bed chamber, and also sent to the disinfection chamber where it is sterilized with chlorine or the like and discharged.
【０００３】近年、上記沈殿室を設けず、代わりに好気
活性汚泥室内に膜分離器を浸漬もしくは設置し、膜透過
液（濾液）の一部を好気活性汚泥室へ返送する膜分離型
浄化槽が、汚水が短時間に流入しても無処理汚水の流出
する危険が少なく、槽の小型化も期待できることから、
検討されている（造水技術：第20巻、No.2、第65-68
頁、1994年；特開昭６１−１２０６９４号公報）。In recent years, the above-mentioned settling chamber is not provided, but instead, a membrane separator is immersed or installed in the aerobic activated sludge chamber, and a part of the membrane permeate (filtrate) is returned to the aerobic activated sludge chamber. The septic tank is less likely to leak untreated sewage even if sewage flows in for a short time, and it can be expected to make the tank smaller.
Considered (Water production technology: Volume 20, No. 2, 65-68
Page, 1994; JP-A-61-120694).
【０００４】一方、増殖の遅いメタン発酵菌を膜分離器
を用いることにより嫌気性処理槽内に保持・濃縮し、嫌
気性処理のみで有機性排水を処理したり、あるいは汚泥
を消化させる試みもなされている（用水と廃水：第２９
巻（１０）、第９６７−９７５頁、１９８７年；水環境
学会誌：第１５巻（３）、第１８７−１９４頁、１９９
２年）。On the other hand, it is also attempted to retain and concentrate methane-fermenting bacteria, which grow slowly, in an anaerobic treatment tank by using a membrane separator, treat organic wastewater only by anaerobic treatment, or digest sludge. Done (water and wastewater: No. 29
Volume (10), pages 967-975, 1987; Journal of Japan Society on Water Environment: Volume 15 (3), pages 187-194, 199.
2 years).
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】浄化槽等の排水処理施
設は、土地事情及び設置コストの点から小型化の要求が
強く、かつ環境水汚染防止の観点から有機物の他に窒
素、リン等の除去を含めた高度処理能力が必要とされて
いる。しかし、従来の上記固定床式／循環式浄化槽は槽
（特に、嫌気濾床室）の小型化に限界がある。また、上
記膜分離型浄化槽においても、浄化槽全体の小型化率は
約８０％程度で、これ以上に小型化率を向上させること
は困難である。本発明の課題は、浄化槽全体の容積を従
来の半分程度に小型化でき、かつ脱窒を含めた高度処理
水を得ることのできる浄化槽を提供することである。Wastewater treatment facilities such as septic tanks are strongly required to be miniaturized in terms of land conditions and installation costs, and from the viewpoint of preventing environmental water pollution, removal of nitrogen, phosphorus, etc. in addition to organic substances. Advanced processing capacity including is required. However, the conventional fixed bed / circulation septic tank has a limit to downsizing of the tank (particularly, anaerobic filter bed chamber). Further, also in the above membrane separation type septic tank, the miniaturization rate of the entire septic tank is about 80%, and it is difficult to further improve the miniaturization rate. An object of the present invention is to provide a septic tank capable of reducing the volume of the entire septic tank to about half that of the conventional one and obtaining highly-treated water including denitrification.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の浄化槽は、嫌気
汚泥消化室（第１槽）、及び散気管を備えた好気活性汚
泥室（第２槽）の少なくとも２槽をもつ浄化槽であっ
て、前記嫌気汚泥消化室（第１槽）には、汚泥液を濾過
する膜分離器とその膜分離器を透過した濾液を第２槽へ
送る移送手段とが設けられ、前記好気活性汚泥室（第２
槽）には、汚泥液を濾過する膜分離器と（ａ）その膜分
離器を透過した濾液を一部は嫌気汚泥消化室（第１槽）
へ返送し、他の一部は排出する返送・排出手段；又は
（ｂ）その膜分離器を透過した濾液を嫌気汚泥消化室
（第１槽）へ返送することなく排出する排出手段；が設
けられた浄化槽、である。The septic tank of the present invention is a septic tank having at least two tanks, an anaerobic sludge digestion chamber (first tank) and an aerobic activated sludge chamber (second tank) equipped with an air diffuser. The anaerobic sludge digestion chamber (first tank) is provided with a membrane separator that filters sludge liquid and a transfer unit that sends the filtrate that has passed through the membrane separator to the second tank. Room (second
In the anaerobic sludge digestion chamber (first tank), a membrane separator for filtering the sludge liquid and (a) the filtrate that has passed through the membrane separator are partially
And (b) a discharge means for discharging the filtrate that has passed through the membrane separator without returning it to the anaerobic sludge digestion chamber (first tank). It is a septic tank.
【０００７】本発明の浄化槽における第１槽の嫌気汚泥
消化室では、嫌気性菌による有機物の嫌気分解（メタン
発酵）と脱窒菌により硝酸イオンを窒素ガスへ還元（脱
窒素）させるため、曝気は行わず嫌気性を保つ。In the anaerobic sludge digestion chamber of the first tank in the septic tank of the present invention, anaerobic decomposition of organic matter by anaerobic bacteria (methane fermentation) and reduction of nitrate ions to nitrogen gas by denitrifying bacteria (denitrification), therefore aeration is not performed. Keep anaerobic without doing.
【０００８】第２槽の好気活性汚泥室では、有機物が好
気性菌によって酸化分解され、アンモニアは硝化菌によ
って硝酸化されるようにするため、積極的に曝気をして
好気条件をつくり出す。曝気は、好気活性汚泥室（第２
槽）内の底部近く、かつ膜分離器の直下近くに散気管を
設け、ブロワ等で送られてきた空気をこの散気管から吹
き込むことにより行う。この曝気は、酸素供給（好気）
と撹拌の目的のほかに、膜面に堆積する固形物を強制的
に排除する役目も有する。曝気は連続的に曝気する装置
であっても、また間欠的に曝気を行うことのできる装置
であってもよい。連続的に曝気する場合は、第２槽内の
膜分離器を透過した濾液は第１槽内で脱窒させるためそ
の一部を第１槽へ返送し、他は排出される。また間欠曝
気を行う場合は、第２槽で脱窒反応は終っているので濾
液は返送することなく槽外へ排出される。In the aerobic activated sludge chamber of the second tank, organic substances are oxidatively decomposed by aerobic bacteria, and ammonia is nitrified by nitrifying bacteria. Therefore, aeration is actively performed to create aerobic conditions. . Aeration is performed in the aerobic activated sludge chamber (second
A diffuser pipe is provided near the bottom of the tank and immediately below the membrane separator, and the air sent by a blower or the like is blown from this diffuser pipe. This aeration is oxygen supply (aerobic)
In addition to the purpose of agitation and stirring, it also has the role of forcibly removing solid matter deposited on the film surface. The aeration may be a continuous aeration device or an intermittent aeration device. In the case of continuous aeration, part of the filtrate that has passed through the membrane separator in the second tank is returned to the first tank for denitrification in the first tank, and the other is discharged. When intermittent aeration is performed, the denitrification reaction is completed in the second tank, so the filtrate is discharged outside the tank without returning it.
【０００９】本発明の浄化槽の嫌気汚泥消化室（第１
槽）及び好気活性汚泥室（第２槽）には、いずれにも槽
内の汚泥液を濾過する膜分離器を浸漬・設置する。浸漬
・設置する膜分離器は、膜、その支持体及び集水部等か
らなるもの（膜モジュールともいわれる）で、その付帯
装置（ポンプ等）と合わさって、全体の膜分離装置を構
成する。The anaerobic sludge digestion chamber of the septic tank of the present invention (first
Both the tank) and the aerobic activated sludge chamber (second tank) are equipped with membrane separators that filter the sludge liquid in the tank. The membrane separator to be immersed / installed is composed of a membrane, a support thereof, a water collecting portion and the like (also referred to as a membrane module), and is combined with an accessory device (pump or the like) of the whole membrane separator.
【００１０】固定設置される膜分離器の形状は、平板状
の平膜型、中空糸型等、種々の形状を用いることができ
るが、膜面の洗浄や維持管理の点から好ましくは平膜型
である。膜の材質は、有機高分子（膜）、セラミック
（膜）、金属（膜）等、種々のものが使用され、特に限
定するものではない。平膜型膜分離器を使用する場合、
これらの複数個を垂直に立てて液中に浸漬させる。膜分
離器による濾過推進力は、膜分離器の内部側を吸引ポン
プで吸引することにより、あるいは膜分離器が浸漬され
ている槽の液面と膜分離器を通過した濾液の液面との水
位差を利用することにより行うことができる。As the shape of the membrane separator fixedly installed, various shapes such as a flat plate type flat membrane type and a hollow fiber type can be used, but from the viewpoint of cleaning and maintenance of the membrane surface, a flat type membrane is preferable. It is a type. Various materials such as an organic polymer (film), a ceramic (film), a metal (film) are used as the material of the film, and the material is not particularly limited. When using a flat membrane type membrane separator,
A plurality of these are stood vertically and immersed in the liquid. The filtration driving force by the membrane separator is obtained by sucking the inner side of the membrane separator with a suction pump or between the liquid level of the tank in which the membrane separator is immersed and the liquid level of the filtrate passing through the membrane separator. This can be done by utilizing the water level difference.
【００１１】嫌気汚泥消化室（第１槽）の膜分離器を透
過した濾液を、好気活性汚泥室（第２槽）に移送する方
法としては、吸引ポンプや第２槽内の液面と第２槽内の
液面の水位差を利用できる。As a method for transferring the filtrate, which has passed through the membrane separator in the anaerobic sludge digestion chamber (first tank), to the aerobic activated sludge chamber (second tank), a suction pump or a liquid level in the second tank is used. The water level difference of the liquid level in the second tank can be used.
【００１２】好気活性汚泥室（第２槽）の膜分離器を透
過した濾液を一部は嫌気汚泥消化室（第１槽）へ返送
し、他の一部は排出するには、吸引ポンプ、電磁弁付き
分岐管及びタイマー等を組み合わせて行うことができ
る。また、第２槽の膜分離器を透過した濾液を第１槽へ
返送することなく、排出するには、吸引ポンプや第２槽
内の液面と第２槽の膜分離器の出口との水位差を推進力
として行うことができるA suction pump is used to return part of the filtrate that has passed through the membrane separator of the aerobic activated sludge chamber (second tank) to the anaerobic sludge digestion chamber (first tank) and discharge the other part. , A branch pipe with a solenoid valve, a timer and the like can be combined. Further, in order to discharge the filtrate that has passed through the membrane separator of the second tank without returning it to the first tank, a suction pump or a liquid level in the second tank and an outlet of the membrane separator of the second tank are used. Water level difference can be used as a driving force
【００１３】嫌気性処理槽と好気性処理槽が連通する従
来型の構造では、メタン生成菌の一部は嫌気性処理槽か
ら流出し、したがって、嫌気性処理槽では汚泥（固形
分）の消化は効率よく行われない。しかし、限外ろ過膜
又は精密ろ過膜を用いて嫌気性処理槽内の汚泥を失うこ
となく清澄液のみを取り出せば、メタン生成菌を含む汚
泥のロスはなく、その滞留時間は理論上無限大となり、
槽内のメタン生成菌濃度は極限まで増加する。従って、
嫌気性処理室内の汚泥は効率良く消化され、メタン等の
ガスとして系外に排出される。この場合、汚泥の蓄積が
少ないため、汚泥貯溜を兼ねた従来の嫌気性処理槽を大
幅に小型化できる。また、脱窒菌も槽内で高濃度に保持
できる。In the conventional structure in which the anaerobic treatment tank and the aerobic treatment tank communicate with each other, some of the methanogens flow out from the anaerobic treatment tank, and therefore the sludge (solid content) is digested in the anaerobic treatment tank. Is not done efficiently. However, if only the clarified liquid is taken out without losing sludge in the anaerobic treatment tank using an ultrafiltration membrane or microfiltration membrane, there is no loss of sludge containing methanogens and its residence time is theoretically infinite. Next to
The concentration of methanogenic bacteria in the tank increases to the limit. Therefore,
Sludge in the anaerobic treatment chamber is efficiently digested and discharged as a gas such as methane to the outside of the system. In this case, since the accumulation of sludge is small, the conventional anaerobic treatment tank that also serves as a sludge storage can be significantly downsized. Also, denitrifying bacteria can be maintained at a high concentration in the tank.
【００１４】嫌気汚泥消化室内に浸漬させた膜濾過器の
濾液は、好気活性汚泥室（第２槽）に移送される。この
槽にも膜濾過器が設置されていて、汚泥のロスはないた
め、活性汚泥は１０，０００ｐｐｍ以上の高濃度に保持
され、反応効率が高い。また槽内には硝化菌も高濃度に
存在していて、アンモニア性窒素は硝酸性窒素に変換さ
れる。この好気性処理水が嫌気汚泥消化室（第１槽）に
返送されれば効率的に脱窒される。また、第２槽が連続
曝気ではなく間欠曝気の場合は、第２槽において脱窒反
応も進んでいるので処理水の第１槽への返送は不要とな
る。The filtrate of the membrane filter immersed in the anaerobic sludge digestion chamber is transferred to the aerobic activated sludge chamber (second tank). Since a membrane filter is also installed in this tank and there is no loss of sludge, the activated sludge is maintained at a high concentration of 10,000 ppm or more, and the reaction efficiency is high. Further, nitrifying bacteria are also present in a high concentration in the tank, and ammoniacal nitrogen is converted into nitrate nitrogen. If this aerobic treated water is returned to the anaerobic sludge digestion chamber (first tank), it will be efficiently denitrified. Further, when the second tank is not the continuous aeration but the intermittent aeration, the denitrification reaction is progressing in the second tank, so that it is not necessary to return the treated water to the first tank.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の浄化槽の代表的な例を図
１の縦断面模式図で示す。図中、１は浄化槽本体、２は
隔壁、３は嫌気汚泥消化室、４は好気活性汚泥室、５は
原水導入管、６及び９は膜分離器、７及び１２は吸引ポ
ンプ、８及び１３は支持台、１０はブロア、１１は散気
管、１４は電磁弁付き分岐管、１５は濾液返送管、１６
は水位センサーを、それぞれ示す。浄化槽の本体１は、
隔壁２によって嫌気汚泥消化室３と好気活性汚泥室４に
分割されている。原水（汚水）は原水導入管５を通って
嫌気汚泥消化室３に供給される。嫌気汚泥消化室３内の
液中には平膜型膜分離器６が浸漬・設置されており、室
内にはメタン生成菌、脱窒菌等が保持されている。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A typical example of the septic tank of the present invention is shown in the schematic vertical sectional view of FIG. In the figure, 1 is a septic tank main body, 2 is a partition wall, 3 is an anaerobic sludge digestion chamber, 4 is an aerobic activated sludge chamber, 5 is a raw water introduction pipe, 6 and 9 are membrane separators, 7 and 12 are suction pumps, 8 and 13 is a support, 10 is a blower, 11 is an air diffuser, 14 is a branch pipe with a solenoid valve, 15 is a filtrate return pipe, 16
Indicates a water level sensor, respectively. The main body 1 of the septic tank is
The partition wall 2 divides the anaerobic sludge digestion chamber 3 and the aerobic activated sludge chamber 4. Raw water (sewage) is supplied to the anaerobic sludge digestion chamber 3 through a raw water introduction pipe 5. A flat membrane type membrane separator 6 is immersed and installed in the liquid in the anaerobic sludge digestion chamber 3, and methanogens, denitrifying bacteria and the like are held in the chamber.
【００１６】膜分離器の膜表面は原水供給時の撹拌によ
りケーク層の堆積が防止される。膜分離器は支持台８上
に設置された吸引ポンプ７に連結されており、嫌気汚泥
消化室３内の汚泥液は吸引されて液は膜を通過する。一
方、槽内の固形物（汚泥）は通過できず濃縮され、やが
て嫌気性菌により消化される。On the surface of the membrane of the membrane separator, the cake layer is prevented from being deposited by stirring when the raw water is supplied. The membrane separator is connected to the suction pump 7 installed on the support 8, and the sludge liquid in the anaerobic sludge digestion chamber 3 is sucked and the liquid passes through the membrane. On the other hand, solid matter (sludge) in the tank cannot pass through and is concentrated, and is eventually digested by anaerobic bacteria.
【００１７】通過液（濾液）は、ブロワ１０から散気管
１１を通じて空気が供給される好気活性汚泥室４に導入
されて好気処理される。散気により生じる曝気流は、槽
内に浸漬・設置された膜分離器９の膜表面を洗浄する役
目も果たす。膜分離器９内は支持台１３上に設置された
吸引ポンプ１２により吸引されて陰圧となり、好気活性
汚泥室４内の汚泥液は吸引されて液は膜を通過する。槽
内の固形物（活性汚泥）は膜を通過できず濃縮され、固
形物（ＭＬＳＳ）濃度は１０，０００ｐｐｍ以上に維持
される。好気活性汚泥室４内の液は硝化を受けているた
め、硝酸性窒素又は亜硝酸性窒素が優勢である。そこ
で、膜分離器９を通過した濾液は電磁弁付き分岐管１４
により２分割され、一方は処理水として排出され、他方
は返送管１５を通じて嫌気汚泥消化室３に返送され、脱
窒菌の作用により窒素ガスまで分解され、脱窒される。The passing liquid (filtrate) is introduced into the aerobic activated sludge chamber 4 to which air is supplied from the blower 10 through the air diffusing pipe 11 and subjected to aerobic treatment. The airflow generated by the air diffusion also serves to clean the membrane surface of the membrane separator 9 immersed and installed in the tank. The inside of the membrane separator 9 is sucked by the suction pump 12 installed on the support 13 to be a negative pressure, and the sludge liquid in the aerobic activated sludge chamber 4 is sucked and the liquid passes through the membrane. The solid matter (activated sludge) in the tank cannot pass through the membrane and is concentrated, and the solid matter (MLSS) concentration is maintained at 10,000 ppm or more. Since the liquid in the aerobic activated sludge chamber 4 has undergone nitrification, nitrate nitrogen or nitrite nitrogen is predominant. Therefore, the filtrate that has passed through the membrane separator 9 has a branch pipe 14 with a solenoid valve.
Is divided into two, and one is discharged as treated water, the other is returned to the anaerobic sludge digestion chamber 3 through the return pipe 15, and is decomposed to nitrogen gas by the action of denitrifying bacteria to be denitrified.
【００１８】通常の運転状態では吸引ポンプ７及び１２
は連続的に稼働し、分岐管１４は返送管の方向にのみ弁
が開き、循環するようになっている。電磁弁は水位セン
サー１６と連動しており、原水が流入し、水位が一定の
レベル以上に達したことを感知すると処理水出口側の弁
も開き、処理水が排出される。膜分離器９を通過した処
理水出口の液は、細菌類をほとんど含んでおらず消毒の
必要はない。そのまま放流することができる。薬剤、紫
外線又はオゾン等で処理した上、放流してもよい。In normal operating conditions, suction pumps 7 and 12
Operates continuously, and the branch pipe 14 circulates by opening the valve only in the direction of the return pipe. The solenoid valve is linked with the water level sensor 16, and when it is detected that raw water has flowed in and the water level has reached a certain level or higher, the valve on the treated water outlet side is also opened and the treated water is discharged. The liquid at the treated water outlet that has passed through the membrane separator 9 contains almost no bacteria and does not require disinfection. It can be released as it is. You may discharge | release after treating with a chemical | medical agent, ultraviolet rays, ozone, etc.
【００１９】本発明の浄化槽の別の形態を図２の縦断面
模式図に示す。前記の図１で示した浄化槽と異なる点
は、好気活性汚泥室４内における曝気が連続的ではな
く、間欠的に曝気する点である。原水（汚水）は原水導
入管５を通って嫌気汚泥消化室３に供給される。嫌気汚
泥消化室３内の液中には平膜型膜分離器６が浸漬・設置
されており、室内にはメタン生成菌、脱窒菌等が保持さ
れている。分離膜の膜表面は原水供給時の攪拌によりケ
ーク層の堆積が防止される。膜分離器６は支持台８上に
設置された吸引ポンプ７に連結しており、好気活性汚泥
室４内の汚泥液は吸引されて液は膜を透過する。槽内の
固形物（汚泥）は透過されずに濃縮され、やがて嫌気性
菌により消化される。Another form of the septic tank of the present invention is shown in the schematic vertical sectional view of FIG. The difference from the septic tank shown in FIG. 1 is that the aeration in the aerobic activated sludge chamber 4 is not continuous but intermittently. Raw water (sewage) is supplied to the anaerobic sludge digestion chamber 3 through a raw water introduction pipe 5. A flat membrane type membrane separator 6 is immersed and installed in the liquid in the anaerobic sludge digestion chamber 3, and methanogens, denitrifying bacteria and the like are held in the chamber. On the membrane surface of the separation membrane, the cake layer is prevented from being deposited by stirring when the raw water is supplied. The membrane separator 6 is connected to a suction pump 7 installed on a support 8, and the sludge liquid in the aerobic activated sludge chamber 4 is sucked and the liquid permeates the membrane. The solid matter (sludge) in the tank is concentrated without being permeated and is eventually digested by anaerobic bacteria.
【００２０】透過液は好気活性汚泥室４に導入され、好
気的処理を受ける。同室４にはブロワ１０から散気管１
１を通じて空気が供給され、この曝気流は槽内に浸漬、
設置された膜分離器９の膜表面を洗浄する。ブロワ１０
は、タイマー１８に連動しており、一定時間の間隔で運
転−停止を繰り返す。これによって好気活性汚泥室４内
は間欠的に曝気され、好気状態と嫌気状態を交互に繰り
返す。このように第２槽が間欠曝気である場合は、脱窒
反応は第２槽において進んでいるので膜分離器９透過液
（処理水）の第１槽への返送は不要である。膜分離器９
透過液（処理水）は、そのまま放流される。活性汚泥は
透過されずに濃縮されるため槽内の固形物（MLSS）濃度
は１０，０００ppm以上に維持される。吸引ポンプ７及
び１２は汚泥消化槽内の水位センサー１７と連動してお
り、原水が流入し水位が一定のレベル以上に達したこと
を感知すると吸引ポンプ７及び１２は一斉に作動する。The permeate is introduced into the aerobic activated sludge chamber 4 and subjected to aerobic treatment. In the same room 4, blower 10 to air diffuser 1
1 is supplied with air, and this aeration flow is immersed in the tank,
The membrane surface of the installed membrane separator 9 is washed. Blower 10
Interlocks with the timer 18, and repeats the operation-stop at regular time intervals. As a result, the inside of the aerobic activated sludge chamber 4 is intermittently aerated, and the aerobic state and the anaerobic state are alternately repeated. In this way, when the second tank is intermittently aerated, the denitrification reaction is proceeding in the second tank, and therefore it is not necessary to return the membrane separator 9 permeate (treated water) to the first tank. Membrane separator 9
The permeated liquid (treated water) is discharged as it is. Since activated sludge is concentrated without being permeated, the concentration of solid matter (MLSS) in the tank is maintained at 10,000 ppm or more. The suction pumps 7 and 12 are interlocked with the water level sensor 17 in the sludge digestion tank, and when it senses that the raw water has flowed in and the water level has reached a certain level or higher, the suction pumps 7 and 12 operate simultaneously.
【００２１】本発明の浄化槽の他の形態を図３の縦断面
模式図に示す。前記の図２で示した浄化槽と異なる点
は、膜分離器９における濾過推進力が吸引ポンプによる
吸引力ではなく、室４内の液面と膜分離器９の透過液出
口の位置の水位差に基づく点である。第１槽内には膜分
離器６が浸漬・設置され、これは支持台８上の吸引ポン
プ７に連結しており、第１槽の汚泥液は吸引されて液は
膜を透過する。槽内の固形物（汚泥）は透過されずに濃
縮され、やがて嫌気性菌により消化される。第２槽に導
入され好気的処理される。同槽にはブロワ１０から散気
管１１を通じて空気が供給され、この曝気流は槽内に浸
漬、設置された膜分離器９の膜表面を洗浄する。またブ
ロワ１０はタイマー１８に連動しており、一定時間の間
隔で運転−停止を繰り返す。これによって第２槽内は間
欠的に曝気され、好気状態と嫌気状態が交互に繰り返え
される。膜分離器９は取水管１９に連結されていて、槽
内の水位と放流出口の水位の差に基づく差圧により濾過
される。濾液はそのまま、あるいは消毒処理したのち放
流される。吸引ポンプ７は第１槽内の水位センサー１７
と連動しており、原水が流入し、水位が一定のレベル以
上に達したことを感知すると吸引ポンプ７が作動する。Another form of the septic tank of the present invention is shown in a schematic vertical sectional view of FIG. The difference from the septic tank shown in FIG. 2 is that the filtration driving force in the membrane separator 9 is not the suction force of the suction pump, but the difference in water level between the liquid level in the chamber 4 and the permeate outlet of the membrane separator 9. It is a point based on. A membrane separator 6 is dipped and installed in the first tank, which is connected to a suction pump 7 on a support 8. The sludge liquid in the first tank is sucked and the liquid permeates the membrane. The solid matter (sludge) in the tank is concentrated without being permeated and is eventually digested by anaerobic bacteria. It is introduced into the second tank and aerobically treated. Air is supplied from the blower 10 to the same tank through the air diffuser 11, and this aeration flow is immersed in the tank to wash the membrane surface of the membrane separator 9 installed. Further, the blower 10 is linked with the timer 18 and repeats the operation-stop at regular time intervals. As a result, the inside of the second tank is intermittently aerated, and the aerobic state and the anaerobic state are alternately repeated. The membrane separator 9 is connected to the intake pipe 19 and is filtered by a differential pressure based on the difference between the water level in the tank and the water level at the discharge outlet. The filtrate is discharged as it is or after being disinfected. The suction pump 7 is a water level sensor 17 in the first tank.
The suction pump 7 operates when it senses that raw water has flowed in and the water level has reached a certain level or higher.
【００２２】本発明の浄化槽のまた別の形態を図４の縦
断面模式図に示す。前記の図３で示した浄化槽と異なる
点は、膜分離器６の濾過推進力が吸引ポンプによる吸引
力ではなく、室３内の液面と室４内の液面の水位差に基
づく点である。第１槽内には膜分離器６が浸漬・設置さ
れ、これは取水管２０に連結しており、第１槽内の水位
が膜分離器６の出口水位より一定以上の高さに達すると
その水位差により汚泥液が濾過されて液は膜を透過す
る。槽内の固形物（汚泥）は透過されずに濃縮され、や
がて嫌気性菌により消化される。第２槽に導入された濾
液は好気的処理される。第２槽にはブロワ１０から散気
管１１を通じて空気が供給され、この曝気流は槽内に浸
漬、設置された膜分離器９の膜表面を洗浄する。またブ
ロワ１０はタイマー１８に連動しており、一定時間の間
隔で運転−停止を繰り返す。これによって第２槽内は間
欠的に曝気され、好気状態と嫌気状態が交互に繰り返え
される。膜分離器９は取水管１９に連結されていて、槽
内の水位と放流出口の水位の差に基づく差圧により濾過
される。濾液はそのまま、あるいは消毒処理したのち放
流される。Another form of the septic tank of the present invention is shown in the schematic vertical sectional view of FIG. The difference from the septic tank shown in FIG. 3 is that the filtration driving force of the membrane separator 6 is based on the difference in water level between the liquid level in the chamber 3 and the liquid level in the chamber 4, not the suction force by the suction pump. is there. The membrane separator 6 is immersed and installed in the first tank, which is connected to the water intake pipe 20, and when the water level in the first tank reaches a certain level or higher than the outlet water level of the membrane separator 6. The sludge liquid is filtered due to the difference in water level, and the liquid permeates the membrane. The solid matter (sludge) in the tank is concentrated without being permeated and is eventually digested by anaerobic bacteria. The filtrate introduced into the second tank is aerobically treated. Air is supplied from the blower 10 to the second tank through the air diffuser 11, and this aeration flow is immersed in the tank to wash the membrane surface of the membrane separator 9 installed. Further, the blower 10 is linked with the timer 18 and repeats the operation-stop at regular time intervals. As a result, the inside of the second tank is intermittently aerated, and the aerobic state and the anaerobic state are alternately repeated. The membrane separator 9 is connected to the intake pipe 19 and is filtered by a differential pressure based on the difference between the water level in the tank and the water level at the discharge outlet. The filtrate is discharged as it is or after being disinfected.
【００２３】[0023]
【発明の効果】本発明の浄化槽は、全体の容積が従来の
５０％程度に小型で、これにより脱窒を含めた高度な処
理水質を得ることができる。The septic tank of the present invention has a small overall volume of about 50% of that of the conventional one, which makes it possible to obtain a high quality of treated water including denitrification.
【図１】本発明の浄化槽の代表的な縦断面模式図であ
る。第２槽は連続曝気方式である。FIG. 1 is a typical vertical cross-sectional schematic view of a septic tank of the present invention. The second tank is a continuous aeration system.
【図２】本発明の浄化槽の他の例の縦断面模式図で、第
２槽は間欠曝気方式である。FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical sectional view of another example of the septic tank of the present invention, in which the second tank is an intermittent aeration system.
【図３】本発明の浄化槽の他の例の縦断面模式図で、第
２槽は間欠曝気方式であり、膜分離器９の濾過推進力は
水位差に基づく。FIG. 3 is a schematic vertical sectional view of another example of the septic tank of the present invention, in which the second tank is an intermittent aeration system, and the filtration driving force of the membrane separator 9 is based on the water level difference.
【図４】本発明の浄化槽の他の例の縦断面模式図で、第
２槽は間欠曝気方式であり、膜分離器９及び６の濾過推
進力はいずれも水位差に基づく。FIG. 4 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of another example of the septic tank of the present invention, in which the second tank is an intermittent aeration system, and the filtration driving force of the membrane separators 9 and 6 is based on the water level difference.
１…浄化槽本体 ２…隔壁 ３…嫌気汚泥消化室 ４…好気活性汚泥室 ５…原水導入管、 ６及び９…膜分離器 ７、１２…吸引ポンプ ８、１３…支持台 １０…ブロア １１…散気管 １４…電磁弁付き分岐管 １５…濾液返送管 １６、１７…水位センサー １８…タイマー １９、２０…取水管 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Septic tank main body 2 ... Partition wall 3 ... Anaerobic sludge digestion chamber 4 ... Aerobic activated sludge chamber 5 ... Raw water introduction pipe, 6 and 9 ... Membrane separator 7, 12 ... Suction pump 8, 13 ... Support stand 10 ... Blower 11 ... Air diffuser 14 ... Branch pipe with solenoid valve 15 ... Filtrate return pipe 16, 17 ... Water level sensor 18 ... Timer 19, 20 ... Intake pipe
Claims (1)
備えた好気活性汚泥室（第２槽）の少なくとも２槽をも
つ浄化槽であって、 前記嫌気汚泥消化室（第１槽）には、汚泥液を濾過する
膜分離器とその膜分離器を透過した濾液を第２槽へ送る
移送手段とが設けられ、 前記好気活性汚泥室（第２槽）には、汚泥液を濾過する
膜分離器と（ａ）その膜分離器を透過した濾液を一部は
嫌気汚泥消化室（第１槽）へ返送し、他の一部は排出す
る返送・排出手段；又は（ｂ）その膜分離器を透過した
濾液を嫌気汚泥消化室（第１槽）へ返送することなく排
出する排出手段；が設けられた浄化槽。1. A septic tank having at least two tanks of an anaerobic sludge digestion chamber (first tank) and an aerobic activated sludge chamber (second tank) provided with an air diffuser, said anaerobic sludge digestion chamber (first tank) A tank) is provided with a membrane separator for filtering the sludge liquid, and a transfer means for sending the filtrate that has passed through the membrane separator to the second tank, and the aerobic activated sludge chamber (second tank) is provided with sludge. A membrane separator for filtering the liquid and (a) a return / discharge means for returning a part of the filtrate that has passed through the membrane separator to the anaerobic sludge digestion chamber (first tank) and discharging the other part; or ( b) A septic tank provided with a discharge means for discharging the filtrate that has passed through the membrane separator without returning it to the anaerobic sludge digestion chamber (first tank).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7271197A JPH09108672A (en) | 1995-10-19 | 1995-10-19 | Parallel two-stage membrane separation type septic tank |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7271197A JPH09108672A (en) | 1995-10-19 | 1995-10-19 | Parallel two-stage membrane separation type septic tank |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09108672A true JPH09108672A (en) | 1997-04-28 |
Family
ID=17496708
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7271197A Pending JPH09108672A (en) | 1995-10-19 | 1995-10-19 | Parallel two-stage membrane separation type septic tank |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH09108672A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6863817B2 (en) | 2002-12-05 | 2005-03-08 | Zenon Environmental Inc. | Membrane bioreactor, process and aerator |
| ITMI20090861A1 (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2010-11-16 | Bioenergia S R L | PROCESS FOR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF ORGANIC WASTE AND RELATIVE PLANT. |
| WO2010131234A1 (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2010-11-18 | Bioenergia S.R.L. | Process for the biologic treatment of organic wastes and plant therefor |
| ITMI20100866A1 (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2011-11-15 | Bioenergia S R L | PROCESS FOR THE BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF ORGANIC WASTE AND ITS PLANT. |
| JP2015136654A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2015-07-30 | ダイセン・メンブレン・システムズ株式会社 | Multistage separation membrane device and its operation method |
| CN113415879A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-09-21 | 北控水务(中国)投资有限公司 | Sewage anaerobic membrane biological treatment system and method |
-
1995
- 1995-10-19 JP JP7271197A patent/JPH09108672A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6863817B2 (en) | 2002-12-05 | 2005-03-08 | Zenon Environmental Inc. | Membrane bioreactor, process and aerator |
| US7022236B2 (en) | 2002-12-05 | 2006-04-04 | Zenon Environmental Inc. | Membrane bioreactor, process and aerator |
| ITMI20090861A1 (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2010-11-16 | Bioenergia S R L | PROCESS FOR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF ORGANIC WASTE AND RELATIVE PLANT. |
| WO2010131234A1 (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2010-11-18 | Bioenergia S.R.L. | Process for the biologic treatment of organic wastes and plant therefor |
| US8734647B2 (en) | 2009-05-15 | 2014-05-27 | Bioenergia S.R.L. | Process for the biologic treatment of organic wastes and plant therefor |
| ITMI20100866A1 (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2011-11-15 | Bioenergia S R L | PROCESS FOR THE BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF ORGANIC WASTE AND ITS PLANT. |
| JP2015136654A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2015-07-30 | ダイセン・メンブレン・システムズ株式会社 | Multistage separation membrane device and its operation method |
| CN113415879A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-09-21 | 北控水务(中国)投资有限公司 | Sewage anaerobic membrane biological treatment system and method |
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