JPH0898426A - Battery charging method - Google Patents
Battery charging methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0898426A JPH0898426A JP6226707A JP22670794A JPH0898426A JP H0898426 A JPH0898426 A JP H0898426A JP 6226707 A JP6226707 A JP 6226707A JP 22670794 A JP22670794 A JP 22670794A JP H0898426 A JPH0898426 A JP H0898426A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- charging
- battery
- temperature
- stage
- current
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、バッテリの劣化が進ま
ず、また効率良く充電できる状態にバッテリを維持しつ
つバッテリの充電を行う方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of charging a battery while maintaining the battery in a state where the battery does not deteriorate and can be charged efficiently.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】バッテリには、通常乾電池と呼ばれるマ
ンガン電池やアルカリ電池などの使い切り形式のいわゆ
る電池と、一旦放電しても充電を行うことによって再び
使用することができる二次電池がある。二次電池は、そ
の使用状態や充電時の状態によって、その寿命が大きく
異なってくる。たとえば、後者の電池の代表的なもので
ある鉛二次電池の場合、一旦蓄電量が０になってしまう
と、劣化が著しく進む。また、充電時のバッテリ温度の
上昇や過充電によっても劣化が進む。2. Description of the Related Art As batteries, there are used batteries such as manganese batteries and alkaline batteries which are usually called dry batteries, and so-called secondary batteries, and secondary batteries which can be used again by charging even if discharged. The life of the secondary battery varies greatly depending on the usage condition and the charging condition. For example, in the case of a lead secondary battery, which is a typical example of the latter battery, once the amount of stored electricity becomes 0, deterioration progresses significantly. Deterioration also progresses due to an increase in battery temperature during charging and overcharging.
【０００３】このように二次電池の場合は、その電池の
特性に合わせて適正な状態で使用および充電する必要が
ある。特開平４−３５１４２８号公報には、二次電池に
充電する際に、現在の蓄電量に基づき適切な充電時間を
算出し、この充電電気量を達成する充電時間を算出して
過充電を防止する技術が開示されている。そして、この
充電時間の算出においては、充電時の電流（充電電流）
は一定であるとして行われている。As described above, in the case of the secondary battery, it is necessary to use and charge the battery in an appropriate state according to the characteristics of the battery. In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-351428, when a secondary battery is charged, an appropriate charging time is calculated based on the current stored amount of electricity, and a charging time for achieving this charged amount of electricity is calculated to prevent overcharging. Techniques for doing so are disclosed. When calculating the charging time, the current during charging (charging current)
Is done as being constant.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】以上のように従来の装
置においては、充電電流は一定であり、充電電流を増加
させることができず充電時間が長くなるという問題があ
った。すなわち、バッテリの温度上昇による劣化を抑制
するために、充電電流は十分に低い値に固定されてお
り、たとえ、充電時間が短く温度上昇が少ないと考えら
れるときにおいても、また充電時の外気温、バッテリ温
度等が低く、バッテリが高温にならないと予想される時
においても、前記の低い充電電流によって充電しなけれ
ばならなかった。As described above, the conventional device has a problem that the charging current is constant, the charging current cannot be increased, and the charging time becomes long. That is, the charging current is fixed to a sufficiently low value in order to suppress the deterioration due to the temperature rise of the battery, and even when it is considered that the charging time is short and the temperature rise is small, the outside temperature during charging is also reduced. Even when the battery temperature is low and the battery is not expected to reach a high temperature, the battery must be charged with the low charging current.
【０００５】バッテリ温度が高い状態で充電を行うと、
電解液中より水の電気分解によるガスが発生し、電解液
が減少してついには液枯れ状態となり、電池として機能
しなくなる。このガス発生はバッテリ温度が高いほど発
生しやすく、したがって充電中のバッテリ温度が高いほ
ど早くバッテリの劣化が進行する。また、充電電流がガ
ス発生のために消費されてしまうので充電の効率も悪化
する。また、バッテリ温度が高いと格子腐蝕が発生し、
これもバッテリの劣化を早めることとなる。If the battery is charged at a high temperature,
Gas is generated from the electrolytic solution due to electrolysis of water, the electrolytic solution is reduced, and finally the liquid is exhausted, and the battery does not function. This gas generation is more likely to occur as the battery temperature is higher, and therefore the higher the battery temperature during charging, the faster the deterioration of the battery. Further, the charging current is consumed due to the generation of gas, so that the charging efficiency also deteriorates. Also, when the battery temperature is high, lattice corrosion occurs,
This also accelerates the deterioration of the battery.
【０００６】以上のように、バッテリ温度が高い状態で
充電を行うと、効率が悪く、バッテリの劣化が早く進む
ので、充電中にバッテリ温度が高くなり過ぎないような
充電電流を設定する必要がある。前記公報に示された装
置においては、充電電流は一定であり、バッテリの劣化
を考慮した場合、充電時間が長く温度上昇が多いと考え
られるときに合わせた低い充電電流に設定する必要があ
る。したがって、充電すべき電気量が少なく比較的短時
間で充電が終了する場合においても、バッテリ温度がそ
れほど上昇しないにもかかわらず、充電電流を増加させ
ることができず、必要以上に充電時間が長くなる場合が
あるという問題があった。[0006] As described above, if charging is performed in a state where the battery temperature is high, the efficiency is poor and the deterioration of the battery progresses rapidly. Therefore, it is necessary to set the charging current such that the battery temperature does not become too high during charging. is there. In the device disclosed in the above publication, the charging current is constant, and in consideration of the deterioration of the battery, it is necessary to set the charging current to a low value when it is considered that the charging time is long and the temperature rise is large. Therefore, even when the amount of electricity to be charged is small and charging is completed in a relatively short time, the charging current cannot be increased even though the battery temperature does not rise so much, and the charging time is longer than necessary. There was a problem that sometimes.
【０００７】本発明は前述の問題点を解決するためにな
されたものであり、バッテリの劣化を抑えつつ充電時間
の短縮を行うことのできるバッテリの充電方法を提供す
ることを目的とする。The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a battery charging method capable of shortening the charging time while suppressing deterioration of the battery.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】前述の目的を達成するた
めに、本発明にかかるバッテリの充電方法は、バッテリ
温度を検出する工程と、バッテリ蓄電状態を検出する工
程と、前記検出されたバッテリ蓄電状態に基づき充電す
べき電気量を算出する工程と、前記バッテリ温度と前記
充電すべき電気量に基づき充電終了時のバッテリ温度が
予め定められた所定温度以下となる最大の充電電流を算
出する工程と、算出された充電電流によって充電を実行
する工程とを有している。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a battery charging method according to the present invention comprises a step of detecting a battery temperature, a step of detecting a battery charge state, and the detected battery. Calculating the amount of electricity to be charged based on the state of charge, and calculating the maximum charging current at which the battery temperature at the end of charging falls below a predetermined temperature based on the battery temperature and the amount of electricity to be charged. The method includes a step and a step of performing charging with the calculated charging current.
【０００９】[0009]
【作用】本発明は以上のような構成を有しており、バッ
テリの温度上昇を所定値以内に抑えることができるの
で、充電時の温度上昇によるバッテリ劣化を防止するこ
とができる。また、バッテリ劣化が発生しない範囲で充
電電流を増加させることができるので、充電時間の短縮
が可能となる。Since the present invention has the above-mentioned structure and can suppress the temperature rise of the battery within a predetermined value, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the battery due to the temperature rise during charging. Moreover, since the charging current can be increased within the range where the battery deterioration does not occur, the charging time can be shortened.
【００１０】[0010]
【実施例】以下、本発明にかかる好適な実施例を図面に
従って説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００１１】図１には、第１実施例のフローチャートが
示されている。まず、充電開始前のバッテリの温度Ｔa
が検出される（Ｓ１０）。また、充電していない状態で
のバッテリ端子電圧が検出され（Ｓ１２）、これを基に
バッテリにどのくらいの電気量が蓄えられているかを示
すバッテリ蓄電状態（ＳＯＣ）を算出する（Ｓ１４）。
ＳＯＣは、バッテリが十分に蓄電している状態の電気量
に対する現在蓄電されている電気量の割合であり、通常
百分率により表示される。また、ＳＯＣが高いとき、す
なわち蓄電された電気量が多いときにはバッテリ端子電
圧も高くなり、逆にＳＯＣが低いときには端子電圧は低
くなる。したがって、端子電圧を検出することでＳＯＣ
を算出することができる。FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of the first embodiment. First, the temperature T a of the battery before the start of charging
Is detected (S10). Further, the battery terminal voltage in the uncharged state is detected (S12), and based on this, the battery storage state (SOC) indicating how much electricity is stored in the battery is calculated (S14).
The SOC is a ratio of the currently stored electricity amount to the electricity amount in a state where the battery is sufficiently stored, and is usually displayed as a percentage. Further, when the SOC is high, that is, when the amount of stored electricity is large, the battery terminal voltage also becomes high, and conversely, when the SOC is low, the terminal voltage becomes low. Therefore, the SOC can be detected by detecting the terminal voltage.
Can be calculated.
【００１２】算出されたＳＯＣに基づき充電すべき電気
量（必要充電量）Ｃを算出する（Ｓ１６）。必要充電量
Ｃは、バッテリが十分に蓄電された状態とするまで充電
されるべき電気量に、均等化充電量Ｃs を加えたもので
ある。バッテリに蓄えられるべき電気量は、バッテリの
容量（Ｃfull）とＳＯＣ（％）から、Based on the calculated SOC, the amount of electricity (required amount of charge) C to be charged is calculated (S16). Necessary charge amount C is the amount of electricity to be charged to a state in which the battery is sufficiently power storage, plus the equalization charge quantity C s. The amount of electricity to be stored in the battery is calculated from the battery capacity (C full ) and SOC (%).
【数１】Ｃfull＊（１−ＳＯＣ／１００） …（１） と表される。また、均等化充電量Ｃs は、充電中ガス発
生などで失われる電気量、および複数のバッテリ間での
蓄電状態のばらつきを少なくするための電気量である。
直列接続されたバッテリにおいては、蓄電状態のばらつ
きがあったまま使用すると、このばらつきがさらに大き
くなり、特定のバッテリの劣化が急速に進む。したがっ
て、やや多めに充電を行うことによって、複数のバッテ
リのばらつきを減少させている。よって、必要充電量Ｃ
は、## EQU1 ## C full * (1-SOC / 100) (1) Further, the equalized charge amount C s is the amount of electricity lost due to gas generation during charging, and the amount of electricity for reducing the variation in the storage state among a plurality of batteries.
If the batteries connected in series are used without any variation in the storage state, the variation becomes even larger, and the deterioration of the specific battery progresses rapidly. Therefore, by charging a little more, the variation of the plurality of batteries is reduced. Therefore, the required charge C
Is
【数２】 Ｃ＝Ｃfull＊（１−ＳＯＣ／１００）＋Ｃs …（２） で表される。## EQU2 ## C = C full * (1-SOC / 100) + C s (2)
【００１３】次に、前記の必要充電量Ｃに基づき、１段
目充電の充電量Ｃ1 を算出する（Ｓ１８）。バッテリの
充電は通常２段階に分けて行われ、前期（１段目）では
比較的大きな充電電流で急速に蓄電状態の改善を図り、
後期（２段目）では比較的充電電流を低くして、ガス発
生を抑えて効率良く充電を行う。本実施例においても２
段に分けて充電を行っており、２段目の充電条件は固定
されている。すなわち、２段目充電においては、充電電
流および充電時間が予め定められた値に固定されてお
り、よってこの間のバッテリ温度の上昇はほぼ一定の値
となる。また、充電電流および充電時間が定まっている
ので、２段目充電Ｃ2 における充電量も定まる。したが
って、必要充電量Ｃと２段目充電量Ｃ2 から、１段目の
充電量Ｃ1は、Next, the charge amount C 1 for the first stage charge is calculated based on the required charge amount C (S18). The battery is usually charged in two stages, and in the first half (first stage), the state of charge is rapidly improved with a relatively large charging current.
In the latter half (second stage), the charging current is made relatively low to suppress gas generation and charge efficiently. Also in this embodiment, 2
The charging is performed in stages, and the charging conditions for the second stage are fixed. That is, in the second-stage charging, the charging current and the charging time are fixed to predetermined values, so that the rise in the battery temperature during this period becomes a substantially constant value. Further, since the charging current and the charging time are fixed, the charging amount in the second-stage charging C 2 is also fixed. Therefore, from the required charge amount C and the second-stage charge amount C 2 , the first-stage charge amount C 1 is
【数３】Ｃ1 ＝Ｃ−Ｃ2 …（３） として求まる。## EQU3 ## C 1 = C-C 2 (3)
【００１４】次に、１段目充電電流Ｉ1 を仮定する（Ｓ
２０）。この仮定値は、実施例の装置が発生し得る最大
の充電電流であり、この充電電流Ｉ1 と１段目充電量Ｃ
1 から１段目充電時間ｔ1 が、Next, the first-stage charging current I 1 is assumed (S
20). This assumed value is the maximum charging current that can be generated by the apparatus of the embodiment, and this charging current I 1 and the first-stage charging amount C
1st to 1st stage charging time t 1
【数４】ｔ1 ＝Ｃ1 ／Ｉ1 …（４） より求まる。## EQU4 ## t 1 = C 1 / I 1 (4)
【００１５】以上から１段目充電を行った際の温度変化
ΔＴ1 を求めることができる（Ｓ２２）。すなわち、図
２に示すような、ある充電電流Ｉ1 である充電時間
ｔ1 、充電を行ったときの温度変化ΔＴ1 を示す温度上
昇特性図を予め作成しておき、この図から温度変化を推
定する。そして、ステップＳ１０で求めたバッテリ温度
Ｔa と１段目充電における温度変化ΔＴ1 とから、１段
目充電の終了時点でのバッテリ温度Ｔ1 がFrom the above, the temperature change ΔT 1 when the first-stage charging is performed can be obtained (S22). That is, as shown in FIG. 2, there charging current I 1 charge time t 1 is beforehand prepared a temperature rise characteristic graph showing the temperature change [Delta] T 1 when performing charging, the temperature change from FIG. presume. Then, from the battery temperature T a obtained in step S10 and the temperature change ΔT 1 in the first-stage charging, the battery temperature T 1 at the end of the first-stage charging is
【数５】Ｔ1 ＝Ｔa ＋ΔＴ1 …（５） として算出される（Ｓ２４）。この１段目終了時のバッ
テリ温度Ｔ1 と１段目充電上限温度Ｔu1が比較される
（Ｓ２６）。１段目上限温度Ｔu1は、ガス発生などによ
りバッテリの劣化が著しく進行する温度の下限値（充電
時上限温度）Ｔu と２段目充電の際の温度変化ΔＴ2 と
から、## EQU5 ## T 1 = T a + ΔT 1 (5) is calculated (S24). The battery temperature T 1 at the end of the first stage is compared with the upper limit charge temperature T u1 of the first stage (S26). The first-stage upper-limit temperature T u1 is calculated from the lower-limit temperature (upper-charging upper-limit temperature) T u at which the deterioration of the battery significantly progresses due to gas generation and the temperature change ΔT 2 during the second-stage charging,
【数６】Ｔu1＝Ｔu −ΔＴ2 …（６） として求まる。すなわち、１段目、２段目を含めて充電
時に越えることがないようにすべき温度が充電時上限温
度Ｔu であり、２段目充電終了時点でこの上限温度上限
温度Ｔu を越えないようにするためには２段目充電で上
昇する温度ΔＴ2を見越して、１段目終了時の上限温度
Ｔu1が定められている。そして、推定された１段目充電
終了時の温度Ｔ1 が１段目の上限温度Ｔu1以下であれ
ば、１段目充電電流Ｉ1 で、１段目充電時間ｔ1 の充電
が実行される（Ｓ２８）。１段目充電時間終了後ただち
に２段目充電が実行される（Ｓ３０）。前述のように本
実施例においては、２段目充電の電流および時間は予め
設定された固定値である。[Equation 6] T u1 = T u −ΔT 2 (6) That is, the temperature that should not be exceeded during charging, including the first and second stages, is the charging upper limit temperature T u , and does not exceed this upper limit temperature upper limit temperature T u at the end of the second stage charging. In order to do so, the upper limit temperature T u1 at the end of the first stage is set in anticipation of the temperature ΔT 2 that rises in the second stage charging. Then, if the estimated temperature T 1 at the end of the first-stage charging is equal to or lower than the upper-limit temperature T u1 of the first stage, the charging for the first-stage charging time t 1 is executed with the first-stage charging current I 1. (S28). The second-stage charging is executed immediately after the end of the first-stage charging time (S30). As described above, in the present embodiment, the current and time for the second stage charging are preset fixed values.
【００１６】一方、ステップＳ２６で一段目充電終了時
の温度Ｔ1 が１段目の上限温度Ｔu1を越えている場合、
より低い充電電流が仮定しなおされ、ステップＳ２２に
移行する。On the other hand, if the temperature T 1 at the end of the first-stage charging exceeds the upper limit temperature T u1 of the first stage in step S26,
A lower charging current is assumed again, and the process proceeds to step S22.
【００１７】１段目充電条件の決定について、図２を用
いて具体例をあげて説明する。バッテリは、蓄電容量Ｃ
fullが５０Ａｈ、充電時の上限温度Ｔu が６０℃の性能
を有する。また、２段目充電の充電条件は、充電電流Ｉ
2 が２．５Ａ、充電時間ｔ2が４時間、またこのときの
バッテリ温度上昇ΔＴ2 が１０℃とする。そして、ＳＯ
Ｃが０％、すなわち空の状態、バッテリ温度Ｔa が１５
℃から充電を開始するとする。また、均等化充電量Ｃs
が８Ａｈとする。充電装置の性能は、充電電流を１２
Ａ，８Ａ，６Ａ，２．５Ａと設定できるものとする。The determination of the first-stage charging condition will be described using a concrete example with reference to FIG. The battery has a storage capacity C
full is 50 Ah, the upper limit temperature T u of charging has a performance of 60 ° C.. The charging condition for the second-stage charging is the charging current I
2 is 2.5 A, charging time t 2 is 4 hours, and battery temperature rise ΔT 2 at this time is 10 ° C. And SO
C is 0%, that is, an empty state, the battery temperature T a is 15
Suppose you start charging from ℃. In addition, the equalized charge amount C s
Is 8 Ah. The charging device has a charging current of 12
It can be set to A, 8A, 6A, 2.5A.
【００１８】必要充電量は式（２）より必要充電量Ｃは
５８Ａｈとなり、さらに式（３）より１段目充電量Ｃ1
は４８Ａｈとなる。充電装置の発生可能な電流の最大値
１２Ａをまず１段目充電電流Ｉ1 として仮定する。この
とき、式（４）から充電時間ｔ1 が４時間と求まる。図
２から、このときの１段目充電終了時点での温度上昇Δ
Ｔ1 が５０℃であることが分かる。さらに、式（５）か
ら１段目充電終了時点でのバッテリ温度Ｔ1 が６５℃と
して算出される。一方、１段目充電上限温度Ｔu1は式
（６）より５０℃と求まり、算出されたバッテリ温度Ｔ
1 はこの５０℃より大幅に高い。すなわち、仮定した充
電電流Ｉ1 が高すぎる値であったことが分かる。そこ
で、１段目充電電流Ｉ1 を前回仮定した値より低めに再
度仮定する。前述のように充電装置の設定できる電流が
離散的であるとしているので、この場合の新たな１段目
充電電流Ｉ1 として８Ａを仮定する。The required amount of charge C is 58 Ah from the formula (2), and the amount of charge C 1 of the first stage is further from the formula (3).
Is 48 Ah. The maximum value 12A of the current that can be generated by the charging device is first assumed as the first-stage charging current I 1 . At this time, the charging time t 1 is found to be 4 hours from the equation (4). From FIG. 2, the temperature rise Δ at the end of the first-stage charging at this time Δ
It can be seen that T 1 is 50 ° C. Furthermore, the battery temperature T 1 at the end of the first-stage charging is calculated as 65 ° C. from the equation (5). On the other hand, the first-stage charging upper limit temperature T u1 is calculated as 50 ° C. from the equation (6), and the calculated battery temperature T
1 is significantly higher than this 50 ° C. That is, it can be seen that the assumed charging current I 1 was too high. Therefore, the first-stage charging current I 1 is again assumed to be lower than the previously assumed value. Since the current that can be set in the charging device is discrete as described above, 8 A is assumed as the new first-stage charging current I 1 in this case.
【００１９】１２Ａと仮定した場合と同様にして、１段
目充電時間ｔ1 が６時間、１段目充電終了時の温度上昇
ΔＴ1 が３５℃、このときの温度が５０℃と求まる。こ
の場合は、１段目充電上限温度Ｔu1（＝５０℃）を越え
ないので、この条件で１段目充電が行われる。そして、
１段目充電終了後前述の充電条件で２段目充電が行われ
る。Similarly to the case of assuming 12 A, the first stage charging time t 1 is 6 hours, the temperature rise ΔT 1 at the end of the first stage charging is 35 ° C., and the temperature at this time is 50 ° C. In this case, the first-stage charging upper limit temperature T u1 (= 50 ° C.) is not exceeded, so the first-stage charging is performed under this condition. And
After the completion of the first-stage charging, the second-stage charging is performed under the above-mentioned charging conditions.
【００２０】以上の具体例によれば、１段目充電終了時
の温度Ｔ1 が上限温度Ｔu1と等しいが、充電電流Ｉ1 が
離散的な値しかとれない場合は、これらが等しくならな
い場合がある。このときは上限温度Ｔu1を越えない範囲
で最も高い充電電流が設定される。According to the above specific example, the temperature T 1 at the end of the first charging is equal to the upper limit temperature T u1 , but when the charging current I 1 can take only discrete values, these are not equal. There is. At this time, the highest charging current is set within a range not exceeding the upper limit temperature T u1 .
【００２１】図３には、本発明にかかる第２の実施例の
フローチャートが示されている。第１の実施例と同様の
ステップには同一の符号を付し、説明を省略する。本実
施例に特徴的なことは、バッテリの蓄電状態（ＳＯＣ）
を算出するのに、バッテリの内部抵抗から算出している
ことと、１段目充電電流Ｉ1 の算出に際して、仮定値を
用いずに直接算出している点にある。FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of the second embodiment according to the present invention. The same steps as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. The characteristic of this embodiment is that the state of charge (SOC) of the battery is
The calculation is based on the calculation from the internal resistance of the battery and the calculation of the first-stage charging current I 1 is performed directly without using an assumed value.
【００２２】バッテリ内部抵抗の検出（Ｓ３４）は、た
とえばある電流が流れた時の端子間の電圧を検出するこ
とによって求められる。他に、交流電流を流してインピ
ーダンスの測定を行うことによっても求めることができ
る。内部抵抗は、ＳＯＣが高い場合は小さく、ＳＯＣが
低い場合は大きいので、予め内部抵抗とＳＯＣの関係を
求めておけば、内部抵抗からＳＯＣ算出することができ
る（Ｓ３６）。The detection of the battery internal resistance (S34) is obtained, for example, by detecting the voltage between the terminals when a certain current flows. Alternatively, it can be obtained by passing an alternating current and measuring the impedance. Since the internal resistance is small when the SOC is high and large when the SOC is low, the SOC can be calculated from the internal resistance by previously obtaining the relationship between the internal resistance and the SOC (S36).
【００２３】また、１段目充電電流Ｉ1 の算出は、以下
のように行われる。ステップＳ１８で算出された１段目
充電量Ｃ1 を充電するためには電流Ｉ1 を時間ｔ1 流す
必要がある。すなわち、The first-stage charging current I 1 is calculated as follows. In order to charge the first-stage charge amount C 1 calculated in step S18, the current I 1 needs to flow for time t 1 . That is,
【数７】Ｃ1 ＝Ｉ1 ＊ｔ1 …（７） となる。また、この間の発熱はほとんどがジュ−ル熱で
あるので、発熱量Ｑは電流Ｉ1 の２乗に比例し、## EQU7 ## C 1 = I 1 * t 1 (7) Also, most of the heat generated during this period is Jur heat, so the heat generation amount Q is proportional to the square of the current I 1 ,
【数８】Ｑ＝ｋ1 ＊Ｉ1 2 ＊ｔ1 …（８） で表される。ここで、ｋ1 は比例定数である。さらに、
この発熱量Ｑによる温度上昇ΔＴ1 は、## EQU8 ## Q = k 1 * I 1 2 * t 1 (8) Here, k 1 is a proportional constant. further,
The temperature increase ΔT 1 due to this heat generation amount Q is
【数９】ΔＴ1 ＝ｋ2 ＊Ｑ …（９） で表され（ｋ2 は比例定数）、前記の式（７），
（８），（９）から１段目充電電流Ｉ1 は、[Expression 9] ΔT 1 = k 2 * Q (9) (k 2 is a proportional constant) and the above equation (7),
From (8) and (9), the first-stage charging current I 1 is
【数１０】 Ｉ1 ＝ΔＴ1 ／（ｋ1 ＊ｋ2 ＊Ｃ1 ） …（１０） と表される。比例定数ｋ1 はバッテリの内部抵抗によっ
て定まり、比例定数ｋ2はバッテリの熱容量によって定
まるので、同一のバッテリにおいてこれらの比例定数を
予め測定しておけば、充電電流Ｉ1 は、温度上昇ΔＴ1
と充電容量Ｃ1 の関数となる。さらに、上昇温度ΔＴ1
は、バッテリの特性によって定まる１段目充電時の上限
温度Ｔu1と充電前のバッテリ温度Ｔa の差であれば、充
電中にバッテリが上限温度Ｔu 以上に加熱されることが
ない。したがって、式（１０）は、[Expression 10] I 1 = ΔT 1 / (k 1 * k 2 * C 1 ) ... (10) Since the proportional constant k 1 is determined by the internal resistance of the battery and the proportional constant k 2 is determined by the heat capacity of the battery, if these proportional constants are measured in advance for the same battery, the charging current I 1 will increase the temperature increase ΔT 1
And a function of charge capacity C 1. Furthermore, the rising temperature ΔT 1
Is the difference between the upper limit temperature T u1 at the time of first-stage charging and the battery temperature T a before charging, which is determined by the characteristics of the battery, the battery will not be heated above the upper limit temperature T u during charging. Therefore, equation (10) becomes
【数１１】 Ｉ1 ＝（Ｔu1−Ｔa ）／（ｋ1 ＊ｋ2 ＊Ｃ1 ） …（１１） となり、このうち１段目充電上限温度Ｔu1、比例定数ｋ
1 ，ｋ2 は前述のようにバッテリの特性により定まる定
数であるので、これらを予め求めておけば、１段目充電
電流Ｉ1 は、充電前のバッテリ温度Ｔa と１段目充電量
Ｃ1 より算出することができる（Ｓ３８）。[ Equation 11] I 1 = (T u1 −T a ) / (k 1 * k 2 * C 1 ) ... (11), of which the first-stage charging upper limit temperature T u1 and proportional constant k
Since 1 and k 2 are constants determined by the characteristics of the battery as described above, if these are obtained in advance, the first-stage charging current I 1 is the battery temperature T a before charging and the first-stage charging amount C. It can be calculated from 1 (S38).
【００２４】１段目充電電流Ｉ1 が求まれば式（７）よ
り、１段目充電時間ｔ1 が算出できる（Ｓ４０）。これ
らの条件に基づき１段目充電が実行され、これが終了す
ると２段目充電が実行される。If the first-stage charging current I 1 is obtained, the first-stage charging time t 1 can be calculated from the equation (7) (S40). The first-stage charging is executed based on these conditions, and when this is completed, the second-stage charging is executed.
【００２５】以上、ふたつの実施例において、充電によ
って生じるバッテリ温度の上昇を考慮して、適正な温度
範囲で充電を行うことが可能となる。したがって、ＳＯ
Ｃが多くそれほど充電を行わなくて良いときには、充電
時間が短いので大きな電流を流すことが可能となる。言
い換えれば、電流をより多く流せることができるので、
充電時間を短縮することができる。また、充電時のバッ
テリ温度を所定値以下に納めることができるので、劣化
が抑制され、バッテリの寿命を延ばすことができる。As described above, in the two embodiments, it is possible to charge the battery within an appropriate temperature range in consideration of the increase in the battery temperature caused by the charging. Therefore, SO
When C is large and it is not necessary to perform charging so much, the charging time is short and a large current can be passed. In other words, because more current can flow,
The charging time can be shortened. Moreover, since the battery temperature during charging can be kept below a predetermined value, deterioration can be suppressed and the life of the battery can be extended.
【００２６】また、ふたつの実施例において、バッテリ
の蓄電状態（ＳＯＣ）の算出方法が異なるが、どちらの
方法を用いることも可能である。すなわち、第１の実施
例において、バッテリの内部抵抗に基づきＳＯＣの算出
を行うことも可能であり、また第２実施例において、バ
ッテリ端子電圧からＳＯＣの算出を行うこともできる。
さらに、バッテリに対する電気量の出入りを逐次監視
し、この履歴よりＳＯＣを算出することもできる。In the two embodiments, the method of calculating the state of charge (SOC) of the battery is different, but either method can be used. That is, in the first embodiment, the SOC can be calculated based on the internal resistance of the battery, and in the second embodiment, the SOC can be calculated from the battery terminal voltage.
Furthermore, it is also possible to successively monitor the amount of electricity flowing in and out of the battery and calculate the SOC from this history.
【００２７】さらに、ふたつの実施例おいては、２段階
の充電を行ったが、１段のみの充電を行うことも可能で
ある。この場合、１段目終了時のバッテリ温度がバッテ
リの充電時の上限温度となるように算出を行えば良く、
前述の実施例と同様充電時間が短縮される場合がある。Furthermore, in the two embodiments, the two-stage charging was performed, but it is also possible to perform only one-stage charging. In this case, the calculation may be performed so that the battery temperature at the end of the first stage is the upper limit temperature when charging the battery,
The charging time may be shortened as in the above-described embodiment.
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】以上のように、本発明によれば、バッテ
リの温度上昇を所定値以内に抑えることができるので、
充電時の温度上昇によるバッテリ劣化を防止することが
できる。したがって、バッテリの寿命を延ばすことがで
きる。また、バッテリ劣化が発生しない範囲で充電電流
を増加させることができるので、充電時間の短縮が可能
となる。As described above, according to the present invention, the temperature rise of the battery can be suppressed within a predetermined value.
It is possible to prevent battery deterioration due to temperature rise during charging. Therefore, the life of the battery can be extended. Moreover, since the charging current can be increased within the range where the battery deterioration does not occur, the charging time can be shortened.
【図１】本発明にかかる第１の実施例のフローチャート
である。FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a first embodiment according to the present invention.
【図２】第１の実施例において、適正な充電電流を算出
するときに用いる特性図である。FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram used when calculating an appropriate charging current in the first embodiment.
【図３】本発明にかかる第２の実施例のフローチャート
である。FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a second embodiment according to the present invention.
Claims (1)
気量を算出する工程と、 前記バッテリ温度と前記充電すべき電気量に基づき、充
電終了時のバッテリ温度が予め定められた所定温度以下
となる最大の充電電流を算出する工程と、 算出された充電電流によって充電を実行する工程と、 を含むことを特徴とするバッテリの充電方法。1. A step of detecting a battery temperature, a step of detecting a battery charge state, a step of calculating an amount of electricity to be charged based on the detected battery charge state, the battery temperature and the charge Based on the amount of electricity, a step of calculating a maximum charging current at which the battery temperature at the end of charging is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature, and a step of executing charging by the calculated charging current, How to charge the battery.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6226707A JPH0898426A (en) | 1994-09-21 | 1994-09-21 | Battery charging method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6226707A JPH0898426A (en) | 1994-09-21 | 1994-09-21 | Battery charging method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0898426A true JPH0898426A (en) | 1996-04-12 |
Family
ID=16849385
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6226707A Pending JPH0898426A (en) | 1994-09-21 | 1994-09-21 | Battery charging method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0898426A (en) |
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008136330A (en) * | 2006-11-29 | 2008-06-12 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Charging system, charger, and battery pack |
| CN101394103A (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2009-03-25 | 联想（新加坡）私人有限公司 | Surface temperature dependent battery cell charging system |
| JP2009081958A (en) * | 2007-09-26 | 2009-04-16 | Hitachi Vehicle Energy Ltd | Charge/discharge controller |
| JP2009148046A (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2009-07-02 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Charging method |
| JP2009183105A (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-08-13 | Panasonic Corp | Charge control circuit, battery pack, and charging system |
| JP2010121459A (en) * | 2008-11-17 | 2010-06-03 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | Idling stop control device |
| JP2010263676A (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-11-18 | Toshiba Corp | Information processing apparatus |
| US7887941B2 (en) | 2007-03-05 | 2011-02-15 | Lenovo (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. | Battery pack |
| JP2013106476A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2013-05-30 | Toshiba Corp | Charge and discharge planning system and charge and discharge planning method |
| JP2013258902A (en) * | 2007-12-10 | 2013-12-26 | Bayer Healthcare Llc | Fast charge and power supply management of battery-driven fluid sample measuring instrument |
| CN103682498A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2014-03-26 | 华为终端有限公司 | Charging method and electronic device |
| JP2015133813A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2015-07-23 | 株式会社デンソー | Charger |
| CN106663957A (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2017-05-10 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | Charging method, adapter, mobile terminal and charging system |
| JP2017108522A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2017-06-15 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Charge current setting method, charging method, charger and actuator |
| JP2020005350A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2020-01-09 | 株式会社マキタ | Rechargeable cleaner |
| CN114243136A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-03-25 | 厦门金龙汽车新能源科技有限公司 | Charging optimization method for lithium battery |
| WO2023245555A1 (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2023-12-28 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Calculation device and charging method and device for battery thereof, and medium |
-
1994
- 1994-09-21 JP JP6226707A patent/JPH0898426A/en active Pending
Cited By (31)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008136330A (en) * | 2006-11-29 | 2008-06-12 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Charging system, charger, and battery pack |
| US8111035B2 (en) | 2006-11-29 | 2012-02-07 | Panasonic Corporation | Charging system, charging device and battery pack |
| US8097356B2 (en) | 2007-03-05 | 2012-01-17 | Lenovo (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. | Battery pack |
| US7887941B2 (en) | 2007-03-05 | 2011-02-15 | Lenovo (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. | Battery pack |
| JP4660523B2 (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2011-03-30 | レノボ・シンガポール・プライベート・リミテッド | Charging system that controls charging at the surface temperature of the battery cell |
| CN101394103A (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2009-03-25 | 联想（新加坡）私人有限公司 | Surface temperature dependent battery cell charging system |
| JP2009077466A (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2009-04-09 | Lenovo Singapore Pte Ltd | Charging system for controlling charge by using surface temperature of battery cell |
| TWI475781B (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2015-03-01 | Lenovo Singapore Pte Ltd | A charging system for charging control of the surface temperature of the battery cell, a charging method, a charging device, a battery pack, and a computer program |
| JP2009081958A (en) * | 2007-09-26 | 2009-04-16 | Hitachi Vehicle Energy Ltd | Charge/discharge controller |
| US9312720B2 (en) | 2007-12-10 | 2016-04-12 | Ascensia Diabetes Care Holdings Ag | Rapid charging and power management of a battery-powered fluid analyte meter |
| US9667078B2 (en) | 2007-12-10 | 2017-05-30 | Ascensia Diabetes Care Holdings Ag | Rapid charging and power management of a battery-powered fluid analyte meter |
| JP2013258902A (en) * | 2007-12-10 | 2013-12-26 | Bayer Healthcare Llc | Fast charge and power supply management of battery-driven fluid sample measuring instrument |
| US10763681B2 (en) | 2007-12-10 | 2020-09-01 | Ascensia Diabetes Care Holdings Ag | Rapid charging and power management of a battery-powered fluid analyte meter |
| US10320212B2 (en) | 2007-12-10 | 2019-06-11 | Ascensia Diabetes Care Holdings Ag | Rapid charging and power management of a battery-powered fluid analyte meter |
| US10050458B2 (en) | 2007-12-10 | 2018-08-14 | Ascensia Diabetes Care Holdings Ag | Rapid charging and power management of a battery-powered fluid analyte meter |
| JP2009148046A (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2009-07-02 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Charging method |
| JP2009183105A (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-08-13 | Panasonic Corp | Charge control circuit, battery pack, and charging system |
| JP2010121459A (en) * | 2008-11-17 | 2010-06-03 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | Idling stop control device |
| JP2011078307A (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2011-04-14 | Toshiba Corp | Information processing device and charging method |
| US8035351B2 (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2011-10-11 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Information processing apparatus |
| JP2010263676A (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-11-18 | Toshiba Corp | Information processing apparatus |
| JP4635094B2 (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2011-02-16 | 株式会社東芝 | Information processing device |
| JP2013106476A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2013-05-30 | Toshiba Corp | Charge and discharge planning system and charge and discharge planning method |
| US9093844B2 (en) | 2011-11-15 | 2015-07-28 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Charge/discharge scheduling system and charge/discharge scheduling method |
| CN103682498A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2014-03-26 | 华为终端有限公司 | Charging method and electronic device |
| JP2015133813A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2015-07-23 | 株式会社デンソー | Charger |
| JP2017108522A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2017-06-15 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Charge current setting method, charging method, charger and actuator |
| CN106663957A (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2017-05-10 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | Charging method, adapter, mobile terminal and charging system |
| JP2020005350A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2020-01-09 | 株式会社マキタ | Rechargeable cleaner |
| CN114243136A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-03-25 | 厦门金龙汽车新能源科技有限公司 | Charging optimization method for lithium battery |
| WO2023245555A1 (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2023-12-28 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Calculation device and charging method and device for battery thereof, and medium |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JPH0898426A (en) | Battery charging method | |
| JP6119402B2 (en) | Internal resistance estimation device and internal resistance estimation method | |
| US7253587B2 (en) | Method for prediction of electrical characteristics of an electrochemical storage battery | |
| JP4042917B1 (en) | Capacitor power supply abnormality determination method and abnormality determination apparatus | |
| US20010035738A1 (en) | Method for determining the state of charge of lead-acid rechargeable batteries | |
| JPH0652903A (en) | Battery monitor for monitoring of operating parameter of battery | |
| JP7145865B2 (en) | Rechargeable battery short-circuit prediction device and rechargeable battery short-circuit prediction method | |
| JP2006337155A (en) | Battery-monitoring device | |
| JP2002165380A (en) | Charging system of battery set | |
| TW200827754A (en) | A method of calculating remaining capacity of rechargeable battery | |
| JP2010252474A (en) | Method of charging secondary battery | |
| JP2015104139A (en) | Charging method of secondary battery, and charging device employing the same | |
| JP5129029B2 (en) | Open voltage value estimation method and open voltage value estimation apparatus | |
| JP5372208B2 (en) | Secondary battery charging method and charging device using the same | |
| US20050062458A1 (en) | Method for determination of characteristic variable which relates to the state of charge of a storage battery | |
| KR19990028876A (en) | Control and Termination of Battery Charging Process | |
| CN117250514A (en) | Correction method for full life cycle SOC of power battery system | |
| CN113075558B (en) | Battery SOC estimation method, device and system | |
| JP3678045B2 (en) | Battery charging method | |
| JP3075103B2 (en) | Battery capacity measuring method and circuit | |
| CN112349986B (en) | Self-adaptive charging method and system | |
| JP3506037B2 (en) | Battery life determining method and battery life determining device | |
| JP2002199606A (en) | Battery pack and charging method of the battery | |
| JPH10201111A (en) | Charging control method and charging control device | |
| JP4007945B2 (en) | Charging method and program thereof |