JPH08241783A - Heat generating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a heat generating device excellent in energy saving property. CONSTITUTION: In a heat generating device 10 using a self-temperature control heat generating element as a heat generating element 12, the whole heat generating element 12 is covered with a heat insulating material 14. The heat insulating material 14 is formed of a heat insulating part 16 for substantially insulating the heat released from the heat generating element 12, and a radiation resistance part 18 having a heat resistance smaller than the heat insulating part 16 which is arranged on the side of a material 24 subjected to radiation.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat generating device, and more particularly to a heat generating device which can be suitably used for heating, snow melting, heat retention and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Nowadays, there is a strong demand for global environmental protection and resource saving, and sophistication of energy use and energy saving have become important issues, and various heat generating devices are also used in the fields of heating, snow melting, heat retention, etc. Has been developed and put into practical use. For example, floor heating of various facilities such as welfare facilities, hospitals, government offices, hotels, offices, schools, indoor heating such as wall heating, or snow melting of their roofs, or roads,
Various snowflakes are used for snow melting in parking lots.

[0003] Such a heat generating device is generally composed mainly of a heating element without a livestock heating material (hereinafter referred to as "no livestock heating material"), and one including a heating material together with a heating element (hereinafter referred to as "livestock heating material"). , And that there is livestock heat material).

In the former case, for example, when it is used for road snow melting, a heating element made of a metal heating wire such as a cable heater is buried in a road surface made of asphalt, concrete or the like, and an electric current is passed through the heating element. The heat is generated, which warms the road surface and melts the snow. At this time, in order to effectively warm the road surface, a heat insulating material may be provided below the heating element to prevent heat from escaping downward.

On the other hand, in the latter case, for example, when used for floor heating, as shown in FIG. 6, a heat insulating layer 102 is provided on a substrate 101, and a sheet heating element 103 made of metal foil or carbon is provided thereon. The heat storage material 104 is placed, and the mortar 105 is poured onto the heat storage material 104 to solidify it, and the floor material 106 is further formed. Then, in the heat generating device 100, the heat generating element 10 which is discharged by energization
The heat of No. 3 is absorbed by the heat storage material 104, and the heat absorbed by the heat storage material 104 is radiated to the floor material 106 through the mortar 105 when the power is not supplied.

[0006] In addition, in the case of using this livestock heat material,
The heat storage material may be placed on the heating element laid between the joists on the floor of the house.

[0007]

However, when the former heat storage material is not used, in the conventional heating element as described above,
Since it is necessary to arrange temperature control means from the outside such as a thermostat and to control the temperature of the heating element by this,
A fatal trouble may occur due to the failure of the control means, and there is a problem in safety and energy saving.

In order to solve such a problem, in recent years,
There is a heating element using a so-called self-temperature control heating element. Here, the self-temperature control heating element is, for example, a thermal semiconductor made of carbon and polymer, and acts as follows. That is, when electric power is supplied to the heating element, Joule heat is generated, and the temperature of the heating element and its surroundings is raised. As the temperature rises, the electric resistance value of the heating element gradually increases, and the amount of current is saved. Then, when the temperature becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, the electric resistance value sharply increases, the amount of current is significantly reduced, and the generation of Joule heat is suppressed. As a result, the power consumption can be suppressed while maintaining the heating element at the predetermined temperature.
This predetermined temperature is called Curie temperature.

When such a self-temperature control heating element is used, in the conventional heating device as described above, even if a heat insulating material is provided below the heating element, the above Joule heat is distributed to the surroundings. There is a lot of heat dissipation, especially when the ambient temperature is very low, such as on the road surface in winter, the Curie temperature cannot be reached. Therefore, there is a problem that the original effect of the self-temperature control heating element that the electric resistance value does not increase and a large amount of current flows and consumes unnecessary electricity and enables energy saving is not obtained. is there.

On the other hand, in the latter case with the heat storage material, the heat released from the heating element 103 by energization heats not only the heat storage material 104 but also the mortar 105, and also absorbs the heat. The formed mortar 105 releases its heat to the outside one after another. Therefore, there is a problem that it takes a long time to raise the temperature of the heat storage material 104, resulting in unnecessary energy loss.

This is because the heat storage material 104 particularly utilizes latent heat accompanied by a phase change between solid and liquid, such as a case where a heat storage agent such as sodium acetate or ethylene glycol is enclosed in a container. It becomes a problem when it is a type of animal heat material. This is because such a heat storage material 104 does not absorb latent heat even if it is heated for many hours unless the temperature is raised to the melting point where the phase changes. Therefore, it is important to quickly raise the heat storage material 104 to the melting point, but in the case of the conventional heat generating device 100 described above, the heat released from the heating element 103 is mortar directly or through the heat storage material 104. This is because the heat is released to the air 105 and then to the outside air one after another, and is not quickly absorbed by the heat storage material 104. Therefore, especially the heating element 10
Even if the temperature is non-uniform between the portion in contact with 3 and the portion not in contact, that is, a temperature gradient occurs in the thickness direction of the heat storage material 104, and the lower surface side reaches the melting point and becomes a latent heat absorption state of constant temperature. However, there is a problem in that the upper surface side does not easily reach the melting point, and the heat storage rate of the whole heat storage material 104 becomes very slow.

Also in this case, when the self-temperature control heating element is used, the same problem as in the case without the above-mentioned heat storage material occurs, and the effect of the self-temperature control function cannot be sufficiently exhibited. is there.

In the case of a heat generating device having such a heat storage material, the purpose is to reduce the cost for heating in the daytime and snow melting in the morning by using low-cost nighttime electric power. , Even if there is no need for heating, electricity is applied at night, or even if there is no concern about snowfall / freezing, electricity is applied the night before in preparation for snowfall. Therefore, from the viewpoint of energy saving, it is necessary to store heat in the shortest possible time, and it is desirable to use a heat generating device with less heat loss.

The time zone of nighttime electric power is usually 10 hours from 22:00 to 8:00 the next day, but it is difficult for the conventional heat generating device to store heat within that time, so the heat generation temperature is high. A heating element having a high temperature of 80 ° C. may be used. Although the slaughter heat at high temperature can be slaughtered relatively quickly, there is a problem that energy loss is large because mortar and the like also absorb and release a large amount of heat.

On the other hand, in the conventional case, when a heating element in a low temperature region of 60 ° C. or less is used, the amount of the animal heat storage agent is reduced and the melting point of the animal heat storage agent is set to be low. Although it is possible, there is a problem in that it can be used only in a low temperature region (floor temperature / room temperature). Also in this case, there is a problem that energization for a long time is necessary and energy is wasted due to heat radiation to the outside.

In view of the above points, the present invention has an object to provide a heat-generating device which is excellent in energy saving in a heat-generating device without a heat-generating material, and in a heat-generating device with a heat-generating material, a rapid heat-generating device is provided. It is an object of the present invention to provide a heat-generating device that enables heat storage and is excellent in energy saving.

[0017]

A heating device according to a first aspect of the present invention is a heating device using a self-temperature control heating element as a heating element, wherein the heating element is entirely covered with a heat insulating material,
The heat insulating material includes a heat insulating portion that substantially blocks heat emitted from the heating element, and a heat radiating resistance portion that is disposed on the heat radiating material side and has a smaller thermal resistance than the heat insulating portion.

A heat generating device according to a second aspect of the present invention comprises a heat generating element, a heat storage material that contacts the heat generating element, and a heat insulating material that covers the whole of the heat generating material. And a heat radiation resistance portion which is disposed on the radiated material side and has a smaller thermal resistance than the heat insulation portion.

In this case, the heating element is a self-temperature control heating element, and the heat storage material undergoes a phase change between solid and liquid due to the temperature change, and absorbs latent heat accompanying the phase change. It is preferably released.

In the above first and second inventions, it is preferable that the outside of the heat insulating material is covered with an exterior housing.

In the above first and second inventions,
As a heat insulating material that covers the heating element and the "whole" of the heating element and the animal heat storage material, not only the one that completely covers them but also the part that is not covered to the extent that they do not significantly affect the temperature rise Also includes those having. An example of the latter case is, for example, a case where the heat generating device has an elongated shape such as a strip shape and the end faces at both ends in the longitudinal direction thereof are not covered with a heat insulating material.

[0022]

In the heat generating device according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the entire self-temperature control heating element is covered with the heat insulating material including the heat insulating portion and the heat radiation resistance portion, the Joule heat generated from the heat generating element is transmitted to the outside. Since the amount of emission is reduced, the temperature of the heating element easily rises. Further, the heat insulating portion substantially blocks the heat radiation from the surface not on the heat radiating material side, and the heat radiation resistance portion partially radiates heat on the heat radiating material side.
Raise the temperature of the material to be radiated.

In the heat generating device according to the second aspect of the present invention, the heat storage material that contacts the heat generating element is covered with the heat insulation material together with the heat generating element. Therefore, Joule heat generated from the heat generating element is preferentially applied to the heat storage material. Can be absorbed. Further, the heat insulating portion substantially blocks the heat radiation from the surface not on the heat radiating material side, and the heat radiation resistance portion partially radiates heat on the heat radiating material side, and the heat raises the temperature of the heat radiating material. .

Here, even when the self-temperature control heating element is used as the heating element and the latent heat absorption type is used as the animal heating material, this heating device allows the animal heating material to reach the melting point quickly and the latent heat. Can be absorbed. In addition, since the temperature rising rate of the heat storage material is high, the heating element can reach the Curie temperature at an early stage, and the self-temperature control function thereof can be sufficiently exerted. As described above, with this heating device, it is possible to effectively use the self-temperature control heating element and the latent heat absorption type heat storage material, and it is possible to achieve both heat storage performance and energy saving performance.

In the first and second inventions described above, if the outer side of the heat insulating material is covered with the outer housing, the load resistance is excellent, so that the heat insulating material is suitably used for snow melting and icing prevention on roads and parking lots. be able to.

[0026]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, a heat generating device 10 according to an embodiment of the first invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the heat generating device 10, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a state in which the heat generating device 10 is used as floor heating.

The heat generating device 10 has a structure without a heat storage material, and is formed in an elongated strip shape having a rectangular cross section.

Reference numeral 12 is an elongated rectangular plate-shaped planar heating element having a self-temperature control function. This sheet heating element 12
Are provided with electrodes (not shown), and these electrodes are connected to a power supply via lead wires 23.

The sheet heating element 12 is made of an organic thermal semiconductor obtained by mixing and rolling carbon and polyethylene glycol, and has a Curie temperature of 55.degree. That is, when the ambient temperature rises to 55 ° C. or higher, the electric resistance value of the planar heating element 12 sharply increases and the amount of current decreases, and the sheet heating element 12 maintains a constant temperature in the 55 ° C. region.

Reference numeral 14 is a foamed resin heat insulating material that covers the entire sheet heating element 12. The heat insulating material 14 includes a heat insulating portion 16 that contacts the lower surface of the sheet heating element 12 and the sheet heating element 1.
The heat radiation resistance portion 18 is in contact with the side surface and the upper surface of 2.

The heat insulating portion 16 is made of a rigid polyurethane foam in the shape of a rectangular plate having a thickness of 10 mm, is formed slightly larger than the lower surface dimension of the sheet heating element 12, and supports the entire lower surface from below.

The heat radiation resistance portion 18 is made of polystyrene foam having a thickness of 3 mm and has a concave cross section. The upper surface and the side surface of the sheet heating element 12 are in contact with the concave portion. The lower end of the heat radiation resistance portion 18 is in contact with the upper surface of the heat insulation portion 16.

Reference numeral 20 is an exterior housing that covers the outside of the heat insulating material 14. The exterior housing 20 is a square steel pipe having a thickness of 2.5 mm.

Reference numeral 21 is a cap of the exterior housing 20 arranged at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the heat generating device 10. On the inner surface of the cap 21, a heat radiation resistance portion 18 made of polystyrene foam having a thickness of 3 mm is arranged. Further, the cap 21 is provided with a small hole (not shown), through which the lead wire 23 penetrates.

In this way, the entire surface of the sheet heating element 12 is completely covered with the heat insulating material 14. Also,
The heat insulation part 16 has a larger thermal resistance than the heat dissipation resistance part 18,
It is formed so that the heat radiation from the planar heating element 12 can be substantially blocked. The heat radiation resistance portion 18 has an appropriate heat insulating property so that a certain amount of heat can be released to the outside.

When manufacturing the heat generating device 10, the heat insulating material 14 is previously formed on the inner surface of the outer housing 20, the sheet heating element 12 is inserted therein, and then both ends of the outer housing 20 are capped. It closes at 21, 21.

When this heat generating device 10 is installed under the floor, a plurality of heat generating devices 10 are placed side by side on the base 22 of the floor with the heat radiation resistance portion 18 side facing upward. Then, after connecting the lead wire 23 to the power source, the mortar 24 is poured and hardened.
Further, the floor material 26 is formed thereon.

Next, the operation of the heat generating device 10 will be described.

When the heating device 10 is energized, the sheet heating element 1
At 2, Joule heat is generated, and the temperature of the sheet heating element 12 starts to rise. This Joule heat is not emitted on the lower surface side of the sheet heating element 12 because of the heat insulating portion 16. On the other hand, on the upper surface side and the side surface side of the planar heating element 12, since the heat radiation resistance portion 18 is provided, it is only partially released to the outside. Therefore, the temperature of the sheet heating element 12 continues to rise, and the temperature inside the heat insulating material 14 becomes 55 ° C. or higher,
The electric resistance value suddenly increases and the current amount decreases, and a constant temperature is maintained in the 55 ° C region. At this time, the temperature of the outer side of the heat insulating material 14, that is, the temperature of the exterior housing 20, the mortar 24, and the floor material 26 is maintained constant at a moderate temperature lower than 55 ° C. by the heat released partially.

For example, when the heating device 10 of this embodiment is used at room temperature of 20 ° C., the temperature of the floor material 26 is about 2.
It was kept constant at 5 ° C.

As described above, with the present heating device 10,
The temperature of the planar heating element 12 can quickly reach the Curie temperature, and the self-temperature control function can be sufficiently exerted. Therefore, unnecessary energy consumption can be reduced and energy saving is excellent.

When the ambient temperature is high, such as in summer,
The heat insulating material 14 can protect the sheet heating element 12 from its high temperature.

Further, since the heating device 10 can be constructed by inserting the sheet heating element 12 into the heat insulating material 14, the manufacturing is easy and the maintainability is excellent.

Furthermore, in the case of this heat generating device 10, since the sheet heating element 12 is arranged integrally with the heat insulating material 14 in the outer housing 20, those independent of each other are assembled at the installation site. The workability at the installation site is superior to that of the conventional heat generating device 100 described above.

In the present embodiment, the heating element 12 can be used as long as it has the above-mentioned self-temperature control function without any particular limitation on its shape, etc., but in actual use Is preferably a sheet heating element. In the case of the planar heating element 12, at least one surface of the front and back surfaces thereof is provided with the heat insulating portion 16 and the other surface thereof is provided with the heat radiation resistance portion 18.
Are arranged to form the heat insulating material 14.

Regarding the heat insulating material 14, the heat insulating portion 16 and the heat radiation resistance portion 18 are made of different materials, but they may be made of the same material. In the case of the same material, the thickness ratio of the two is preferably 0.5 or less when the heat insulating portion 16 is set to 1 in order to exhibit the above appropriate heat insulating effect, and 0.3 The following is more preferable.

In the case of different materials, the heat resistance ratio of both materials, that is, the adiabatic ratio is 0.5 or less when the heat insulating portion 16 is set to 1, so that the above-mentioned appropriate heat insulating effect is obtained. It is preferable in that it can be exerted, and more preferably 0.3 or less.

The heat insulating material 14 has, for example, a thermal conductivity of 0.02 to 0.05 kcal / m · h · ° C. (20 ° C.).
A general foamed resin such as polystyrene foam, rigid polyurethane foam, or polyolefin foam can be used. And when selecting such foamed resin, their heat resistance, water absorption, compressibility,
From the viewpoint of elongation, workability and thickness limitation, the heat generating device 10
Consider the application and productivity. When such a general foamed resin is used, the thickness of the heat insulating portion 16 is preferably 5 mm or more from the viewpoint of heat insulating property, and more preferably 10 mm or more. Further, the thickness of the heat radiation resistance portion 18 is 1
It is preferably 5 mm from the viewpoint of the above-mentioned appropriate heat insulating effect, and more preferably 2 mm to 3 mm.

Preferably, when the sheet heating element 12 reaches the Curie temperature, it is calculated or actually measured how much energy flows to the mortar 24 through the heat radiation resistance portion 18, and the amount of energy is calculated. The heat resistance of the heat radiation resistance unit 18 is set so that the heat resistance becomes a value according to each application.

In the case of the strip-shaped long heat generating device 10 as in the present embodiment, the cap 21 of the exterior housing 20 does not necessarily have to be provided with the heat radiation resistance portion 18, the heat insulating portion 16 and other heat insulating layers. There is no. That is, the heat insulating layer may not be provided at all. However, it is better to install them.
This is preferable because it is possible to prevent unnecessary leakage of heat at the end portions.

The exterior housing 20 is not limited to a square steel pipe, but when used for road snow melting, for example, a metal box or a resin pipe or box such as hard plastic is used. As described above, any material that can withstand a load from above may be used. This is because when used to prevent snow melting and freezing on roads and parking lots, problems such as disconnection and damage may occur due to weight load, vibration, expansion and contraction of road materials, etc. Is. Therefore, when it is used for floor heating, it is not always necessary to have this load bearing structure. When the exterior housing 20 is used for road snow melting,
It also has the effect of protecting the interior from the asphalt solvent.

When a pipe is used as the exterior housing 20, both ends need not necessarily be closed by the caps 21.

Further, the exterior housing 20 is a vertically divided type consisting of a box body and a lid, and the heat insulating material 14 is previously formed on the inner surface thereof.
Can also be formed. That is, the heat insulating portion 16 is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the box body that opens upward, and the heat radiation resistance portion 18 is arranged on the inner side surface of the box body.
It is also possible to arrange the heat dissipation resistance portion 18 on the lower surface of the lid and cover the box main body with the lid to form the heat insulating material 14. Also in this case, the heating device 10 can be configured only by inserting the planar heating element 12 into the heat insulating material 14, and therefore the manufacturing is easy.

The heat insulating material 14 may be formed by integrally molding the heat insulating portion 16 and the heat radiation resistance portion 18, or may be composed of a plurality of appropriately divided members. That is, the heat radiation resistance portion 18 having an appropriate heat insulating property on the side of the heat radiating material and the heat insulating portion 16 of high heat insulation on the side without the heat radiating material.
If it is formed, various design changes are possible.

Next, a heat generating device according to an embodiment of the second invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a heat generating device 50 according to an embodiment of the second invention, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the heat generating device 50 used for road snow melting. Is. The heat generating device 50 is configured to have a heat storage material. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the above-described FIGS.
The components denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG.

Reference numeral 52 is a heat storage material that comes into contact with the upper surface of the sheet heating element 12. This heat storage material 52 is used as the sheet heating element 12.
It has the same length and width as and contacts the entire upper surface of the sheet heating element 12. The heat storage material 52 is composed of a container and a heat storage agent enclosed in the container. The container is made of a three-layer film made of synthetic resin, and its inner layer is a heat-sealing layer. The heat storage agent is composed of polyethylene glycols having different molecular weights, and the melting point thereof is about 30 ° C. ± 4 ° C. by adjusting the mixing ratio thereof.

The upper surface and the side surface of the heat storage material 52 are in contact with the inner surface of the heat radiation resistance portion 18, and the lower surface is in contact with the upper surface of the sheet heating element 12 as described above. The lower surface of the sheet heating element 12 is in contact with the upper surface of the heat insulating portion 16, so that the sheet heating element 12 and the heat storage material 52 are entirely covered with the heat insulating material 14.

The exterior housing 20 has a wall thickness of 2.5 mm, an outer diameter of 120 (width) × 40 (height) mm,
An inner diameter: 115 (width) x 35 (height) mm square steel pipe is used.

When manufacturing the heat generating device 50 described above, the container of the heat storage material 52 is inserted together with the sheet heating element 12 into the exterior housing 20 in which the heat insulating material 14 is formed in advance. After that, the heat storage agent is injected through the opening of the container, and the opening is sealed by heat fusion.

As described above, by using the three-layer film as the container for the animal heat storage material 52 and inserting it into the heat insulating material 14 before enclosing the animal heat storage agent, the animal heat storage material 52 is inserted into the sheet heating element 12.
And the heat radiation resistance portion 18 can be more closely attached.

A plurality of the above-described heat generating devices 50 are placed at predetermined positions at predetermined intervals on the road base 54 with the heat radiation resistance portion 18 side facing upward. Then, after connecting a power source to an electrode (not shown), the asphalt 56 is poured to flatten and harden the road surface 58.

Next, the operation of the heat generating device 50 will be described.

When the heating device 50 is energized, the sheet heating element 1
At 2, Joule heat is generated, and the temperature of the sheet heating element 12 starts to rise. This Joule heat is absorbed by the heat storage material 52 that contacts the upper surface of the sheet heating element 12, and the temperature of the heat storage material 52 also begins to rise. At this time, since the upper surface and the side surface of the heat storage material 52 are surrounded by the heat radiation resistance portion 18, heat is only partially radiated from there. Therefore, the Joule heat is efficiently absorbed by the heat storage material 52. The Joule heat is not released to the outside by the heat insulating portion 16 on the lower surface side of the sheet heating element 12, and is only partially released to the outside on the side surface side by the heat radiation resistance portion 18.

As described above, the heat storage material 52 has the heat radiation resistance portion 18
Due to the heat resistance of the sheet heating element, less energy is absorbed than the energy absorbed from the sheet heating element 12. Therefore, the temperature of the animal heat storage material 52 efficiently reaches the melting point 30 ° C. at which the temperature rises efficiently and causes a phase change, and the latent heat energy is absorbed in the temperature constant state.

When the latent heat energy is completely absorbed, the animal heat storage material 5
The temperature of 2 starts to rise again, and when it reaches 55 ° C. or higher, the electric resistance value of the sheet heating element 12 rapidly increases and the amount of current decreases, and the temperature is maintained constant in the 55 ° C. range. In addition,
The asphalt 56 is gradually heated by the heat released through the heat dissipation resistance portion 18 little by little, and is preheated to an appropriate temperature. This preheating also enables snow melting and the like.

Then, when the power supply is stopped, the heat storage material 52
Until the temperature reaches from 55.degree. C. to about 30.degree. C., which is the freezing point, sensible heat radiation accompanied by the temperature drop is performed. And
Latent heat is released while maintaining that temperature at the freezing point. After the latent heat is released, the temperature starts to drop again and the sensible heat is radiated. As a result, the road surface 58 is maintained at a constant temperature and melts snow. In addition, freezing is also prevented.

As described above, with the present heating device 50,
Since the animal heat storage material 52 quickly reaches the melting point and enters the latent heat absorbing state, the animal heat storage can be performed in a short time. Also, livestock heat material 52
Reaches the melting point quickly, so the outer housing 20
Also, the temperature of the asphalt 56 quickly rises to an appropriate temperature range and is maintained in that temperature range. That is, by providing the heat insulating material 14, it is possible to store heat for a short time and prevent wasteful energy release.

Further, the heat insulating material 14 allows the sheet heating element 12 to be formed.
Since the temperature of 1 can quickly reach the Curie temperature, even a heating element having a self-temperature control function can sufficiently exhibit its function.

Furthermore, when the ambient temperature is high such as in summer,
The heat insulating material 14 protects the sheet heating element 12 and the heat storage material 52 from the high temperature.

Furthermore, the sheet heating element 12 is provided in the heat insulating material 14.
Since the heat generating device 50 is configured by inserting the heat storage material 52, the manufacturing is easy and the maintainability is excellent.

With this heating device 50, the sheet heating element 1
2. Since the heat storage material 52 and the heat insulating material 14 are integrally arranged in the exterior housing 20, the load resistance and workability at the installation site are excellent.

In this embodiment, the heating element 12 is
The sheet heating element does not necessarily have a self-temperature control function, and may be, for example, a metal wire heating element or a sheet heating element made of a metal foil. This point is different from the heat generating device 10 shown in FIG. 1, and in this case, a thermostat is provided to control the temperature.

As in this embodiment, the self-temperature control heating element 1
Even when 2 and a so-called latent heat absorption type animal heat storage material 52 are used, a thermostat is provided, and for example, when the temperature of the animal heat storage material 52 starts to rise again from the latent heat absorption state It may be set to cut off the power supply.
Further, when only nighttime power is used, control means for turning off power in other time zones may be provided.

In the present embodiment, the heat storage agent used as the heat storage material 52 is not limited to the above-mentioned polyethylene glycol, for example, glycols such as ethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol, sodium acetate, sodium sulfate and the like. Various materials can be used as long as the melting point can be set within the operating temperature range.

The container for the heat storage material 52 is not limited to the above-mentioned three-layer film, but may be a molded container such as a round pipe or a rectangular box. Further, the sheet heating element 12 may be integrally formed in advance in the container of the heat storage material 52.

When the heating element 12 is a planar heating element and the heat storage material 52 is plate-shaped as in this embodiment, they are superposed and at least the front and back of the superposed ones are overlapped. The heat insulating portion 16 is arranged on one surface and the heat radiation resistance portion 18 is arranged on the other surface to form the heat insulating material 14.

In the present embodiment, the heat insulating property of the heat radiating resistor portion 18 may be set so that appropriate energy can pass through the heat radiating resistor portion 18 at the melting point of the heat storage material 52. That is, at the melting point, the required amount of heat of the snow melting load may be set so as to pass through the heat radiation resistance portion 18 and be supplied to the asphalt 56. As such a heat insulating design, the configurations of the heat insulating portion 16 and the heat radiation resistance portion 18 described in detail in the heat generating device 10 can be preferably used.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a heat generating device 60 according to another embodiment of the second invention, showing a state in which it is used for floor heating. The heat generating device 60 includes the sheet heating element 12
The arrangement of the heat storage material 52 is different from that of the heat generating device 50.

In this heating device 60, the positional relationship between the sheet heating element 12 and the heat storage material 52 is reversed. That is, the heat storage material 52 is in contact with the upper surface of the heat insulating portion 16, and the heating element 12 is arranged on the upper surface of the heat storage material 52.

By reversing the arrangement in this way,
As compared with the case where the heat generating device 50 is used, a higher floor material 26 temperature is obtained. However, in this case, the sheet heating element 1
Since the upper surface of 2 is in contact with the heat radiation resistance portion 18 having a low heat insulating property, the radiation of Joule heat from the heat radiation resistance portion 18 is larger than that of the heat generating device 50. Therefore, when the heat storage property is emphasized, it is preferable to arrange the heating device 50 so that the heat storage material 52 can preferentially absorb the Joule heat.

Hereinafter, the heat generating device 5 of the present invention shown in FIGS.
An example in which the heat storage properties of 0 (hereinafter, referred to as an example) and the conventional heat generating device 100 (hereinafter, referred to as a comparative example) shown in FIG. 6 are compared will be described. In the comparative example, the planar heating element 103 and the heat storage material 104 are the same as those in the example, and the heat insulating layer 102 has the same heat insulating property as the heat insulating part 16 in the example. I used the one I had.

Both heat generating devices were embedded in a case filled with sand and placed in the shade outdoors. And
Both devices were energized, and the temperature of the intermediate layer of the heat storage material and sand was measured every 1 hour. Table 1 shows the measurement results. The outside air temperature at the start of measurement was 3.5 ° C.

[0086]

[Table 1] The temperature of the heat storage material 52 of the embodiment is 30 ° C. after 3 hours and 45 minutes.
Then, the latent heat absorption region (30 ° C. ± 4 ° C.) was reached, but the heat storage material 104 of the comparative example required 6 hours and 50 minutes. As a result, the example has a heat storage rate nearly double that of the comparative example.

The temperature of the sand intermediate layer is, in the embodiment,
About 5 hours later, the temperature rise slowed down, and after 5 hours, the temperature was maintained in the range of 12 to 13 ° C, whereas in Comparative Example, the temperature reached 14.4 ° C after 4 hours, and Continued to rise. As a result, in the comparative example, it is found that the temperature of the sand has risen to a temperature range unnecessary for snow melting, resulting in unnecessary energy loss.

The temperature of 12 to 13 ° C. in the embodiment is sufficient for snow melting, and even if the outside air temperature becomes 0 ° C. or less and snowfall occurs and the ground temperature decreases, The load of snowmelt can be easily followed by latent heat dissipation.

The above-mentioned phenomenon in this example and the comparative example becomes more remarkable when the carbon sheet heating element that generates heat at a high temperature of 80 ° C. or higher is used.

As described above, the heating device 50 of this embodiment.
In this case, the slaughter heat rate will be doubled (suffering time is half), and the heat dissipation time at night will be halved, the heat loss will be halved, and unnecessary night slaughter heat will be avoided, which is economical. Since the heat storage rate is doubled, twice the amount of heat storage can be obtained within the same time. The ambient temperature can be maintained constant while controlling heat dissipation. Since there is no wasteful heat dissipation, it is possible to quickly raise the temperature even for a heating element in a low temperature range. The load resistance is excellent due to the outer housing 20. The effect is obtained. Therefore, this heating device 50
If so, rapid heat storage, energy saving, and load resistance can be satisfied.

[0091]

According to the heat generating device of the first aspect of the present invention, by controlling the heat radiation of Joule heat to the outside, even when the ambient temperature is very low, such as on a road surface in winter,
Curie temperature can be reached quickly. Therefore, the amount of current can be saved at an early stage, wasteful consumption of electricity can be suppressed, and the original effect of the self-temperature control heating element can be sufficiently exerted, resulting in excellent energy saving. Further, since the heating element is covered with the heat insulating material, the heating element can be thermally protected at high temperatures such as summer.

In the heat generating device according to the second aspect of the present invention, the heat storage material preferentially absorbs the Joule heat, so that the temperature rising speed of the heat storage material is fast, and therefore quick heat storage is possible. Also,
The partial heat dissipation from the heat dissipation resistance portion can control the heat dissipation to the heat-dissipated material during heat storage, so that it is excellent in energy saving. In addition, since the heat generating element and the heat storage material are covered with the heat insulating material, the heat generating element and the heat storage material can be thermally protected at high temperatures such as summer.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a heat generating device 10 according to an embodiment of the first invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the heat generating device 10.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a heat generating device 50 according to an embodiment of the second invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a heat generating device 50.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a heat generating device 60 according to another embodiment of the second invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional heat generating device 100.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10, 50, 60 ... Heating device 12 ... Sheet heating element 14 ... Insulation material 16 ... Insulation part 18 ... Radiation resistance part 20 ... Exterior housing 52 ... Heat storage material

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A heating device using a self-temperature control heating element as a heating element, wherein the entire heating element is covered with a heat insulating material, and the heat insulating material protects heat emitted from the heat generating element. A heat generating device, comprising: a heat insulating portion that substantially cuts off; and a heat radiating resistance portion that is disposed on the heat radiating material side and has a smaller heat resistance than the heat insulating portion. 2. A heating element, and a heat storage material contacting the heating element,
A heat insulating material that covers all of these, the heat insulating material being disposed on the heat radiating material side and a heat insulating portion that substantially blocks the heat emitted from the heating element, and having a smaller thermal resistance than the heat insulating portion. A heat generating device comprising a heat radiation resistance portion. 3. The heating element is a self-temperature control heating element, and the heat storage material undergoes a phase change between solid and liquid due to the temperature change, and absorbs and releases latent heat accompanying the phase change. The heat generating device according to claim 2, wherein 4. The heat generating device according to claim 1, wherein the heat insulating material is covered on the outside with an exterior housing.