JPH0819540B2 - Filter-press type electrolytic cell - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a filter press type electrolytic cell, and particularly to a filter press type electrolytic cell for alkaline chloride electrolysis that is easy to manufacture.

(Prior art and its problems) In order to produce a high-purity alkali hydroxide with high current efficiency, a filter press type electrolysis, which is formed by stacking a plurality of electrolysis chamber units through an ion exchange membrane, has been conventionally used. There is. The electrolysis chamber unit of this electrolyzer (Figs. 5 and 6)
The drawing shows a frame-like shape in which a rectangular tube-shaped electrolyte passage is formed in the periphery thereof, and the feeding tube B for fixing the penetrating rod B through the upper and lower surfaces of the rectangular tube passage A at the lower part thereof. A through hole C having the same diameter as that of the rectangular tubular passage A between adjacent power feed rods B is formed.
A plurality of electrolytic solution supply holes D and D'are linearly formed on the upper surface of the. Therefore, when manufacturing the rectangular tubular passage A, a large-diameter through hole C having the same diameter as that of the power feeding rod B and small-diameter supply holes D and D'must be formed, which is troublesome in manufacturing. There are drawbacks. Further, as shown in the figure, the current distribution member E connected to the power feeding rod B functions so that the inside of the electrolytic solution serves as a downcomer (downward flow path) of the electrolytic solution. Therefore, the electrolytic solution supplied from one of the supply holes D and D ', which is located below the current distribution member E, collides with the electrolytic solution descending in the current distribution member E to disturb the liquid flow. There is a drawback that it causes.

(Object of the Invention) The present invention does not form holes of different diameters in the cylindrical electrolytic solution supply path of the lower portion of the electrolytic chamber unit, and forms only holes of the same predetermined diameter, That is, the electrolytic solution is supplied from the hollow electrolytic solution supply passage into the electrolytic chamber, and in a preferred embodiment, the supplied electrolytic solution forms a smooth circulating flow in the electrolytic chamber so as not to disturb the liquid flow. It is intended to provide a press type electrolytic cell.

(Means for Solving Problems) The present invention is a filter in which an electrolysis chamber is configured by a frame-shaped electrode frame body having electrode plates on both sides, and a plurality of electrolysis chambers are laminated via an ion exchange membrane. In the press type electrolytic cell, (a) at least one tubular current distribution member in which an electrolytic solution circulation flow is formed inside and outside the tubular portion, which is a downward flow inside the tubular portion and an upflow outside the tubular portion, The plate surface and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion are joined at two joints to form an enclosed electrolysis region surrounded by the electrode plate surface and the outer peripheral surface of the tubular portion between the joints, and are disposed in the electrolytic chamber. (B) The lower electrode frame body is formed of a hollow body to form an electrolytic solution supply path, and a through hole having a diameter larger than that of the current-carrying rod is formed in the side surface of the electrolytic chamber of the lower electrode frame body. ) The current-carrying rod is inserted into the through hole with a gap, is fixed to the lower electrode frame body, and is joined to each electrode plate surface. The intermediate portion of the inner circumferential surface of the tubular portion between the joined portions of the current distributing member is joined to the circumferential surface of the current-carrying rod so that the inner portion of the tubular portion of the current distributing member is 2
A partition is provided, and a plug is mounted in the gap to form an electrolyte flow passage so as to have a space portion below each energization rod joining peripheral surface portion joined to the cylindrical inner peripheral surface intermediate portion. It is a filter press type electrolytic cell that inserts and fixes a current-carrying rod through the through hole formed on the side surface of the electrode chamber of the lower electrode frame to supply the electrolytic solution from the electrolytic solution supply path to the inside of the electrolytic chamber. The greatest feature is that it is also used as a through hole for distribution.

In the present invention, the upper and lower surfaces of the cylindrical electrolytic solution supply passage that constitutes the peripheral portion of the electrolytic chamber unit, and the lower portion of the tubular electrolytic solution supply passage that is the lower part of the frame-shaped frame body that is formed of a hollow body that can form the supply and discharge passages of the electrolytic solution, That is, only the through holes for inserting and fixing the current-carrying rods are formed on the side surface and the lower surface of the electrolytic chamber, and the through hole on the side surface of the electrolytic chamber supplies the electrolytic solution in the electrolytic solution supply passage to the inside of the electrolytic chamber. It is also used for this purpose, and a hole for distribution is not provided alone.

The current-carrying rod is connected to the electrode plate via the current distribution member except for the lower part, and the lower end part is fitted and fixed in the lower surface through hole provided in the lower surface of the cylindrical electrolytic solution supply part, and the side surface of the electrolysis chamber is also fixed. The large-diameter large-diameter through-hole is inserted with a gap at a predetermined position on the peripheral surface thereof. For example, one or more plugs may be attached to the large-diameter through hole, and the current-carrying rod may be fixed to the large-diameter through hole via the plug. In this case, the plug shall be in close contact with both the large-diameter through-hole and the current-carrying rod so that the current-carrying rod can be firmly fixed to the frame-like frame, and the entire space between the periphery of the large-diameter through-hole and the current-carrying rod should be secured. A vertical electrolytic solution flow passage for supplying the electrolytic solution in the cylindrical electrolytic solution supply path to the electrolytic chamber is partially formed without blocking. One or two or more plugs can be used per large-diameter through-hole, but two plugs with a cross section of a semicircular donut shape are arranged around the current-carrying rod so that their ends are separated from each other. It is preferable to form two flow passages. Further, the position around the current-carrying rod that forms the flow passage is not limited, but, as will be described in detail later, it should be almost directly below the current-carrying rod-joining peripheral surface portion where the current-carrying rod and the current distribution member are joined. Is preferable for achieving smooth circulation of the electrolytic solution.

The filter press type electrolytic cell of the present invention has only a through hole for inserting a current-carrying rod through the side surface of the hollow lower electrode frame body in the electrolytic chamber when the flow path of the electrolytic solution to the electrolytic chamber is produced. It suffices, and it is not necessary to form a through hole for circulating the electrolytic solution, so that the manufacturing process is simplified and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present examples are not intended to limit the present invention. For example, a single-electrode type electrolytic cell will be described in the following examples. It can also be applied to an electrolytic cell.

(Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of an electrolysis chamber unit of a filter press type electrolyzer according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. Fig. 3 shows III-III of Fig. 2.
4 is a vertical sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.

The frame-shaped frame body 1 constituting the outer edge portion of the electrolysis chamber unit is a rectangular tubular lateral upper electrolytic solution passage 2, a lateral electrolytic solution supply passage 3 which is a lower electrolytic solution passage, and the upper electrolytic solution. Electrolysis of the frame body 1 is made up of a vertical left electrolyte solution passage 4 connecting both left ends of the passage 2 and the electrolyte supply passage 3 and a vertical right electrolyte solution passage 5 also connecting right ends thereof. An electrolyte inlet port 6 is provided at the connection between the liquid supply passage 3 and the right electrolyte passage 5, and an electrolyte outlet is provided at the connection between the upper electrolyte passage 2 and the left electrolyte passage 4. 7 are provided so that the electrolytic solution supplied from the inlet 6 is electrolyzed in the electrolytic chamber and then taken out from the outlet 7.

Four outer surface through holes 8 having an outer diameter equal to the outer diameter of a current-carrying rod which will be described later are formed on the lower surface of the electrolytic solution supply path 3 at substantially equal intervals, and the electrolytic solution supply path immediately above the outer surface through hole 8 is formed. A large-diameter through hole 9 having a diameter larger than that of the current-carrying rod having a diameter larger than that of the outer surface through-hole 8, for example, a large-diameter through-hole 9 having a diameter corresponding to the thickness of two plugs described later is also formed on the upper surface of 3, i. 4 holes are drilled.

A lower end portion of a current-carrying rod 10 made of a conductive metal round bar is fitted into each outer surface through-hole 8, and the current-carrying rod 10 passes through the large-diameter through-hole 9 and is formed in the frame-shaped frame body 1 in an electrolysis chamber. It extends into 11.
In the space between the periphery of the large-diameter through hole 9 and the current-carrying rod 10, two plugs 12 each having a semicircular donut-shaped cross section face each other, and a space is formed between both ends. Two plugs that are fitted together to supply the electrolytic solution in the electrolytic solution supply path 3 into the electrolytic chamber 11 between the ends of both plugs 12 and between the current-carrying rod 10 and the peripheral edge of the large-diameter through hole 9. Vertical electrolyte flow passage
13 are formed. In the present embodiment, the electrolyte flow passage is positioned substantially below the energization rod joining peripheral surface portion where the energization rod 10 and a current distribution member described later are joined.

Four cylindrical current distribution members made of metal plates or the like, which are formed by forming straight portions on the front surface and the rear surface of each current-carrying rod 10, then bent outward with respect to the current-carrying rod and then bent inwardly. The respective linear portions of 14 are joined and connected by welding or the like, and an electrolytic solution descending flow path is formed inside the tubular portion 17 of the tubular current distribution member 14. That is, in FIG. 2, in the tubular current distribution member 14, each electrode plate 16 surface and its cylindrical outer peripheral surface are joined at two joints, and the electrode plate 16 surface and the cylindrical outer peripheral surface between each joint are formed. Surrounding electrolysis zones 18, 18 are formed and are arranged in the electrolysis chamber 11. In addition, the current distribution member 14 joined to the surface of each electrode plate 16
The intermediate portion of the inner peripheral surface of the tubular portion between the joint portions 19 and 19 ′ or between the joint portions 20 and 20 ′ of the electric conduction rod 10 and the peripheral surface of the electric conduction rod 10
In the cylindrical portion 17 of the current distribution member 14 joined by 1 and 22, 17a and 17
It is divided into b and 2. The upper end of the current distribution member 14 is connected to the upper electrolyte passage 2 by a fixing means such as two auxiliary rods 15 so that the current distribution member 14 has a circulation space for the electrolyte between the upper and lower electrode frames. And is held in the electrolysis chamber 11. As described above, the current distribution plate member 14 is internally joined to the current-carrying rod 10 by welding or the like, and externally joined to the electrode plate 16 by welding or the like to be fixedly held in a predetermined manner. As in the example, the fixing means may not be used to connect to the upper electrolyte passage 2. An electrode plate 16 such as a metal mesh is joined and connected to the bent portion of the current distribution member 14 by welding or the like,
The electrode plate 16 and the current-carrying rod 10 are connected via the current distribution member 14 so that the current is evenly distributed to the electrode plate 16. Also, the electrode plate 16
This covers the opening (not shown) of the upper electrolyte passage 2 of the frame-shaped electrode frame 1.

When an electrolytic solution such as a saturated sodium chloride aqueous solution or a diluted sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is supplied to the electrolytic chamber unit through the inlet 6, the electrolytic solution passes through the electrolytic solution supply passage 3 and is indicated by the arrows in FIGS. 1 and 3. Through the electrolyte flow passage 13 between the two plugs 12 fitted in the large diameter through hole 9
Supplied within 11. Although the electrolytic solution circulates in the electrolytic chamber 11 as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 1, in the present embodiment, the electrolytic solution is both electrode plates 16 that are the joints between the current distribution member 14 and the current-carrying rod 10.
Corresponding to the lower position of the energization rod joining peripheral surface portions 21 and 22 of
Almost right underneath, that is, is supplied to the surrounding electrolytic region 18 and is supplied to almost the boundary surface between the descending flow path and the ascending flow path of the electrolytic solution in the surrounding electrolytic region 18, so that the supplied electrolytic solution descends. It is guided toward the ascending flow path side and smoothly guided into the circulation path. Therefore, unlike the conventional method, the descending electrolytic solution and the supplied electrolytic solution do not collide with each other, the liquid flow is disturbed,
No bubbles grow. In the present invention,
The electrolytic solution can be kept smooth in circulation to make the electrolytic solution in the electrolytic chamber uniform to improve the electrolytic efficiency, and at the same time, the manufacturing process is simplified by using the through hole for the current-carrying rod as the electrolytic solution flow passage. Since the manufacturing cost is reduced, it has an advantage in industrial production.

The electrolytic solution supplied to the electrolytic chamber 11 rises together with the circulating electrolytic solution in the surrounding electrolytic region 18 in the electrolytic chamber 11 and reaches the upper part of the electrolytic chamber 11, and then inside the tubular portion 17a and 17b of the tubular current distribution member 14. To continue circulation in the electrolytic chamber 11 or move into the upper electrolytic solution passage 2 through an opening (not shown) formed in the lower surface of the upper electrolytic solution passage 2 and partly The electrolytic solution flow passage 13 is circulated through the electrolytic solution passages 4 and 5 and returned to the electrolytic solution supply passage 3 and is again supplied with the electrolytic solution supplied from the inlet 6.
Is supplied into the electrolytic chamber 11. Part of the electrolytic solution that has moved from the electrolytic chamber 11 into the upper electrolytic solution passage 2 is taken out of the electrolytic cell through the outlet 7.

(Effect of the Invention) The present invention provides a tubular hollow electrolytic solution supply path under a frame-shaped frame body of an electrolytic chamber unit of a filter press type electrolytic cell,
Since a through hole that has both the function of inserting and fixing the current-carrying rod and the function of supplying the electrolytic solution is drilled, unlike the conventional filter press type electrolytic cell, a hole that functions only for supplying the electrolytic solution is provided. It can be omitted and the production of the electrolysis chamber unit is simplified. Further, in the present invention, by adopting a structure in which the electrolytic solution flow passage is located below, almost directly below, the current-carrying rod joining peripheral surface portion where the current-carrying rod and the tubular current distribution member are joined, electrolysis from the electrolytic solution flow passage is performed. The electrolyte supplied to the room is
Electrolysis can be efficiently performed without colliding with the electrolytic solution descending in the current distribution member to disturb the liquid flow or to grow bubbles.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a filter press type electrolytic cell according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is of FIG. III-III line vertical sectional view, FIG. 4 is a IV-IV line middle sectional view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional front view showing an example of an electrolytic chamber unit of a conventional filter press type electrolytic cell. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI of FIG. 1 ... Frame-shaped frame body, 2 ... Upper electrolyte passage 3 ... Electrolyte supply passage, 4 ... Left electrolyte passage 5 ... Right electrolyte passage, 6 ... Inlet 7 ... Outlet , 8 ... Outer surface through hole 9 ... Large diameter through hole, 10 ... Current-carrying rod 11 ... Electrolysis chamber, 12 ... Plug 13 ... Electrolyte flow passage 14 ... Current distribution member, 15 ... Auxiliary rod 16 ...... Electrode plate 17 ...... Cylinder part 18 ...... Enclosed electrolysis area 19, 19 ', 20, 20' ...... Joined part 21, 22 ...... Energized rod joint peripheral surface part

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A filter press type electrolytic cell in which an electrolysis chamber is composed of a frame-shaped electrode frame body having electrode plates on both sides, and a plurality of electrolysis chambers are laminated with an ion exchange membrane interposed therebetween. At least one tubular current distribution member (14), in which the electrolytic solution circulation flow is formed inside and outside the tubular portion that becomes a downward flow inside the tubular portion (17) and becomes an upward flow outside the tubular portion, is used for each electrode plate (16). ) Surface and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion are two joints (19, 19 ', 20, 2).
0 ') are joined to form an enclosed electrolysis area (18, 18') surrounded by the electrode plate (16) surface between the joints and the outer peripheral surface of the tubular portion, and disposed in the electrolysis chamber (11). (B) The lower electrode frame body is formed of a hollow body to form an electrolyte solution supply path (3), and a through hole (9) having a diameter larger than that of the current-carrying rod (10) is formed on the side surface of the electrolytic chamber of the lower electrode frame body. ) Is formed by punching, and (c) the current-carrying rod (10) is inserted into the through hole (9) with a gap and is fixed to the lower electrode frame body, and is joined to each electrode plate (16) surface. Intermediate portions of the inner peripheral surface of the tubular portion between the joint portions of the current distributing member (14) are joined to the peripheral surface of the current-carrying rod (10) so that the inner portion (17) of the current distributing member (14) is A plug (12) is installed in the gap so as to have a space below the current-carrying rod-joining peripheral surface portions (21, 22) that are divided into two and are joined to the intermediate portion of the inner peripheral surface of the tubular portion. Forming a flow passage (13) Filter press type electrolytic cell according to claim Rukoto.