JPH08173455A - Treating device for dental tissue - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a dental treating device with which an exact treatment is executable with a simple operation by bringing a grinding particle dispersion into collision against the dental caries part of the tooth, thereby grinding away this part. CONSTITUTION: The dispersion S composed of liquid, such as water, and grinding particles for grinding the teeth is stored in a grinding particle dispersion tank 2. An air feed pipe 3a from a pressure pump 3 is connected in a hermetic state to an upper cap material 2A of this grinding particle dispersion tank 2. The grinding particle dispersion tank 2 is hermetically provided with a discharge pipe 4 which penetrates the upper cap material 2A of the tank and is fixed at this lower opening end in proximity to the base of the grinding particle dispersion tank 2. The grinding particle dispersion S stored in the grinding particle dispersion tank 2 is fed outside from the discharge pipe 4 by the compressed air sent from the pressure pump 3. This grinding particle dispersion S is sent to a handpiece 1 through a flexible hose 6 connected to the front end side of the discharge pipe 4 and is projected to the dental caries part of the tooth from the injection port at the front end.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dental treatment apparatus using grinding fine particles used for grinding enamel tissue and dentin tissue of teeth and removing tooth deposits such as tartar.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in the field of dentistry,
When dental caries (cavities) occur on teeth, the tooth decay is scraped off with a grinding device such as a dental hand drill, and the depression is repaired with dental amalgam (alloy such as mercury, silver and tin). It is carried out by filling with a filling material.

Recently, in place of the dental hand drill,
Attempts have been made to remove the carious part by irradiating the teeth with a laser using a medical laser device. For example, in JP-A-5-506593, when irradiating a caries with a laser light beam generated from a pulsed laser light source, especially when the laser light source is 3
Disclosed is a dental caries removing device which emits a laser beam having a wavelength in the range of 20 to 520 nm and further uses the pulsed laser beam with an energy density of about 0.14 to about 7.0 J / cm ^{2 in} a light spot per pulse. ing.

On the other hand, "Dental Journal Volume 27 (2): P151-
P159 1988-Application of laser to tooth hard tissue ", as a new attempt by dental treatment with laser light,
It describes the results of experiments such as irradiating the enamel tissue of the tooth surface with laser light to impart acid resistance to prevent dental caries and to remove tooth deposits such as tartar.

[0005]

However, in the case of the dental drill, which is still the mainstream of dental treatment as described above, the nerves are stimulated by the vibration applied to the teeth and the patient feels pain. In addition, since the grinding efficiency is high, there is a problem in that a healthy tooth part is excessively scraped off due to a slight inconvenience such as an excessive grinding time or careless hand movement.

[0006] On the other hand, in the case of dental treatment using a laser device, there is an advantage that the patient hardly feels pain when excising enamel on the surface side and dentin on the inner side, but the heat generated is generated. Due to this, there is a problem that the dental tissue such as the cavities, nerves, and alveolar canal is destroyed, and adjacent healthy teeth are excessively removed, and it requires a considerable skill to perform accurate treatment. These problems are also factors that delay the spread of laser treatment in dental treatment.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a dental treatment device having a novel grinding mechanism which is completely different from the conventional dental treatment device and has the advantages of causing less pain to the patient and performing accurate treatment with a simple operation.

[0008]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a grinding fine particle dispersion liquid tank for storing a grinding fine particle dispersion liquid in which grinding fine particles are dispersed in a liquid, and this grinding fine particle dispersion liquid tank. A pumping means for pumping the grinding fine particle dispersion liquid inside, and a handpiece which is provided at the tip of the pumping path of the grinding particulate dispersion liquid and jets the grinding particulate dispersion liquid toward the tooth, and the tip portion of this handpiece. A suction and recovery unit that is integrally provided and that has a suction port in the vicinity of the jetting port of the grinding fine particle dispersion liquid of the handpiece and that sucks and collects the grinding fine particles or the dispersion liquid that has collided with the tooth and reflected. It is characterized in that it comprises a suction recovery means provided in communication with the suction recovery section.

In this case, the handpiece preferably has a double tube structure consisting of an inner tube and an outer tube, and jets the grinding fine particle dispersion liquid from the tip of the inner tube toward the teeth, and at the same time, the inner tube and the outer tube. The ground fine particle dispersion liquid that has collided with the teeth and reflected from the gap space between and is collected by suction. Further, it is desirable to provide a disperser for uniformly dispersing the grinding fine particles in the liquid in the grinding fine particle dispersion liquid tank. As the disperser, an ultrasonic disperser or a rotary blade disperser can be preferably used. Further, as the grinding fine particles, those having a particle diameter of 50 μm or less are preferably used.

In the handpiece, the outer tube tip is formed so as to project from the inner tube tip position, and the outer tube tip is abutted against the surface of the tooth to eject the grinding fine particles so that the outer tube Since the grinding fine particles are reliably sucked and collected in the closed space, the grinding fine particles do not diffuse to the surroundings. On the other hand, by making the shape of the injection port at the tip of the handpiece into a slit shape, the efficiency of removing caries in the interdental part and removing tartar and plaque becomes excellent.

[0011]

In the present invention, a completely new grinding mechanism, that is, a dental treatment in which a grinding particle dispersion liquid is made to collide with a carious tooth portion of a tooth to be ground and removed, in place of a conventional treatment device such as a dental drill or a laser irradiation device The device. The particle size of the grinding fine particles is preferably ultrafine particles of 50 μm or less,
Since each collision energy is small, the patient can receive treatment without feeling much pain because of less stimulation given to the dental nerve. Moreover, since the treatment can be performed while arbitrarily adjusting the treatment time (grinding particle ejection time), it is not necessary to grind a healthy tooth portion. Further, it is possible to easily and accurately perform the treatment even for the first time without requiring a particularly skilled skill as in the laser beam irradiation treatment device.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail based on embodiments.
FIG. 1 shows the outline of a dental treatment apparatus system according to the present invention. A grinding fine particle dispersion liquid tank 2 stores a dispersion liquid S of a liquid, such as water, which is harmless to the human body and grinding fine particles for grinding teeth and the like. In this grinding particle dispersion liquid tank 2, the air supply pipe 3 from the pressure pump 3 to the upper lid member 2A is provided.
a is connected in an airtight state, and the discharge pipe 4 is fixed in an airtight state by penetrating through the upper lid member 2A of the grinding particle dispersion liquid tank 2 and having the lower opening end fixed close to the bottom surface of the grinding particle dispersion liquid tank 2. The grinding fine particle dispersion liquid S stored in the grinding fine particle dispersion liquid tank 2 is supplied from the discharge pipe 4 to the outside by the compressed air sent from the pressure pump 3.

Inside the grinding fine particle dispersion liquid tank 2, there is provided a dispersing means 5 for uniformly dispersing the grinding fine particles in the liquid. As the dispersing means 5, an ultrasonic type dispersing machine can be used as well as a rotating blade type dispersing machine having a stirring blade, a high speed impeller type dispersing machine or the like.

The grinding fine particle dispersion S discharged under pressure from the discharge pipe 4 is sent to the handpiece 1 through the flexible hose 6 connected to the tip of the discharge pipe 4, and the tip of the handpiece 1 is discharged. It is projected from the ejection port to the carious part of the tooth. In this case, in order to efficiently grind the hard enamel of the teeth and the dentin of the lower layer, the discharge pressure from the handpiece 1 is 3 to 20 kgf / cm ² , preferably 5 to 10 kgf / cm ² . Is desirable. Also,
The collision speed of the grinding particles is 100 to 300 m / sec,
The range of 150 to 250 m / sec is preferable.

By the way, as the grinding fine particles which can be used, when the grinding action is mainly used, naturally occurring fine particles such as diamond, corundum, emery, garnet and silica, fused alumina, single crystal alumina, sintered alumina, Zirconia-alumina, silicon carbide, zirconia-based fine particles, boron nitride, boron carbide, artificial diamond,
Artificial particles such as artificial emery can be used. In addition, in the case of mainly cleaning the tooth surface described later and removing tartar and plaque, clay, diatomaceous earth, pumice,
Natural fine particles such as tripoli and dolomite, fine alumina,
Artificial fine particles such as iron oxide, chromium oxide, and cerium oxide can be used. The particle size is 50 μm.
Hereafter, it is desirable that the thickness is 30 μm or less.

On the other hand, as a medium liquid for dispersing the grinding fine particles, it is usually desirable to use fresh water, and an antibacterial agent may be added to cleanse and sanitize the oral cavity.
In this case, for example, when the air is fed together with the compressed air, the compressed air ejected from the handpiece enters the respiratory organs. Therefore, as shown in the figure, the grinding fine particle dispersion S should be fed alone. Good to do.

The grinding fine particles or the dispersion liquid, which has collided with the caries of tooth and grinds the surface texture, is then the annular suction port at the tip of the handpiece 1 which is composed of an inner tube and an outer tube which will be described later. It is further sucked, and is collected by the suction pump 14 which passes through the collection hose 10 and relays the vacuum tank 11. A filter 13 is provided in the middle of the pipe 12 that connects the vacuum tank 11 and the suction pump 14 so as to prevent grinding particles from being sucked toward the suction pump. The fine particles are returned to the grinding fine particle dispersion tank 2 again as shown by the broken line.

The handpiece 1 is described in detail below.
For example, the device shown in FIGS. 2-7 can be used. Describing in order, first, the handpiece 1A shown in FIG. 2 is an example of a device suitable for grinding the surface side of a tooth. The handpiece 1A is composed of an inner tube 30 and an outer tube 31, and has an external shape of a pen shape so that it can be operated with the same feeling as a conventional dental drill. A flexible hose 6 for supplying fine grinding particles is connected to the inner pipe 30, and the fine grinding particle dispersion S is sprayed toward the tooth decay portion M of the tooth 50 through the inner pipe 30. Further, an annular space 32 is formed between the inner tube 30 and the inner tube 30 by an outer tube 31 concentrically arranged outside the inner tube 30, and the grinding is performed from a tip opening (suction port) of the annular space 32. The fine particle dispersion liquid S, particularly, the grinding fine particles are sucked and collected. The sucked grinding particle dispersion liquid S is sucked to the vacuum tank 11 side through the recovery hose 10 connected to the discharge port 31a communicating with the annular space 32.

Next, in the second handpiece 1B shown in FIG. 3, the inner tube 33 and the outer tube 34 are assembled with the tip of the outer tube 34 protruding from the tip position of the inner tube 33, and the tooth 50 When grinding the tooth decay part M of the
This is an example in which the tip end of No. 4 is brought into contact with the surface of the tooth 50 to form a space closed from the outside, so that all the bounced grinding fine particles are collected from the annular space 35.

Further, the third handpiece 1C shown in FIG. 4 is an example in which the distal end portion is bent to facilitate the grinding of the back side of a molar or tooth. The tip of the inner tube 37 is 1/4
The outer tube 38, which is bent in an arc shape, is also formed to be bent in a 1/4 arc shape in the same manner as the outer tube 38 located outside thereof, so that the radial direction of the grinding particle dispersion liquid S can be easily changed to the upper surface of the tooth. It is designed to be turned to the back. Reference numeral 39 is a rubber-like member wound around the grip so that the operator can easily grip it and prevent slippage.

On the other hand, the dental treatment apparatus according to the present invention can be used not only for dental caries treatment, but also for treatments such as removal of tartar adhering to the surface of the tooth and the vicinity of the root of the crown, and further the treatment of beautifying the tooth surface. It can be used preferably. According to the above-mentioned "Dental Journal Volume 27 (2): P151-P159 1988-Application of laser to dental hard tissue", whether laser irradiation can remove dental deposits such as tartar and plaque and coloring of teeth. However, in reality, considering the effect on healthy teeth, it is difficult to determine the type of laser light to be irradiated and the range of energy density. is there. However, according to the apparatus of the present invention, by selecting grinding fine particles, that is, by selecting and using spherical grinding fine particles having low grinding performance, it is possible to remove only the deposits on the tooth surface without damaging healthy teeth.

On the other hand, as the tip opening shape of the handpieces 1, ..., Various shapes can be used. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, for the purpose of locally removing the caries part, the inner tube 30, ... Or the outer tube 3
It is desirable to make 1 ... into a circular shape, but in the case of removing tartar and plaque, etc., in order to efficiently project them on the interdental part and the crown surface part, as shown in FIG. It can also be formed in a slit shape. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, an elliptical outer tube 41 may be provided to the circular inner tube 40. Further, as described above, it is not an essential requirement to form the inner tube and the outer tube in a double tube shape. For example, as shown in FIG.
2 and the recovery suction port 43 may be provided adjacent to each other.

[0023]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, there are few advantages such as less pain to a patient, accurate removal of caries part by simple operation, and easy removal of tartar and plaque. It is possible to obtain a dental treatment device that has.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall system diagram of a dental treatment apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a detailed vertical sectional view of the handpiece.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of another handpiece.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of another handpiece.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing an example of a tip opening shape of a handpiece.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing an example of a tip opening shape of another handpiece.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing an example of a tip opening shape of another hand piece.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing an example of a tip opening shape of another handpiece.

[Explanation of symbols]

1. 1A to 1C ... Handpiece, 2 ... Grinding fine particle dispersion tank, 3 ... Pressure pump, 4 ... Discharge pipe, 5 ... Dispersing means, 6 ...
Flexible hose, 11 ... Vacuum tank, 13 ... Filter, 14 ... Suction pump, 30, 33, 37 ... Inner tube, 3
1.34, 38 ... Outer tube, M ... Caries, S ... Grinding fine particle dispersion

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A grinding fine particle dispersion liquid tank for storing a grinding fine particle dispersion liquid in which grinding fine particles are dispersed in a liquid, a pressure feeding means for feeding the grinding fine particle dispersion liquid in the grinding fine particle dispersion liquid tank, and the grinding fine particles. A handpiece that is provided at the tip of the pressure-feeding path of the dispersion, sprays the grinding particle dispersion toward the teeth, and is integrally provided at the tip of the handpiece, and the grinding particle dispersion of the handpiece A suction / collection unit having a suction port in the vicinity of the ejection port and configured to suction and collect the grinding fine particles or the dispersion liquid that has collided with the tooth and reflected, and a suction / collection unit provided in communication with the suction / collection unit. A dental tissue treatment device characterized by the above. 2. The handpiece has a double-tube structure consisting of an inner tube and an outer tube, and sprays the grinding fine particle dispersion liquid toward the teeth from the tip of the inner tube, and the gap between the inner tube and the outer tube. 2. The dental tissue treating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the grinding fine particle dispersion liquid which has collided with the teeth and reflected from the space is sucked and collected. 3. The dental tissue treating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a disperser for uniformly dispersing the grinding fine particles in the liquid is provided in the grinding fine particle dispersion liquid tank. 4. The dental tissue treatment apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the disperser is an ultrasonic disperser or a rotary blade disperser. 5. The dental tissue treatment device according to claim 2, wherein the handpiece is formed by projecting the outer tube tip from the inner tube tip position. 6. The dental tissue treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ejection port at the tip of the handpiece has a slit shape. 7. The dental tissue treating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the grinding fine particles have a particle diameter of 50 μm or less.