JPH08165982A - Device to concetrate and utilize energy of fluid having flow velocity - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To utilize energy of fluid with high efficiency through concentration of lean flow velocity energy by a method wherein a high pressure chamber is arranged at an outer box of which a diffuser consists to blow in a boundary layer and a low pressure chamber is arranged to suck out a boundary layer. CONSTITUTION: A diffuser 3 is arranged in the rear of a turbine 1 in an outer box 2. By utilizing suction force generated by decelerating flow velocity to a value at a part C and at a delivery port of a part D, the flow velocity at a suction port 4 of a part A is boosted by a part B and a turbine 1 is driven by current energy. A high pressure chamber 6 having an opening 5 is arranged at a the part A at the front of the outer box 2. By utilizing a high pressure by a stagnation effect in front of the outer box 2, a high velocity flow is blown off through a blowoff port 7 to a boundary layer growing on the surface of a diffuser 3 by means of a friction loss and a diffuser effect is improved. A low pressure chamber 9 having an opening 8 at a shoulder part near a position closer to the outside of the part A of the outer box 2.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention has an outer box having a diffuser with improved efficiency inside, which has no or almost no head like wind and large rivers and tidal currents, but has fluid energy in the form of flow velocity. By using the pressure difference generated before and after the outer box by concentrating with using, the expensive rotating part is miniaturized and recovered without using an expensive dam, and it is used with higher economic efficiency. Regarding the device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A diffuser is used in most fluid machines to effectively use the energy of flow velocity as pressure energy. The principle is that the flow velocity is reduced and the fluid is recovered in the form of pressure. Section to high pressure section. Therefore, in the boundary layer on the wall surface that causes friction loss, the flow velocity is lost faster than the main flow, and thus separation easily occurs,
If peeling occurs, a large loss is involved. Therefore, the flow velocity of the fluid with no head difference is consciously greatly increased and used as a power source, and then the suction force of the diffuser is used to concentrate and use the energy of the fluid having the flow velocity. There is no example. Therefore, like a river with almost no wind, tidal current, or head difference, the energy of the fluid that has a head velocity but has a flow velocity is inexhaustibly exhausted despite the fact that it has no pollution, In the conventional device, an expensive dam is required, or the expensive turbine is not only large in size, but also the output of a single machine cannot be increased, so that the construction cost is high and the depreciation cost and the operating cost are included. However, since the economy is inferior to the conventional thermal, nuclear or hydraulic energy generators, it is not widely used to replace these models.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to put the following principle into practical use by utilizing an outer box having a diffuser inside with improved efficiency. That is, if the flow velocity can be accelerated without loss, the energy per unit flow rate is 2
The flow rate per unit area increases in proportion to the speed ratio. Moreover, if the flow rate coefficient (axial flow velocity / turbine peripheral velocity) is the same to ensure turbine efficiency, the turbine diameter is proportional to the speed ratio when the number of revolutions is the same for the convenience of the energy recovery device. Since it can be made large, the fluid passage area can be increased in proportion to the square of the velocity ratio. In summary, the output per unit can be increased in proportion to the fifth power of the speed ratio. For example, if the speed ratio is 3, the output per unit can be increased by 243 times. That is, since an expensive dam is not required and the output per unit can be increased, the price per unit output and the operating cost can be reduced. The principle of improving the efficiency of this diffuser is to utilize the high-pressure and low-pressure energy that is automatically generated inside the device to realize a high-efficiency diffuser without the need to add energy from the outside of the device. It is the one that realizes the concentration of the energy of the fluid that has the property of “A” and enhances the utilization efficiency. By providing the outer box, the positive pressure generated in front of the outer box and the negative pressure generated in the rear also have an effect of helping to concentrate energy.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, means used in the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 1 which is a side view of the device, the axial flow velocity in each cross section is V _O when the upstream (when the device is not installed)
The outer box inlet (inlet entrance) A cross-section _{V A,} the turbine inlet B cross section and the outlet C section _{V B = V C = V T} , the outer box outlet (diffuser outlet) D section and _{V D,} also the cross-section Regarding the mainstream static head (energy of flow rate per unit weight) in the upstream (when the device is not installed) as a reference, section _A produces H _{A due} to the stagnant effect, and section B continues to H _{Since the B} and C cross sections do work W with efficiency η _t in the turbine, H _C is W _th
= W / η _t only be lower than the _{H B.} D cross section earlier than the flow velocity V _O of the position where the flow velocity near the outer box outside away from the outer box H _D
Just lower. There is no noticeable loss because the speed is increased from the section A to the section B and the distance is short. When the above is summarized and shown by a formula, the following formula is obtained. ^{_{V A 2 / 2g + H A}} = V T 2 / 2g + H B = V T 2 / 2g + H C + W th = V D 2 / 2g + W th -H D + h loss - (1) i.e. ^{_{W th = (V A 2 -V}} D 2 ) / 2g + H _A + H _D −h _loss −−−−−−− (2) However, h _loss is a loss generated in the diffuser and is expressed by the following equation. _{h loss = ξ (V T -V} D) 2 / 2g - (3) where xi] is there be small unless cause separation of the boundary layer at the diffuser coefficient, but the suction unit flow rate of the turbine section axial velocity _{V T} If it is made larger than V _A , h _loss becomes large because it is proportional to the square of V _T , and if V _T / V _A is increased beyond a certain level, a large work amount W _th cannot be obtained. Further, if the spread angle θ is also made small to prevent peeling, the distance between the cross section C and the cross section D corresponding to the diffuser length becomes long, the outer case becomes large, the construction cost increases, and the economical efficiency is lost. H when there is no peeling in place
The cause of the _loss is wall friction, but as shown by the fact that the wall friction is smaller than the value of a straight pipe having the same Reynolds number, the diffuser originally has a small loss unless boundary layer separation occurs.

In the present invention, since the diffuser is placed behind the turbine, the outer box is provided. Therefore, the high pressure generated by the stagnant effect is utilized in front of the outer box, and the high pressure chamber is provided in the negative pressure portion on the inner surface of the diffuser. A high-speed jet can be blown into the boundary layer without supplying energy from the outside, and sufficient energy can be supplied.

Further, in order to utilize the low pressure generated in the acceleration region of the shoulder portion in front of the outer box, if a low pressure chamber having an opening is provided here,
The boundary layer that has lost the energy inside the diffuser is sucked out without replenishing the energy from the outside, and the friction loss h
_Loss can be lost. Further, if a guide having a diffuser effect is provided outside the opening of the low pressure chamber, the flow velocity in this portion can be further increased, so that the low pressure is further increased and the effect of absorbing the boundary layer is further increased. According to the model test results, when both the above-mentioned boundary layer blowing and the boundary layer sucking out are performed at the same time, the effect becomes larger than the arithmetic addition, and even if each amount is small, h
_Loss can be set to 0, the spread angle θ can be greatly increased, and the length of the outer box can be shortened.
Construction costs can be reduced.

[0007]

If a high pressure chamber is provided in the outer box forming the diffuser to blow the boundary layer as described above, and at the same time a low pressure chamber is provided to suck the boundary layer, the diffuser loss can be easily reduced to zero. Without increasing the divergence angle, it is possible to condense the energy of a dilute fluid that has only a flow velocity to enable a large-capacity plant, and at the same time shorten the outer box, both of which combine the unit price per output. Can be lowered.

[0008]

EXAMPLES Examples will be described with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 1, a diffuser 3 is provided in the rear of the turbine 1 inside an outer box 2 having a turbine 1 therein, and the flow velocity V _C at the _C section is reduced to the flow velocity V _{D at} the discharge port on the D section. Using the suction force generated, the flow velocity V _A of the suction port 4 on the A section is increased to the flow velocity V _{B of the} B section and is guided to the turbine 1 for use. This allows the energy of the fluid having the flow velocity to be concentrated and used.

Further, a high-pressure chamber 6 having an opening 5 is provided in the A section of the front surface of the outer box 2, and the high pressure generated by the stagnation effect in front of the outer box 2 is used to cause friction loss on the surface of the diffuser 3. High-speed flow outlet 7 for the growing boundary layer
By blowing the energy from the outside and supplying the energy, the friction loss is covered without supplying the energy from the outside, and the diffuser effect is enhanced. This enhances the effect of concentrating the energy of the fluid having the flow velocity. Although the drawing shows an example in which the blowing is attached at three places, it is more effective to divide a small amount and blow a large number.

Further, a low pressure chamber 9 having an opening 8 is provided in a shoulder portion near the outer side of the A section of the outer box 2, and the low pressure generated by the increase of the flow velocity in the shoulder portion is utilized to cause friction loss on the surface of the diffuser 3. By sucking the boundary layer that grows by the suction port 10, the friction loss is removed without supplying energy from the outside, and the diffuser effect is enhanced. This enhances the effect of concentrating the energy of the fluid having the flow velocity.
Although the drawing shows an example in which the suction port 10 is attached to one place, it is more effective to divide it into a small amount and suck a large number, and if the above-mentioned blow port 7 and the suction port 10 are alternately installed, the same energy amount can be obtained. Further increase the effect.

Further, a guide 11 having a diffuser effect is provided outside the opening 8 for the low pressure chamber so that the pressure in the low pressure chamber 9 is further reduced by increasing the flow velocity outside the opening 8. It is possible to increase the suction effect of the boundary layer.

An embodiment of the outlet 7 utilizing the high pressure of the high pressure chamber 6 is shown in FIG. 2, and an embodiment of the outlet 10 utilizing the low pressure of the low pressure chamber 9 is shown in FIG. All of them had a simple structure and exhibited sufficient effects in the examples.

[0013]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. First, regarding the diffuser, if the diffuser does not cause separation of the boundary layer, the loss is only friction loss and the value is small. Boundary layer delamination occurs when the friction loss reaches a certain level. Therefore, if a small amount of energy covering the loss can be supplied to the boundary layer before the friction loss reaches a certain amount, a diffuser without loss can be realized, but the amount of energy is sufficiently small. Therefore, it is possible to easily replenish the energy for covering the diffuser loss by utilizing the high pressure generated in the front of the outer box due to the stagnant effect and the low pressure similarly generated in the acceleration region of the front shoulder of the outer box.

If a diffuser with no loss can be produced, the suction effect can significantly increase the upstream flow velocity and apply it to the turbine to concentrate and use the energy of the fluid having the flow velocity.

At the same time, by means of eliminating the loss of the diffuser, the spread angle θ of the diffuser can be increased, and the largest dimension of the outer box can be greatly shortened. As a result, the outer box volume can be reduced and the construction cost can be reduced.

[0016] The outer box further generates a positive pressure in front of it due to the stagnant effect, that is, H _A shown in the equation (2), and the flow velocity on the side surface in contact with the outer box at the diffuser outlet is
Negative pressure for staying therefrom is earlier than the flow rate of the away radially, resulting namely the ₍₂₎ -H D) shown in the expression, the both have the effect of helping the concentration of energy increases together turbine output .

The blower mechanism in the boundary layer of the diffuser and the suction mechanism of the boundary layer are simple ones as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. It is not something to enhance.

In summary of the above, by using an outer box having a simple structure, it is possible to concentrate and use the energy of a dilute flow velocity. This makes it possible to reduce the unit price per unit output due to the effect of increasing the capacity, as is said for general prime movers.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall sectional view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an outlet for a high-speed flow through a wall boundary layer of a diffuser by utilizing the high pressure of a high pressure chamber.

FIG. 3 is a suction port of a wall boundary layer of a diffuser utilizing low pressure of a low pressure chamber.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Turbine, 2 ... Outer box, 3 ... Diffuser, 4 ... Suction port, 5 ... High pressure chamber opening, 6 ... High pressure chamber, 7 ... High speed flow outlet, 8 ... Low pressure chamber opening, 9 ... Low pressure chamber, 10 ...
Boundary layer suction port, 11 ... Diffuser effect guide, 12 ... Power absorption device, 13 ... High pressure chamber communication hole, 14 ...
High-speed flow outlet cover, A to D show respective cross sections on the flow path. A ... Outer box inlet cross section, B ... Turbine inlet cross section, C ... Turbine outlet, diffuser inlet cross section, D ... Outer box outlet, diffuser exit cross section, V indicates the flow velocity of each part. V _O ... V _{A to} V _{D at} positions not affected by this device are A
The flow velocities of the sections D to D are shown.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An outer box (2) having a turbine (1) inside.
Is provided, and the positive pressure generated in the front thereof and the negative pressure generated in the rear thereof are used, and the diffuser (3) is provided inside the turbine at the rear of the turbine. A device for concentrating and utilizing the energy of the flow velocity, which is characterized in that the suction port (4) having a ratio is effectively worked to significantly increase the flow velocity in the turbine section to concentrate the energy. 2. A high pressure chamber (6) having an opening (5) is provided in front of the outer box (2), and the high pressure generated here is used to flow at a higher speed than an outlet (7) provided in a diffuser (3). An apparatus for concentrating and utilizing the energy of a fluid having a flow velocity, according to claim 1, which blows out the air. 3. A low pressure chamber (9) having an opening (8) is provided at the front shoulder of the outer box (2), and the low pressure generated here is used to draw out from a suction port (10) provided in the diffuser (3). According to claim 1, wherein the boundary layer of the wall surface is sucked out,
A device that concentrates and uses the energy of a fluid that has a flow velocity. 4. A patent for further reducing the pressure in the low pressure chamber (9) by attaching a guide (11) having a diffuser effect to the rear of the outer box (2) outside the front shoulder opening (8). The device for concentrating and utilizing the energy of a fluid having a flow velocity according to claim 1.