JPH0780410A - Selective recovery device for waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a waste selective recovery device with a trommel screen with a capability to realize the subdivision of a classification of a mixed waste without increasing the size of a device. CONSTITUTION:A sacked waste thrown into a selective recovery device passes through sack breakers 15, 16 and are supplied to a trommel screen after being selected by blown air. The trommel screen is composed of four rotary sieves 41, 42, 43, 44 arranged side by side, and classifies the waste by passing the mixed waste through these sieves. The last-stage rotary sieve 44 has a polygonal hollow cross-section, at each corner of which, slits 441, 442 are formed. These slits are suited for separating the waste into newspapers and manazines. It is possible to subdivide the classification of the mixed waste without increasing the size of the device by arranging the rotary sieves side by side, in a multistage configuration.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

The present invention relates to a station platform,
The present invention relates to a waste sorting device for sorting and collecting wastes collected from various amusement facilities and the like, in which empty cans, newspapers, and the like are mixed, and sorted by material for recycling.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art From the viewpoint of resource protection and the like, it has become necessary to sort and recover renewable substances from waste and reuse them. However, the waste is generally collected from the platform of the station, various play facilities, etc. in a state where various kinds of waste are mixed. Therefore, it is necessary to efficiently sort and collect reusable paper such as aluminum and iron empty cans, newspapers and magazines among these.

In view of this point, the present applicant previously proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 5-36096 a device for efficiently selecting and recovering empty cans from such mixed waste. ing. In this sorting and collecting device, the wastes are sorted by wind to sort the wastes mainly containing aluminum and iron empty cans, and the wastes are passed through a trommel screen to sort only the empty cans. The feature is that it is collected.

[0004]

The empty cans contained in the waste include small size ones, medium size ones, and large size ones. Therefore, in order to efficiently sort and collect empty cans of various sizes as described above, it is necessary to add sieve meshes corresponding to these sizes to the cylindrical rotary sieve constituting the trommel screen. In this case, it is necessary to form the sieve meshes in order from the smallest mesh size to the largest mesh size from the inlet side to the outlet side of the rotary sieve.

Similarly, in the waste, in addition to empty cans, empty bottles of various sizes, newspapers, magazines, empty can tabs and bottle lids are mixed. In order to sort these using a trommel screen, it is necessary to form sieve meshes having sizes corresponding to wastes of various sizes.

[0006] Therefore, when trying to subdivide the separated collection of mixed waste, the number of sieve meshes becomes very large, and accordingly, the trommel screen becomes longer in the axial direction, and the length of the sorting and collecting apparatus becomes longer. Becomes large as a whole.

On the other hand, among the wastes, there are empty bottles and papers as well as empty cans as those to be sorted and collected for reuse. Especially when sorting and collecting paper,
If newspapers and magazines can be separated and collected, the use of recycled paper will be widened, which is desirable.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to propose a waste sorting / collecting apparatus using a trommel screen capable of subdividing waste sorting without increasing the size of the apparatus.

Another object of the present invention is to propose a waste sorting / collecting device using a trommel screen capable of efficiently sorting and collecting newspapers and magazines.

[0010]

In order to solve the above problems, the waste sorting and collecting apparatus of the present invention is a trommel
A plurality of stages that configures the trommel screen from the upstream side to the downstream side of the waste transport direction in order to sort and recover the waste by size from the waste of various sizes using a screen. The cylindrical rotary sieves are arranged in parallel and the meshes of these rotary sieves are formed so that the size increases from the upstream side to the downstream side.

As described above, in the present invention, since the rotary sieves having different sieve meshes are arranged in multiple stages, the waste can be divided into each size by passing the waste through them. it can. Further, since the rotary sieves are arranged in parallel, the length dimension of the device is not increased.

Further, in the apparatus for sorting and collecting waste edges of the present invention, the rotary sieve at the final stage of the rotary sieves of multiple stages is used for sorting magazines and newspapers.
In addition to having a polygonal hollow cross-sectional shape as a whole, a first slit extending in the axial direction is formed in at least one entry corner portion of the inner peripheral surface on the inlet side, and at least one inner peripheral surface on the outlet side is formed. A configuration in which a second slit extending in the axial direction is also formed in the corner portion is adopted. Further, a configuration is adopted in which the width of the second slit is set to be larger than the width of the first slit.

According to this structure, the newspapers and magazines passing through the rotary screen are stuck to the inner peripheral surfaces of the polygon because of the rotation of the rotary screen. Then, when the inner peripheral surface rotates upward from the lowermost position, the inner peripheral surface slides down from the inner peripheral surface by its own weight and falls from the slit formed in the corner. Here, the first slit is a narrow one through which only newspapers can pass. First, the newspapers are sorted through the first slit, and then the second slits with wide magazines are dropped. Be sorted. Unlike the case where a general cylindrical rotary sieve is used, newspapers and magazines passing through it can be reliably selected.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show the line configuration of a waste sorting / collecting apparatus to which the present invention is applied. In these figures, 1 is a hopper for inputting the collected bagging waste W. In the bagging waste W, empty cans made of aluminum and iron, papers such as magazines and newspapers, packs made of paper, glass bottles, tissue paper and the like are mixed. In some cases, newspapers and tissue papers are contained in a wet state. The bagging waste W put in the hopper 1 is supplied to the first belt conveyor 2 and is conveyed diagonally upward by this conveyor.

Below the discharge end of the first belt conveyor 2, an upper end input port 15a of the primary bag breaking machine 15 is opened. The primary bag-breaking machine 15 breaks a large bagging waste. The small bagging waste drops in the primary bag breaking machine 15 as it is. A secondary bag breaking machine 16 is arranged below the primary bag breaking machine 15. Primary bag breaking machine 15
The waste that has been broken inside and the small bagging waste that has passed through as it falls from the lower end discharge port 15b to the upper input port 16a of the secondary bag breaking machine 16. In the secondary bag breaking machine 16, small bagging waste is broken. The waste that has passed through the secondary bag-breaking machine 16 and the broken bag drop from the discharge port 16b at the lower end of the bag into the hopper 17 arranged immediately below.

As the primary bag breaking machine 15, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, a rotary shaft 153 having a cutting edge on its outer periphery and a plate 154 movably arranged by a spring 154c and having a cutting edge on its surface. It is possible to employ a configuration in which the and are opposed to each other, and the bag-discharging operation is performed by passing the bagging waste therebetween.

Further, as the secondary bag breaking machine 16, for example,
As shown in FIG. 4, belt conveyors 165 and 166 with cutting blades that are inclined so that the lower end side is closest to each other,
A structure having a rotatable shaft 167 disposed between them can be adopted.

Next, one side of the inclined bottom surface of the hopper 17 is defined by the transfer surface of the wet dust collecting device 18, and the mixed waste that has passed through the secondary bag breaking machine 16 is provided on this transfer surface. To fall. Waste that fell is wet dust recovery device 1
By 8, the wet papers are sorted and collected from them.
Wastes other than wet papers fall on the transport surface of the wet dust collecting device 18 by its own weight, and the second belt conveyor 1 is arranged diagonally upward from the lowermost end of the transport surface.
9 is supplied. The mixed waste is conveyed to the discharge end on the upper end side by the second belt conveyor 19.

The wet dust collecting device 18 is shown in FIG.
As shown in Fig. 5, it can be configured by a belt conveyor that moves diagonally upward. By attaching wet paper to the surface of this belt conveyor and conveying it upward, the wet paper from the waste Only can be separated.

Next, below the discharge end of the second belt conveyor 19, there is disposed a blower 3 which constitutes a wind power selection means for wind power selection of the mixed waste. The air outlet of the blower 3 is directed obliquely upward from below the discharge end of the belt conveyor 19. That is, it faces the center of the entrance of the trommel screen 4 described later. Therefore, the air flow blown from here flows obliquely upward as indicated by the arrow. In this example, the air volume and the air velocity of the air flow are set so that the empty cans made of aluminum or iron can be blown away almost horizontally.

Therefore, among the mixed waste discharged toward the air flow, empty cans made of aluminum or iron are blown off in the horizontal direction and supplied into the adjacent trommel screen 4. . Wastes other than empty cans are discharged as follows according to their weight, shape, discharge posture from the belt conveyor 19, and the like. First,
The heavy glass empty bottle W2 falls by its own weight without riding on the air flow. Dust W such as lightweight and large pressure receiving area such as tissue paper, newspaper, or fine dust
1 is blown up obliquely upward by riding on the air flow. Here, some wastes other than the empty cans are transported to the Trommel screen 4 side together with the empty cans due to their shapes and the like. Therefore, the waste W3 mainly containing empty cans is supplied to the trommel screen 4.

Here, the light-weight waste blown up obliquely by the air flow is conveyed to a predetermined place by the mesh conveyor 5 arranged above the entrance 41a of the trommel screen 4. An example of the structure of this mesh conveyor 5 is shown in FIG.

The trommel screen 4 of this example is a four-stage cylindrical rotary sieve 41, 42, 43, 4 arranged in parallel.
It is composed of 4. In order from the upstream side, the rotary sieve 41,
42, 43, 44 are arranged between the rotary sieves 41 and 42,
The rotary sieves 42 and 43 and the rotary sieves 43 and 44 are connected by belt conveyors 141, 151 and 161, respectively, to form a waste material conveying path from the upper stage side to the lower stage side.

In the following, for the sake of clarity, it is assumed that the mixed waste conveyed to the trommel screen 4 contains the following wastes. The following wastes are listed in order of decreasing size.

1st waste Cigarette butts, can tabs, bottle lids, etc. 2nd waste Standard size paper cups 3rd waste Small size empty cans 4th waste Standard size milk packs Class 5th waste Medium-sized empty cans 6th waste Large-sized empty cans 7th waste Large-sized milk packs 8th waste Newspaper 9th waste Weekly magazines, comics magazines Class 10th wastes Wastes larger than the above

The rotary sieves 41, 4 from the upper stage to the third stage
Reference numerals 2 and 43 are rotary sieves having a cylindrical shape, and are installed on the pedestal 6 in such a posture that the outlet side is slightly lower than the inlet side. On the outer peripheral surfaces of these rotary sieves 41, 42, 43, sieve meshes having different sizes are formed from the inlet side toward the outlet side. In the rotary sieve 41, from the inlet side thereof, a mesh-shaped mesh mesh 411 having a mesh size 411 of the smallest size through which the first waste can pass, and a mesh mesh 41 of about 30 mm square.
2 and a sieve mesh 413 through which the second waste mentioned above can pass.

Similarly, on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary sieve 42, the sieve mesh 4 through which the above-mentioned third to fifth wastes can pass, respectively.
21, 422 and 423 are formed in this order from the inlet side toward the outlet side. On the outer peripheral surface of the rotary sieve 43, sieve meshes 431, 4 through which the sixth and seventh wastes can pass.
32 is formed.

FIG. 7 shows the structure of the first-stage rotary sieve 41. As shown in this figure, on the outer periphery of the rotary sieve 41, from the inlet 41a side toward the outlet 41b side,
Mesh-shaped sieve mesh 411, approximately 30 mm square sieve mesh 41
2 and sieve meshes 413 having a shape and dimensions that allow the paper cup to pass through. Here, in the sieve mesh 413 through which the paper cup can pass, a baffle plate 47 is attached to the outer peripheral side of each sieve mesh 413a at a position slightly larger than the diameter of the paper cup. Therefore, the paper cups are sifted as they are after passing through each screen mesh 413a. However, thick magazines, bento boxes, etc., even if they pass through the sieve mesh 413a, the baffle plate 4
Passage is blocked by 7. Therefore, the sieve mesh 413a
And is conveyed toward the outlet side of the rotary sieve 41 without passing through. By arranging the baffle plate in this way, only paper cups can be reliably sorted and collected.

The rotary screens 42 and 43 have the same structure, and baffles are similarly attached to their outer circumferences.

On the other hand, the rotary sieve 44 at the final stage is a rotary sieve having a hexagonal hollow cross section as shown in FIG. The rotary sieve 44 is also supported on the pedestal 6 in a posture in which its inlet side 44a is slightly higher than its outlet side 44b. This rotary sieve 44 has six plates 443 on the front and back, respectively.
Through 448 to form a regular hexagonal hollow cross section. Both ends of each plate are bent outward at an angle of approximately 60 degrees, and adjacent bent portions 449 form slits 441 and 442 of a constant width extending in the axial direction. The slit 441 on the front side, that is, the inlet side is a first slit having a narrow width, and is in a state in which each corner portion of the hexagonal inner peripheral surface is formed. Similarly, the slit 442 on the rear side is a second slit having a wide width, and is similarly formed in each corner portion in the axial direction. The first slit 441 is for dropping thin newspapers, and the second slit 4
42 is for dropping thick magazines.

When newspapers and magazines are carried into the rotating hexagonal rotary sieve 44, these wastes are attached to the inner peripheral wall surface of the rotary sieve by the rotation of the rotary sieve, and are discharged. It is transported to the side. While transporting in this,
First, newspapers are dropped from the first slit 441 and sorted and collected, and then magazines are dropped from the second slit 442 and sorted and collected.

This sorting operation will be described with respect to the portion of the second slit 442. As shown in FIG. 9A, magazine B
A plate 44 that constitutes a rotary sieve 44 that rotates
It is assumed that the inner peripheral surface 443a of No. 3 is stuck to the inner peripheral surface 443a. The rotary sieve 44 is further rotated, and then passes through FIG. 9 (B) and then FIG. 9 (C).
In this state, the magazine B slides down on the inner peripheral surface 443a due to its own weight, and drops through the slit 442 opened at the corner on the drop side.

As described above, in the rotary sieve 44 of the final stage of this example, slits are formed at the corners, and from this, newspapers (eighth waste) and magazines (ninth waste).
I'm trying to separate them. When using a commonly used cylindrical rotary sieve, newspapers, magazines, etc. are stuck on the outer peripheral surface, or are formed in a rolled state, and thus formed on the outer peripheral surface. There is an adverse effect such as the inability to pass through the sieve mesh, so that the sorting cannot be performed reliably. However, in this example, it is possible to reliably select the papers.

Further, the waste carried into the rotary sieve at the final stage is not large in quantity because most of the waste that has already been sorted is separated. Therefore, a rotary sieve having a small size may be used. However, when a cylindrical one having a small diameter is adopted, the curvature becomes too large, and it is not possible to form an appropriate sieve mesh on the outer peripheral surface. Since a polygonal cross section is adopted in this example, there is also an advantage that a rotary screen having a small cross section can be obtained without causing such an adverse effect.

The outer circumference of each of the rotary sieves 41 to 44 described above is covered with a cylindrical cover, and a separating chute is disposed below the cover to correspond to each sieve mesh. The waste that has been sieved off passes through the separation chute and collects in each recovery section arranged below it.

As described above, in this example, the rotary sieves constituting the trommel screen 4 are arranged in parallel, and each rotary sieve is provided with sieve meshes whose size gradually increases from the upper stage side to the lower stage side. Has been formed. Therefore, various kinds of waste contained in the mixed waste can be reliably separated and collected without increasing the line length. Further, in this example, as will be described later, a rotary sieve having a polygonal hollow cross-section, a hexagonal hollow cross-section in this example, is used as the final stage rotary sieve, and the sieve mesh has an inner circumference thereof. It is in the form of slits formed at the corners of the surface. Therefore, it is possible to reliably separate newspapers and magazines, as compared with the case where a general rotary sieve is used.

The waste (10th waste) that has not been removed by the final stage rotary sieve 44 is the outlet 4 of this rotary sieve 44.
It is discharged from 4b and collected by a predetermined collecting part.

Next, referring again to FIGS. 1 and 2, below the trommel screen 4, a belt conveyor 8 is arranged in a direction substantially orthogonal to the screen. Only empty cans that have been sieved by the trommel screen 4 are supplied to the belt conveyor 8. The belt conveyor 8 conveys empty cans toward the flattener 9. The flattener 9 crushes the conveyed empty cans into a flat shape. Since this flattener 9 is a commonly used one, its description is omitted in this specification.

The empty cans crushed by the flattener 9 are separated into aluminum and iron by a sorter 11 such as a magnetic separator. A commonly used sorter can also be adopted as the sorter 11, and the description thereof will be omitted in this specification.

The empty cans made of aluminum separated by the sorter 11 are supplied to the can condenser 12, and the empty cans made of iron are supplied to the can condenser 13. These can densers press-mold empty cans into blocks having a predetermined shape and size. Usually, it is pressed into a rectangular parallelepiped block. Such a can capacitor also employs a commonly used one, and therefore its description is omitted in this specification.

Through the above steps, the bagging waste is sorted and collected. In the above description, the types of wastes in the mixed state are assumed as described above, but this is for convenience of description, and therefore, depending on the contents of the actual mixed wastes, The shape and size of the sieve mesh formed on the rotary sieve are properties that should be appropriately changed.

Another example of line configuration In the above example, the mixed waste after separating the empty bottles and the like is supplied to the trommel screen 4 by performing the air sorting in the middle of the line of the sorting and collecting apparatus. . Omitting this wind power selection, on the Trommel screen 4,
Empty bottles can also be sorted. In this case, as a rotary sieve constituting the Trommel screen, a sieve having sieve openings corresponding to empty bottles of various sizes may be added. Even in this case, an increase in the length of the processing line can be suppressed by arranging a large number of rotary sieves in parallel.

Further, in the above example, the bag breaker and the wet dust collecting device are arranged, but these devices may be omitted for both or only one, depending on the mixed waste to be treated. be able to. For example, when treating the mixed waste collected in the loose state instead of the bag-filled state, the bag breaking machine is unnecessary. Further, when processing mixed waste in which wet papers are not mixed, the wet dust collecting device is unnecessary.

Therefore, the selection and collection operation of the mixed waste can be basically performed by using only the Tromme screen.

Next, in the above-mentioned example, there is no particular mention about the treatment of the separated waste after being screened from each rotary sieve. The separated wastes that have been screened are collected in the collection section for each material. This work can be performed manually, but if a belt conveyor etc. is placed under each rotary sieve and the separated waste of the same material is collected on the same belt conveyor, Collection work of separated waste becomes easy.

Example of Arrangement of Trommel Screen The present invention employs a constitution in which a large number of rotary sieves constituting the Trommel screen are arranged in parallel. This parallel arrangement may be arranged horizontally, for example, or may be arranged vertically. FIG. 10 shows examples in which they are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction. In these examples, a configuration is adopted in which the waste discharged from one rotary sieve is dropped into the next-stage rotary sieve by natural fall. There is.

The example shown in FIG. 11 is an example in which a plurality of rotary sieves are arranged in an inclined state, and also in this example, wastes can be thrown into the rotary sieve on the next stage side by natural fall.

Furthermore, as in the embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, using a belt conveyor,
The waste may be conveyed toward the rotary sieve on the next stage side.

As can be seen from the drawings referred to in the above description, the size of the rotary sieve is maximum on the front stage side and minimum on the final stage side. This is because the mixed waste to be conveyed is sifted while being conveyed, and the amount of mixed waste to be conveyed becomes smaller as it goes to the rotary sieve on the subsequent stage side.

Other Shapes of Final Stage Rotary Sieve 44 Next, the final stage rotary sieve 44 for separating newspapers and magazines has various shapes other than a hexagonal hollow cross section as shown in FIG. It can have a rectangular cross section.

Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 11, a polygonal hollow cross section defined by a slightly curved inner peripheral surface may be used.

Further, the slits formed at the corners of the inner peripheral surface may be formed over the entire width in the axial direction, or may be formed in a part thereof. Further, instead of forming at all corners as in the example shown in FIG. 8, it may be formed at one or more corners.

In the above description, the rotary sieve 44
Has been described as the last stage. However, when selecting them from a mixed waste mainly containing newspapers and magazines, basically, the Trommel screen consisting of the rotary sieve having the polygonal hollow section may be used alone.

[0055]

As described above, the waste sorting and collecting apparatus of the present invention uses the trommel screen to separate and collect the mixed waste and configures the trommel screen. A large number of rotating sieves are arranged in parallel. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to subdivide the selective collection of the mixed waste without increasing the size of the apparatus. Therefore,
According to the present invention, the mixed waste can be reliably sorted and collected for each material, and the resources can be efficiently reused.

Further, in the present invention, as a trommel screen for separating newspapers and magazines,
The rotary sieve which constitutes it has a polygonal hollow cross section, and the slits extending in the axial direction as the sieve mesh are adopted at the corners of this inner peripheral surface.
If the trommel screen having this structure is adopted, it is possible to separate these papers more efficiently and surely than the generally used cylindrical rotary sieve.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a line configuration of a device for sorting and collecting waste edges according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 (A) is a plan view of the device of FIG.
(B) is a partial side view showing the arrangement state of the trommel screen.

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing a configuration of a primary bag breaking machine.

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing a configuration of a secondary bag breaking machine.

5A and 5B are views showing an example of a wet dust collecting apparatus, FIG. 5A is a side view thereof, and FIG. 5B is a plan view thereof.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration example of a wind force selection mechanism.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a rotary sieve that constitutes a front side Trommel screen.

8A and 8B are diagrams showing a rotary sieve at a final stage, in which FIG. 8A is an overall perspective view thereof, FIG. 8B is a sectional view of an inlet side, and FIG.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the sieving operation of the final stage rotary sieve.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an arrangement example of a plurality of rotary sieves that form a trommel screen.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of arrangement of a plurality of rotary sieves forming a trommel screen.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing another cross-sectional configuration example of the final-stage rotary sieve.

[Explanation of symbols]

3 ... Blower 5 ... Mesh Conveyor 4 ... Trommel Screen 15, 16 ... Bag Breaker 18 ... Wet Dust Collection Device 41, 42, 43 ... Cylindrical Rotary Sieve 44・ ・ ・ Final stage polygonal rotary screens 14, 15, 16 ・ ・ ・ Belt conveyors 411, 412, 413, 421, 422, 423, 4
31, 432 ... Sieve mesh 441 ... First slit 442 ... Second slit W ... Bagging waste W3 ... Mixed waste mainly containing empty cans

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Yoshito Taki 2-5, Funakubo-cho, Fujinomiya-shi, Shizuoka Prefecture (72) Inventor Shiro Aoki 4-12-9 Benten, Urayasu-shi, Chiba (72) Inventor Yoichi Oda Shinagawa, Tokyo 3-22-20 Higashi-Shinagawa, Ku (72) Inventor Katsuhisa Yasuda 3-10-3 Kawahanamachi, Toyokawa City, Aichi Prefecture

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A sorting and collecting apparatus for sorting and collecting wastes according to size from wastes of various sizes by using a Trommel screen, wherein the Trommel screen is arranged from an upstream side to a downstream side in a waste conveying direction. The cylindrical rotary sieves of a plurality of stages constituting the are arranged in parallel, and the sieve meshes of these rotary sieves are characterized in that they are formed so that the size increases from the upstream side to the downstream side. Sorting and collecting device for waste. 2. The rotary sieve in the final stage according to claim 1, which is for selecting magazines and newspapers, and has a polygonal hollow cross-sectional shape as a whole, and has an inlet side thereof. A first slit extending in the axial direction is formed in at least one corner portion of the inner peripheral surface, and a second slit extending in the axial direction is formed in at least one corner portion of the inner peripheral surface on the outlet side. The waste sorting and collecting apparatus is characterized in that the width of the second slit is set to be larger than the width of the first slit. 3. In a sorting and collecting apparatus for sorting and collecting wastes containing magazines and newspapers by using the Trommel screen, a cylindrical shape constituting the Trommel screen. The rotary sieve has a polygonal hollow cross-sectional shape as a whole, and at least one entrance corner portion of the inner peripheral surface on the inlet side is formed with a first slit extending in the axial direction, and its outlet is formed. At least one corner portion of the inner peripheral surface of the second side extending in the axial direction
The slit is formed, and the width of the second slit is set to be larger than the width of the first slit.