JPH0758038B2 - Tunnel lining method and its formwork equipment - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a primary lining in a mountain tunnel or the like, and more specifically, to a formwork apparatus used for a primary lining without using general sprayed concrete. The present invention relates to a lining method using a formwork device.

(Prior Art) Generally, when constructing a tunnel by the NATM method, concrete was sprayed onto the excavated wall surface for the primary lining of the excavated wall surface.

This method of spraying concrete, for example, sends water and other materials separately, merges these with a nozzle, and adheres to the surface rocks of the excavated wall surface to prevent the development of cracks in the ground, It provides weather resistance, strength that can withstand use, and durability.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the concrete spraying work in the primary lining of the tunnel described above, a large amount of dust is generated during the concrete spraying, the work environment inside the tunnel mine deteriorates, and countermeasures are required, and There is a lot of economic loss due to the rebound of aggregate, and there is a drawback that extra work such as waterproof sheet is required due to the fact that the excavated wall surface to be blown is not flat due to the presence of overdrill etc. did.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, without improving the concrete spraying work, improves the working environment in the mine, and ensures the close contact between the excavated wall surface and the concrete, and the lining surface. It is an object of the present invention to provide a formwork device that makes the surface smoother and facilitates later construction, and a lining method using the formwork device.

(Means for Solving the Problem) The gist of solving the above-mentioned problems of the tunnel lining method and the formwork apparatus according to the present invention and achieving the object is to install a turntable provided on a self-propelled cart on the left and right. Directional jack is mounted, a top mold is attached to the tip of the vertical jack, and wing molds are rotatably extended at both ends of the top mold, and the wing mold is slidable. After forming a formwork device in which a slidable formwork that can be retracted from the frame is inserted into the wing formwork, the formwork device is self-propelled to a predetermined position in the tunnel pit and stopped, and the vertical jack is used. The top formwork is arranged at a predetermined position, and the wing formwork is expanded by the left and right jacks, and then the sliding jack is operated to extend the sliding formwork along the excavation wall surface and its tip. Abut the gap and excavate these forms. After deploying along the wall surface and arranging at a predetermined position and filling the gap between these molds and the ground with fresh concrete, the vertical direction jack and the left and right direction for the wing form and sliding form Using the jack, the fresh concrete is pressure-held on the entire formwork, and after the required strength of the concrete has been developed, the jacks are operated to immerse the sliding formwork into the wing formwork and the wing formwork. And the top formwork are retracted to the self-propelled carriage, and the formwork apparatus is moved to a predetermined shelter, and the formwork apparatus used in this method is the self-propelled carriage and the self-propelled carriage. The vertical jack comprises vertical and horizontal jacks mounted on a turntable on a trolley, a formwork supported by the directional jacks, and a casting hole formed at a desired position of the formwork. At the tip of Part formwork is attached, the wing formwork is rotatably extended to both ends of the top formwork via hinges, and the wing formwork is expanded by the left and right jacks. In a formwork device for lining, a sliding formwork that is retractable from the wing formwork by a sliding jack pivotally supported by the wing formwork is provided by being inserted into the wing formwork, and the wing formwork is A roller that engages with and slides in contact with the wing form is provided at the tip of the lateral jack to be opened, a lateral jack that presses the sliding form is provided, and the surface of the sliding form is provided at the tip of the jack. There is provided a roller which is slidably contacted with the sliding base so that the sliding frame is brought into contact with the gap of the roadbed from top to bottom.

(Operation) As described above, according to the tunnel lining method and the formwork device thereof according to the present invention, the formwork device is caused to move by itself to a predetermined formwork assembly position in the tunnel pit, and the self-moving carriage is stopped. Later, if each rod of each direction jack and sliding jack is extended, the wing formwork is expanded on the excavation wall surface, and the tip of the sliding formwork extending from the wing formwork is extended along the excavation wall surface to the roadbed. Since it pushes out from the top to the bottom and abuts with good lid-closing property, it is not necessary to specially perform the slide treatment of the roadbed when the formwork is deployed along the excavation wall surface. Then, the mold is arranged along the excavation wall surface with a gap, fresh concrete is placed in the gap, and the fresh concrete is pressed and held by the entire mold using the jack. When the predetermined concrete pressurizing work is completed and the required strength of the concrete is developed, the horizontal jack, the sliding jack, and the vertical jack are operated to immerse the sliding formwork in the wing formwork, and at the same time, the wing. The formwork and the top formwork are retracted by the self-propelled carriage, and the formwork device is moved to a predetermined shelter place. As a result, the primary lining work of the excavated wall surface is completed and the concrete filled with the formwork is pressed, so that no dust is generated and the finished surface is smooth and clean.

Further, the formwork device includes a wing formwork and a top formwork, which are arranged on the excavation wall surface while the sliding formwork is immersed in the wing formwork by vertical and horizontal jacks and a sliding jack. Is reduced to a self-propelled trolley, the formwork device itself becomes extremely small, and moreover, the entire formwork device is rotated by 90 ° by using a turntable, which makes it suitable for moving inside the tunnel pit. Further, when the formwork is deployed on the excavation wall surface, after expanding the top formwork and the wing formwork along the excavation wall surface, the sliding formwork is extended from the wing formwork with a sliding jack. Since the tip of the sliding form is pushed out from the top to the bottom of the slip part of the roadbed and comes into contact with the slip part, it is not necessary to close the slip part with the form, and the workability is improved.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of the formwork apparatus 1, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal side view of the same. This formwork device 1 includes a crawler 2
And the like, a hydraulic unit 5, a vertical jack 6 and a horizontal jack 7 mounted on a turntable 4 of the self-propelled vehicle 3, and a top formwork each having a desired width. 8, a wing form 9, a sliding form 10, a sliding jack 11, a placing hole 12 and a concrete placing pipe 12a.

A top frame 8 is attached to the ends of the telescopic rods 6a of the vertical jacks 6,6. Further, wing form frames 9, 9 are rotatably extended from both ends of the top part form frame 8 via hinges 13, 13. The expansion of the wing form 9 is performed by extending the rod 7a of the lateral jack 7 (see FIG. 1).

Then, the sliding formwork 10 fitted and inserted in the wing formwork 9
The retracting action of the sliding formwork 10 from the wing formwork 9 is such that the rear end of the sliding formwork 10 is pivotally supported by the wing formwork 9 and the tip end of the telescopic rod 11a is the sliding formwork 1.
0 Sliding jack that is rotatably connected to the tip 1
It is performed by the stretching operation of 1.

The wing form 9 is pushed and pulled in the left and right direction to rotate the wing form 9 around the hinge 13 at the tip of the left and right jack 7 that expands the wing form 9 in the tunnel radial direction to the excavation wall surface. For example, an engaging portion formed by pin coupling is provided, and a roller 7b that is rotatable and slidably contacts the wing form frame 9 is provided on the pin. Also, the sliding formwork
The sliding formwork is attached to the tip of the lateral jack 7 that presses 10 in the lateral direction (lateral direction of the tunnel during concrete lining).
A roller 7b that is in sliding contact with the surface of 10 is provided.

The expansion of the sliding form 10 is performed by extending the telescopic rods 7a, 11a of the sliding jack 11 and the lateral jack 7. In order to extend and contract this telescopic rod, the jacks 6, 7, 11 are removed from the hydraulic unit 5.
A hydraulic hose (not shown), and a hydraulic pump (not shown) is provided in the hydraulic unit 5 so as to be connected to the hydraulic hose.

In this way, the vertical jack 6 and the horizontal jack 7
By adjusting the degree of expansion and contraction with the sliding jack 11, the forms 8, 9 and 10 can be flexibly arranged according to the shape of the wall surface of the excavation inside the tunnel.

Then, a pouring hole 12 is bored in the top form 8, and a concrete pouring pipe 12a is inserted into the pouring hole 12.

A method of performing a primary concrete lining using the formwork apparatus 1 thus formed will be described.

By moving the formwork apparatus 1 by self-propagation to a predetermined formwork assembly position in the tunnel pit, the jacks 6 and 7 in each direction and the sliding jack 11 are fed from the hydraulic unit 5 to each jack via a hydraulic hose. The telescopic rods 6a, 7a, 11a are fed and extended to be operated, and the molds 8, 9, 10 are arranged along the excavation wall surface 14 with a gap 15.

Therefore, in the sliding formwork 10 of the formwork apparatus 1, after the top formwork 8 and the wing formwork 9, 9 are expanded by securing a gap 15 in the excavation wall surface 14, the sliding formwork 10 is opened. Is extended from the wing form 9 by the sliding jack 11, and the tip of the slide form 10 is pushed out from the top to the bottom of the gap portion of the roadbed so as to surely abut. Thus, with respect to the closing treatment of the mold part and the gap remaining at the boundary between the excavation wall surface 14 and the roadbed, the conventional formwork device required a padding to prevent concrete leakage. The frame device 1 eliminates the need for such padding, and the workability is dramatically improved. Further, since the sliding formwork 10 can be freely retracted from the wing formwork 9, the expansion and the adjustment of the wing formwork 9 and the protruding and retracting amount of the sliding formwork 10 can be flexibly adapted to the size of the excavation wall surface 14. It is possible.

Then, as shown in FIG. 2, a concrete stopper member 16 for sealing the gap 15 is applied to the end portion of the outer periphery of the mold. Reference numeral 19 in the figure indicates a cushion material.

Next, the placing pipe 12b of the concrete pump truck introduced near the primary lining work is connected to the placing pipe 12a. Then, fresh concrete is pumped from the concrete pump truck, and the fresh concrete 17 is filled in the gap 15 between the existing concrete 18 and the dam member 16. Furthermore, this fresh concrete 17 is used for the jacks 6, 7
Apply pressure with to fill the voids in the natural ground and achieve close contact between the natural ground and concrete.

In this case, a dehydration sheet or the like may be attached to the back surfaces of the molds 8, 9 and 10 to dehydrate the fresh concrete 17 and improve the initial strength.

After the completion of the predetermined concrete pressurizing work, the required strength of the concrete is developed, and the rods 6a, 7 of the left-right jack 7, the sliding jack 11, and the vertical jack 6 are provided.
Move the a and 11a backwards with the hydraulic unit 5,
The sliding formwork 10 is immersed in the wing formwork 9 and the wing formwork 9 and the top formwork 8 are retracted to the self-propelled carriage 3 (see FIG. 3).

Then, the turntable 4 is rotated and each of the molds is rotated.
The crawlers 2 are driven by directing 8, 9 and 10 in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the formwork apparatus 1 is moved to a predetermined retreat place (not shown).

In this case, since each form is retracted to the self-propelled carriage 3 and becomes very compact, the crawler 2 is driven without rotating the turntable 4 while keeping the form facing the excavation wall surface. The formwork apparatus 1 may be retracted. The above work is repeated.

As a result, the primary lining work of the excavated wall surface is completed and the concrete filled with the formwork is pressed, so that no dust is generated and the finished surface is smooth and clean.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the tunnel lining method and the formwork apparatus therefor have the following effects.

(A) There is no generation of dust, which has been a problem in the conventional method using shotcrete, and the working environment is improved.

(B) In addition, since concrete does not bounce off, waste is economically avoided.

(C) Since the filled fresh concrete is pressed by the jack through the form, the contact between the concrete and the ground is ensured.

(D) Since the mold is used, the finished surface of the primary lining is clean and the workability of the subsequent secondary lining is improved.

(E) Among the molds that the mold device is developed with a gap on the excavation wall surface, the part of the mold that comes into contact with the roadbed is a sliding mold that is retractable with respect to the wing mold. Then, the tip of the sliding form frame is pushed out from the upper part to the lower part of the roadbed to surely abut. Therefore, with regard to the closing treatment of the mold part and the gap remaining at the boundary between the excavation wall surface and the roadbed, the conventional formwork device requires the padding to prevent concrete leakage, but the formwork device according to the present invention. In that case, such a filling is not required, and the workability is dramatically improved, which is an excellent effect.

(F) Since the sliding mold is immersed in the wing mold when the mold device is not expanding the mold, a plurality of molds connected by a hinge structure like a conventional mold device is used. It has an excellent effect that it is much more compact than the case where the body is folded to the body side and the structure thereof can be simplified. Also, since the sliding form can be freely retracted from the wing form, it is possible to flexibly deal with the size of the tunnel excavation cross section by adjusting the spread of the wing form and the amount of the sliding form. Further, it is possible to flexibly cope with the excavated cross-sectional shape.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of the formwork apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a vertical side view of the same, and FIG. 3 is a side view showing a state in which the formwork apparatus is retracted. 1 ... Formwork device, 2 ... Crawler, 3 ... Self-propelled trolley, 4 ... Turntable, 5 ... Hydraulic unit, 6 ... Vertical jack, 7 ... Left and right jack, 6a, 7a, 11a ... Expandable rod, 7
b ... Roller, 8 ... Top form, 9 ... Wing form, 10 ... Sliding form, 11 ... Sliding jack, 12 ... Placing hole, 12a ... Placing pipe, 13 ... Hinge, 14 ... Excavation wall surface, 15 ... Gap, 16 ... Wiring stop member, 17 ... Fresh concrete, 18 ... Existing concrete, 19 ... Cushion material.

Claims (2)

[Claims] Claims: 1. A turntable provided on a self-propelled carriage is equipped with vertical and horizontal jacks, and a top mold is attached to the tip of the vertical jack, and the top mold is attached to both ends of the top mold. After forming a wing form movably, and forming a form device in which a sliding form that can slide in and out of the wing form by a sliding jack is fitted and inserted into the wing form, the form device is formed. Self-propelled to a predetermined position in the tunnel mine and stopped,
Arrange the top formwork at a predetermined position with the vertical jack,
The wing formwork is widened by the left and right jacks, and then the sliding jack is operated to extend the sliding formwork along the excavation wall surface so that the tip of the sliding formwork is brought into contact with the gap portion. The frame is developed along the excavated wall surface and placed at a predetermined position, and after filling the gap between these molds and the ground with fresh concrete, the vertical jacks, wing molds and sliding molds Using the left and right jacks of
Holding the fresh concrete under pressure with the entire form,
After the required strength of concrete is developed, each of the jacks is operated to retract the sliding formwork into the wing formwork and retract the wing formwork and the top formwork into a self-propelled carriage,
A tunnel lining method characterized by moving the formwork device to a predetermined shelter. 2. A self-propelled carriage, vertical and horizontal direction jacks mounted on a turntable on the self-propelled carriage, a mold supported by the direction jacks, and a hole formed at a desired position of the mold. A top formwork is attached to the tip of the vertical jack, and the wing formwork is rotatably extended to both ends of the top formwork via hinges. In a formwork device for primary lining of concrete in which the wing formwork is expanded by a left-right jack, a sliding type that is retractable from the wing formwork by a sliding jack pivotally supported by the wing formwork. A frame is provided by being inserted into the wing form, and a roller that engages with the wing form and is in sliding contact is provided at the tip of the left-right jack that expands the wing form, and the left and right that press the sliding form. With a directional jack A mold device, wherein a roller is provided at the tip of the jack so as to be in sliding contact with the surface of the sliding mold, and the sliding mold is brought into contact with the gap of the roadbed from top to bottom.