JPH0743108B2 - Dispersion nozzle for supplying high water content residue to fluidized bed combustor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a fluidized bed combustion apparatus for high water content residue such as beer lees, coffee lees, mandarin lees, or sludge containing a large amount of water. The present invention relates to a supply / dispersion nozzle.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, as a device for supplying high water content residue to a fluidized bed combustor for burning high water content residue, a rotary valve,
A pressure feeder such as a screw feeder or a screw pump (mono pump), a spreader, or a combination thereof is used.

[Problems to be Solved by the Present Invention]

In order to burn a fluidized bed, it is necessary to disperse and supply the fluidized bed almost uniformly over the entire surface of a fluidized bed having a large flat area to improve the combustion efficiency.

However, for example, in a high water content residue such as beer lees, it contains a large amount of water, for example, 70 to 80%, and since it has an appropriate viscosity, it is conventionally used as a rotary valve as described above. In a pressure pump such as a screw feeder or a screw pump, a high water content residue tends to drop and be supplied to a fluidized bed, and there is a difficulty in widely and distributedly supplying to the entire fluidized bed.

Further, in the spreader, the rotating blades scatter high water content residue, so the scattering state is better than pressure pumps such as the rotary valve, screw feeder, screw pump, etc., but the shape of high water content residue scattering is thought. As it does not spread, it is difficult to perform stable dispersion on the fluidized bed surface. Further, even with this, the high water content residue tends to drop from the discharge port and accumulate in large amounts near the discharge port. And, if you try to fly the high water content residue over as wide a range as possible, you have to increase the rotation speed, and moreover, you will be exposed to a high temperature atmosphere (for example, 750 ° C to 800 ° C).
There is a problem that the rotating parts such as blades, shafts, and bearings are heavily worn and weak in durability, and the operation reliability is low.

Therefore, the above-mentioned supply device has a problem that the combustion efficiency in the fluidized bed is not good.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is possible to satisfactorily supply and disperse a high-moisture content residue, improve combustion efficiency, and have a simple structure and high water content that enables reliable operation. An object of the present invention is to provide a supply / dispersion nozzle for supplying a residue to a fluidized bed combustion apparatus.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, a high water content residue supply / dispersion nozzle attached to a combustion chamber of a fluidized bed combustion apparatus that fluidly combusts a high water content residue, wherein the supply / dispersion nozzle is a nozzle body. A high water content residue supply passage is provided in the central part of the nozzle, and a pressurized fluid supply passage is provided around the periphery of the nozzle, and the residue is pressurized at the tip of the nozzle body by communicating with the residue supply passage in an axial line. A fluid mixing chamber is provided, an outlet nozzle is provided at the tip of the fluid mixing chamber, and a space is provided in the circumferential direction at an outer peripheral position of the residue supply passage at a position facing the mixing chamber of the pressurized fluid supply passage. In addition, a pressurized fluid dispersion plate having a large number of pressurized fluid jets is provided,
Each of the pressurized fluid jets is provided toward the outlet nozzle of the mixing chamber and is inclined at a certain angle with respect to the plane including the axis, and the mixing chamber pressurizes the end portion of the residue supply passage. The diameter of the fluid distribution plate is gradually expanded from the mounting origin of the fluid distribution plate in the direction of the outlet nozzle through the pressurized fluid distribution plate, and further, from the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the pressurized fluid distribution plate toward the outlet nozzle of the distal end portion in a conical shape. Formed by extending so as to be squeezed,
The outlet nozzle of the tip portion is formed to have a nozzle diameter smaller than that of the residue supply passage, and the outlet nozzle is detachably attached to the mixing chamber in a state in which the axial distance can be adjusted.

[Work]

The high water content residue is supplied into the mixing chamber through the high water content residue supply passage in the central portion of the nozzle body. The high water content residue supplied to the mixing chamber is applied to a pressurized fluid dispersion plate provided at the end of the supply passage at a large number of circumferentially spaced outer peripheral positions outside the supply passage. It is swirled by a pressurized fluid such as compressed air or saturated steam that is jetted as a swirling flow into the mixing chamber from the pressure fluid ejection port, is stirred, and is sent while being expanded into the mixing chamber. So that the small pieces of residue and particles etc. are loosened and the residue and water are mixed well, then compressed slightly from the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the pressurized fluid dispersion plate toward the outlet nozzle at the tip. Will be sent. And when it reaches the outlet nozzle at the tip,
Since the nozzle diameter is formed smaller than the diameter of the residue supply passage, it will be in a state where it will be slightly clogged in the nozzle portion and accumulated, and it will be discharged from the nozzle by the pressure of the pressurized fluid. It is ejected as if it were flipped. Such a discharge state is repeated. It should be noted that, although the nozzle part will be clogged once, the clogged residue is in a state in which the clumps were unraveled just before that and the small pieces and water were well mixed. It is easily destroyed and ejected from the nozzle mouth. Therefore, even a residue such as beer lees that contains a large amount of water and is viscous is dispersed in a wide range from the outlet nozzle and supplied to the fluidized bed. Further, by adjusting the supply amount of the pressurized fluid to the pressurized fluid supply passage, the scattering state (scattering distance, scattering width, scattering fragments of residual acid, particles, etc.) can be easily adjusted. The residue is once clogged at the nozzle 9a,
Since it is discharged in a state where it is stored a little, the supply amount of the pressurized fluid such as compressed air can be reduced. In this scattered state, the outlet nozzle is exchanged with an outlet nozzle having a different size such as a nozzle diameter or an axial length, or the outlet nozzle has an axial direction such as a spacer having a different thickness. Since the distance can be changed, it is possible to easily adjust to a state suitable for the property of the high water content residue, and it is possible to perform efficient fluidized bed combustion.

As the pressurized fluid, for example, compressed air having an original pressure of 7 kg / cm ² G or saturated steam having an original pressure of 10 kg / cm ² G is used.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First
FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view showing a nozzle for supplying and dispersing a high water content residue, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view (front view) taken along the line II-II of FIG.

In the following examples, the case where the pressurized fluid is compressed air will be described.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the high water content residue supply / dispersion nozzle body 1 surrounds the inner cylinder 4 forming a residue supply passage 2 in the central portion and the inner cylinder 4 around the outer circumference of the inner cylinder 4. The outer cylinder 5 is attached to the outer cylinder 5 and the compressed air supply passage 3 as a compressed air supply unit, that is, a compressed air supply unit is formed in the space between the outer cylinder 5 and the inner cylinder 4. . Reference numeral 5a is a compressed air inlet attached to the end of the outer cylinder 5 opposite to the mixing chamber 8. Reference numeral 2a is an inlet for the high water content residue formed at the end of the inner cylinder 4. At the end of the supply dispersion nozzle body 1 on the side opposite to the inlet 2a, a mixing chamber 8 is positioned so as to be in axial line with and in communication with the inner cylinder 4, and mixing is performed at the starting end of the mixing chamber 1. A frustoconical air distribution plate (pressurized fluid distribution plate) 6 is attached between the inner cylinder 4 and the outer cylinder 5 at the end of the compressed air supply passage 3 at a position facing the chamber 1.

That is, the air dispersion plate 6 is gradually expanded in diameter toward the outlet nozzle 9 at the tip of the mixing chamber 8 and connected to the outer cylinder 5 to form a part of the mixing chamber 8. A large number (12 in this embodiment) of compressed air jets (pressurized fluid jets) 7 are formed in the air distribution plate 6 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Each of the compressed air jets 7 is directed to the air dispersion plate 6 in the direction of an outlet nozzle 9 described later as shown in FIG. 1 in a longitudinal sectional view, and as shown in FIG. 2 in front view. The holes are formed by tilting in the same fixed direction with respect to the plane A including the axis.
The mixing chamber 8 extends from the outer cylinder 5 near the attachment point on the outer peripheral edge of the air dispersion plate 6 and is squeezed into a conical shape in the tip direction thereof.
The tip portion 8a is formed as a straight pipe, and an outlet nozzle 9 is screwed into the straight pipe portion of the tip portion 8a and is detachably provided. No. 9a is the nozzle port (minimum diameter outlet part)
As shown in the figure, the diameter is smaller than the diameter of the residue supply passage 2. A female screw 8b is screwed on the inner surface of the straight pipe portion of the tip portion 8a, and a male screw 9b is screwed on the outer peripheral surface of the outlet nozzle 9. On the inner surface of the outlet nozzle 9 on the mixing chamber 8 side, a tapered surface 9c having the same slope as the tapered inner surface 8c of the mixing chamber 8 is formed. Also, the nozzle mouth of the outlet nozzle 9
A taper 9d is formed on the outer side of 9a so as to expand toward the end. An annular ring spacer 12 is interposed between the end of the straight pipe portion of the most distal end portion 8a of the mixing chamber 8 and the stepped portion 9e of the outlet nozzle 9, and the spacer 12 having a different thickness is used to replace the outlet. The axial position of the nozzle 9 is set to the mixing chamber 8
Is adjustable against. In FIG. 1, 10 is a mounting seat of the supply dispersion nozzle main body 1 mounted in the primary combustion chamber 22, and the supply dispersion nozzle main body 1 is a flange 5b fixed to the outer cylinder 5 thereof and a flange 11a of this mounting seat 10. And are joined to each other to be attached to the primary combustion chamber 22. Although the supply dispersion nozzle body 1 is shown in a horizontal state in FIG. 1, it is actually attached to the primary combustion chamber 22 at an angle, as shown in FIG. 3 or 4.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a system for supplying a highly water-containing residue to the nozzle 1 for supplying and dispersing a highly water-containing residue and the fluidized bed combustion device 20, and FIG. ,
FIG. 5 is a partial side view taken along the line VV of FIG.

In both figures, the fluidized bed combustor 20 includes an air chamber 21 having an auxiliary combustion burner 21a that uses heavy oil as a fuel in the lowermost stage, a primary combustion chamber 22 and a primary combustion chamber 22 that are partitioned and formed by a gas dispersion plate 24 in the upper portion. Secondary combustion chamber divided by gas dispersion plate 25 at the top
The secondary combustion chamber 23 is provided with an exhaust gas discharge port 26, and an exhaust gas discharge duct 28 connected thereto is provided with a waste heat boiler 27. twenty two
a is a primary fluidized bed formed by fluidizing a fluid medium such as sand by high temperature air dispersed and supplied from the air chamber 21 by the gas dispersion plate 24, and 23a is a combustion exhaust gas discharged from the primary fluidized bed 22a. Is a secondary fluidized bed formed by fluidizing and supplying the same fluid medium such as sand by the gas dispersion plate 25. The high water-containing residue supply dispersion nozzle 1 is attached to the side wall of the primary combustion chamber 22 at a position higher than the upper surface of the primary fluidized bed 22a, with the tip of the outlet nozzle 9 facing slightly downward and inclined. There is. This supply dispersion nozzle 1
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, three are provided on the side wall of the primary combustion chamber 22.

Reference numeral 22b is an auxiliary burner that uses heavy oil as a fuel, so that the flame is ejected at a position above the upper surface of the primary fluidized bed 22a, and between the dispersion supply nozzles 1 as shown in FIG.
It is provided on the side wall of the primary combustion chamber 22 at a position close to the distributed supply nozzle 1.

30 is a high water content residue hopper, 30a to 30c are hopper discharge ports (three places in this embodiment), 31 is an arch breaker provided in the hopper discharge port, and 32 is a vibrator.
A screw pump 41 that cuts out a high water content residue from the hopper 30 and pressure-feeds it to the supply dispersion nozzle 1 is attached to the end of the hopper discharge ports 30a to 30c below the arch breaker 31, and the screw pump 41 is further attached to this screw pump 41. The pipe 42 is connected, and the end of the pipe 42 is flange-joined to the end inlet 2a of the residue supply passage 2 of the supply dispersion nozzle 1. A shutoff valve 43 is provided in the middle of the pipe 42. The screw pump 41, the pipe 42, and the shutoff valve 43 form a residue supply device 40.

On the other hand, a compressed air supply device 50 is connected to the supply dispersion nozzle 1, and the compressed air supply device 50 connects a compressed air supply source 51 and a compressed air inlet 5a of the supply dispersion nozzle 1 with a pipe 52.
And a shutoff valve 53 and an air amount adjusting valve 54 which are interposed in the pipe 52.

A residue supply device 40 and a compressed air supply device 50 are connected to the respective three supply dispersion nozzles 1 shown in FIG. 5 from the respective hopper discharge ports 30a, 30b, 30c.

FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view showing details of the screw pump 41. In the figure, reference numeral 60 is a screw feeder portion for discharging the high water content residue discharged from the discharge ports 30a to 30c of the high water content residue hopper 30 through the input port 62, and 64 is a screw shaft. Reference numeral 61 is a pump portion for pumping the residue supplied from the screw feeder portion 60 to the supply dispersion nozzle 1 through the pipe 42, and 65 is a stator having an outer peripheral surface and an inner peripheral surface formed in a wavy cross section. It is a rotor that meshes with 66 and rotates eccentrically. 63 is an input shaft connected to a rotary drive source such as an electric motor, 68 is a shaft joint connecting the input shaft 63 and the screw shaft 64, and 69 is a shaft joint connecting the screw shaft 64 and the rotor 65. 67 is an outlet, to which the pipe 42 is connected.

In such a configuration, a high water content residue such as beer lees containing high water content (70 to 80%) is cut out from the high water content residue hopper 30 by the screw pump 41 and a predetermined pressure (for example, 7 kg / cm at maximum). ² G) and is pressure-fed and supplied into the pipe 42, and then supplied to the supply dispersion nozzle 1. This residue is supplied from the inlet 2a shown in FIG.
It is pressure-fed and supplied into the mixing chamber 8 in the front. On the other hand, compressed air having a source pressure of 7 kg / cm ² G is supplied into the compressed air passage 3 by the compressed air supply device 50 to the supply / dispersion nozzle 1, and the compressed air jet ports 7 of the air dispersion plate 6 are respectively supplied. It is supplied into the mixing chamber 8. Each air jet 7
Is directed toward the outlet nozzle 9 of the mixing chamber 8 and is inclined at a certain angle with respect to the plane A including the axis line. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. It is ejected as a swirling flow (spiral flow).

Therefore, in the mixing chamber 8, the high-moisture-content residue supplied to the central portion in the mixing chamber 8 as described above is supplied to the air dispersion plate 6 provided at the end of the residue supply passage 2 in the residue supply passage. Mixing is performed by swirling the compressed air ejected as a swirling flow into the mixing chamber 8 from a large number of air ejection ports 7 provided at outer circumferential positions outside of 2 in the circumferential direction and stirring to mix the air. It is sent while being spread into the chamber 8 and during this time, small pieces of residues such as beer lees and lumps of particles are loosened and the residue and water are mixed well, especially near the outer peripheral edge of the air dispersion plate 6. From the end toward the outlet nozzle 9 and is sent while being slightly compressed. When reaching the outlet nozzle 9 at the tip, since the diameter of the nozzle 9a is formed smaller than the diameter of the residue supply passage 2, the nozzle 9a is once clogged and is slightly accumulated. In such a state, the air is ejected as it is repelled from the nozzle 9a by the pressure of the compressed air. Such a repelled discharge state is repeatedly carried out, and the highly water-containing residue is dispersed extremely well. Note that the residue is once clogged in the nozzle 9a part and is discharged in a slightly accumulated state, so that the supply amount of compressed air may be small. In this way, even a viscous residue containing a large amount of water does not drop down from the tip of the outlet nozzle 9 and is discharged widely and efficiently over a long distance, Figure 1,
As shown by the chain double-dashed line 11 in FIG. 3, a parabolic trajectory is drawn and the primary fluidized bed 22a of the primary combustion chamber 22 is dispersed and supplied to almost the entire upper surface. At this time, as shown in FIG. 5, the supply / dispersion nozzles 1 are provided at a plurality of positions (three positions) in the width direction so that even a fluidized bed having a wide width is evenly distributed and supplied in the width direction.

Further, by adjusting the amount of compressed air supplied to the compressed air supply passage 3 by the flow rate adjusting valve 54 of the compressed air supply device 50, it is possible to easily adjust the scattering state such as the scattering distance and the width.

In this way, since the high water content residue is widely and uniformly dispersed and supplied to the primary fluidized bed 22a, the combustion efficiency in the primary fluidized bed 22a is significantly improved.

In the fluidized bed combustor 20, for example, 800 to 900 ° C. from the air chamber 21.
Of the high temperature air is introduced into the primary combustion chamber 22 through the gas dispersion plate 24 to fluidize the fluidized medium to form the primary fluidized bed 22a. As described above, a high water content residue, which is beer lees containing 80% of water uniformly charged to the fluidized bed surface, forms the fluidized bed in the primary fluidized bed 22a whose temperature is kept at, for example, 750 ° C. Moisture is instantly evaporated by contact with sand heated to high temperature. The dewatered residue is agitated with fluid bed sand and easily combusted.
An example of analysis of beer lees as this residue shows a high heating value of 4850 Kcal / dry kg, and the elemental component is carbon 48.86%,
Hydrogen 6.91%, oxygen 37.14%, nitrogen 3.23%, ash 3.28%,
Others are 0.58%. In this primary fluidized bed 22a, about 70% of the residue is combusted, and the remaining about 30% of unburned carbon (unburned carbon) is accompanied by combustion gas and passes through the freeboard together with ash (ash) to disperse the gas in the upper stage. Secondary combustion chamber through plate 25
When introduced into the secondary combustion chamber 23, a secondary fluidized bed 23a is formed. In the secondary fluidized bed 23a, about 30% of the unburned matter is burned and completely burned. In this embodiment, the fluidized bed combustor 20 is thus constituted by the two-stage fluidized bed, and the unburned carbon is caught and completely combusted in the second-stage fluidized bed (secondary fluidized bed 23a). And a high hearth load can be obtained. In this example, the hearth load is 400 to 450 kg.
/ m ² · hr. In addition, the empty space velocity is higher than that of an incinerator having a fluidized bed with only one stage, the fluidized bed area can be reduced, and the size of the furnace can be small.

From the secondary combustion chamber 23, through the exhaust gas outlet 26, 800-900
The combustion exhaust gas at ℃ is introduced into the waste heat boiler 27 provided in the middle of the exhaust gas duct 28, where a predetermined amount of heat is recovered and steam is obtained. The air preheated to a high temperature in an air preheater (not shown) by the exhaust gas after passing through the waste heat boiler 27 is introduced into the air chamber 21 and is used as fluidizing and combustion air. The auxiliary combustion burner 21a provided in the air chamber 21 operates so that the temperature of the primary fluidized bed 22a is always constant even when the water content of the residue fluctuates (for example, when the temperature of the fluidized bed decreases due to an increase in water content). In addition, the auxiliary burner 22b provided in the primary combustion chamber 22 is operated together with the auxiliary burner when the water content of the residue is extremely increased. By operating the auxiliary burner 22b, a high water content residue is discharged from the supply dispersion nozzle 1 and reaches a surface of the primary fluidized bed 22a, so that it becomes possible to evaporate a predetermined amount of the moisture in the freeboard, and The residue can be burned more efficiently in the fluidized bed 22a.

On the other hand, in FIG. 1, since the outlet nozzle 9 is detachably attached to the tip portion 8a of the mixing chamber 8, the diameter of the nozzle 9a of the outlet nozzle 9 and the axial length of the outlet nozzle 9 are determined. , Etc. can be replaced with an outlet nozzle having a different size, and an outlet nozzle suitable for the properties such as water content, particle size and viscosity of the high water content residue can be selected, and more efficient fluidized bed combustion can be performed. be able to.

Also, since the axial distance of the mixing chamber 8 can be adjusted by exchanging the spacers 12 having different thicknesses, it is possible to further adjust the degree of dispersion of the high water content residue. It is possible to perform more efficient fluidized bed combustion.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of another embodiment of the supply / dispersion nozzle, corresponding to FIG.

In this figure, the supply dispersion nozzle body 70 is different from the supply dispersion nozzle body 1 shown in FIG. 1 only in the part of the mixing chamber. That is, the mixing chamber 75 includes the outlet nozzle 71 and the spacer.
73 and. The outlet nozzle 71 has a nozzle opening 71a at the tip and a flange 72 at the opposite end.
Further, a flange 74 joined to the flange 72 of the outlet nozzle 71 is also attached to the end portion of the outer cylinder 5 on the residue supply passage 2 side, and the spacer 73 is axially joined by the flanges 72 and 74. Sandwich, bolt holes 72a, 7 on both flanges 72, 74
The mixing chamber 75 is integrally formed by tightening the bolt and nut into 4a. It should be noted that both ends of the spacer 73 in the axial direction are fitted into the inner holes of the flanges 72 and 74, respectively.
It comes into contact with the end surface of the outlet nozzle 71. Incidentally, FIG. 7 shows a state at the time of disassembly.

By configuring the supply dispersion nozzle 70 in this way,
Diameter D of nozzle opening 71a of outlet nozzle 71, length L in the axial direction
Can be replaced with different ones, and the spacer
The axial length (width) W of 73 can be exchanged with various ones, and as in the case of FIG. 1, optimum supply dispersion can be performed according to the properties of the high water content residue.

As shown in FIG. 3 or 4, in the middle of the compressed air supply pipe 52 to the compressed air supply passage 3 of the supply dispersion nozzle 1, for example, a saturated steam supply pipe having an original pressure of 10 kg / cm ² G. 55
Connect the compressed air supply pipe 52 near this connection point.
With the configuration in which the on-off valves 52a and 55a are respectively provided in the steam supply pipe 55 and the steam supply pipe 55, when the fluidized bed combustion device 20 is stopped, the supply of the residue is stopped by closing the shutoff valve 43 of the residue supply device 40. After that, compressed air is supplied for a required time to discharge the residue remaining in the mixing chamber 8 as much as possible.
The compressed air opening / closing valve 52a is closed, the steam opening / closing valve 55a is opened, and steam is introduced into the mixing chamber 8 from the compressed air jet port 7 through the compressed air supply passage 3 of the dispersion nozzle 1 and supplied to the outlet nozzle 9. The high water content residue that can be ejected from the nozzle port 9a and remains or adheres to the inside of the mixing chamber 8 or the outlet nozzle 9 is completely discharged with steam to keep the inside of the mixing chamber 8 and the outlet nozzle 9 clean. It is possible to prevent clogging due to charring caused by residual high water content residue. Incidentally, along with the cleaning action by the steam as described above, the cleaning action of a large number of compressed air jets 7 is also performed. Further, the cleaning action of the mixing chamber 8 and the outlet nozzle 9 by such steam can be performed even when the operation is restarted (started).

By performing the above operation, the dispersion state of the residue by the supply dispersion nozzle 1 at the time of start-up can be improved.

Furthermore, if the steam is supplied to the compressed air from time to time during the operation and is sent into the mixing chamber 8 together with the compressed air, the mixing chamber 8 and the outlet nozzle 9 can be cleaned during the operation. It is possible to prevent blockage during operation.

On the other hand, in the above embodiments, the case where compressed air is used as the pressurized fluid of the supply dispersion nozzles 1 and 70 has been shown, but saturated steam having a pressure of 10 kg / cm ² G at the original pressure may be used, for example. In this case as well, the action of supplying and dispersing the residue can be efficiently performed, and the above-described cleaning of the mixing chamber 8 and the outlet nozzle 9 with the steam can be performed with the same steam and in parallel with the operation. .

Next, the experimental results for confirming the supply and dispersion state of the high water content residue, which is performed using the supply and dispersion nozzle 70 of the present invention, will be described.

The dispersion test of the dispersion supply nozzle 70 according to the present invention was conducted by the apparatus shown in FIG. In FIG. 8, the residue inlet 2a of the supply / dispersion nozzle 70 and the screw pump attached to the bottom of the residue hopper are connected by a hose having a diameter of 2 in, and the compressed air inlet 5a has a source pressure of 7 kg / cm ² G. A compressed air source is connected via a gas pipe, an orifice and a flow rate adjusting valve are installed in the middle of the air pipe, and the compressed air supply amount to the supply dispersion nozzle 70,
The pressure was adjusted.

On the other hand, the device shown in FIG. 9 was used as a test device for confirming the dispersion state by a conventional spreader. A hose was connected between the receiving hopper of the spreader and the screw pump attached to the bottom of the residue hopper.

Using the above test equipment, a dispersion test was conducted on beer lees as a high water content residue.

Below, the test results (Example) with the supply dispersion nozzle 70 according to the present invention performed based on the apparatus of FIG. 8 and the test results (comparative example) with the spreader of the conventional apparatus performed by the apparatus of FIG. 9 are shown. . In FIGS. 8 and 9, the distributed supply nozzle 70 or spreader is installed at a distance (height) H from the ground to the center thereof at a height of 800 mm, and the distributed supply nozzle 70 or spreader is located on the ground in front of the dispersed supply nozzle 70 or spreader. The supply was dispersed, and the state (shape) accumulated on the ground at this time (described as a scattered matter in the figure) was measured. DT is the scattering distance, WI is the scattering width, and K is the distance from the tip of the nozzle 70 to the starting end of the scattered material. FIG. 10 is a plan view of the state of accumulation of scattered materials as seen from above (viewed from the arrow A in FIGS. 8 and 9). In the following, the accumulated state of scattered matter (scattering distance DT, scattering width WI) shows the state after operating for 5 minutes.

Beer lees have a water content of 80%, and the results are shown below.

〔Example〕

[Comparative example] In the test using the spreader of this comparative example, as the supply amount of beer lees increased, the accumulation condition tended to accumulate on the side of the starting point of scattering. Also, there was a strong tendency to drip in front of the spreader.

Comparing the test results of Table 1 (Examples) and Table 2 (Comparative Examples) above, the supply dispersion by the supply dispersion nozzle according to the present invention is conventionally used in the scattering distance DT and the scattering width WI. The value is considerably larger than the supply dispersion by the spreader, which shows that the supply dispersion effect of the supply dispersion nozzle according to the present invention is excellent. In Table 2, as the number of rotations of the spreader is increased as in the case of the number of times 1 to 3, the scattering distance becomes larger, and is larger than the scattering distance in the case of the supply dispersion nozzle in Table 1. It may be larger (for example,
(Spreading distance is 4.0 m when the number of spreaders is 600 rpm as shown in Table 2 3). This spreader has a rotating part and is exposed to the high temperature atmosphere of the combustion chamber when installed in an actual fluidized bed combustor. Therefore, in the case of a combustion device which is rotated at a high speed to continue the operation, its durability is extremely poor especially in the rotating portion. Further, in the case of the spreader, the scattering width WI is remarkably smaller than that in the case of the supply dispersion nozzle of the present invention, and there is almost no change even when the spreader rotation speed is increased. In this respect, in the case of the supply dispersion nozzle of the present invention, as in the case of the times 1 to 4 in Table 1, the beer lees supply amount is the same, and the other conditions are also the same, the solid-gas ratio is the same. Is increased (the amount of air is decreased)
And the flying distance DT and the flying width WI are both small,
It can be seen that the scattered state can be easily adjusted only by adjusting the amount of compressed air.

Further, from Table 1, in the supply dispersion nozzle of the present invention, for example, comparing the cases of the number of times 2 and 5, when the spacer width W is considerably increased, both the flying distance DT and the flying width WI become large, If the axial distance of the supply nozzle is increased,
It can be seen that the scattering distance DT and the scattering width WI can be increased. When the numbers 2 and 6 are compared, there is no influence on the flying distance DT and the flying width WI when the spacer width W is almost unchanged. Further, comparing the numbers 2 and 7, when the diameter D of the nozzle is increased without changing the axial distance of the nozzle (in this case, twice the size), both the flying distance DT and the flying width WI become smaller. It also shows that adjustment by changing the nozzle diameter is possible.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described in detail above, the present invention contains a large amount of water,
In addition, viscous high water content residue can be blown off from the nozzle opening of the exit nozzle of the mixing chamber, so it can be widely and evenly and reliably dispersed and supplied to the fluidized bed surface, and combustion in the fluidized bed The efficiency can be significantly improved. In this case, since the distributed supply nozzle has no rotating part and has a simple structure, the distributed supply nozzle has durability even when exposed to the high temperature atmosphere of the combustion chamber, so that the dispersed supply can be performed reliably. . Then, simply by adjusting the supply amount of the pressurized fluid such as compressed air or steam to the pressurized fluid supply unit,
The scattering state (scattering distance, width) can be easily adjusted. In this case, since the residue is once clogged in the nozzle 9a part and discharged in a slightly accumulated state, the supply amount of compressed air may be small.

Further, since the outlet nozzle is detachably attached to the mixing chamber, it can be replaced with an outlet nozzle having different dimensions such as the diameter of the nozzle and the axial length of the outlet nozzle. It is possible to select an outlet nozzle suitable for properties such as water content, particle size, viscosity, etc., to secure a good scattering state according to the properties, and to perform more efficient fluidized bed combustion. Further, since the outlet nozzle is detachably attached to the mixing chamber in such a manner that the axial distance can be adjusted, the axial length of the mixing chamber can be adjusted, and the high water content residue having various properties can be adjusted. Even in the case of a product, it is possible to satisfactorily adjust the scattered state and efficiently perform fluidized bed combustion. It can be replaced with an outlet nozzle that has different dimensions such as the diameter of the outlet nozzle or the length of the outlet nozzle in the axial direction, and the outlet nozzle that is suitable for the properties such as water content, particle size, and viscosity of the high water content residue is selected. And more efficient fluidized bed combustion can be performed.

Furthermore, if the outlet nozzle is detachably attached to the mixing chamber in a state where the axial distance can be adjusted, the axial distance of the mixing chamber can be adjusted.
It is possible to have a degree of freedom in adjusting the scattered state of the high water content residue, and to perform more efficient fluidized bed combustion.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a high water-containing residue supply / dispersion nozzle, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view (front view) taken along the line II-II of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a system for supplying a high water content residue to the dispersion nozzle 1 for supplying a high water content residue together with a fluidized bed combustion device.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged installation view of a main part of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a V of FIG.
~ Partial side view taken along the line V, FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the screw pump, and FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an essential part (an exploded view) showing another embodiment of the supply dispersion nozzle corresponding to FIG. FIG. 8 is a system diagram showing a device for supplying and dispersing high water content residue using the supply and dispersion nozzle of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a test for dispersing and supplying high water content residue using a spreader which is a conventional supply device. FIG. 10 is a system diagram showing the apparatus, FIG. 10 is a plan view taken along the line A in FIGS. 8 and 9, and is a view of the accumulated state of scattered matter from above. 1, 70 ... Supply dispersion nozzle body, 2 ... Residue supply passage, 3 ... Compressed air supply passage, 8, 75 ... Mixing chamber, 6 ...
... Air dispersion plate, 7 ... Compressed air jet, 9,71 ... Exit nozzle, A ... Plane including axis (Fig. 2), 20 ... Fluidized bed combustor, 22 ... Primary combustion chamber, 23 ...... Secondary combustion chamber, 30
...... Residue hopper, 40 ...... Residue supply device, 41 ...... Screw pump, 50 ...... Compressed air supply device.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-51-78082 (JP, A) Jikkoku 47-21206 (JP, Y1) Jikkō 40-19582 (JP, Y1) Jikkō Sho-39- 28410 (JP, Y1)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A supply dispersion nozzle for a high water content residue, which is installed in a combustion chamber of a fluidized bed combustor for fluidly combusting a high water content residue, wherein the supply dispersion nozzle comprises a high water content residue in a central portion of a nozzle body. A material supply passage, a pressurized fluid supply passage is provided around the periphery thereof, and a mixing chamber for the residue and the pressurized fluid is provided at the tip of the nozzle body so as to communicate with the residue supply passage with its axis aligned. An outlet nozzle is provided at the tip of the mixing chamber, and a large number of pressurized fluids are circumferentially spaced at the outer peripheral position of the residue supply passage at a position facing the mixing chamber of the pressurized fluid supply passage. A pressurized fluid distribution plate having jets is provided, and each of the pressurized fluid jets is provided toward the outlet nozzle direction of the mixing chamber and is inclined at a constant angle with respect to a plane including an axis. Is a pressurized flow at the end of the residue supply passage The diameter of the dispersion plate is gradually increased in the direction of the outlet nozzle through the pressurized fluid distribution plate from the mounting origin, and the conical shape is narrowed from the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the pressurized fluid distribution plate toward the outlet nozzle of the tip. Is formed so as to extend so that the nozzle diameter of the outlet nozzle of the tip portion is smaller than the diameter of the residue supply passage, and the outlet nozzle can adjust the axial distance with respect to the mixing chamber. A nozzle for supplying and dispersing a high water content residue to a fluidized bed combustor, which is detachably attached to the nozzle.