JPH0646997A - Ophthalmologic apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce measuring errors due to changes in temperature even when a lens made of a material having a refractive index varying with temperature is used in an optical measuring system. CONSTITUTION:An angle which a tangent S makes with an optical axis at an intersection between a main light beam L and a curved surface 91 is made to equal an angle between a prism plane 9j and the optical axis so that it becomes equal to an angle (i) of incidence on the curved surface 9i and angles j1 and j2 of incidence from the prism plane 9j at 20 deg.C and 60 deg.C separately. When a separation prism 9 is made of a synthetic resin PC, the refractive index thereof is 1.586 at 20 deg.C and 1.58 at 60 deg.C. When the thickness (t) of the prism is set at 2mm and a distance (d) to an image sensor from the center point Q of the prism plane 9j is at 40mm, a distance (y) between an outgoing luminous flux K1 at 20 deg.C and an outgoing luminous flux K2 at 60 deg.C gives about 0.0006mm. This means a measuring error of only about 0.01D if a (1/2) inch CCD is used for the image sensor with a measuring range of + or -20D.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ophthalmologic apparatus used in an ophthalmology clinic, an eyeglass store, or the like.

[0002]

[Prior art]

(B) In an ophthalmologic apparatus that measures the refractive power of the eye, the measurement light beam is separated by an inverted hexagonal pyramid-shaped separation prism, and the light beam that is originally focused on one position on the position detector is separated into several parts. , The refractive power is measured from the light receiving position of each light flux. In such an ophthalmologic apparatus that measures from the light receiving position of the light flux, there are advantages such as improved measurement accuracy and weak illumination light for measuring the refractive power, and the separating prism plays a large role.

Since the separating prism has a special shape, it is made of glass, synthetic resin or the like by pressing, injection molding or the like. Compared with the glass pressing method, the synthetic resin injection molding method is suitable for mass production, and the material cost is low, so a significant cost reduction can be achieved. It is also supported in terms of weight reduction.

(B) In the conventional eye-refractive-power measuring device, an image pickup element having high infrared light sensitivity is used as an optical position detector of the eye-refractive-power measuring light beam to reduce the cost and downsize. Further, there is known a configuration in which this image pickup device is shared with the image pickup device for observing the anterior segment of the eye to further reduce the cost. However, one of the drawbacks of the eye-refractive-power measuring device having this configuration is that the light flux from the anterior ocular segment observing optical system leaks into the eye-refractive-power measuring optical system at the time of measuring the eye-refractive power, and the measurement accuracy is improved. May affect.

As one solution to this drawback, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 49942 proposes a configuration in which a light beam other than the wavelength for observing the anterior segment is cut and the wavelength for observing the anterior segment is dimmed. Further, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-178326 proposes a configuration in which a light blocking member 17 is inserted into an anterior ocular segment observation optical system such as a shutter of a camera, a liquid crystal, and a flip-up mirror when an eye refractive power measuring device is used. There is.

(C) In an ophthalmologic apparatus that projects light onto the eye to be inspected and detects reflected light from the eye to be inspected, the light flux is reflected by dirt or scratches adhering to the outermost part of the optical system of the apparatus. There is an inconvenience. In order to prevent this dirt and scratches, there is a lens cap that can be put on the eye side of the device by hand when not in use, but it is easy to forget to put it on or lose the cap. The appearance is unsightly. For this reason, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 51-131627 proposes to incorporate an electrically-operated shielding member in the device.

(D) In the conventional ophthalmologic apparatus, it is necessary to push the switch to record the measured value after the alignment is completed, and a member for holding the spectacle lens is used. Further, an automatic measuring device without a member for pressing is also known.

[0008]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

(1) Since the refractive index of synthetic resin changes about 100 times as much as glass does, if the separation prism of the refractometer is made of synthetic resin as in the case of (a) of the conventional example, the measurement on the position detector will depend on the temperature. Since the light-receiving position of the light flux changes, even if the device is adjusted to operate in a good condition at a certain temperature, the light-receiving position may shift when used at different temperatures, resulting in an error in measurement.

(2) The above-mentioned conventional method (b) for preventing the leakage of the light flux from the anterior segment observation optical system is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-49942.
The method of the publication is an effective means for preventing the leakage of ambient light, but it cannot be dealt with if the wavelength of the anterior ocular segment observation optical system leaks to such an extent that the measurement accuracy is affected.

Further, since a high-speed eye refractive power measuring device is generally required, in the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-178236, it is optimal to use a shutter of a camera or a liquid crystal as a light shielding member. However, the structure is complicated and the cost is high. On the other hand, the mechanism of the flip-up mirror method is simple although it lacks high speed.

(3) In the conventional example (C), in the device in which the light beam to be measured for the eye to be measured and the light beam to be measured for the wearing lens are received by the common sensor through different apertures, the other one is not used for the inspection during the energizing function of the device. The ambient light from the opening of the above reaches the common sensor, which is inconvenient for the inspection.

In the conventional example (d), normally, it is necessary to perform alignment while holding the glasses with both hands, and to shift the switch or release the other hand to push the switch after the alignment is completed. It is difficult to press the switch. Further, although it is possible to use the spectacles pressing member and press the switch after fixing the lens after the alignment, there is a drawback that the measurement takes time.

Further, in a device without a pressing member,
It is detected that the position of the detected light flux has not changed. For example, when comparing the positions of five light fluxes, there are x direction and y direction, respectively, and it is necessary to compare 10 numerical values. Further, although a single light flux on the optical axis is possible, there is a drawback in that variations in the optical axis direction and inclination of the lens under test cannot be detected. Further, since the judgment is made based on whether or not the fluctuation of the position of the light beam is within a predetermined value, the accuracy of the eccentricity at the time of measurement has a drawback that it changes according to the refractive power of the lens under test.

A first object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problem (1), and even if a lens made of a material whose refractive index changes with temperature change, such as synthetic resin, is used in the measurement optical system, the temperature change does not occur. An object of the present invention is to provide an ophthalmologic apparatus with less measurement error.

A second object of the present invention is to improve the method of the flip-up mirror described above and use a light-shielding member capable of operating at high speed to reduce the cost to prevent the leakage of the light flux from the anterior segment observation optical system. It is to provide an ophthalmologic apparatus that prevents the above.

A third object of the present invention is to provide an ophthalmologic apparatus capable of preventing the optical system from being scratched or soiled when not in use, and preventing leakage of ambient light from an optical system for measuring an eye to be inspected during wearing lens inspection. To provide.

A fourth object of the present invention is to provide an ophthalmologic apparatus capable of simply and accurately measuring the refractive power.

[0018]

An ophthalmologic apparatus according to a first aspect of the invention for achieving the above object is to manufacture a lens provided in a refracting power measuring optical system from a material whose refractive index changes with temperature change. One surface is a flat surface or a curved surface having an angle with respect to the optical axis, and the tangent to the surface other than the optical axis and the angle of the one light ray are substantially equal on the incident side and the emitting side.

An ophthalmologic apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention is an eye-refractive-power measuring apparatus that shares an image pickup element for measuring eye-refractive power and for observing an anterior segment of the eye, and a plate-shaped light-shielding member and a substantially center of the light-shielding member. A rotation means for rotating the light blocking member attached to the center of the optical system for observing the anterior segment of the eye, and the rotation so that the light blocking member blocks the light flux of the anterior segment observation during eye refractive power measurement. And means for controlling the means.

An ophthalmologic apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention projects an optical beam onto an eye to be inspected and uses an reflected light thereof to inspect the eye for inspecting the eye and an opening for a wear lens for inspecting a wear lens. A common sensor for both inspections and a light-shielding member provided in the inspection opening are provided, and the inspection opening is shielded when the device is not energized and the wearing lens is inspected. .

In the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, a luminous flux is projected onto the fundus of the eye to be inspected through a lens, and the reflected light is passed through a first multi-aperture stop arranged substantially conjugate with the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected. An eye refractive power measurement system that receives the light on the sensor and determines the refractive power of the eye to be inspected from the positional relationship of the received image on the sensor, and projects parallel light to the lens to be inspected, at a position substantially conjugate with the rear surface of the lens to be inspected. Light is received on the sensor through an optical path that shares a part with the eye refractive power measurement system through the arranged second plurality of openings, and the refractive power of the eye wear lens to be examined is determined from the positional relationship of the received light image on the sensor. And a light-shielding member that opens the opening on the eye side of the first multi-aperture stop when the device is energized, and the lens refractive power measurement system is used when energized. Also has a drive control means for blocking the opening. Than it is.

An ophthalmologic apparatus according to the fifth aspect of the present invention is a light beam projecting means for projecting a light beam onto a lens to be inspected, a lens position setting means to be inspected for setting the position of the lens to be inspected in the optical axis direction, and a projection light beam A light flux selecting means for selecting a part, a light flux detecting means for photoelectrically detecting the light flux selected by the light flux selecting means, and a refraction for computing and calculating refraction information of the lens to be inspected based on the information detected by the light flux detecting means. Information calculation means, alignment display means for displaying the alignment state of the lens to be inspected, detection means for detecting the movement of the lens to be inspected from the refraction information calculated by the information of the light flux detection means, and inspection by the detection means. If there is no movement of the lens, it is assumed that the alignment is completed, and the storage means for storing the measurement value at that time as the measurement value of the lens under test.

[0023]

In the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention having the above-mentioned structure, even if a lens made of a material whose refractive index changes with temperature is used, the amount by which the light receiving position of the measurement light beam on the position detector changes with temperature is sufficient. Becomes smaller.

In the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, the rotation center of the light blocking member is placed in the optical path of the anterior segment observation optical system to reduce the torque required by the rotating means to shield the light at a higher speed than the conventional flip-up mirror method. Rotate the member.

In the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention, the inspection opening is closed by the light blocking member when the apparatus is not energized and the wearing lens is inspected.

In the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the fourth invention, the first
The opening on the most eye side of the multi-aperture stop is opened when the device is energized, and is blocked by the light blocking member during the wearing lens inspection even when energized.

The ophthalmologic apparatus according to the fifth aspect of the invention detects from the measured value that the lens under test is held for a certain period of time, stores the measured value as the completion of alignment, and ends the measurement.

[0028]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram according to the first embodiment, in which a measurement light source 1 that also serves as a measurement index for measuring the eye refraction value of the eye E is provided. On the optical path O1 to the lens 2, the aperture 3a shown in FIG.
A projection aperture 3, a perforated mirror 4, a lens 5, and a dichroic mirror 6 are sequentially arranged.
On the optical path O2 in the reflection direction of, the measurement diaphragm 7 having the six openings 7a to 7f as shown in FIG. 3, the lens 8, and the six wedge prisms 9a to 9f shown in FIG. On the surface, a separating prism 9 formed of a curved surface having a center of curvature on the optical axis, a dichroic mirror 10, and an image pickup element 11 are arranged, and the output of the image pickup element 11 is connected to a television monitor 12. The measurement light source 1 is arranged at a position substantially conjugate with the fundus Er of the eye E to be emmetropic, and the projection diaphragm 3 and the measurement diaphragm 7 are arranged at positions conjugate with the pupil Ei.

Further, for observing the anterior segment of the eye E, a single or a plurality of illumination light sources 13 are provided facing the eye E, and an optical path in a direction straight from the eye E through the dichroic mirror 6 is provided. A reflection mirror 14 is arranged on O3, and a lens 15 is arranged in the reflection direction thereof to reach the dichroic mirror 10. The dichroic mirror 6 reflects the infrared light flux from the measurement light source 1 and transmits the light flux from the illumination light source 13, and the dichroic mirror 10 uses the measurement light source 1
It has a spectral characteristic of transmitting the light flux from and transmitting the light flux from the illumination light source 13.

When objectively measuring the refractive power of the eye E to be inspected, the illumination light source 13 is turned on to illuminate the anterior segment of the eye E to be inspected. The light flux reflected by the anterior segment of the eye is dichroic mirror 6.
After passing through the optical path O3, the light is reflected by the reflection mirror 14, further reflected by the dichroic mirror 10 through the lens 15, and then formed as an anterior segment image Pf on the image pickup element 11. Pf is a TV monitor 1 as shown in FIG.
It is displayed in 2.

The examiner performs alignment while observing the anterior segment image Pf, and after the alignment is completed, the illumination light source 13
Is turned off and the measurement light source 1 is turned on. The light beam from the measurement light source 1 travels along the optical path O1, passes through the lens 2, the projection diaphragm 3, the hole portion of the perforated mirror 4, the lens 5, and is reflected by the dichroic mirror 6 to reach the eye E to be inspected. The light flux reflected by the fundus Er returns to the same optical path, is reflected by the perforated mirror 4, and is reflected on the optical path.
After passing through O2, and after being separated from the optical axis by the separation prism 9 through the measurement diaphragm 7 and the lens 8, the six reflected light flux images P as shown in FIG. 6 are formed on the image pickup element 11 through the dichroic mirror 10. And the eye refractive power of the eye E to be inspected is calculated from the positional relationship of these reflected light flux images P.

In such a structure, the separating prism 9
Image sensor 11 due to temperature change when is made of synthetic resin
Consider the change in the light receiving position above. FIG. 7 shows a chief ray L passing through the center of any one of the six apertures 7a to 7f of the separation prism 9 and the measurement diaphragm 7. When the eye refraction value of the eye E is 0 diopter, the chief ray L is simple. For prism surface 9
Assuming that j is incident parallel to the optical axis 02, the change in the light receiving position will be obtained.

When the synthetic resin material of the separating prism 9 is PC, the refractive index thereof is 1.586 at 20 ° C. and 1.58 at 60 ° C. Incident angle i to curved surface 9i and exit angles j1 and j2 from prism surface 9j at 20 ° C and 60 ° C
So that they are equal to each other, the angle formed by the tangent line S at the intersection of the principal ray L and the curved surface 9i with the optical axis O2 and the prism surface 9j
Have the same angle with the optical axis 02. When this angle is 5 degrees, the incident angle i is 7.945 degrees. If the thickness t of the separating prism 9 is 2 mm and the distance d from the center point Q of the prism surface 9j to the image pickup device 11 is 40 mm, then 20
Distance y between the output light K1 at ℃ and the output light flux K2 at 60 ℃
Is about 0.0006 mm. This is 1/2 inch C
By using a CD as the image sensor 11, the measurement range of the ophthalmologic apparatus is ±
Assuming 20 diopters, the measurement error is only about 0.01 diopters.

Here, comparing the plane 9i perpendicular to the optical axis O2 with the separation prism 9 having the prism surface 9j, FIG.
As shown in, the principal ray L is parallel to the optical axis 02 and the prism surface 9j
Suppose that it is incident on. If the distance d from the center point Q of the prism surface 9j to the image sensor 11 is 40 mm as in FIG. 7, the outgoing light flux K3 and the outgoing light flux j3 at 20 ° C. and the outgoing light flux K4 at 60 ° C. The measurement error in the image sensor 11 from j4 is about 0.4 diopter.

Light rays passing through the openings 7a to 7f other than the principal light ray L have incident angles i and emission angles j which are not equal to each other.
Since the diameters of the openings 7a to 7f are sufficiently smaller than these circumscribing circles, there is no problem in calculating the center of gravity of the reflected light flux image P on the image pickup element 11.

Even when the eye E to be inspected is not O diopter,
Since the measurement diaphragm 7 and the separation prism 9 are arranged close to each other, the chief ray that has passed through the openings 7a to 7f of the measurement diaphragm 7 is near the chief ray L when the eye E is O diopter on the curved surface 9i. Pass through. The incident angle i to the curved surface 9i changes, but the outgoing angle j from the prism surface 9j becomes substantially equal to this incident angle i. Therefore, even when the eye E is not O diopter,
The change in the image forming position of the reflected light flux image P due to the temperature can be made sufficiently small.

The separation prism 9 separates the light beam into six beams, but the number is not limited to this. The material of the separation prism 9 is PC, but PMMA,
A material such as PS may be used, or a glass material having a large change in the refractive index with temperature change may be used.

The prism surface 9j is on the incident side and the curved surface 9i is
The same action and effect can be obtained even if the is separated from the output side and the separation prism 9 is arranged in the optical system. Further, by using the measurement diaphragm 16 having the ring-shaped opening 16a shown in FIG. 9 and the separating prism whose prism surface is an inverted conical shape, the ring image of the outgoing light flux K3 is received on the image pickup element 11, and the ring image of this ring image is received. The eye refraction value may be obtained by analyzing the shape.

FIG. 10 shows a third embodiment. The plano-convex lens 17, the prism 18 having the flat surface 18i perpendicular to the optical axis and the prism surface 18j are made of the same synthetic resin material. Here, the plane 17 of the plano-convex lens 17
j and the plane 18i of the prism 18 are ignored, and the tangent line and the prism at the incident position of the incident ray on the curved surface 17i are set so that the incident angle of the measurement light beam on the plano-convex lens 17 and the exit angle from the prism 18 become equal. The surface 18j forms an equal angle with the optical axis, and the same effect as the first embodiment can be obtained.

Even if the plano-convex lens 17 and the prism 18 are made of different synthetic resin materials, the curved surface 17i or the prism surface 18j is slightly deformed, and the curved surface 17i of the measuring light beam is changed.
It suffices that the incident angle of 1 and the exit angle of the prism surface 18j are equal. In this case, it is a condition that the two synthetic resin materials have the same temperature change in the refractive index, but the synthetic resin materials currently used have similar changes. A synthetic resin material may be selected.

FIG. 11 shows the separating prism 19 of the fourth embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of No. 1 and has a prism surface 19j composed of a curved surface 19i and a curved surface. It is provided so that the angle of incidence of the measurement light beam on the curved surface 19i and the angle of emission from the prism surface 19j are equal.

FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram according to the fifth embodiment, and the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same members. In the optical path 03 from the dichroic mirror 6 to the dichroic mirror 10, there are disposed a reflection mirror 14, a lens 15, a plate-shaped light shielding member 22 attached to a rotary shaft 21 of a rotating means 20 such as a motor solenoid, and a lens 16. There is. Here, the light blocking member 22 is covered with a light absorbing member in order to prevent reflection and scattering of the light flux, and the rotating means 2
0 is controlled by the control device 23, and the rotary shaft 21 is almost in the optical path 03.
It is above.

When objectively measuring the refractive power of the subject, the control unit 23 controls the rotating means 20 so that the light blocking member 22 is parallel to the optical axis 03 as shown in the drawing. Rotate 22. The light flux from the illumination light source 13 illuminates the anterior eye part Ef, and the reflected light flux from the anterior eye part Ef passes through the dichroic mirror 6 and is reflected by the reflection mirror 14 to pass through the lens 15, the light blocking member 22, and the lens 15. After that, it is reflected by the dichroic mirror 10 and forms an anterior segment image Pf on the image pickup element 11, and the anterior segment image Pf is displayed on the television monitor 92 as shown in FIG. 5 and is observed by the examiner. It

The light blocking member 22 is near the pupil position of the anterior ocular segment observation optical system, and the light flux from the illumination light source 13 is blocked by the light blocking member 2.
When the image is cut by 2, the image is not strongly projected on the image pickup device 11, so the light amount of the illumination light source 13 is increased and the television monitor 1
A clear anterior ocular segment image Pf with no uneven light quantity is displayed on the screen 2. The examiner performs alignment while observing the anterior segment image Pf.
After the completion of the alignment, the illumination light source 13 is turned off as necessary, and the control unit 23 controls the rotating unit 20 so that the light blocking member 22 blocks the optical path 03, thereby rotating the light blocking member 22. The method for measuring the eye refraction value is the same as in the case of FIG.

FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a sixth embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an apparatus having a function of measuring the refractive power of the eye and a function of measuring the refractive power of wearing lenses such as glasses and contact lenses. On the optical path O4 from 31 to the eye E,
Lens 32, diaphragm 33, perforated mirror 34, lens 3
5, a dichroic mirror 36, a drive solenoid 37, and a cap 39 that can be inserted into the optical path connected by an arm 38
Are arranged. Optical path in the reflecting direction of the perforated mirror 34
On the 05, a 6-hole diaphragm 40 having six apertures 40a shown in FIG. 14, a lens 41, a separation prism 42 composed of six wedge prisms 42a shown in FIG. 15, a dichroic mirror 43, and a mirror 43 are reflected. The television camera 44 is arranged in the direction of the arrow, and an optical system for measuring eye refractive power is configured.

Further, the optical path is driven by the target driving motor 45.
A target 47, a lens 48, a half mirror 49, a lens 50, a dichroic mirror 3 are provided on the optical path 06 from the target illumination light source 46 that is movable in the direction along 06 to the eye E.
6 is arranged to configure a diopter guidance optical system, and further an anterior ocular segment illumination light source 51 is provided so as to face the eye E to be inspected.

A dichroic mirror 52 and a lens 5 are provided on the optical path 07 connecting the half mirror 49 and the TV camera 44.
3. The dichroic mirror 43 is arranged. A lens 55, a lens contact member 56 to be inspected, a lens 57, a mirror 58, a lens 5 are provided on the optical path O8 from the wearing lens refractive power measuring light source 54 to the dichroic mirror 52.
9 and a five-hole diaphragm 6 having five openings 60a shown in FIG.
0 and a mirror 61 are arranged to form a wearing lens measuring optical system. The output of the television camera 44 is connected to the television monitor 63 via the image synthesizing means 62 and also to the image memory 64.

On the other hand, in order to control these optical systems and the like, an arithmetic control means 65 is provided in the block circuit diagram shown in FIG. 17, and the arithmetic control means 65 has a light source 31 for eye refractive power measurement and a cap. The drive solenoid 37, the target driving motor 45, the target illumination light source 46, the anterior ocular segment illumination light source 51, the wearing lens refractive power measurement light source 54, the mode selection switch 66, and the measurement switch 67 are connected. The output of the image memory 64 is connected to the arithmetic control means 65, the output of the control means 65 is connected to the mark generating means 68, and the television camera 44 and the mark generating means 6 are further connected.
The output of 8 is connected to the image synthesizing means 62, and the output of the image synthesizing means 62 is connected to the television monitor 63.

The light fluxes of the eye refractive power measuring light source 31, the target illumination light source 46, the wearing lens refractive power measuring light source 54, and the anterior segment illumination light source 51 have different wavelengths to be used.
Therefore, the dichroic mirror 36 has a wavelength spectral characteristic of transmitting the light flux from the eye refractive power measuring light source 31 and reflecting the light flux from the target illumination light source 46 and the anterior ocular segment illumination light source 51, and the dichroic mirror 43. Has a wavelength spectral characteristic of transmitting the light flux of the wearing lens refractive power measuring light source 54 and the anterior ocular segment illuminating light source 51 and reflecting the light flux from the eye refractive power measuring light source 31.

In the above structure, when measuring the eye refractive power of the eye E, when the eye examination mode is selected by the mode selection switch 66, the arithmetic control unit 65 turns on the anterior ocular segment illumination light source 51. The emitted light flux illuminates the anterior segment Ef of the subject's eye E, and the reflected light flux is reflected by the dichroic mirror 36, reflected by the half mirror 49 via the lens 50, and dichroic mirror 52,
The image is formed on the television camera 44 as the anterior segment image Pf via the lens 53 and the dichroic mirror 43.

Since the anterior segment image Pf is displayed on the television monitor 63 as shown in FIG. 18, the examiner observes it and performs alignment. At the time of alignment, the alignment mark generated by the mark generating means 68 is
If the image combining means 62 combines the image with the anterior segment image Pf and displays it on the television monitor 63, the alignment operation becomes easy.

On the other hand, the luminous flux from the light source 46 for illuminating the target illuminates the target 47 from behind, and the lens 48 and the half mirror 4
9. After passing through the lens 50, the light is reflected by the dichroic mirror 36 and reaches the eye E to be inspected. Measurement switch 66 during inspection
When is operated, the arithmetic control unit 65 activates the target driving motor 45 by the output from the measurement switch 66 and moves the target 47 to an appropriate position. When the eye E is an emmetropic eye, first, the optotype 47 is moved to the initial setting position by the optotype driving motor 45. After the eye E fixes the visual target 47, the eye E is sequentially moved to guide the refractive index of the eye E to the far point.

After the end of the guidance, the light source 51 for illuminating the anterior segment of the eye is turned off, if necessary, and then the light source 3 for measuring the eye refractive power.
When 1 is turned on, the light flux travels on the optical path O4, and the lens 32,
The diaphragm 33, the aperture of the perforated mirror 34, the lens 35, and the dichroic mirror 36 reach the fundus Er of the subject's eye. This fundus reflected light flux returns through the same optical path by the return hole mirror 34, and the 6-hole diaphragm 40, the lens 41, and the separation prism 42.
After being reflected by the dichroic mirror 43, the six reflected light flux images PE are formed on the television camera 44 as shown in FIG. These reflected light flux images PE are output as video signals from the television camera 44, stored in the image memory 64, and at the same time output to the television monitor 63 via the image combining means. These reflected light flux images PE stored in the image memory 64 by the control means 65.
The eye refraction value is calculated from the positional relationship of. The obtained refraction value may be displayed on the television monitor 63 together with the anterior segment image Pf or the alignment mark as shown in FIG. 18, or may be recorded on paper by a printer (not shown).

The above description is a measurement procedure when the eye E to be inspected is an emmetropic eye that does not require wearing of a spectacle lens. Accordingly, it is necessary to move the position of the unit in which the optotype illumination light source 46 and the optotype 47 are integrated from the initial measurement position so that the eye E can visually recognize the optotype 47. You can start.

The examinee wears spectacles, and when measuring the refractive index of the spectacle lens G, the mode selection switch 6
6 to operate the wearing lens inspection mode, the spectacle lens G
Is brought into contact with the lens contact member 56 to be inspected and arranged on the optical path O8. When the arithmetic control means 65 turns on the wearing lens refractive power measuring light source 54 by the output of the mode selection switch 66, the light flux travels along the optical path O8 and is reflected by the mirror 58 through the lens 55, the spectacle lens G, and the lens 57. The light is reflected by the lens 59, the five-hole aperture 60, and the mirror 61, and then further reflected by the dichroic mirror 52.
As shown in FIG. 20, five measurement light flux images PG are formed on the television camera 44 through the dichroic mirror 43. Then, similarly to the measurement of the eye refraction value, the degree of refraction of the spectacle lens G is calculated from these positional relationships.

At the time of measuring the refractive power of the eye E, the light source 31 is caused to emit light to illuminate the fundus Er of the eye E and the reflected light is detected, and the light quantity is reduced in consideration of the effect of the illumination light on the eye E. Therefore, the received signal light of the TV camera 44 is considerably small. Therefore, when the optical system on the optical path from the eye E to be examined to the television camera 44 is dirty, the illumination light is scattered even at that portion, and particularly in the case of a reflected light detection optical system, the reliability of the measured value is also lowered. To do.

In order to prevent this, the cap driving solenoid 37 is provided at the opening on the most eye E side of the apparatus, that is, the eye E side.
Is provided with a cap 39 connected to the arm 38 via an arm 38, and is moved to a solid line position when energized and to a chain line position by a return spring (not shown) when de-energized.
The cap 39 is driven by. This cap moving mechanism has a simple form and remote control is possible.In addition, if it is linked to a so-called auto sleep function that shuts off most of the power supply when the power source is cut off or not used for a certain period of time, The opening of the system can be automatically closed.

Further, the cap 39 may be controlled by the arithmetic control means 65 so as to be in a position to block the optical path even when the refractive power of the wearing lens is measured. That is, when this wearing lens inspection mode is selected by the mode selection switch 66, the power of the refractive power measuring light source 31, the target illumination light source 48, the fundus illuminating light source 51, etc. is cut off as necessary, while the wearing lens is being used. The measurement light source 54 is turned on, the energization of the cap driving solenoid 37 is cut off, and the arithmetic control unit 65 controls to insert the cap 39 into the optical path 04. The dichroic mirrors 36 and 43 have a characteristic that a light beam leaks very slightly, and the leaked light beam reaches the television camera 44 from the opening of the eye refractive power measuring optical system, but drives the cap 39 as described above. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the entry of ambient light when measuring the refractive power of the wearing lens.

The eye refracting power measuring system is not limited to a so-called autorefractometer for measuring the total refracting power of the eye E, and a corneal refracting power can be calculated by incorporating a predetermined light source and calculation software for signal light of a light beam position detector. An autokeratometer for measurement may be used. The measurement of the eye E to be inspected can be applied to a fundus camera or the like having a television observation system if the television camera 44 is also used as a wear lens refractive power measurement system.

FIG. 21 is a block diagram of the seventh embodiment. 7
Reference numeral 1 denotes a light source for measurement, and a lens contact member 7 for contacting the collimator lens 72 and the lens G to be inspected on the optical path 09.
Three- and five-hole apertures 74 and an image sensor 75 are arranged. 5
The aperture stop 74 has five openings 74a to 7a as shown in FIG.
4e, four openings 74a to 74d are arranged on the circumference, and the opening 74e is provided at the center. The image sensor 75 is connected to a drive circuit 77, and the output of the drive circuit 77 is connected to a data bus circuit 80 via an AD converter 78 and an image memory 79. In addition, the drive circuit 7
The output of 7 is connected to the image synthesizing means 81, the output of the image symbol generating means 82 is also connected to the image synthesizing means 81, and the output of the image synthesizing means 81 is connected to the television monitor 83. In addition to the image memory 79, the data bus circuit 80 includes an image symbol generating means 82 and a microcomputer 8.
4. ROM 85 storing programs of the microcomputer 84, RAM 86 for storing calculations and data,
The measurement light source control means 87 is connected, and the output of the measurement light source control means 87 is connected to the measurement light source 71.

The light flux from the measurement light source 71 passes through the collimator lens 72, is projected on the lens G to be inspected, and is refracted.
It is divided into a plurality of light fluxes by a five-hole diaphragm 74 substantially on the rear surface of the lens G to be inspected, and is imaged as a measurement light flux image P on the image sensor 75. The lens contact member 73 sets the position of the lens G to be measured in the optical axis direction at the time of measurement.

The image pickup element 75 is driven by the drive circuit 77, and the measurement light flux image projected on the image pickup element 75 is output from the drive circuit 77 as an image signal. The output image signal is digitized by the AD converter 78 and stored in the image memory 79. For the data stored in the image memory 79, the position coordinates of the light flux image on the image pickup device are obtained by the microcomputer 84, and the horizontal direction Px of the prism, which is the refraction information of the lens to be inspected, and the vertical direction are obtained from the coordinates.
Py, spherical power S, cylindrical power C, and its axis angle A are obtained.

The image symbol synthesizing and generating means 82 generates image symbols for displaying the alignment marks M and the measured values, and signals indicating these symbols are synthesized by the image synthesizing means 81 with the image signal output from the drive circuit 77. And is displayed on the television monitor 83. FIG. 23 shows a television monitor 8
3 is an explanatory view of the image on FIG. 3, in which an alignment mark M indicating the position of the optical axis is projected, and further, a 5-hole aperture 7
The light flux image Fa selected by the four openings 74a to 74e
The image of Fe is displayed.

When the lens G to be inspected is a general spherical lens, its refracting power is measured at the optical center. Therefore, while looking at the television monitor 83, the central light beam image Fe is displayed as a cross-shaped alignment mark indicating the optical axis position. Alignment is performed by moving the lens G under test so as to match M. While the lens G to be inspected is held so as not to move for about 1 second after the completion of alignment, the horizontal direction of the prism which is the refraction information of the lens G to be inspected in the microcomputer 84.
Px, vertical direction Py, spherical power S, cylindrical power C, and its axial angle A are calculated, and for about 1 second, horizontal direction Px and vertical direction Py are within predetermined values, and spherical power S, cylindrical power C, axis Angle A
When it is determined that there is almost no change in the value of, the alignment is determined to be completed, the measured value at that time is stored as the measured value of the lens G to be measured, and the measurement is completed.

FIG. 24 is a flow chart showing this operation. In step 101, a timer for measuring 1 second is cleared, and this timer is not shown in the figure, but is always incremented at regular intervals. In step 102, the measurement light flux is detected and refraction information is calculated. In step 103, it is confirmed whether or not the lens to be inspected is in contact with the position setting member. If not in contact, the process returns to step 101, the timer is cleared and the measurement is repeated. In step 104, it is determined whether the horizontal direction Px and the vertical direction Py of the prism are within predetermined values. If it is not within the predetermined value, the process returns to step 101, the timer is cleared and the measurement is repeated. If it is within the predetermined value, it is confirmed in step 105 that the spherical power S, the cylindrical power C, and the axial angle A have not changed. If it fluctuates, step 1
The timer is cleared at 01 and the measurement is repeated.

If it has not changed, step 106
Check whether or not the state continues for 1 second or more. If 1 second has not elapsed, the process returns to step 102 and the measurement is repeated without clearing the timer. If one second or more has elapsed, it is determined in step 107 that the alignment has ended, the measured value at that time is stored as the measured value of the lens to be measured, and the measurement is ended. It should be noted that the judgment in step 105 is a judgment that the prism value does not change, but the optical axis direction in which other values change or a tilting movement is detected, and in normal alignment, there is almost no change in the prism value. And any or all of the spherical power S, the cylindrical power C, and the axial angle A may be omitted.

In this embodiment, the values of the horizontal direction Px and the vertical direction Py of the prism under the condition of the alignment end are set within the predetermined values, but this range is expressed by Prentice's equation as follows: | Px | <Sx × h | Py By setting | <Sy × h, it is possible to perform measurement with a constant decentering accuracy regardless of the refractive power of the lens G to be measured, and the marking point on the lens G to be measured or the optical of the lens G to be measured. This is effective when measuring the inter-distance. Note that h is the allowable eccentricity, and
Sx and Sy can be calculated by the spherical power S, the cylindrical power C, and the axial angle A.

FIG. 25 is a flow chart showing the operation of the apparatus under the above-mentioned conditional expression. Instead of step 104 in FIG. 24, in step 111, the horizontal refractive power Sx and the vertical refractive power of the lens G to be tested are refracted. Calculate force Sy, step 112
Check if Px and Py satisfy the conditional expression.

The flow chart of FIG. 25 relates to automatic measurement at the optical center, but as shown in the flow chart of FIG. 26, it is detected that there is no change in Px and Py for a certain period of time, and alignment is completed. By doing so, automatic measurement is possible by holding the lens G to be inspected for a certain period of time even outside the optical axis. It is confirmed in step 113 that the prism values Px and Py do not fluctuate instead of the steps in FIG.

FIG. 27 is a block diagram of an eighth embodiment in which the distance between the optical centers of the spectacle lenses can be measured by using the seventh embodiment. The data bus circuit 80 shown in FIG.
A potentiometer 92 is connected via a D converter 91, and this potentiometer 92 is used for measuring the next spectacle position.

FIG. 28 shows an optical center distance measuring mechanism.
In order to hold the eyeglasses GS at a predetermined position, a horizontally movable eyeglass pad plate 93, a back-and-forth movable support column 94, and an eyeglass fixing member 95 are provided. And potentiometer 9
The second shaft engages with a rack 93a provided on the eyeglass plate 93 so as to rotate.

The nose pad of the eyeglass GS is brought into contact with the fixing member 95 to fix the eyeglass GS to the eyeglass pad 93. The potentiometer 92 rotates via the rack 93a by moving the eyeglass contact plate 93 left and right, and its resistance value changes according to the position of the contact plate 93. The resistance value of the potentiometer 92 is converted into a voltage, and the microcomputer 8 is used as the position information of the backing plate 93 via the AD converter 91 shown in FIG.
Read in 4.

When one of the test lenses G is measured, the measured value of the refracting power at this time is stored and at the same time, the position of the eyeglass pad 93 is read. Next, the spectacles GS and the spectacles contact plate 93 are switched in reverse, the other lens G to be measured is similarly measured and the measured value is stored, and at the same time, the position of the spectacles contact plate 93 is also read. The difference between the positions of the left and right eyeglass pad 93 at this time is the distance between the optical centers of the eyeglasses GS. In this case, the eccentricity accuracy is required in the horizontal direction, and by using the Prentice equation for comparing the prism values Px in the horizontal direction,
It is possible to perform measurement with constant decentering accuracy regardless of the refractive power of the lens G to be tested.

Although the measuring point itself is accurately obtained in the above-mentioned embodiment, even if the measuring point is slightly deviated from the true optical center, it can be accurately corrected by the Prentis equation to correct the spectacles GS. The distance between the optical centers can be obtained.

FIG. 29 is a diagram showing the relationship between the true optical center and the actual measurement point, and the distance between the true optical centers C1 and C2 on the left and right of the glasses GS is the true optical center distance R1. Actually, assuming that the distance between the points B1 and B2 measured by the lens meter is the measurement distance R2, according to the above-mentioned Prentice equation, B1 of this measurement point,
The eccentricity amounts Δh1 and Δh2 can be obtained from the prism value and the refractive power in the horizontal direction at B2, and the true optical center distance R1 can be obtained by correcting the measurement distance R2.

In the above embodiment, the diaphragm 74 is arranged directly on the substantially rear surface of the lens G to be inspected, but it may be provided at a position substantially conjugate with the rear surface of the lens G to be inspected. Further, although the image pickup device is used as the light flux detecting means, the same effect can be obtained by using a line sensor, a position detector (PSD), a photosensor, or the like. Further, although a diaphragm having a plurality of apertures is used as the light flux selecting means, the shape of the opening may be ring-shaped or a shape corresponding to the light flux detecting means. Further, although the television monitor is used as the display unit, a display unit such as an LED or a liquid crystal may be used.

[0077]

As described above, in the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, even if a lens made of a material such as a synthetic resin material having a large temperature change in the refractive index is used in the measurement optical system, the measuring light flux at the lens is measured. Since the incident angle and the output angle of are made equal,
Measurement error can be reduced, and cheap materials such as synthetic resin can be used, leading to cost reduction.

The eye refracting power measuring apparatus according to the second aspect of the invention is provided with a light blocking member and a control device means for controlling the rotation of the light blocking member. The manufacturing cost can be reduced, and the rotation center of this light-shielding member is located on the optical axis of the anterior segment observation optical system, so that the torque required for the rotating means is smaller than in the conventional example using the flip-up mirror, so the operation speed is increased. Since the cost of the device can be reduced and the light blocking member is always in the optical path to save space, the device can be downsized, and the light blocking member is provided near the pupil of the anterior segment observation optical system. This makes it possible to project an anterior segment image with less unevenness of light amount on the image sensor.

In the ophthalmic refracting power measuring apparatus according to the third and fourth inventions, when the sensor is shared, one is an inspection system for the eye to be inspected and the other is a wearing lens refracting power measuring system, the former most inspected side. By providing a light-shielding member that opens when the device is energized and is not energized in the opening, damage to the optical system when the device is not used normally,
Has the effect of preventing dust from adhering. Even when the device is energized during measurement of the wearing lens, by controlling so as to block the opening, it is possible to prevent the ambient light from entering the sensor when measuring the wearing lens and to increase the reliability of the measured value. is there.

In the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, after the alignment of the lens under test is completed, if the lens under test does not move for a certain period of time, it is determined that the alignment has ended, and the measured value of the lens under test at that time is automatically calculated. Since it is stored, the lens to be inspected is held for a certain period of time, and there is no need to press a switch to store the measured value, so measurement can be performed easily. The eccentricity can be measured, and the distance between the optical centers of the spectacle lenses can be measured easily and accurately.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a projection diaphragm.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a measurement diaphragm.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a separation prism.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of an anterior ocular segment image on a television monitor.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a reflected light flux image P on the image sensor.

FIG. 7 is a relationship diagram between a separation prism and a measurement light beam.

FIG. 8 is a relationship diagram between a conventional separation prism and a measurement light beam.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of an imaging diaphragm according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a separation prism according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a separation prism according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram of a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram of a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a front view of a 6-hole diaphragm.

FIG. 15 is a front view of a separation prism.

FIG. 16 is a front view of a 5-hole diaphragm.

FIG. 17 is a block circuit diagram.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of an anterior ocular segment image on the television monitor.

FIG. 19 is a projection diagram of an image of a reflected light flux in a television camera during an eye examination.

FIG. 20 is a projection diagram of a reflected light flux image on the image pickup element at the time of wearing lens inspection.

FIG. 21 is a configuration diagram of a seventh embodiment.

FIG. 22 is a front view of a 5-hole diaphragm.

FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram of a light flux image on a television monitor.

FIG. 24 is an operation flowchart.

FIG. 25 is an operation flowchart diagram.

FIG. 26 is an operation flowchart.

FIG. 27 is a configuration diagram of an eighth embodiment.

FIG. 28 is a configuration diagram of a portion for detecting a distance between optical centers of a spectacle lens.

FIG. 29 is a relationship diagram between a true optical center point and an actual measurement point.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 31, 71 Measurement light source 3 Projection diaphragm 7 Measurement diaphragm 9 Separation prism 11, 75 Image sensor 12, 63, 83 TV monitor 13, 51 Illumination light source 22 Light-shielding member 23 Control device 37 Cap drive solenoid 39 Cap 46 Visual target Light source for illumination 54 Light source for measuring lens refracting power 65 Calculation control means 56 Lens contact member 65 Calculation control means 78, 91 AD converter 84 Microcomputer 92 Potentiometer

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A lens provided in a refracting power measuring optical system is made of a material whose refractive index changes with temperature changes, and one surface is a flat surface or a curved surface having an angle with respect to the optical axis, and a specific surface other than the optical axis is used. An ophthalmologic apparatus, characterized in that a tangent to a surface with respect to one ray and an angle of the one ray are substantially equal on an incident side and an emitting side. 2. The lens is composed of two elements, a plano-convex lens or a plano-concave lens and a prism, and the plano-convex lens or the plano-concave lens is a flat surface or a curved surface having an angle with respect to the optical axis. The described ophthalmic device. 3. An eye-refractive-power measuring apparatus that shares an imaging element for measuring eye-refractive power and for observing an anterior segment of an eye, and a plate-shaped light-shielding member, and an anterior-segment observation optical system with a substantially center of the light-shielding member Rotating means arranged inside and rotating the light shielding member attached to the center, and control means for controlling the rotating means so that the light shielding member shields the light flux for anterior ocular segment observation during eye refractive power measurement. An ophthalmic device having: 4. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the center is near the pupil of the anterior ocular segment observation optical system. 5. An inspection opening for projecting a light beam onto an eye to be inspected and using the reflected light thereof, an opening for a wearing lens for inspecting a wearing lens, and a common opening for both examinations. An ophthalmologic apparatus comprising a sensor and a light-shielding member provided in the inspection opening, wherein the inspection opening is shielded when the apparatus is not energized and when the wearing lens is inspected. 6. A light beam is projected onto the fundus of the eye to be inspected through a lens, and the reflected light is received on a sensor through a first multiple aperture stop arranged substantially conjugate with the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected. An eye-refractive-power measuring system that obtains the refractive power of the eye to be inspected from the positional relationship of the light-receiving image on the sensor, and a second plurality of apertures that project parallel light to the lens to be inspected and are arranged at positions substantially conjugate with the rear surface of the lens to be inspected Lens optical power measurement that receives light on the sensor through an optical path that is partly common with the eye refractive power measurement system via the lens and obtains the refractive power of the eye lens to be examined from the positional relationship of the received light image on the sensor. A light-shielding member that opens an opening on the eye side of the first multi-aperture stop when the device is energized, and blocks the opening when the lens refractive power measurement system is functioning even when energized. An ophthalmologic apparatus comprising means for controlling driving so as to perform. 7. A light beam projecting means for projecting a light beam onto a lens to be inspected, a lens position setting means to be inspected for setting the position of the lens to be inspected in the optical axis direction, and a light beam selecting means for selecting a part of the projected light beam. Means, a light flux detecting means for photoelectrically detecting the light flux selected by the light flux selecting means, a refraction information computing means for computing and calculating refraction information of the lens to be inspected based on the information detected by the light flux detecting means, Alignment display means for displaying the alignment state of the lens, detection means for detecting the movement of the lens to be inspected from the refraction information calculated by the information of the light flux detection means, and alignment if there is no movement of the lens to be inspected by the detection means And a storage unit that stores the measured value at that time as the measured value of the lens to be inspected. 8. The refraction information of the lens to be inspected is the horizontal direction Px of the prism, the vertical direction Py, the spherical diopter S, the cylindrical diopter C, and the axial angle A thereof, and the detection means has a predetermined time, and Px and Py have predetermined values. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 7, wherein when there is substantially no change in the values of the spherical power S, the cylindrical power C, and the axial angle A within the range, it is determined that the lens under test does not move. 9. The refraction information of the lens to be inspected is the prism horizontal direction Px, vertical direction Py, spherical power S, cylindrical power C, and its axial angle A, and the detection means has a fixed time and Px and Py are spherical surfaces, respectively. Within the range of values obtained as a function of the refractive power Sx in the horizontal direction and the refractive power Sy in the vertical direction obtained from the power S, the cylindrical power C, and the axial angle A, the spherical power S, the cylindrical power C,
The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 7, wherein when there is almost no change in the value of the axial angle A, it is determined that the lens under test does not move. 10. The method according to claim 7, wherein the storage means measures and stores the horizontal position of the measured point of the spectacle lens and stores the optical center distance of the spectacle lens from the difference between the left and right measurement points. The described ophthalmic device. 11. The left and right refraction information of the spectacle lens is a prism value Px in the horizontal direction, a spherical power S, a cylindrical power C, and an axial angle A thereof, and the storage means has a spherical power S, a cylindrical power C, and an axial angle. The amount of deviation from the measuring point to the true optical center is calculated by the horizontal refractive power Sx obtained from A, and the distance between the measuring points of the left and right lenses is corrected to obtain an accurate optical center distance. Item 10. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to Item 10.