JPH064145U - Embankment block - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Structure] The plate-shaped foam bodies 1 made of foamed resin are molded into a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape so as to be stacked in a plurality of stages. Plate foam 1
The drainage grooves 3 and 4 that are parallel to the respective ridge lines are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the plate-shaped foam 1 so as to be at the same intervals from the parallel ridge lines. [Effect] By stacking the plate-like foams 1 to construct an embankment structure or the like, the loading load can be reduced, the drainage is excellent, and the plate-like foams 1 due to the buoyancy of water at the time of submergence, which have been easily generated in the past, are formed. It is also possible to avoid the movement of plants, and further, even if a horticultural plant or the like is planted on the embankment structure as a soil, it is possible to suppress the growth failure of the plants due to the retention of water.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to an embankment block used for reducing the weight of an embankment for planting greenery on an artificial base, for example.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 In recent years, in gardens built on artificial foundations such as concrete slabs, there have been many requests for greening with 5-8 m high trees and undulations on the ground surface such as mountains. However, according to the former request, the thickness of the soil layer is 1 to 1.5 m, and a load of 1.6 to 2.5 tons is applied on the artificial foundation. Will become thicker and a considerable load will be applied on the artificial substrate.

Therefore, in such a case, since significant weight reduction and uniform load are required, an EPS (Expandad PolyStyrene) block (expanded polystyrene block) used as an embankment method on soft ground is effective. Such an EPS block has an apparent density of 12 to ³⁰ kg / m ³ against the bulk density of ordinary sand of 1400 to 2200 kg / m ³ , so if it is stacked as an embankment structure on an artificial ground, The weight of the load on the top can be reduced.

However, when the EPS block as described above is used in the embankment structure as described above, the EPS block is excellent in water resistance and durability, but has a water-permeable property. In addition, the drainage required for plant growth was lacking, and in addition, because of its light weight, it sometimes floated and moved due to buoyancy during flooding.

Therefore, in order to avoid the above problems, there has been proposed an EPS block having a cavity inside, and the cavity communicating with the outside to provide water permeability (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-251521). ).

[0006]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 However, in the conventional EPS block as described above, since the structure is complicated, it becomes difficult to mold, and further, there is a problem that it takes time to mold the mold and the cost is increased.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to solve the above problems, the block for embankment of the present invention is a block for embankment made of plate-like foams stacked in a plurality of stages, wherein the plate-like foams are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the plate-like foam. Drainage grooves parallel to the adjacent ridgelines of the plate-shaped foam body are provided at equal intervals from the parallel ridgelines, and at least one of the drainage grooves is provided to the plate-shaped foam body. It is characterized in that an opening is provided on at least one side surface of the.

The material of the plate-like foam is not particularly limited as long as it has closed cells and is a lightweight foam, and examples thereof include expanded polystyrene, expanded polyethylene, expanded polypropylene, expanded polyamide, expanded polychlorinated material. Vinyl, foamed phenolic resin, foamed polyurethane, etc. can be used, and foamed polystyrene is particularly preferable in terms of durability and compressive strength.

[0009]

[Action]

 According to the above configuration, when stacking a plurality of plate-like foams in a stack to construct a civil engineering structure, for example, an embankment structure, in order to prevent the strength of the civil engineering structure from deteriorating, the plate shapes adjacent to each other in the vertical direction The foams are laid so as to be substantially orthogonal to each other, and a plurality of drain grooves parallel to the ridgelines of the plate-like foam are provided at the same intervals from the corresponding ridgelines. Since at least one of the drainage grooves is provided with an opening that opens on at least one side surface of the plate-like foam, the drainage grooves of the plate-like foams that are adjacent to each other in the up and down direction are opposed to each other. The water that has entered the civil engineering structure through the joints between the adjacent plate-like foams can be rapidly diffused in the horizontal direction for drainage.

[0010] Therefore, the above configuration can enhance the drainage efficiency of the water invading at the time of flooding, can reduce the adverse effect on the growth of plants due to the retention of water, and further, the water when the water is stagnant. The adverse effects due to the buoyancy of are also reduced.

Further, in the above-mentioned configuration, when molding the mold, it is only necessary to provide the mold with a few linear protrusions, the molding is easy, and the molding of the mold is also simple.

[0012]

【Example】

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In the embankment block, as shown in FIG. 1, a plate-like foam body 1 made of a foamed resin and molded into a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape by an in-mold method or an extrusion method is used. The shape and dimensions are, for example, 2000 ± 11 mm in length, 1000 ± 7 mm in width, and 500 ± 5 mm in thickness. The material is not particularly limited as long as it is a lightweight foam, but foamed resin such as expanded polystyrene is used. The apparent density is adjusted to 10 to 40 kg / m ³ , for example, 25 kg / m ³ (tolerance +1.5 kg / m ³ , -1.0 kg / m ³ , test method JIS K7222).

The shape and size of the plate-shaped foam 1 is not particularly limited to the above-mentioned size, but since the foamed resin plate-shaped foams 1 are laid densely to each other and used in a stacked manner, they are stacked. It is desirable to avoid the use of lifts, etc., in order to improve quietness and workability during transportation.

Therefore, the shape and size of the plate-shaped foam body 1 is such that the apparent density (kg / m ³ ) of the expanded polystyrene used is 10 to 40, which is large in the range that can be carried by one civil engineer alone. Therefore, a length of 1.6 to 2.2 m, a width of 0.8 to 1.1 m, and a thickness of 0.4 to 0.6 m are preferably used.

However, as will be described later, when the embankment blocks 10 are stacked in a plurality of steps to form a civil engineering structure, the strength of the civil engineering structure is not reduced, and therefore, the plate-shaped foams 1 adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction are It is necessary that the joints formed between them do not overlap between the vertically adjacent steps, and the shape and dimensions should be such that the length-width ratio of the foamed resin plate 1 is 2: 1. It is desirable to decide.

In order to improve the drainage performance of a civil engineering structure in which a large number of embankment blocks 10 are stacked, for example, an embankment structure, the plate-shaped foam 1 has upper and lower end surfaces in the thickness direction thereof. Drain grooves 2, 3, 4, 5 that intersect vertically and horizontally are formed on the lower surface in the same shape. Further, a communication groove 2'for communicating water through the drain grooves 2, 3, 4, on the upper and lower surfaces. 3'and 4'are provided on the first side surface 1a, which is one side surface in the longitudinal direction of the plate-shaped foam 1.

Next, the drainage grooves 2, 3, 4, 5 and the communication grooves 2 ′, 3 ′, 4 ′ described above will be described in more detail. First, the upper surface and the lower surface of the plate-shaped foam body 1 will be described. A central drainage groove 2 is provided at the center of the plate-shaped foam 1 in the longitudinal direction so as to be parallel to the longitudinal end face of the plate-shaped foam 1, that is, the longitudinal ridge line. Further, a central communication groove 2'communicating the central drainage grooves 2, 2 on the upper and lower surfaces of the plate-shaped foam 1 is provided on the first longitudinal side surface 1a.

Further, a pair of first drainage grooves 3, 3 are provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the plate-shaped foam body 1 in parallel with the central drainage groove 2 and the longitudinal ridgeline, and sandwich the central drainage groove 2. And the distance to the central drainage groove 2 is 1/8 of the length of the plate-shaped foam 1 in the longitudinal direction.

Further, a pair of first communication grooves 3 ', 3'communicating the respective first drainage grooves 3 ... On the upper and lower surfaces of the plate-like foam 1 are parallel to each other and the first side surface 1a is formed. It is provided in.

Further, on the upper surface and the lower surface of the plate-like foam body 1, a pair of second drainage grooves 4, 4 are provided in parallel with the central drainage groove 2 and sandwiching the central drainage groove 2, and above it. , Is formed at a distance of ⅛ of the length in the longitudinal direction from the ridgeline in the longitudinal direction. Further, a pair of second communication grooves 4 ', 4', which respectively communicate the second drainage grooves 4 ... On the upper and lower surfaces of the plate-like foam 1, are provided on the first side face 1a in parallel with each other. ing.

In addition, each drainage groove 2, 3, 4 as described above is provided with each opening 2a, 3a, 4a that opens to the first side surface 1a, but the other one with respect to the first side surface 1a. It is formed so as not to reach the second side surface 1b which is the longitudinal side surface, that is, not to open. As a result, as will be described later, when constructing an embankment structure or the like, by constructing the second side face 1b so as to face the soil, each drainage trench 2, 3, 4 and each communication trench 2 '・ It is possible to avoid clogging by 3 '・ 4' soil.

Further, on the upper surface of the plate-shaped foam body 1, a pair of third drainage grooves 5 intersecting the above-mentioned respective central, first and second drainage grooves 2, 3, 3, 4, 4 respectively at substantially right angles. 5 are provided so as to be parallel to each other, and further, such third drainage grooves 5, 5 are provided on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the plate foam 1, that is, from the ridgeline in the lateral direction. The foamed body 1 is formed so as to have an interval of ⅛ of the length in the longitudinal direction, and is formed so as not to open on each of the third side surfaces 1c, 1c which are both longitudinal end surfaces of the plate-shaped foamed body 1. Has been done. Although not shown, the plate-like foam 1 may be formed so as not to open only on one end face in the longitudinal direction.

On the other hand, also on the lower surface of the plate-shaped foam 1, each drainage groove 5, 5 is formed similarly to the upper surface, and each such drainage groove 3, 4, 5 is formed in each central drainage groove 2. -The imaginary plane including 2 is defined as the plane of symmetry, and both sides thereof are formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the plate-shaped foam body 1 so as to intersect each other vertically and horizontally.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2B, each of the first drainage groove 3 and the second drainage groove 4 is directed toward the first side face 1a, that is, each of the first series of communication grooves 3 ′ · 3 ′ or It is formed so that the depth increases in order toward the second communication grooves 4 ', 4', and prevents water from staying in each of the first drainage grooves 3 and the second drainage grooves 4 to improve drainage performance. ing.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), the depth of each of the third drainage grooves 5, 5 gradually increases toward the first drainage groove 3 and the second drainage groove 4, respectively. However, in the portion facing the first drainage groove 3 and the second drainage groove 4, it is formed to be shallower than the depth of the first drainage groove 3 and the second drainage groove 4.

As a result, the water that has flowed into each of the third drainage channels 5 and 5 quickly flows into each of the communication channels 3 ′ and 4 ′ through each of the first drainage channel 3 and the second drainage channel 4 and flows backward. Are prevented, and the retention of water is avoided.

Therefore, since the third drainage grooves 5, 5 are formed in this way, the third drainage grooves 5, 5 facing the central drainage groove 2 also have a shallow depth, and the central drainage groove 2 It is possible to quickly drain the water that has flowed into the first drainage channel 3 through the third drainage channels 5 and 5.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the stacking method for constructing the embankment structure on the artificial substrate 6 using the above-mentioned embankment block 10 will be described. First, the embankment block 10, The drainage plate 7 for artificial ground is laid on the substantially horizontal artificial ground 6, and the permeable sheet 8 for artificial base is laid on it.

Subsequently, the buoyancy reducing block 9 is placed on the base portion of the embankment block 10 to be stacked on the water-permeable sheet 8 for artificial base, which will be described later, and the embankment block 10 is stacked thereon.

After that, on the slope of the above-mentioned embankment structure, the soil 11, which is a soil for cultivating horticultural plants, is covered in a mountain-building style, and although not shown, vegetation such as horticultural plants is planted on the soil 11. Has been.

At this time, the drainage grooves 2, 3, 4, 5 on the upper surface of each embankment block 10 facing the soil 11 and the communication grooves 2 ′, 3 ′, 4 ′ on the side surface are formed by the soil 11. In order to prevent clogging, a plate-shaped lightweight drainage material 12 is sandwiched on the upper surface of each embankment block 10 facing the soil 11.

Further, in the above-mentioned embankment structure, an adjustment plate 13 made of reinforced concrete for level adjustment of each embankment block 10 and a drain pipe 14 made of reinforced concrete having a substantially U shape are appropriately provided.

Further, a reinforced concrete earth retaining portion 17 is erected on the artificial ground 6 at the foot of the soil 11 which is inclined like a mountain skirt, with a gravel gravel 15 and a drainage material 16 interposed therebetween. A drainage hole 17a is formed in the earth retaining portion 17 so that water in the embankment structure can be quickly discharged to the outside. Also, for the sake of beauty, a pseudo rock part 18 is installed near the drain hole 17a.

Next, a method of stacking the above-mentioned embankment blocks 10 will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, first, as the first step, the thickness direction is made vertical and the layers are closely adhered to each other and the width direction is made. Are laid one on top of the other, offset by half of their length in the longitudinal direction.

Therefore, at the longitudinal end of each of the embankment blocks 10 ... In the first stage, the first end formed by cutting the embankment block 10 at a position 1/4 in length from the longitudinal end thereof. The partial blocks 10 'and the remaining second end blocks 10 "are alternately arranged so as to be adjacent to each other in the width direction.

Subsequently, as a second stage (indicated by a chain double-dashed line in FIG. 4), the longitudinal direction of the embankment block 10 is orthogonal to the first stage, and the first stage and the second stage. Stack them in the same manner as above, sticking them to each other so that the joints with the eyes do not overlap in the normal direction.

Next, although not shown, similar to the first step, the second step and the second step are stacked in close contact with each other. By repeating this stacking method, the plate-shaped foam bodies 1 are stacked up to the required height to construct the embankment structure. The part protruding from the set structure shape is cut with hot nichrome wire. Although not shown, each embankment block 10, the first end block 10 ′, and the second end block 10 ″ each have a drainage groove 2, 3, 4, 5 on the surface facing the soil 11. Are not opened, and the communication grooves 2 ′, 3 ′, 4 ′ are arranged so as not to face.

By stacking the embankment blocks 10 in this manner, the first drainage groove 3 and the second drainage groove 4 are parallel to the corresponding ridgelines of the plate-shaped foam 1 and are equidistant (plate-shaped). Since it is provided 1/8 of the length of the foaming body 1, it is possible to face the first drainage groove 3 and the second drainage groove 4 of each embankment block 10 which are vertically adjacent to each other. It is possible to configure a drainage system that communicates in the vertical direction through the openings 3 a and 4 a, the third drainage grooves 5 and 5, and the communication grooves 3 ′ and 4 ′.

[0039] This makes it possible to quickly and reliably disperse the water that has entered the embankment structure in the horizontal direction and drain it downward when it is submerged due to rain or the like. It can prevent stagnation.

As described above, in the embankment block 10 of the above-described embodiment, each drainage groove 2, 3, 4, 5 and the communication groove 2 ′, 3 ′, 4 ′ is considered in consideration of the stacking method of the embankment block 10. However, since the water is placed to maximize their drainage function, water that enters the embankment structure can be quickly drained during flooding due to rain, etc. It is possible to avoid obstacles to the growth of the plants planted above, such as root rot, and also to prevent the embankment block 10 from moving due to the buoyancy of water, and to prevent the soil 11 from collapsing.

As a result, the embankment block 10 can form an embankment structure suitable for plant growth while significantly reducing the load, and can avoid obstacles during flooding. It can be suitably used for embankment structures such as artificial foundations where the load is limited.

In addition, in the above-mentioned configuration, since the drain grooves 2, 3, 4, 5 having a simple shape may be formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the plate-shaped foam body 1 and the first side surface 1a, it is possible to form the drain grooves 2, 3 Compared with the embankment block with cavities, the molding difficulty can be reduced, and the molds can be molded and changed easily, and the cost increase can be avoided.

The drains 2, 3, 4 may be provided so as to open on the second side face 1b, but in this case, the openings for the drains 2, 3, 4 facing the soil 11 are formed. It is desirable to install the lightweight drainage material 12 on the side surfaces of the embankment block 10, the first end block 10 ′, and the second end block 10 ″ so as to cover the blocks.

In the above-mentioned configuration, the example in which the central drainage groove 2 is provided has been described, but even if the central drainage groove 2 is omitted, the same action and effect as described above are obtained. However, when stacking the embankment blocks 10 as described above, a clearance (5 to 20 mm) as a gap is usually created in the joint between the embankment blocks 10 that are horizontally adjacent to each other. By providing two, it is possible to communicate between joints adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction, and each joint is passed through the central drainage groove 2 to each first communicating groove 3 '・ 3' and each first joint. Since it can communicate with the drainage groove 3, the drainage property of the embankment structure can be improved.

[0045]

[Effect of device]

 As described above, the embankment block of the present invention is an embankment block composed of a plate-like foam that is stacked in a plurality of stages, and the plate-like foam has an upper surface and a lower surface that are adjacent to the plate-like foam. Drain grooves parallel to the ridge line are provided at equal intervals from the parallel ridge line, and at least one of the drain grooves is at least one side surface of the plate-like foam body. The structure is provided with an opening that opens to the.

Therefore, in the above configuration, when the embankment structure is built up by stacking, the placing load can be lightened, the drainage is excellent, and the movement due to the buoyancy of water at the time of flooding, which has been easy to occur in the past, is avoided. In addition, even if horticultural plants are planted on the embankment structure as soil, it is possible to prevent plant growth damage due to water retention, making it ideal for artificial gardens on artificial foundations with a limited loading capacity. It can be preferably used.

In addition, in the above-mentioned configuration, since it is sufficient to form drainage grooves having a simple shape on the upper and lower surfaces of the plate-shaped foam, it is difficult to form a complicated shape such as forming a cavity inside as in the conventional case. Difficulty can be alleviated, and molds can be easily molded, which can avoid an increase in cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embankment block of the present invention.

2 is a sectional view of the embankment block, FIG. 2 (a) is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 (b) is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG.
FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of an embankment structure showing an example of use of the embankment block.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a main part of an embankment structure showing a method of stacking the embankment blocks.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Foamed Resin Plate 3 First Drain 3a Opening 4 Second Drain 4a Opening 5 Third Drain

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A block for embankment composed of plate-like foams stacked in a plurality of stages, wherein the blocks are parallel to the upper and lower surfaces of the plate-like foam and to adjacent ridgelines of the plate-like foam. The drainage grooves are respectively provided at the same intervals from the parallel ridgelines, and at least one of the drainage grooves is provided with an opening opening on at least one side surface of the plate-like foam. Block for embankment characterized by being