JPH06313445A - Sprag for clutch - Google Patents

Sprag for clutch

Info

Publication number
JPH06313445A
JPH06313445A JP5119853A JP11985393A JPH06313445A JP H06313445 A JPH06313445 A JP H06313445A JP 5119853 A JP5119853 A JP 5119853A JP 11985393 A JP11985393 A JP 11985393A JP H06313445 A JPH06313445 A JP H06313445A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
sprag
surface roughness
clutch
oil film
inner ring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP5119853A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2869293B2 (en
Inventor
Kazuyoshi Harimoto
一由 針本
Shingo Kono
信吾 河野
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NTN Corp
Original Assignee
NTN Corp
NTN Toyo Bearing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NTN Corp, NTN Toyo Bearing Co Ltd filed Critical NTN Corp
Priority to JP5119853A priority Critical patent/JP2869293B2/en
Publication of JPH06313445A publication Critical patent/JPH06313445A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2869293B2 publication Critical patent/JP2869293B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches
    • F16D41/06—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface
    • F16D41/069—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface the intermediate members wedging by pivoting or rocking, e.g. sprags
    • F16D41/07—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface the intermediate members wedging by pivoting or rocking, e.g. sprags between two cylindrical surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches
    • F16D41/06—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface
    • F16D2041/0603—Sprag details

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a sprag for a clutch, wherein the front surface is excellent in forming oil film, and having long life regardless of surface roughness. CONSTITUTION:Fine recessed and projecting parts whose surface roughness is RMS 0.09mum or more when the surface roughness of the sprag outer surface is indicated by a parameter RNS are formed on the outer surface of a sprag 11 to be used for a clutch, and the parameter SK value of the surface roughness of the recessed and projecting part is so set as to be minus, thereby the oil film forming rate of the outer surface is improved, and the long life is made possible.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、回転を伝達したり解
放したりするクラッチに使用するスプラグに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sprag used for a clutch that transmits and releases rotation.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】例えば、一方向の回転伝達にスプラグを
使用したワンウェイクラッチは広く一般に用いられてお
り、使用するスプラグには、ディスエンゲージタイプ
（図１）とエンゲージタイプ（図２）の二種類があり、
何れも外輪回転のときのスプラグの挙動によってわかれ
る。2. Description of the Related Art For example, a one-way clutch using a sprag for one-way rotation transmission is widely used, and there are two types of sprags, a disengage type (Fig. 1) and an engage type (Fig. 2). There is
Both are determined by the behavior of the sprag when the outer ring rotates.

【０００３】前者のディスエンゲージタイプのスプラグ
は、図１において、スプラグ１の重心Ｇが外輪２の接点
Ａにおける法線より左側にあると、遠心力Ｃはリボンス
プリング３のスプリング力Ｆに抗して接点Ａを中心とし
て同図時計方向に回転し、スプラグ１は内輪４の軌道面
から離れる。In the former disengagement type sprag, when the center of gravity G of the sprag 1 is on the left side of the normal line at the contact point A of the outer ring 2 in FIG. 1, the centrifugal force C resists the spring force F of the ribbon spring 3. And rotates clockwise around the contact point A, and the sprag 1 separates from the raceway surface of the inner ring 4.

【０００４】このようにディスエンゲージタイプのスプ
ラグ１は、外輪２の高速で空転するときのスプラグ１の
摩耗を少なくすることができるが、内輪４との接触は生
じる。As described above, the disengagement type sprag 1 can reduce wear of the sprag 1 when the outer ring 2 idles at a high speed, but contact with the inner ring 4 occurs.

【０００５】また、エンゲージタイプのスプラグ１１
は、図２においてスプラグ１１の重心Ｇがスプラグ１１
の外輪２との接点Ａにおける法線よりも右側にあると遠
心力Ｃが働き、スプラグ１１には接点Ａを中心として同
図反時計方向に回転使用とする力が生じ、スプラグ１１
が反時計方向へ回転するとスプラグ高さが高くなるの
で、内輪４とスプラグ１１が接触する。Also, an engagement type sprag 11
2 is the center of gravity G of the sprag 11 in FIG.
When it is on the right side of the normal line at the contact point A with the outer ring 2, the centrifugal force C acts, and the sprag 11 is rotated around the contact point A in the counterclockwise direction in FIG.
When is rotated counterclockwise, the sprag height increases, so that the inner ring 4 and the sprag 11 come into contact with each other.

【０００６】従って、エンゲージタイプのスプラグ１１
は外輪２が高速で回転している状態でワンウェイクラッ
チを噛合させる必要があるときに使用される。Therefore, the engagement type sprag 11
Is used when it is necessary to engage the one-way clutch while the outer ring 2 is rotating at high speed.

【０００７】[0007]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記のように、スプラ
グ１、１１は、リボンスプリング３によって常に内輪軌
道面と滑りを伴なう状態で接触しているため、潤滑条
件、内輪軌道面及びスプラグカム面の面粗さ等の条件に
より、内輪軌道面４、スプラグ１、１１のカム面に摩耗
及びピーリング現象が発生し、短寿命であるという問題
がある。As described above, since the sprags 1 and 11 are always in contact with the inner ring raceway surface by the ribbon spring 3 in a slipping state, the lubrication conditions, the inner ring raceway surface and the sprag cams are kept. Depending on conditions such as surface roughness of the surfaces, wear and peeling phenomena occur on the inner ring raceway surface 4 and the cam surfaces of the sprags 1 and 11, and there is a problem that the life is short.

【０００８】スプラグ１、１１におけるカム面及び内輪
軌道面の寿命は、双方の面の表面粗さが重要な因子であ
ることは良く知られており、従来、スプラグのカム面及
び内輪軌道面の仕上げをできるだけ滑らかな面にするの
がよいと考えられていたが、通常、カム面の仕上面はタ
ンブラー仕上でＲｍａｘ２〜４μｍで接触面としては良
好とは言えない。It is well known that the surface roughness of the cam surface and the inner ring raceway surface of the sprags 1 and 11 is an important factor. It was thought that the finish should be as smooth as possible, but normally, the finished surface of the cam surface is a tumbler finish and Rmax is 2 to 4 μm, which is not a good contact surface.

【０００９】従って、スプラグ１、１１においては、カ
ム面及び内輪軌道面の摩耗と損傷を防止し、耐久性を向
上させる手段の開発が強く望まれている。Therefore, in the sprags 1 and 11, it has been strongly desired to develop means for preventing wear and damage of the cam surface and the inner ring raceway surface and improving durability.

【００１０】そこでこの発明は、上記のような問題点を
解決するためになされたものであり、スプラグのカム面
と内輪軌道面との接触部は、可成り厳しい境界潤滑領域
で、局部的に金属接触状態で表面損傷が生じやすい使用
条件であり、スプラグのカム面側に接触面における油膜
の形成に優れた表面状態を与え、相手内輪軌道面の面粗
さの良否何れにも対応できる長寿命のクラッチ用スプラ
グを提供することを課題としている。Therefore, the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the contact portion between the cam surface of the sprag and the inner ring raceway surface is in a considerably severe boundary lubrication region and locally. It is a usage condition where surface damage is likely to occur in the metal contact state, gives a surface state excellent in the formation of an oil film on the contact surface on the cam surface side of the sprag, and a length that can correspond to both the surface roughness of the mating inner ring raceway surface It is an object to provide a clutch sprag having a long life.

【００１１】[0011]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記のような課題を解決
するため、この発明は、スプラグ外表面に、スプラグ外
表面の面粗さをパラメータＲＭＳで表示したとき、ＲＭ
Ｓ０．０９μｍ以上となる微小な凹凸を形成し、かつ凹
凸の面粗さのパラメータＳＫ値がマイナスとなるように
した構成を採用したものである。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an RM when the surface roughness of the sprag outer surface is displayed by a parameter RMS.
The configuration adopts a configuration in which minute unevenness having a value of S0.09 μm or more is formed and the parameter SK value of the surface roughness of the unevenness is negative.

【００１２】[0012]

【作用】スプラグの外表面をランダムな微小粗面に形成
し、この微小面の面粗さをパラメータＲＭＳで表示した
とき、ＲＭＳ０．０９μｍ以上となるようにし、合せて
パラメータＳＫ値を幅方向、周方向ともマイナスとした
ので、スプラグカム面の油膜形成率が向上し、十分な油
膜厚さを確保して接触部の金属接触を抑え、相手内輪軌
道面の面粗さのいかんかかわらずスプラグのカム面にピ
ーリング損傷や摩耗の発生がなく、クラッチの長寿命を
得ることができる。When the outer surface of the sprag is formed into a random minute rough surface, and the surface roughness of this minute surface is expressed by the parameter RMS, RMS is set to 0.09 μm or more, and the parameter SK value is adjusted in the width direction. Since the circumferential direction is also negative, the oil film formation rate on the sprag cam surface is improved and a sufficient oil film thickness is secured to suppress metal contact at the contact part, regardless of the surface roughness of the mating inner ring raceway surface. There is no peeling damage or wear on the surface, and a long service life of the clutch can be obtained.

【００１３】[0013]

【実施例】以下、この発明の実施例を添付図面の図２乃
至図５に基づいて説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5 of the accompanying drawings.

【００１４】図２に示したように、クラッチの一つであ
るワンウェイクラッチに用いたエンゲージタイプのスプ
ラグ１１において、スプラグ１１のカム面がランダムな
方向の微小粗面１１ａに形成され、この微小粗面１１ａ
は、面粗さをカム面の幅方向と周方向のそれぞれを求め
てパラメータＲＭＳ（自乗平均平方根粗さ）で表示した
とき、ＲＭＳ０．０９μｍ以上とすると共に、表面粗さ
のパラメータＳＫ値が軸方向、円周方向ともマイナス、
好ましくは平均値−１．６以下になっている。As shown in FIG. 2, in the engagement-type sprag 11 used in the one-way clutch which is one of the clutches, the cam surface of the sprag 11 is formed into a minute rough surface 11a in random directions. Surface 11a
Is RMS 0.09 μm or more when the surface roughness is calculated in the width direction and the circumferential direction of the cam surface and displayed as a parameter RMS (root mean square roughness), and the parameter SK value of the surface roughness is the axis. Minus direction,
The average value is preferably −1.6 or less.

【００１５】上記のようなカム面の粗面条件を得るため
の表面加工処理は、特殊なバレル研磨によって、所望す
る仕上面を得ることができる。In the surface processing for obtaining the rough surface condition of the cam surface as described above, a desired finished surface can be obtained by special barrel polishing.

【００１６】前記パラメータＳＫ値とは、分布の比対称
性を知る目安の統計量であり、表面粗さの分布曲線の歪
み度（ＳＫＥＷＮＥＳＳ）を指し、ガウス分布のような
対称形分布はＳＫ値が０となるが、パラメータＳＫ値を
周方向、幅方向ともマイナス、好ましくは平均値−１．
６以下とした設定値は、表面凹部の形状、分布が加工条
件により油膜形成に有利な範囲である。The parameter SK value is a statistic that is a standard for knowing the relative symmetry of the distribution, and indicates the degree of distortion (SKEWNESS) of the distribution curve of the surface roughness, and the symmetric distribution such as the Gaussian distribution has the SK value. Is 0, but the parameter SK value is negative in both the circumferential direction and the width direction, preferably the average value −1.
The set value of 6 or less is a range in which the shape and distribution of the surface recesses are advantageous for oil film formation depending on the processing conditions.

【００１７】前記したスプラグの外表面は相手内輪軌道
面の仕上面粗さの悪い条件においても、油膜の形成能力
に優れ、十分な油膜厚さを確保し、接触部の金属接触を
極力押える。The outer surface of the sprag described above has an excellent oil film forming ability even under the condition that the surface roughness of the mating inner ring raceway surface is poor, ensures a sufficient oil film thickness, and suppresses metal contact at the contact portion as much as possible.

【００１８】接触部の金属接触率を下げることによっ
て、スプラグカム面の表面損傷、ピーリングやピーリン
グからの異常摩耗、剥離を防止し、空転時の損傷を防止
して耐久性の向上がはかられる。By lowering the metal contact rate of the contact portion, surface damage of the sprag cam surface, peeling, abnormal wear from the peeling, and peeling can be prevented, and damage during idling can be prevented and durability can be improved.

【００１９】この発明のスプラグ外表面の油膜形成能力
については以下に述べる通常のタンブラスプラグとの比
較でも効果は明らかである。The effect of the oil film forming ability on the outer surface of the sprag according to the present invention is clear even in comparison with the ordinary tumbler plug described below.

【００２０】従来のスプラグと本発明スプラグの外表面
における、ＲＳＭとＳＫ値の分布測定データの結果を図
３に示すと共に、図４（Ａ）はこの発明のスプラグにお
ける外表面の仕上粗さの測定結果を示している。The results of the RSM and SK value distribution measurement data on the outer surfaces of the conventional sprag and the sprag of the present invention are shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 4 (A) shows the finish roughness of the outer surface of the sprag of the present invention. The measurement results are shown.

【００２１】[0021]

【表１】 [Table 1]

【００２２】[0022]

【表２】 [Table 2]

【００２３】試験結果は表１に示したが、スプラグ外表
面の仕上面粗さがＲｍａｘ１〜４μｍの範囲において、
従来のスプラグは、１００時間でピーリングが発生し摩
耗も進行している。The test results are shown in Table 1. When the finished surface roughness of the sprag outer surface is in the range of Rmax 1 to 4 μm,
In the conventional sprag, peeling occurs in 100 hours and wear also progresses.

【００２４】これに対してこの発明のスプラグは、Ｒｍ
ａｘ２〜４μｍの内輪軌道面を相手にして６００時間何
ら異常なく、耐久性は非常に優れ、油膜の形成が十分な
されていたことを裏付けている。尚内輪軌道面は両者と
も面粗さの突起部がやや取れたなじみの付いた状態で差
はない。On the other hand, the sprag of the present invention is Rm
This proves that there was no abnormality for 600 hours against the inner raceway surface of ax 2 to 4 μm, the durability was very excellent, and the oil film was sufficiently formed. It should be noted that there is no difference between the inner ring raceway surfaces in which both of them are in a familiar state in which the projections of the surface roughness are slightly removed.

【００２５】この試験による油膜の形成率は、図５
（Ａ）と図５（Ｂ）に示す通りであり、本発明試験スプ
ラグの仕上面の油膜形成率は、従来試験スプラグに比較
して運転開始時で２０％程度油膜形成率が向上した。The rate of oil film formation by this test is shown in FIG.
As shown in (A) and FIG. 5 (B), the oil film formation rate of the finished surface of the test sprag of the present invention was improved by about 20% at the start of operation as compared with the conventional test sprag.

【００２６】また、空転回数６．３×１０5 （７０００
ｒｐｍ×１．５H ＝７０００×９０＝６．３×１０5 ）
でほぼ完全に油膜を形成することが確認された。The number of idle rotations is 6.3 × 10 5 (7000
rpm × 1.5 H = 7000 × 90 = 6.3 × 10 5 )
It was confirmed that an oil film was formed almost completely in.

【００２７】また、ここではデータの紹介は省略した
が、スプラグ外表面と内輪軌道面とのすべり接触箇所に
おいて摩耗の軽減とすべり摩擦係数の増加防止にも効果
がある。Although the data introduction is omitted here, it is also effective in reducing wear and preventing an increase in the sliding friction coefficient at the sliding contact portion between the sprag outer surface and the inner ring raceway surface.

【００２８】なお、ディスエンゲージタイプのスプラグ
１においても、潤滑状態が悪く低速で空転する時は、ス
プラグ１が内輪４の軌道面から離れないため、表面損傷
を受けやすく、従って、ディスエンゲージタイプのスプ
ラグの外表面にこの発明の表面処理を施すと、エンゲー
ジタイプのスプラグと同様な効果を発揮することができ
る。Even in the disengagement type sprag 1, when the lubrication state is poor and the idling is performed at a low speed, the sprag 1 is not separated from the raceway surface of the inner ring 4 and is therefore easily damaged by the surface. By applying the surface treatment of the present invention to the outer surface of the sprag, the same effect as that of the engagement type sprag can be exhibited.

【００２９】本実施例は、スプラグを用いたクラッチと
して、ワンウェイクラッチについて説明したが、本発明
はこれに限らず、他のクラッチにも適用できることはい
うまでもない。In the present embodiment, the one-way clutch has been described as the clutch using the sprag, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to this and can be applied to other clutches.

【００３０】[0030]

【発明の効果】以上のように、この発明によると、スプ
ラグの外表面に、独立した微小くぼみをランダムに形成
したので、微小なくぼみは油溜りとして接触部へ油を供
給し、油膜形成に優れ、相手内輪軌道面の仕上面粗さの
良否にかかわらず、油膜形成状況は良好で、金属接触率
は小さく、表面損傷を極力おさえる効果がある。従って
スプラグを用いたクラッチの耐久性を大幅に向上させる
ことができる。As described above, according to the present invention, since independent minute depressions are randomly formed on the outer surface of the sprag, the minute depressions supply oil to the contact portion as an oil reservoir to form an oil film. Excellent, regardless of whether or not the finished surface roughness of the inner ring raceway is good, the oil film formation is good, the metal contact rate is small, and it has the effect of minimizing surface damage. Therefore, the durability of the clutch using the sprag can be significantly improved.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】ディスエンゲージタイプスプラグを用いたワン
ウェイクラッチの断面図FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a one-way clutch using a disengagement type sprag.

【図２】エンゲージタイプスプラグを用いたワンウェイ
クラッチの縦断面図FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a one-way clutch using an engagement type sprag.

【図３】ＲＭＳとＳＫ値の分布測定データを示すグラフFIG. 3 is a graph showing RMS and SK value distribution measurement data.

【図４】（Ａ）はこの発明のスプラグの仕上げ面状況を
示す概略図、（Ｂ）は相手内輪軌道面の粗さを示す説明
図FIG. 4 (A) is a schematic view showing the finished surface condition of the sprag of the present invention, and FIG.

【図５】（Ａ）と（Ｂ）は油膜形成率を示すグラフ5A and 5B are graphs showing the oil film formation rate.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１、１１ スプラグ ２ 外輪 ３ リボンスプリング ４ 内輪 １１ａ 微小粗面 1, 11 Sprag 2 Outer ring 3 Ribbon spring 4 Inner ring 11a Micro rough surface

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 クラッチ用スプラグにおいて、スプラグ
外表面に、スプラグ外表面の面粗さをパラメータＲＭＳ
で表示したとき、ＲＭＳ０．０９μｍ以上となる微小な
凹凸を形成し、かつ凹凸の面粗さのパラメータＳＫ値が
マイナスとなるようにしたことを特徴とするクラッチ用
スプラグ。1. In a clutch sprag, the surface roughness of the sprag outer surface is defined as a parameter RMS on the sprag outer surface.
When it is displayed, a minute sprinkle having an RMS of 0.09 μm or more is formed, and the parameter SK value of the surface roughness of the spline is set to be a minus value.
JP5119853A 1993-05-21 1993-05-21 Sprag for clutch Expired - Fee Related JP2869293B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5119853A JP2869293B2 (en) 1993-05-21 1993-05-21 Sprag for clutch

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5119853A JP2869293B2 (en) 1993-05-21 1993-05-21 Sprag for clutch

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP1287789A Division JPH07113385B2 (en) 1989-01-20 1989-01-20 One way clutch

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH06313445A true JPH06313445A (en) 1994-11-08
JP2869293B2 JP2869293B2 (en) 1999-03-10

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP5119853A Expired - Fee Related JP2869293B2 (en) 1993-05-21 1993-05-21 Sprag for clutch

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006292140A (en) * 2005-04-14 2006-10-26 Nsk Warner Kk Sprag-type one-way clutch
JP2008309222A (en) * 2007-06-13 2008-12-25 Ntn Corp Anti-reverse input clutch
US7484606B2 (en) 2004-10-04 2009-02-03 Nsk-Warner K.K. One-way clutch and sprag for the one-way clutch
JP2009299864A (en) * 2008-06-17 2009-12-24 Ntn Corp One-way clutch and pulley with one-way clutch built therein
US7924539B2 (en) 2004-10-25 2011-04-12 Renesas Electronics Corporation Semiconductor integrated circuit

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7484606B2 (en) 2004-10-04 2009-02-03 Nsk-Warner K.K. One-way clutch and sprag for the one-way clutch
US7924539B2 (en) 2004-10-25 2011-04-12 Renesas Electronics Corporation Semiconductor integrated circuit
JP2006292140A (en) * 2005-04-14 2006-10-26 Nsk Warner Kk Sprag-type one-way clutch
JP2008309222A (en) * 2007-06-13 2008-12-25 Ntn Corp Anti-reverse input clutch
JP2009299864A (en) * 2008-06-17 2009-12-24 Ntn Corp One-way clutch and pulley with one-way clutch built therein

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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