JPH06304811A - Cutter and manufacture thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a highly harder blade edge, strengthen joining of a blade root part and a blade part, and realize the long service life and high reliability by changing a composition continuously toward the blade edge from the blade root side in the blade part. CONSTITUTION:Powder injection molding is used to mold at least a blade part 3, and a molding material adjusted in response to a composition on the blade root part 2 side and a molding material adjusted in response to a composition at a blade edge are filled simultaneously in a single mold, and a mixed part of both molding materials is formed in the mold. Thereby, a change necessary for a continuous change in a composition in the blade part 3 is given. In this case, the blade root part 2 and the blade part 3 can be molded simultaneously, and afterwards, it is baked and sintered, and is formed as a cutter. Needless to say, only the blade part 3 can be molded. Afterwards, it is baked and sintered, and when it is joined to the blade root part 2 manufactured separately, a cutter 1 can be also formed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a blade and a method for manufacturing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, blades for cutting have been manufactured by stamping out carbon steel such as SK-5, subjecting to steps such as bending and then heat treating to improve the hardness of the blade edge. Abrasion resistance is required as the hardness of the object to be cut increases,
In order to suppress wear and maintain sharpness, only the blade part is formed of a hard material (for example, carbide), and it has been performed to join the base metal (blade base part) by brazing or welding (for example, JP-A-63-43789).

However, conventional brazing using a brazing material has a low joining strength and a large area of the joining portion, so that there are many restrictions on the shape of the blade and the thinning of the blade. It was On the other hand, in the case of direct joining such as welding, there are large restrictions on the materials that can be joined, and even if they can be joined, if the base metal and the blade part are different materials, due to the difference in thermal expansion due to the heat generated during cutting There is a problem that cracks are likely to occur at the joint portion.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has a blade having a higher hardness, and has a strong joint between the blade base portion and the blade portion. An object of the present invention is to provide a cutting tool having a long life and high reliability and a method for manufacturing the same.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a blade according to the present invention is, for example, a blade 1 in which a blade portion 3 is provided on a blade base 2 as shown in FIG. In the part 3, the composition is continuously changed from the blade base side toward the blade tip. In obtaining the blade of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, a molding material A prepared by using powder injection molding for molding at least the blade portion and adjusted according to the composition at the blade base side. The composition at the blade portion is obtained by simultaneously filling the molding material B adjusted according to the composition at the cutting edge into one molding die 5 to form a mixed portion of both molding materials A and B inside the molding die 5. The necessary changes may be added to the continuous changes of. In this case, the blade base portion and the blade portion can be formed at the same time, and then they are fired and sintered to form a blade. Of course, it is also possible to mold only the blade part, and then burnt and sinter it, and separately manufacture the blade base part (base metal)
It can be joined with to make a knife.

As shown in FIG. 3, when the blade of the present invention is manufactured by bonding the blade portion 3 whose composition changes continuously from the blade base side to the blade tip to the blade base portion 2, It is preferable to use the blade base portion 3 having the joining suitability for the blade portion on the side facing the blade portion, and to join the blade portion 3 to the portion of the blade base portion 2 having the joining suitability. The joining suitability of the blade base 2 can be realized by forming the unevenness 11 on the surface of the blade base 2, as shown in FIG. 4, for example. As shown in FIG. 5, when the side facing the blade of the blade base 2 is shaped by cutting with the energy beam 12, the unevenness 11 for imparting the joining suitability is formed by cutting. Good.
The unevenness 11 can be easily formed by adjusting the cutting conditions. In addition to this, as shown in FIG.
When the plastic working is performed, it is preferable to form the unevenness 11 at the same time by the plastic working. Of course, the plastic working for forming the unevenness 11 may be separately performed after the plastic working. The irregularities 11 can be easily formed by adjusting the plastic deformation conditions. Further, when the blade base 2 is molded by filling the molding die with a molding material, as shown in FIG. 7, the concavities and convexities 11 are formed by transferring the concavities and convexities provided in the molding die during molding. It is better to Concavities and convexities may be formed at necessary portions when forming the molding die.

The joining suitability of the blade base portion 2 can also be provided by having the joint portion 15 formed of a good bonding material at least on the side facing the blade portion in the blade base portion 2 as shown in FIG. Is possible. In this case, as shown in FIG. 9, the blade base portion 2 is the joint portion 15 provided on the blade base body 2a.
The composition may be continuously changed from the blade base body side to the blade joint surface.

When the blade base 2 and the blade 3 are joined as described above, the joining can be performed by welding using the energy beam 17, as shown in FIG.

[0009]

In the blade of the present invention or the blade obtained by the manufacturing method of the present invention, the composition of the blade provided at the blade base changes continuously from the blade base to the blade, and Even when using a high hardness material, the material difference between the blade base and the blade is lessened than before, so the bonding force between the blade base and the blade is increased and the difference in thermal expansion is also reduced. And the joining of the blade base are strengthened, and long life and high reliability are achieved.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below. -Example 1-In Example 1, the blade base portion and the blade portion were simultaneously molded using powder injection molding, and thereafter, sintering was performed by a powder sintering method.
The blade shown in 1 is obtained.

In the case of Example 1, as shown in FIG. 13, a molding material α corresponding to the composition at the cutting edge and a molding material β corresponding to the composition at the cutting edge side are placed in the mold 21 shown in FIG. By simultaneously filling and forming a mixed portion of both molding materials α and β in the mold 21, a change necessary for the continuous change of the composition at the blade portion is provided. The molding material α is produced as follows. That is, the average particle size is 0.
8 μm partially stabilized zirconia powder was used, and a binder consisting of stearic acid, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, paraffin, and polyethylene was mixed with this powder in a weight ratio of powder: binder = 100: 0: 14.7. After kneading with a pressure kneader at 140 ° C. for 2 hours and 90 ° C. for 1 hour, the mixture was cooled and pulverized to obtain a molding material α.

The molding material β is produced as follows. That is, SUS304 powder having an average particle size of 10 to 12 μm (maximum particle size of 44 μm or less) obtained by a water atomization method was used.
Powder of binder consisting of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, paraffin and polyethylene in weight ratio: binder = 10
Mix to 0:11 and 140 ° C with a pressure kneader.
After being kneaded for 2 hours at 90 ° C. for 1 hour, cooled and pulverized to obtain a molding material β.

As shown in FIG. 13, the molding materials α and β are put into an injection molding machine and injection-molded in a mold 21. That is, the molding materials α and β are simultaneously injected into the mold 21 from an injection molding machine having two injection parts to perform molding. The molding material α is injected from the cutting edge side gate 22 and the molding material β is injected from the cutting edge side gate 23 of the die 21.
Both molding materials α and β are mixed in the weld portion, and the composition of the blade portion gradually changes from the blade tip side to the blade base side.

The simultaneous molding of the blade base and the blade thus obtained was heated to 500 ° C. for 12 hours to degrease it to remove the binder, and then the processing temperature curve shown in FIG. Baking and sintering under high vacuum of 01 torr or less. The blade obtained in the above process, the blade edge is formed of partially stabilized zirconia which is a hard material and has excellent wear resistance,
The blade base is made of SUS304 and has high toughness.There is no bonding boundary because the composition of the blade gradually changes from the blade side to the blade tip, and the thermal expansion difference between the two is also in this layer. Has been eased.

Incidentally, FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing the manufacturing process in the first embodiment in order for easy understanding. -Example 2-In Example 2, as shown in FIG. 15, the blade base (base metal) 2
And the blade portion 3 are separately manufactured, and both are joined to obtain the blade 1.

In the case of Example 2, both molding materials were prepared by simultaneously filling a mold 25 shown in FIG. 16 with a molding material α corresponding to the composition at the cutting edge and a molding material β corresponding to the composition at the cutting edge side. By forming a mixed portion of α and β in the mold 25, a change necessary for the continuous change of the composition at the blade portion is provided. The molding materials α and β are the same as those used in Example 1. The molding materials α and β are put into an injection molding machine and injection-molded in a mold 25 shown in FIG. That is, the molding materials α and β are simultaneously injected into the mold 25 from an injection molding machine having two injection parts to perform molding. Mold 25
The molding material α is injected from the blade edge side gate 26, and the molding material β is injected from the blade edge side gate 27. Both molding materials α and β are mixed in the weld portion, and the composition of the blade portion gradually changes from the blade tip side to the blade base side.

The formed body of the blade portion thus obtained is 500
After heating to 12 ° C. for 12 hours and degreasing to remove the binder, the processing temperature curve shown in FIG.
Baking and sintering under high vacuum of 01 torr or less. On the other hand, the blade base 2 was produced by plastic working. That is, plate-shaped SUS304
Is punched into a shape shown in FIG. 15 by press working. At this time, the taper portion to be joined toward the blade portion is roughened by forming the ram descending speed to 60 to 120 mm / minute (irregularity formation). Punching and forming.

Thereafter, the blade base 2 and the blade 3 are combined and irradiated with a CO ₂ laser at an output of 1 kW and a scanning speed of 3 m / min, and the blade base 2 and the blade 3 are welded and joined together to form a blade 1. Got The blade obtained in the above process, the blade edge is formed of partially stabilized zirconia which is a hard material and has excellent wear resistance,
The blade base is made of SUS304 and has high toughness.There is no bonding boundary because the composition of the blade gradually changes from the blade side to the blade tip, and the thermal expansion difference between the two is also in this layer. Has been eased.

19 and 20, explanatory diagrams showing the manufacturing process in the second embodiment step by step are shown for easy understanding. -Example 3-In Example 3, as shown in FIG. 15, the blade base (base metal) 2
And the blade portion 3 are separately manufactured, and both are joined to obtain the blade 1.

In the case of the third embodiment, the blade portion 3 is obtained in the same manner as in the second embodiment, and the detailed description thereof will be omitted. On the other hand, the blade base 2 outputs a CO ₂ laser to a plate-shaped SUS304 with a density of 0.
It was cut and molded by irradiating it at 8 kW and a cutting speed of 3 m / min. However, the shaping of the taper part that is joined toward the blade part is done with a cutting speed of 5 m so that this part is roughened (concavo-convex formation). Irradiation was carried out at a rate of / minute.

After that, the blade base 2 and the blade 3 are combined to output a CO ₂ laser of 0.8 kW and a scanning speed of 3 m /
1 minute, and the blade base 2 and blade 3 are welded and joined together to form a blade 1.
Got The blade obtained in the above process, the cutting edge is formed of a partially stabilized zirconia which is a hard material and has excellent wear resistance, and the blade base portion is formed of SUS304 and has high toughness, and the blade portion has a blade. Since the composition gradually changes from the original side to the cutting edge, there is no bonding boundary, and the difference in thermal expansion between the two is relaxed in this layer.

21 and 22, explanatory diagrams showing the manufacturing process in the third embodiment step by step are shown for easy understanding. -Embodiment 4 Also in Embodiment 4, as shown in FIG. 15, the blade base (base metal) 2
And the blade portion 3 are separately manufactured, and both are joined to obtain the blade 1.

In the case of the fourth embodiment, the blade portion 3 is obtained in the same manner as in the second embodiment, and therefore detailed description thereof will be omitted.
On the other hand, the blade base portion 2 injects the molding material β into a mold having a required shape, heats the molded body to 500 ° C. for 12 hours to degrease the binder to remove the binder, and then the treatment temperature shown in FIG. According to the curve, it was fired and sintered under a high vacuum of 0.01 torr or less. The die used here is finished to have Ra = 0.1 μm or less except for the joining region of the blade portion, but the joining region is finished to have an uneven surface of Ra = 10.0 μm. The portion to be joined toward is roughened (concavo-convex).

Thereafter, the blade base 2 and the blade 3 are combined to output a CO ₂ laser of 0.8 kW and a scanning speed of 3 m /
1 minute, and the blade base 2 and blade 3 are welded and joined together to form a blade 1.
Got The blade obtained in the above process, the cutting edge is formed of a partially stabilized zirconia which is a hard material and has excellent wear resistance, and the blade base portion is formed of SUS304 and has high toughness, and the blade portion has a blade. Since the composition gradually changes from the original side to the cutting edge, there is no bonding boundary, and the difference in thermal expansion between the two is relaxed in this layer.

23 and 24, explanatory diagrams showing the manufacturing process in the fourth embodiment step by step are shown for easy understanding. -Fifth Embodiment Also in the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 15, the blade base (base metal) 2
And the blade portion 3 are separately manufactured, and both are joined to obtain the blade 1.

In the case of Example 5, both molding materials were prepared by simultaneously filling a mold 25 shown in FIG. 16 with a molding material α corresponding to the composition at the cutting edge and a molding material γ corresponding to the composition at the cutting edge side. By forming a mixed portion of α and γ in the mold 25, it is possible to give a necessary change to the continuous change of the composition at the blade portion. Since the molding material α is the one used in Example 1, detailed description will be omitted.

The molding material γ is produced as follows. That is, a powder having an average particle size adjusted to 10 to 12 μm (maximum particle size of 44 μm or less) by a water atomization method using pure iron was used, and stearic acid, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, paraffin, A binder made of polyethylene was mixed in a weight ratio of powder: binder = 100: 11, and mixed with a pressure kneader to 1
After kneading at 40 ° C for 2 hours and at 90 ° C for 1 hour, the mixture was cooled and pulverized to obtain a molding material γ.

The above molding materials α and γ are put into an injection molding machine and injection-molded in the mold 25. That is, from the injection molding machine equipped with two injection parts, the molding material α,
γ is simultaneously injected to perform molding. The molding material α is supplied from the blade tip side gate 26 of the die 25, and the blade base side gate 27.
A molding material γ is injected from. Both molding materials α and γ are mixed in the weld portion, and the composition of the blade portion gradually changes from the blade tip side to the blade base side.

The thus-obtained molded body of the blade portion is
After heating to 12 ° C. for 12 hours and degreasing to remove the binder, the processing temperature curve shown in FIG.
Baking and sintering under high vacuum of 01 torr or less. On the other hand, the blade base 2 performs injection molding by simultaneously injecting the molding materials β and γ into the mold 41 shown in FIG. Since the molding material β is the one used in Example 1, detailed description thereof is omitted. That is, the molding materials β and γ are simultaneously injected into the mold 41 from an injection molding machine having two injection parts to perform molding. The molding material γ is injected from the cutting edge side gate 42 of the die 41, and the molding material β is injected from the cutting edge side gate 43. Both molding materials β and γ are mixed in the weld part. Therefore, the blade base 2 is provided with a joint portion on the blade base body, and in this joint portion, the composition continuously changes from the blade base body side toward the joint surface of the blade portion.

The molded body obtained by the mold 41 is heated to 500 ° C.
After heating for 2 hours and degreasing to remove the binder, 0.01 to 0 according to the processing temperature curve shown in FIG.
The firing was performed under a high vacuum of rr or less to sinter. After that, the blade base 2 and the blade 3 are combined and irradiated with a CO ₂ laser at an output of 0.8 kw and a scanning speed of 3 m / min, and the blade base 2 and the blade 3 are welded and joined together to form a blade 1. Obtained.

The blade obtained in the above process has a blade edge made of partially stabilized zirconia which is a hard material and has excellent wear resistance, and a blade base portion made of SUS304 having high toughness. Since they are joined by welding, there is no joining boundary because the composition gradually changes from the blade edge side to the blade edge at the blade portion, and the difference in thermal expansion between the two is also relaxed in this layer.

25 and 26, explanatory diagrams showing the manufacturing process in the fifth embodiment step by step are shown for easy understanding. In addition to the above materials, SKD, SUS410, ceramics, etc. may be used as the material for manufacturing the blade of the present invention, as long as it satisfies the characteristics required for the designed blade and can be sintered. The average particle size, binder component, kneading conditions, sintering conditions, etc. are not limited to the above-exemplified conditions.

The shape of the blade to be manufactured is not limited to the shape like a jigsaw blade as in the embodiment,
It may be a blade used for cutting and drilling with a circular saw, a drill or the like.

[0034]

The blade of the present invention or the blade obtained by the manufacturing method of the present invention has
Since the material difference between the blade base and the blade is lessened than before,
This invention is very useful because the bonding force between the blade base and the blade is increased and the difference in thermal expansion is also reduced, the joint between the blade and the blade is strengthened, and the service life and reliability are long. is there.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a configuration example of a cutting tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a state of molding in a manufacturing example of a cutting tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing another configuration example of the blade of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a configuration example of a blade base portion of the blade of the invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an example of manufacturing a blade base portion of the blade of the invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing another example of manufacturing the blade base of the blade of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing another example of manufacturing the blade base of the blade of the invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing another example of manufacturing the blade base portion of the blade of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing another example of manufacturing the blade base of the blade of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a manner of joining the blade base portions in the blade manufacturing example of the present invention.

11 is a plan view showing a blade obtained in Example 1. FIG.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a mold used in Example 1.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of molding in Example 1.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a change over time in the heat treatment temperature of the molded body in Example 1.

FIG. 15 is a plan view showing a blade base portion, a blade portion, and a blade obtained in Examples 2 to 5.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a mold used in Examples 2 to 5.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a mold used in Example 5.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing the overall process of Example 1.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing a blade part manufacturing process of Example 2.

FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing a blade root part manufacturing step and a joining step of Example 2.

FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing a blade part manufacturing process of Example 3.

FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram showing a blade root part manufacturing process and a bonding process of Example 3.

FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram showing a blade part manufacturing process of Example 4.

FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram showing a blade root part manufacturing process and a bonding process of Example 4.

FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram showing a blade part manufacturing process of Example 5.

FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram showing a blade root part manufacturing process and a bonding process of Example 5.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 blade 2 blade base 3 blade

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tokuo Yoshida 1048, Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Works Ltd. (72) Masao Kubo, 1048, Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Works Co., Ltd. 72) Inventor Fuwa Isao Matsuda Electric Works Co., Ltd. 1048, Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture (72) Masahiro Ikegami, 1048, Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A blade having a blade at the blade base, wherein the composition of the blade changes continuously from the blade base toward the blade. 2. The method of manufacturing a blade according to claim 1, wherein powder injection molding is used for molding at least the blade portion, and the molding material and the blade edge are adjusted according to the composition on the blade base side. By simultaneously filling the molding material adjusted according to the composition in one molding die and forming the mixed part of both molding materials in the molding die, it is necessary to change the composition continuously at the blade. A method of manufacturing a cutting tool, comprising: 3. The method of manufacturing a blade according to claim 1, wherein the blade is obtained by joining the blade having a composition that continuously changes from the blade side toward the blade to the blade base. As the blade base portion, a method of manufacturing a blade characterized in that the side facing the blade portion uses a blade base portion having a joining suitability for the blade portion, and the blade portion is joined to a portion having a joining suitability of the blade base portion. . 4. The method of manufacturing a blade according to claim 3, wherein the blade has a concavity and convexity formed on the surface of the blade base portion to have a joining suitability. 5. The method of manufacturing a blade according to claim 4, wherein the side of the blade base portion facing the blade is shaped by cutting with an energy beam, and unevenness is formed by the cutting. 6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the blade base is formed by plastic working, and the unevenness is formed by the plastic working.
The manufacturing method of the described knife. 7. The molding of the blade base portion is performed by filling a molding die with a molding material, and the concavities and convexities are formed by transferring the concavities and convexities provided in the molding die during the molding. Manufacturing method of cutlery. 8. The method of manufacturing a blade according to claim 3, wherein the blade base portion has a joining portion formed of a good joining material at least on a side facing the blade portion, thereby having a joining suitability. 9. The composition according to claim 8, wherein the blade base has a joint on the blade base body, and the composition continuously changes from the blade base body toward the blade joint surface at the joint. Method of manufacturing cutlery. 10. The method of manufacturing a blade according to claim 1, wherein the blade base and the blade are joined by welding using an energy beam.