JPH061684A - Hydrazine propellant - Google Patents
Hydrazine propellantInfo
- Publication number
- JPH061684A JPH061684A JP16315792A JP16315792A JPH061684A JP H061684 A JPH061684 A JP H061684A JP 16315792 A JP16315792 A JP 16315792A JP 16315792 A JP16315792 A JP 16315792A JP H061684 A JPH061684 A JP H061684A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hydrazine
- propellant
- gas
- anhydrous hydrazine
- aromatic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、ロケット推進機関や人
工衛星の姿勢制御用推進機関などの推進薬として用いら
れるヒドラジン推進薬に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hydrazine propellant used as a propellant for rocket propulsion engines and propulsion engines for attitude control of artificial satellites.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来より市販されている無水ヒドラジン
中には、ヒドラジン（Ｎ2Ｈ4）の他に、不純物として、
水、微粒子、塩化物、トルエンやアニリンなどの芳香族
化合物などが含まれている。これら不純物のうち芳香族
化合物は、ヒドラジン製造プロセスで使用されたものが
残存するものである。特にトルエンは最大０.５％程度
含まれている関係で、市販品の無水ヒドラジンは高純度
品とは言えない。この市販のヒドラジンは、一般のロケ
ット用燃料として使用されるが、人工衛星等の宇宙機器
への搭載用ロケットの燃料としては支障が有るとして使
用されていない。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally commercially available anhydrous hydrazine contains impurities such as hydrazine (N 2 H 4 ) and impurities.
It contains water, fine particles, chlorides, and aromatic compounds such as toluene and aniline. Among these impurities, the aromatic compound remains that used in the hydrazine production process. In particular, since toluene is contained at a maximum of about 0.5%, commercially available anhydrous hydrazine cannot be said to be a highly pure product. This commercially available hydrazine is used as a fuel for general rockets, but it is not used as a fuel for rockets for mounting on space equipment such as artificial satellites because it has a problem.
【０００３】図１はヒドラジン推進薬を燃料とする推進
装置の概略を示すものであって、この推進装置１は、無
水ヒドラジンを貯液するタンク２と、ヒドラジン分解触
媒３ａ，３ｂを収容した本体後端にノズル４を設けた反
応室５とを備え、該反応室５の前方から燃料供給ライン
６を通じてタンク２内の無水ヒドラジンを供給するよう
に構成されている。この推進装置１では、燃料の無水ヒ
ドラジンを液体の状態で反応室５内に吹き出させ、これ
を前段の分解触媒３ａがガス化し後段の分解触媒３ｂで
分解して高温高圧の分解ガスとしてノズル４から噴射し
て推力を発生するが、無水ヒドラジン中に含まれるトル
エンやアニリンなどの芳香族化合物は、白金族元素を担
持したヒドラジン分解触媒に対して被毒作用を有してい
る。通常のロケットは飛ぶ時間が短いため、上記触媒へ
の被毒作用は問題にならないが、人工衛星の如き宇宙機
器への搭載用ロケットは数年〜十数年間という長期間に
わたり飛行するものなので、不純物の多い市販品の無水
ヒドラジンを燃料として使用した場合、トルエンなどの
芳香族化合物の被毒作用によって触媒が劣化し、推進力
が充分に得られなくなるおそれがある。そこで上記宇宙
機器への搭載用ロケットの燃料とする無水ヒドラジンと
しては、不純物の濃度を少なくした高純度品を調整して
使用する必要があった。FIG. 1 shows an outline of a propulsion device using hydrazine propellant as a fuel. This propulsion device 1 contains a tank 2 for storing anhydrous hydrazine and a main body containing hydrazine decomposition catalysts 3a, 3b. A reaction chamber 5 having a nozzle 4 at the rear end is provided, and anhydrous hydrazine in the tank 2 is supplied from the front of the reaction chamber 5 through a fuel supply line 6. In this propulsion device 1, anhydrous hydrazine as a fuel is blown into the reaction chamber 5 in a liquid state, and the decomposition catalyst 3a in the former stage is gasified and decomposed by the decomposition catalyst 3b in the latter stage to be decomposed into a high-temperature and high-pressure decomposed gas in the nozzle 4 Aromatic compounds such as toluene and aniline contained in anhydrous hydrazine have a poisoning effect on the hydrazine decomposition catalyst carrying the platinum group element. Since a normal rocket has a short flight time, the poisoning effect on the catalyst does not pose a problem, but a rocket for mounting on a space device such as an artificial satellite flies for a long period of several years to ten years, When commercially available anhydrous hydrazine containing a large amount of impurities is used as a fuel, the catalyst may deteriorate due to the poisoning action of an aromatic compound such as toluene, and a sufficient propulsion power may not be obtained. Therefore, as anhydrous hydrazine used as a fuel for the rocket to be mounted on the space equipment, it is necessary to prepare and use a high-purity product having a low impurity concentration.
【０００４】本発明者らは、このような高純度無水ヒド
ラジンを製造するべく研究を行い、不純物を含む無水ヒ
ドラジンを加熱保温される容器に入れ、ここで無水ヒド
ラジンをＮ2ガスで攪拌してトルエンを揮発させて除去
し、次いで該容器内に水酸化ナトリウムを導入し無水ヒ
ドラジンと混合させて脱水、脱炭酸化を行い、その後容
器内からヒドラジンのガスを取り出して常温で減圧蒸留
を行った後、冷却器で冷却して凝縮させ、凝縮物を冷却
器から取り出し且つ粒子状物質を除去することによっ
て、不純物濃度が極めて低い高純度無水ヒドラジンを製
造する方法を見出し、特願平１−２４５００６号として
既に特許出願している。この高純度無水ヒドラジンの製
造方法によって得られる無水ヒドラジンは、ヒドラジン
９９.０％以上の純度であり、不純物はトルエンが最大
0.03％、鉄が最大0.0004％、炭酸ガスが最大0.003％含
まれる程度という極めて純度の高いものが製造される。The present inventors have conducted research to produce such high-purity anhydrous hydrazine, put anhydrous hydrazine containing impurities in a container which is heated and kept warm, and here, anhydrous hydrazine is stirred with N 2 gas. Toluene was volatilized and removed, and then sodium hydroxide was introduced into the container and mixed with anhydrous hydrazine for dehydration and decarboxylation, after which hydrazine gas was taken out from the container and vacuum distillation was performed at room temperature. Then, a method for producing high-purity anhydrous hydrazine having an extremely low impurity concentration was found by cooling with a cooler to condense, removing the condensate from the cooler and removing particulate matter, and Japanese Patent Application No. 1-245006. The patent has already been applied for as an issue. The anhydrous hydrazine obtained by this method for producing high-purity anhydrous hydrazine has a purity of 99.0% or more of hydrazine, and the maximum impurity is toluene.
An extremely high purity of 0.03%, 0.0004% of iron and 0.003% of carbon dioxide is produced.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、この製
造方法によって得られた高純度無水ヒドラジンを、実際
に推進装置の燃料として使用したところ、市販品の無水
ヒドラジンを燃料とした場合に比べ推進効率が低いこと
が判明した。この効率低下の原因について詳細に検討し
た結果、高純度無水ヒドラジンを燃料として用いた場
合、噴射ガス（ヒドラジンの分解ガス、ＮＨ3、Ｎ2、Ｈ
2を含む。）中に、未反応のヒドラジンが放出されてい
ることが確認された。この原因については、高純度無水
ヒドラジンは、不純物を含む市販品に比べ反応活性が高
いため、反応器内に吹き込まれて分解触媒に接触する
と、ごく短時間で液体のガス化が起こる。このため、ヒ
ドラジンはその後のガス分解反応が充分に起きないまま
系外に排出されてしまい、その分効率が低くなるものと
考えられる。However, when the high-purity anhydrous hydrazine obtained by this production method was actually used as the fuel for the propulsion device, the propulsion efficiency was higher than that when the commercially available anhydrous hydrazine was used as the fuel. Turned out to be low. As a result of detailed examination of the cause of this efficiency decrease, when high-purity anhydrous hydrazine was used as a fuel, injection gas (decomposition gas of hydrazine, NH 3 , N 2 , H
Including 2 . It was confirmed that unreacted hydrazine was released in the above). Regarding this cause, since high-purity anhydrous hydrazine has higher reaction activity than a commercial product containing impurities, when it is blown into the reactor and comes into contact with the decomposition catalyst, gasification of liquid occurs in a very short time. Therefore, it is considered that hydrazine is discharged out of the system without the subsequent gas decomposition reaction sufficiently occurring, and the efficiency is lowered accordingly.
【０００６】本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたもの
で、推進効率の高い無水ヒドラジン推進薬の提供を目的
としている。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an anhydrous hydrazine propellant having high propulsion efficiency.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、上述した
高純度無水ヒドラジンに何らかの成分を添加することに
よって、高純度無水ヒドラジンの推進効率を向上させる
べく、鋭意研究を重ねた結果、高純度無水ヒドラジンに
微量の芳香族化合物を添加することにより、触媒の劣化
を防止しつつ、推進効率を高めることができることを見
出し、本発明を完成させた。Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted extensive studies to improve the propulsion efficiency of high-purity anhydrous hydrazine by adding some component to the above-mentioned high-purity anhydrous hydrazine, and as a result, The inventors have found that by adding a trace amount of an aromatic compound to pure anhydrous hydrazine, the deterioration of the catalyst can be prevented and the propulsion efficiency can be increased, and the present invention has been completed.
【０００８】即ち、本発明のヒドラジン推進薬は、無水
ヒドラジン中に、０.０１〜０.３重量％の芳香族化合物
を添加したものである。また上記芳香族化合物として
は、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化水素
と、アニリン等の芳香族アミンの内から選択される少な
くとも１種を用いることが望ましい。That is, the hydrazine propellant of the present invention is obtained by adding 0.01 to 0.3% by weight of an aromatic compound to anhydrous hydrazine. As the aromatic compound, it is desirable to use at least one selected from aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene, and aromatic amines such as aniline.
【０００９】[0009]
【作用】高純度無水ヒドラジンに芳香族化合物を微量添
加することにより、この推進薬を分解触媒に吹き付ける
場合に、芳香族化合物を含まない高純度無水ヒドラジン
に比べ液体のガス化反応が適度に遅くなり、ガス化した
ヒドラジンはその後のガス分解反応が充分に行われるの
で、噴射ガス中に排出される未反応ヒドラジンが減少す
る。[Function] When a small amount of an aromatic compound is added to high-purity anhydrous hydrazine, when spraying this propellant onto a decomposition catalyst, the gasification reaction of liquid is moderately slower than that of high-purity anhydrous hydrazine containing no aromatic compound. Since the gasified hydrazine is sufficiently subjected to the subsequent gas decomposition reaction, the amount of unreacted hydrazine discharged into the injection gas is reduced.
【００１０】[0010]
【実施例】本発明のヒドラジン推進薬は、不純物を含ま
ない高純度無水ヒドラジン中に、０.０１〜０.３重量％
（以下、重量％は単に％という）の芳香族化合物を添加
したものである。上記芳香族化合物としては、ベンゼ
ン、トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化水素と、アニリ
ン等の芳香族アミンの内から選択される少なくとも１種
であり、特にベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族
炭化水素が望ましい。EXAMPLE The hydrazine propellant of the present invention is used in high purity anhydrous hydrazine containing no impurities in an amount of 0.01 to 0.3% by weight.
(Hereinafter,% by weight is simply referred to as%) to which an aromatic compound is added. The aromatic compound is at least one selected from aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene, and aromatic amines such as aniline, and particularly aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene. Is desirable.
【００１１】これら芳香族化合物の添加量が０.０１％
より少ないと、この推進薬を分解触媒に吹き付ける場合
に、未反応ヒドラジンの排出を減少させて推進効率を向
上する効果が充分に得られず、原料の高純度無水ヒドラ
ジンとの差が無くなる。また芳香族化合物の添加量が
０.３％よりも多いと、推力の低下が生じるとともに、
長期使用に際し触媒活性の低下を招く。この触媒活性の
低下は、芳香族化合物のうちアニリン等の芳香族アミン
で起こし易いので、芳香族アミンを添加する場合にはそ
の添加量を０.１％以下に抑えるのが望ましい。The addition amount of these aromatic compounds is 0.01%
When the amount is less, when the propellant is sprayed on the decomposition catalyst, the effect of reducing the emission of unreacted hydrazine and improving the propulsion efficiency is not sufficiently obtained, and the difference from the high-purity anhydrous hydrazine as the raw material is eliminated. If the amount of the aromatic compound added is more than 0.3%, the thrust will decrease and
When used for a long period of time, the catalytic activity is lowered. Since the decrease in the catalytic activity is likely to occur in an aromatic amine such as aniline among aromatic compounds, when the aromatic amine is added, the addition amount thereof is preferably suppressed to 0.1% or less.
【００１２】本発明のヒドラジン推進薬の主剤である高
純度無水ヒドラジンは、特願平１−２４５００６号公報
に開示された方法によって製造することができる。この
方法では、無水ヒドラジンを加熱保温される容器に入
れ、ここで無水ヒドラジンをＮ2ガスで攪拌してトルエ
ンを揮発させて除去し、次いで該容器内に水酸化ナトリ
ウムを導入し無水ヒドラジンと混合させて脱水、脱炭酸
化を行い、その後容器内からヒドラジンのガスを取り出
して常温で減圧蒸留を行った後、冷却器で冷却して凝縮
させ、凝縮物を冷却器から取り出し且つ粒子状物質を除
去することによって、不純物濃度が極めて低い高純度無
水ヒドラジンを製造する。The high-purity anhydrous hydrazine, which is the main component of the hydrazine propellant of the present invention, can be produced by the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 1-245006. In this method, anhydrous hydrazine is placed in a container that is heated and kept warm, and anhydrous hydrazine is stirred with N 2 gas to volatilize and remove toluene, and then sodium hydroxide is introduced into the container and mixed with anhydrous hydrazine. After that, dehydration and decarboxylation are performed, and then hydrazine gas is taken out from the container and vacuum distilled at room temperature, then cooled and condensed in a cooler, and the condensate is taken out from the cooler and particulate matter is removed. By removing, highly pure anhydrous hydrazine having extremely low impurity concentration is produced.
【００１３】図２は、この高純度無水ヒドラジンを製造
するための装置の一例を示すもので、この装置は、外周
部に加熱ジャケット１２を設置して内部を加熱保温でき
るようにした容器１１の内部に市販品の無水ヒドラジン
Ａを供給する無水ヒドラジン供給管１３と、水酸化ナト
リウム（ＮａＯＨ）を導入する水酸化ナトリウム導入管
１４とを配管すると共に、底部より容器１１内へＮ2ガ
スを吹き込むＮ2ガス吹込管１５を容器１１の底部に開
口させ、且つモータ１７により羽根１８を回転させる攪
拌装置１６を容器１１内に設置する。又、上記容器１１
の頂部と真空ポンプ１９との間にガス吸引管２０を配管
して、該ガス吸引管２０の途中に、上流側から順に精留
塔２１、冷却器２２を設け、真空ポンプ１９で常時吸引
している状態で精留塔２１にてヒドラジンのガスを常温
で減圧蒸留させた後、冷却器２２で冷却させて凝縮させ
るようにし、更に、上記冷却器２２で凝縮されたものを
冷却器２２から取り出すために、上記冷却器２２の入口
側に分岐管２３を接続して、上方より順に中間槽２４、
貯留槽２５、ミクロフィルタ２６を配して、これらを上
記冷却器２２の下方に位置させ、上記ミクロフィルタ２
６の下方には製品槽２７を設置して、不純物の濃度が低
減された無水ヒドラジンが製品として得られるようにす
る。FIG. 2 shows an example of an apparatus for producing this high-purity anhydrous hydrazine. In this apparatus, a heating jacket 12 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of a container 11 which can keep the inside of the container heated and kept warm. An anhydrous hydrazine supply pipe 13 for supplying a commercially available anhydrous hydrazine A and a sodium hydroxide introduction pipe 14 for introducing sodium hydroxide (NaOH) are provided inside, and N 2 gas is blown into the container 11 from the bottom. An N 2 gas blowing pipe 15 is opened at the bottom of the container 11, and a stirring device 16 for rotating a blade 18 by a motor 17 is installed in the container 11. In addition, the container 11
A gas suction pipe 20 is provided between the top of the vacuum pump 19 and the vacuum pump 19, and a rectification column 21 and a cooler 22 are provided in this order from the upstream side in the middle of the gas suction pipe 20, and the vacuum pump 19 constantly sucks gas. The hydrazine gas is distilled under reduced pressure at room temperature in the rectification column 21 in such a state that the hydrazine gas is cooled and condensed in the cooler 22, and the condensed product in the cooler 22 is removed from the cooler 22. In order to take out, the branch pipe 23 is connected to the inlet side of the cooler 22, and the intermediate tank 24,
The storage tank 25 and the micro filter 26 are arranged, and these are positioned below the cooler 22.
A product tank 27 is installed below 6 so that anhydrous hydrazine with a reduced concentration of impurities can be obtained as a product.
【００１４】上記ミクロフィルタ２６の出側と貯留槽２
５の上部との間には循環管２８を設けて、該循環管２８
の下部にＮ2ガス吹込部２９を、又、上部に気液分離部
３０をそれぞれ設置して、Ｎ2ガス吹込部２９より吹き
込まれるＮ2ガスによりエアリフトを構成し、貯留槽２
５に貯留された無水ヒドラジンをミクロフィルタ２６を
通しエアリフトで循環させることによって粒子状物質を
除去できるようにし、上記循環管２８途中の気液分離部
３０で分離されたガスは、ガス取出管３１にて真空ポン
プ１９の吐出側に接続させるようにする。又、上記精留
塔２１に入口側のガス吸引管２０には廃気取出管３２を
接続し、容器１１内で揮発したトルエンを廃気できるよ
うにする。なお、Ｖ1，Ｖ2，Ｖ3，Ｖ4，Ｖ5，Ｖ6はいず
れもバルブである。The outlet of the microfilter 26 and the storage tank 2
The circulation pipe 28 is provided between the upper part of the
The N 2 gas blower unit 29 at the bottom of, also, by installing a gas-liquid separator 30, respectively in top, constitute the air lift by N 2 gas blown from the N 2 gas blower unit 29, the reservoir 2
It is possible to remove the particulate matter by circulating the anhydrous hydrazine stored in No. 5 with an air lift through the microfilter 26, and the gas separated in the gas-liquid separation section 30 in the middle of the circulation pipe 28 is the gas extraction pipe 31. Is connected to the discharge side of the vacuum pump 19. Further, a waste air extraction pipe 32 is connected to the gas suction pipe 20 on the inlet side of the rectification column 21 so that toluene vaporized in the container 11 can be exhausted. In addition, V1, V2, V3, V4, V5 and V6 are all valves.
【００１５】この製造装置を用いて高純度無水ヒドラジ
ンを製造するには、市販品の無水ヒドラジンＡを容器１
１に入れ、精留塔２１の入口側のバルブＶ2を閉、バル
ブＶ1を開にする。この状態でＮ2ガス吹込管１５の途中
のバルブＶ3を開にして容器１１の底部よりＮ2ガスを吹
き込み泡立たせる。このＮ2ガスの通気により無水ヒド
ラジンＡ中の揮発成分は除去されるので、無水ヒドラジ
ンＡ中のトルエンがガス吸引管２０、廃気取出管３２を
経て除去される。次に、Ｎ2ガス吹込管１５の途中のバ
ルブＶ3と廃気取出管３２の途中のバルブＶ1を閉じて、
容器１１内に水酸化ナトリウムを水酸化ナトリウム導入
管１４より導入し、攪拌装置１６を作動させて無水ヒド
ラジンＡに混入させ、水酸化ナトリウムで脱水、脱炭酸
化を行わせる。次いで、容器１１内を加熱ジャケット１
２によりヒドラジンの沸点以上にし且つ真空ポンプ１９
を作動させ、更にガス吸引管２０のバルブＶ2，Ｖ4を
開、分岐管２３のバルブＶ5を閉にして、容器１１内の
ガスをガス吸引管２０を通し精留塔２１内に吸引させ
る。このとき、先に容器１１内に吹き込まれたＮ2ガス
もガス化されたヒドラジンとともに精留塔２１内に入
る。To produce high-purity anhydrous hydrazine using this production apparatus, commercially available anhydrous hydrazine A is used in the container 1
1, the valve V2 on the inlet side of the rectification column 21 is closed and the valve V1 is opened. In this state, the valve V3 in the middle of the N 2 gas blowing pipe 15 is opened to blow N 2 gas from the bottom of the container 11 to make bubbles. Since the volatile components in the anhydrous hydrazine A are removed by this N 2 gas ventilation, the toluene in the anhydrous hydrazine A is removed through the gas suction pipe 20 and the waste air extraction pipe 32. Next, the valve V3 in the middle of the N 2 gas blowing pipe 15 and the valve V1 in the middle of the waste gas extraction pipe 32 are closed,
Sodium hydroxide is introduced into the container 11 through the sodium hydroxide introducing pipe 14, the stirring device 16 is operated to mix it with anhydrous hydrazine A, and dehydration and decarboxylation are performed with sodium hydroxide. Next, the inside of the container 11 is heated to the heating jacket 1
2 to raise the boiling point of hydrazine or higher and to vacuum pump 19
Then, the valves V2 and V4 of the gas suction pipe 20 are opened and the valve V5 of the branch pipe 23 is closed to suck the gas in the container 11 through the gas suction pipe 20 into the rectification column 21. At this time, the N 2 gas previously blown into the container 11 also enters the rectification column 21 together with the gasified hydrazine.
【００１６】精留塔２１では、常温（２５℃〜３０℃）
での減圧（１０〜１５Torr）蒸留を行い、次に、精留塔
２１からのガスはガス吸引管２０により冷却器２２に導
入され、ここで約０℃の冷却温度で冷却が行われ、該冷
却器２２には凝縮物が溜められる。上記冷却器２２に溜
った凝縮物は、該冷却器２２内から中間槽２４を経て貯
留槽２５内へ落すが、ガス吸引管２０は負圧になってい
るので、大気圧に戻した後に貯留槽２５へ落すようにす
る。そのため、バルブＶ4を閉、バルブＶ5を開にして冷
却器２２の入側のガス吸引管２０の内部を中間槽２４内
と同じ圧力にした後に、冷却器２２から凝縮物を一旦中
間槽２４内へ落し、更にバルブＶ6を開にして、中間槽
２４から貯留槽２５内へ凝縮物を落して貯留させる。In the rectification column 21, at room temperature (25 ° C to 30 ° C)
Under reduced pressure (10 to 15 Torr), and then the gas from the rectification column 21 is introduced into a cooler 22 through a gas suction pipe 20, where cooling is performed at a cooling temperature of about 0 ° C. Condensate is stored in the cooler 22. The condensate collected in the cooler 22 drops from the cooler 22 into the storage tank 25 through the intermediate tank 24, but since the gas suction pipe 20 has a negative pressure, it is stored after returning to atmospheric pressure. Try to drop it into tank 25. Therefore, after the valve V4 is closed and the valve V5 is opened to make the inside of the gas suction pipe 20 on the inlet side of the cooler 22 the same pressure as the inside of the intermediate tank 24, the condensate is once removed from the cooler 22 inside the intermediate tank 24. Then, the valve V6 is opened and the condensate is dropped from the intermediate tank 24 into the storage tank 25 for storage.
【００１７】しかる後に、上記貯留槽２５に貯留された
液体は、ミクロフィルタ２６を通した後、Ｎ2ガスによ
るエアリフトにより循環管２８を通して循環させること
により液体中に含まれている粒子状の物質をミクロフィ
ルタで除去させる。粒子状の物質が除去された液体は、
貯留槽２５から製品槽２７へ移し、製品として高純度無
水ヒドラジンを得るようにする。Thereafter, the liquid stored in the storage tank 25 is passed through the microfilter 26 and then circulated through the circulation pipe 28 by the air lift by N 2 gas, so that the particulate matter contained in the liquid is contained. Are removed by a microfilter. The liquid from which particulate matter has been removed is
The product is transferred from the storage tank 25 to the product tank 27 to obtain high-purity anhydrous hydrazine as a product.
【００１８】このようにして製造された高純度無水ヒド
ラジンは、ヒドラジンが９９.０％以上であり、不純物
としてトルエンが最大０.００３％、鉄が最大０.０００
４％、炭酸ガスが最大０.００３％含まれる程度の極め
て純度の高い無水ヒドラジンが得られる。本発明のヒド
ラジン推進薬は、このように得られた高純度無水ヒドラ
ジンに、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族化合
物を０.０１〜０.３％の範囲で添加して製造される。The high-purity anhydrous hydrazine thus produced contains 99.0% or more of hydrazine, 0.003% of toluene as impurities and 0.000% of iron as impurities.
An extremely high-purity anhydrous hydrazine having a content of 4% and carbon dioxide gas of maximum 0.003% can be obtained. The hydrazine propellant of the present invention is produced by adding aromatic compounds such as benzene, toluene and xylene to the highly pure anhydrous hydrazine thus obtained in the range of 0.01 to 0.3%.
【００１９】本発明のヒドラジン推進薬は、不純物を含
まない高純度無水ヒドラジン中に、０.０１〜０.３重量
％の芳香族化合物を添加したものであり、これを図１に
示す推進装置１の燃料として用いると、推進薬を分解触
媒３ａに吹き付ける場合に、芳香族化合物を含まない高
純度無水ヒドラジンに比べ、液体のガス化反応が適度に
遅くなり、ガス化したヒドラジンは分解触媒３ｂにおけ
るその後のガス分解反応が充分に行われるので、噴射ガ
ス中に排出される未反応ヒドラジンが減少する。その結
果、ヒドラジン推進薬の推進効率を向上させることがで
きる。また本発明のヒドラジン推進薬は、触媒の劣化を
生じない量の芳香族化合物を添加したものなので、長期
間の使用に際して触媒活性が劣化することがなく、人工
衛星の如き長期使用が必要な宇宙機器への搭載用ロケッ
トの燃料として充分に適用が可能である。The hydrazine propellant of the present invention is obtained by adding 0.01 to 0.3% by weight of an aromatic compound to high-purity anhydrous hydrazine containing no impurities, which is shown in FIG. When used as the fuel of No. 1, when propellant is sprayed on the decomposition catalyst 3a, the gasification reaction of the liquid is moderately delayed as compared with high-purity anhydrous hydrazine containing no aromatic compound, and the gasified hydrazine is decomposed by the decomposition catalyst 3b. Since the subsequent gas decomposition reaction in (1) is sufficiently performed, unreacted hydrazine discharged into the propellant gas is reduced. As a result, the propulsion efficiency of the hydrazine propellant can be improved. Further, since the hydrazine propellant of the present invention contains an aromatic compound in an amount that does not cause deterioration of the catalyst, the catalyst activity does not deteriorate during long-term use, and space that requires long-term use such as an artificial satellite is required. It can be fully applied as a fuel for rockets to be mounted on equipment.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明のヒドラジ
ン推進薬は、無水ヒドラジン中に、０.０１〜０.３重量
％の芳香族化合物を添加したものであり、この推進薬を
分解触媒に吹き付ける場合に、芳香族化合物を含まない
高純度無水ヒドラジンに比べ、液体のガス化反応が適度
に遅くなり、ガス化したヒドラジンはその後のガス分解
反応が充分に行われるので、噴射ガス中に排出される未
反応ヒドラジンが減少し、ヒドラジン推進薬の推進効率
を向上させることができる。また本発明のヒドラジン推
進薬は、触媒の劣化を生じない量の芳香族化合物を添加
したものなので、長期間の使用に際して触媒活性が劣化
することがなく、人工衛星の如き長期使用が必要な宇宙
機器への搭載用ロケットの燃料として充分に適用が可能
である。As described above, the hydrazine propellant of the present invention is obtained by adding 0.01 to 0.3% by weight of an aromatic compound to anhydrous hydrazine. When sprayed on, compared to high-purity anhydrous hydrazine that does not contain aromatic compounds, the gasification reaction of the liquid is moderately delayed, and the gasified hydrazine is sufficiently subjected to the subsequent gas decomposition reaction. The amount of unreacted hydrazine discharged is reduced, and the propulsion efficiency of the hydrazine propellant can be improved. Further, since the hydrazine propellant of the present invention contains an aromatic compound in an amount that does not cause deterioration of the catalyst, the catalyst activity does not deteriorate during long-term use, and space that requires long-term use such as an artificial satellite is required. It can be fully applied as a fuel for rockets to be mounted on equipment.
【図１】図１はヒドラジン推進機関の概要を示す概略構
成図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an outline of a hydrazine propulsion engine.
【図２】図２は本発明のヒドラジン推進薬の主体となる
高純度無水ヒドラジンの製造装置の一例を示す構成図で
ある。FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing an example of an apparatus for producing high-purity anhydrous hydrazine, which is a main component of the hydrazine propellant of the present invention.
１……推進装置、２……タンク、３ａ,３ｂ……ヒドラ
ジン分解触媒、４……ノズル、５……反応室、６……供
給ライン、１１……容器、１２……加熱ジャケット、１
３……無水ヒドラジン供給管、１４……水酸化ナトリウ
ム導入管、１５……Ｎ2ガス吹込管、１６……攪拌装
置、１９……真空ポンプ、２０……ガス吸引管、２１…
…精留塔、２２……冷却器、２５……貯留槽、２６……
ミクロフィルタ、２７……製品槽、Ａ……無水ヒドラジ
ン。1 ... Propulsion device, 2 ... Tank, 3a, 3b ... Hydrazine decomposition catalyst, 4 ... Nozzle, 5 ... Reaction chamber, 6 ... Supply line, 11 ... Container, 12 ... Heating jacket, 1
3 ... Anhydrous hydrazine supply pipe, 14 ... Sodium hydroxide introduction pipe, 15 ... N 2 gas blowing pipe, 16 ... Stirrer, 19 ... Vacuum pump, 20 ... Gas suction pipe, 21 ...
... rectification tower, 22 ... cooler, 25 ... storage tank, 26 ...
Microfilter, 27 ... Product tank, A ... Anhydrous hydrazine.
Claims (2)
量％の芳香族化合物を添加してなることを特徴とするヒ
ドラジン推進薬。1. A hydrazine propellant characterized by comprising 0.01 to 0.3 wt% of an aromatic compound added to anhydrous hydrazine.
ン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化水素と、アニリン等の芳香
族アミンの内から選択される少なくとも１種であること
を特徴とする請求項１記載のヒドラジン推進薬。2. The aromatic compound is at least one selected from aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene, and aromatic amines such as aniline. Hydrazine propellant.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16315792A JP3151939B2 (en) | 1992-06-22 | 1992-06-22 | Hydrazine propellants |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16315792A JP3151939B2 (en) | 1992-06-22 | 1992-06-22 | Hydrazine propellants |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH061684A true JPH061684A (en) | 1994-01-11 |
| JP3151939B2 JP3151939B2 (en) | 2001-04-03 |
Family
ID=15768317
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16315792A Expired - Fee Related JP3151939B2 (en) | 1992-06-22 | 1992-06-22 | Hydrazine propellants |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3151939B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4954853A (en) * | 1986-01-24 | 1990-09-04 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Optical semiconductor device |
-
1992
- 1992-06-22 JP JP16315792A patent/JP3151939B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4954853A (en) * | 1986-01-24 | 1990-09-04 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Optical semiconductor device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3151939B2 (en) | 2001-04-03 |
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