JPH06130711A - Electrophotographic device, device unit and facsimile equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an electrophotographic device, a device unit and a facsimile equipment having excellent cleaning property and durability and capable of obtaining excellent picture from the beginning to after the endurance. CONSTITUTION:An electrophotographic sensitive body in the electrophotographic device, the device unit and the facsimile equipment contains 5.0-70.0wt.% fluorine atom containing resin particle based on total weight of a protective layer in the surface protective layer and has 0.1-5.0mum surface roughness by the average surface roughness of 10 measurements or has 0.1-20.0 surface hardness by taper abrasion test method and 0.001-1.2 surface friction coefficient and the cleaning means is a rubber elastic body made blade and the linear pressure of the blade to the photosensitive body is 20.0-50.0g/cm.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrophotographic apparatus provided with an electrophotographic photosensitive member and cleaning means, an apparatus unit and a facsimile having the electrophotographic apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, an electrophotographic photosensitive member undergoes repeating steps of charging, exposing, developing, transferring, cleaning and discharging in an image forming process. The electrostatic latent image formed by charging and exposure is developed into a toner image by developing with a fine particle developer called toner. Further, this toner image is transferred to a transfer material such as paper by the transfer means, but not all the toner is transferred, and a part thereof remains on the photoconductor. If this residual toner is not removed,
It is not possible to obtain a high-quality image without stains in the iterative process. Therefore, it is necessary to clean the residual toner. As a cleaning means, a fur brush, a magnetic brush, a blade, or the like is typically used, but blade cleaning is mainly used in terms of cleaning accuracy, device configuration, and the like.

The blade cleaning will be described with reference to a specific example, as shown in FIGS. 6 (A), (B) and FIG.
As shown in (A) and (B) respectively, the blade 3 is
An elastic member 1 made of a material such as a plate-shaped polyurethane is attached to a support 2, and is configured to be pressed against the surface of the photoconductor 4 as shown in FIG. Therefore, in order to improve the cleaning accuracy of the toner, it is necessary to increase the contact pressure of the blade 3 on the photoconductor 4. Further, as the contact mode of the blade 3 to the photoconductor 4, there are a forward direction with respect to the rotation direction of the photoconductor as shown in FIG. 8 and a counter direction as shown in FIG. From the viewpoint of cleaning accuracy, the latter contact form in the counter direction is more preferable. The contact method in the counter direction for improving the cleaning accuracy simultaneously raises the contact pressure of the blade with respect to the photoconductor, thereby increasing the frictional force between them. As a result, there are problems such as a decrease in durability due to an increase in the amount of abrasion of the photoconductor, the occurrence of damage to the photoconductor, the occurrence of cleaning failure due to the reversal of the blade, and the stop of the apparatus. FIG. 10 shows a blade reversal state in which the apparatus is stopped.

It is known that it is effective to lower the friction coefficient of the photoconductor in order to solve the above problems relating to the cleaning of the photoconductor, in particular, scraping of the photoconductor, scratches and reversal of the blade. ing. Heretofore, as a method for lowering the friction coefficient of the photoconductor, many methods of incorporating a lubricant into the surface layer or the protective layer of the photoconductor have been proposed. Specifically, JP-A-52-117134 and JP-A-53-1
07841, JP-A-54-26740, JP-A-54-27434, and JP-A-54-86340.
JP, JP-A-54-143142, JP-A-54
-143148, JP-A-56-99345, JP-A-56-126838, and JP-A-57-1.
4845, JP-A-57-74748, JP-A-57-35863, JP-A-57-76553, JP-A-57-201240, and JP-A-58-58.
No. 44444, No. 58-70229, No. 58-102649, No. 58-1629.
58, JP-A-59-197042, JP-A-62-272281, and JP-A-62-272228.
JP-A-63-30850, JP-A-63-
56658, JP 63-58352, JP 63-58450, and JP 63-61255.
JP-A-63-61256, JP-A-63-63256
65449, JP-A-63-65450, JP-A-63-65451, and JP-A-63-73267.
JP-A-63-221355, JP-A-63
-249152 and JP-A-63-311356.
It is proposed in the Gazette and the like.

Known lubricants are fluorine atom-containing resins such as polytetrafluoroethylene, resin powders such as spherical acrylic resins and polyethylene resins, and metal oxide powders such as silicon oxide and aluminum oxide. In particular, a fluorine atom-containing resin containing a large amount of fluorine atoms has a remarkably small surface energy, and therefore has a great effect as a lubricant. Such a fluorine atom-containing resin is used as crystalline fine particles, and after being dispersed in a binder resin such as acrylic resin, polyester, polyurethane and polycarbonate, it is formed into a film as a surface layer or a protective layer of an electrophotographic photoreceptor. It In order for these surface layer and protective layer to exhibit a sufficient reduction in friction coefficient, it was necessary to include 5% by weight or more of fluorine atom-containing resin fine particles in the surface layer and protective layer.

However, since the fluorine atom-containing resin fine particles are merely dispersed in the binder resin, the fine particles are wrapped in the binder resin in the initial state of the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and the fine particles are directly electronized. It does not appear on the surface of the photoconductor. Therefore, the fine particles did not contribute to the friction coefficient of the electrophotographic photosensitive member in the initial state, and the friction coefficient of the binder was the friction coefficient of the photosensitive member as it was. That is, even though the electrophotographic photosensitive member has a surface layer or a protective layer containing fluorine atom-containing resin fine particles, the friction coefficient is high in the initial state, and the photosensitive member was directly installed in an electrophotographic apparatus having a cleaning blade. In particular, in the initial stage of use, since problems such as occurrence of cleaning failure due to reversal of the cleaning blade and stop of the apparatus are likely to occur, the installation method of applying toner or lubricant near the contact portion between the blade and the photoconductor Was needed.

Therefore, in an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a photosensitive layer and a protective layer on a conductive support, and at least the protective layer containing fine particles of a fluorine atom-containing resin, the surface of the photosensitive member is previously JIS standard B0601. 1 defined by
0 point average surface roughness (Rz) of 0.1 μm or more, 5.0 μm
The following methods have been proposed.

[0008]

However, in such a structure, it may not be possible to obtain sufficient cleaning characteristics depending on the structure of the device other than the photosensitive member and the environment of use.

Further, in the case of the photoconductor containing the fluorine atom-containing resin fine particles in the protective layer, the abrasion amount of the photoconductor decreases as the friction coefficient of the surface decreases, which leads to the improvement of the durability of the photoconductor. As the amount of scraping decreases, the removal of corona products generated by a charger and the like and adhering to the photoconductor and the removal of paper dust become insufficient, and the resistance of the photoconductor surface decreases, especially under high humidity. There was a problem that it was easy to cause disorder.

An object of the present invention is to improve the durability of an electrophotographic photosensitive member and to obtain an excellent image from the initial stage to the stage after the endurance, which is free from cleaning defects and image disturbance in all environments. , To provide an equipment unit and a facsimile.

[0011]

That is, the first aspect of the present invention is to:
In an electrophotographic apparatus having an electrophotographic photoreceptor and a cleaning means, the photoreceptor has a photosensitive layer and a surface protective layer on a conductive support, and the surface protective layer is 5.0 to 70 relative to the total weight of the protective layer. It contains fluorine atom-containing resin particles in an amount of 0.0% by weight, and has a surface roughness of 0.1 to 10 point average surface roughness.
An electrophotographic apparatus, wherein the photoconductor is 5.0 μm, the cleaning means is a rubber elastic blade, and the linear pressure of the blade with respect to the photoconductor is 20.0 to 50.0 g / cm. Second, in an electrophotographic apparatus having an electrophotographic photosensitive member and a cleaning means, the photosensitive member has a photosensitive layer and a surface protective layer on a conductive support, and the surface hardness is 0 by the Taber abrasion test method. 1-2
0.0, the surface friction coefficient is 0.001 to 1.2, the cleaning means is a rubber elastic blade, and the linear pressure of the blade on the photoreceptor is 20.0. It is an electrophotographic apparatus characterized by being ~ 50.0 g / cm.

Examples of the fluorine atom-containing resin particles in the electrophotographic photosensitive member used in the first invention include polytetrafluoroethylene, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polydichlorodifluoroethylene, and tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoro. Alkyl vinyl ether copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer and tetrafluoroethylene-
Hexafluoropropylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer and the like can be mentioned, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds.
The molecular weight of these resin particles is preferably 30,000 to 5,000,000 in terms of weight average molecular weight, and the particle size is 0.
It is preferably from 01 to 10 μm, and particularly 0.05
It is preferably about 2.0 μm.

In the first invention, the content of the fluorine atom-containing resin particles in the surface protective layer is 5.0 to 70% by weight based on the total weight of the surface protective layer, more preferably 10.0.
65.0% by weight. If the content is less than 5.0% by weight, sufficient lubricity may not be obtained,
If it exceeds 70% by weight, it is not preferable in terms of film forming property and sensitivity of the layer.

Further, in the first invention, the photosensitive member 10
The point average surface roughness (Rz) is 0.1 to 5.0 μm, but if Rz is less than 0.1 μm, sufficient lubricity may not be obtained, and if it exceeds 5.0 μm. ,
In particular, cleaning failure may occur due to slipping of toner having a fine particle diameter.

In the second invention, the surface hardness of the photoreceptor is 0.1 to 20.0 in the Taber abrasion test, but if the hardness is less than 0.1, sufficient abrasion resistance cannot be obtained. If it exceeds 20.0, the removal of corona products and paper dust may be insufficient.

In the second aspect of the invention, the surface friction coefficient of the photosensitive member is 0.001 to 1.2, but if the friction coefficient is less than 0.001, cleaning failure due to slipping of residual toner occurs. If it exceeds 1.2, cleaning failure may occur due to reversal of the cleaning blade due to an increase in frictional resistance.

In any case, the linear pressure of the cleaning blade against the photosensitive member is 20.0 to 50.0 g /
cm, but if the linear pressure is less than 20.0 g / cm,
Particularly in a high humidity environment, image deletion easily occurs due to a decrease in the surface resistance of the photoconductor, and when it exceeds 50.0 g / cm, the photoconductor surface cannot be evenly scraped especially in a low humidity environment. Image unevenness is likely to occur.

Examples of the rubber elastic body used as the cleaning blade of the present invention include polyurethane rubber,
Examples thereof include those having rubber elasticity such as silicone rubber, nitrile rubber and chloroprene rubber, and polyurethane rubber is preferable from the viewpoint of wear resistance and permanent deformation. Furthermore, in the case of polyurethane rubber, a two-component thermosetting polyurethane rubber material is particularly preferable because it has a small permanent set.
As the curing agent, general urethane curing agents such as 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, hydroquinone diethylol ether, bisphenol A, trimethylolpropane and trimethylolethane can be used.

The rubber elastic body blade may be formed of a kind of rubber elastic body, or may be formed by attaching a separately molded rubber elastic body tip to a preformed rubber elastic body.

In the present invention, the blade may be brought into contact with the photosensitive member in either the forward direction or the counter direction with respect to the rotating direction of the photosensitive member, but the counter direction is more preferable.

The photosensitive layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member used in the present invention contains at least a charge generating material and a charge transporting material.

Examples of charge generating materials include phthalocyanine pigments, polycyclic quinone pigments, azo pigments, perylene pigments,
Indigo pigment, quinacridone pigment, azurenium salt dye, squarylium dye, cyanine dye, pyrylium dye, thiopyrylium dye, xanthene dye, quinoneimine dye, triphenylmethane dye, styryl dye, selenium, selenium-tellurium alloy, amorphous silicon and cadmium sulfide Can be mentioned.

Examples of charge transport materials include pyrene compounds, N-alkylcarbazole compounds, hydrazone compounds, N, N-dialkylaniline compounds, diphenylamine compounds, triphenylamine compounds, triphenylmethane compounds, pyrazoline compounds, styryl compounds, Examples thereof include stilbene compounds, polynitro compounds and polycyano compounds, and pendant polymers obtained by immobilizing these compounds on a polymer.

In the present invention, the above-mentioned fluorine atom-containing resin fine particles, charge generating material, charge transporting material, etc.
A protective layer, a photosensitive layer and the like are formed by applying a solution dispersed or dissolved in a binder resin having film forming properties and drying the solution. Examples of the binder resin include polyester, polyurethane, polyarylate, polyethylene, polystyrene, polybutadiene, polycarbonate, polyamide, polypropylene, polyimide, phenol resin, acrylic resin, silicone resin, epoxy resin, urea resin, allyl resin, alkyd resin, and polyamide. -Imide, nylon, polysulfone, polyallyl ether, polyacetal and butyral resins.

The photosensitive layer may have a single layer structure or a laminated structure. In the case of a laminated structure, it is composed of at least a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer, and the charging polarity and the toner polarity to be used are different depending on whether the charge generation layer is provided on the conductive support side or the charge transport layer is provided. different.
The film thickness of the charge generation layer is 0.001 to 6 μm, preferably 0.01 to 2 μm. The content of the charge generating material contained in the charge generating layer is preferably 10 to 100% by weight, more preferably 50 to 100% by weight. The thickness of the charge transport layer is 5 to 40 μm, preferably 15
˜30 μm. The content of the charge transport material contained in the charge transport layer is preferably 20 to 80% by weight, more preferably 30 to 70% by weight.

The electroconductive support of the electrophotographic photosensitive member used in the present invention is a metal or alloy such as iron, copper, gold, silver, aluminum, zinc, titanium, lead, nickel, tin, antimony and indium, or the above-mentioned. Metal oxides, carbon, conductive polymers, etc. can be used,
The shape includes a drum shape such as a cylindrical shape and a cylindrical shape, a belt shape and a sheet shape. The conductive material may be molded as it is, used as a coating material, deposited, or processed by etching or plasma treatment. In the case of a paint, the above-mentioned metal, alloy, paper, plastic, etc. are also used as a support.

In the present invention, an undercoat layer may be provided between the conductive support and the photosensitive layer to control charge injection at the interface and to function as an adhesive layer. The subbing layer is mainly composed of a binder resin, but may contain the above-mentioned metals or alloys or their oxides, salts, surfactants and the like. Examples of the binder resin forming the undercoat layer include polyester, polyurethane, polyarylate, polyethylene, polystyrene,
Examples include polybutadiene, polycarbonate, polyamide, polypropylene, polyimide, phenol resin, acrylic resin, silicone resin, epoxy resin, urea resin, allyl resin, alkyd resin, polyamide-imide, nylon, polysulfone, polyallyl ether, polyacetal and butyral resin. To be The film thickness is 0.
05-7 μm is preferable, more preferably 0.1-2 μm
m.

The present invention also provides an apparatus unit having the above-mentioned electrophotographic photosensitive member and cleaning means, and a facsimile having the above-mentioned electrophotographic apparatus.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration example of the electrophotographic apparatus of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 101 denotes a drum type photosensitive member as an image bearing member, which is rotationally driven around an axis 101a in a direction of an arrow at a predetermined peripheral speed. The photosensitive member 101 receives uniform charging of a positive or negative predetermined potential on its peripheral surface by a charging means 102 during its rotation process, and then an optical image exposure L (slit exposure, slit exposure,
Laser beam scanning exposure, etc.), whereby electrostatic latent images corresponding to the exposed images are sequentially formed on the peripheral surface of the photoconductor.

The electrostatic latent image is then toner-developed by the developing means 104, and the toner-developed image is rotated by the transfer means 105 between the photoconductor 101 and the transfer means 105 from a paper feeding portion (not shown). The transfer material P is sequentially transferred to the transfer material P that is fed in synchronization with the transfer material P.

The transfer material P which has received the image transfer is separated from the surface of the photoconductor and is introduced into the image fixing means 108 to undergo the image fixing and printed out as a copy.

After the image transfer, the surface of the photoconductor 101 is cleaned by the cleaning means 106 to remove residual toner after transfer, and is further discharged by the pre-exposure means 107 to be repeatedly used for image formation.

A corona charging device is generally widely used as the uniform charging means 102 for the photosensitive member 101. Also, as the transfer device 105, corona charging means is generally widely used.

In the present invention, among the above-mentioned components such as the photoconductor, the charging means and the developing means, a plurality of components are integrally combined as an apparatus unit, and this unit can be detachably attached to the apparatus main body. You may comprise. For example, the photoconductor 101, the charging unit 102, and the cleaning unit 106 are integrally supported to form one device unit,
It may be detachable by using a guide means such as a rail of the apparatus body.

When the electrophotographic apparatus is used as a copying machine or a printer, the optical image exposure L irradiates the photoconductor with reflected light or transmitted light from the original, or the original is read by a sensor and converted into a signal. According to this signal, the laser beam is scanned, the LED array is driven, or the liquid crystal shutter array is driven to irradiate the photoconductor with light.

When used as a printer for a facsimile, the optical image exposure L becomes an exposure for printing received data. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of this case. The controller 111 controls the image reading unit 110 and the printer 119. The entire controller 111 is controlled by the CPU 117. The read data from the image reading unit 110 is transmitted to the partner station via the transmission circuit 113. The data received from the partner station is sent to the printer 11 via the receiving circuit 112.
Sent to 9. The image memory 116 stores predetermined image data. The printer controller 118 controls the printer 119. 114 is a telephone. The image information received from the line 115 (image information from a remote terminal connected via the line) is received by the receiving circuit 112.
After being demodulated by, the decoding process is performed by the CPU 117 and sequentially stored in the image memory 116. When the image information of at least one page is stored in the memory 116, the image information of that page is recorded. The CPU 117 reads out one page of image information from the memory 116 and sends the decoded one page of image information to the printer controller 118. The printer controller 118 is
When the image information of one page is received from the CPU 117, the printer 119 records the image information of the page.
To control. The CPU 117 is the printer 119.
The next page is being received during recording. In this way, the image is received and recorded.

[0038]

【Example】

Example 1 Nylon (M-4000, manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) 10 parts (parts by weight, the same applies hereinafter), 100 parts of methanol and 90 parts of isopropanol were mixed and dissolved, and then the outer diameter was 80 mm, the wall thickness was 1.5 mm, and the length was 1.5 mm. Dip-coat on a 363 mm aluminum cylinder, dry for 20 minutes at 90 ° C.,
An undercoat layer of μm was formed.

Next, a trisazo pigment 10 having the following structural formula
Department,

[0040]

[Outer 1] 5 parts of polycarbonate (bisphenol A type, number average molecular weight 20000) and 600 parts of cyclohexanone were dispersed in a sand mill to prepare a coating material for the charge generation layer. This coating material was applied onto the undercoat layer by dip coating and dried at 120 ° C. for 20 minutes to form a charge generation layer of 0.15 μm.

Next, a biphenyl compound 20 having the following structural formula
Department,

[0042]

[Outside 2] 20 parts of polycarbonate (bisphenol Z type, number average molecular weight 20000) and 800 parts of chlorobenzene were dispersed by a ball mill to prepare a charge transport layer coating material. This coating material was applied onto the charge generation layer by dip coating, and dried at 130 ° C. for 90 minutes to form a charge transport layer having a thickness of 18 μm.

Next, 1 part of polytetrafluoroethylene fine particles (Lubron L-5, manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.), 6 parts of the above-mentioned biphenyl compound, 12 parts of polycarbonate (bisphenol Z type, number average molecular weight 80,000) and 1000 parts of dichloromethane. Was dispersed in a sand mill to prepare a coating material for protective layer. This coating material was spray coated on the charge transport layer and dried at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes to form a protective layer having a thickness of 6.0 μm to prepare an electrophotographic photoreceptor. Rz of this photoreceptor was 0.2 μm.

The electrophotographic photoreceptor prepared by the above method is
Linear pressure of rubber elastic blade against photoreceptor is 35.0g
The evaluation was performed using a color laser copier 1 (CLC-1) manufactured by Canon Co., which was modified to have a thickness of 1 cm / cm.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Examples 2, 3 and 4 In the photoreceptor prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, the linear pressure of the rubber elastic blade against the photoreceptor becomes 21.0, 26.0, and 49.0 g / cm. CLC remodeled to
Was evaluated.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Examples 5, 6, 7 and 8 An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the surface roughness of the photosensitive member in Example 1 was 2.0 μm. The photoreceptor was evaluated using CLC-1 in which the linear pressure of the rubber elastic blade with respect to the photoreceptor was 21.0, 26.0, 35.0 and 49.0 g / cm.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Examples 9, 10, 11 and 12 An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the surface roughness of the photosensitive member was 4.8 μm. The photosensitive member was evaluated using CLC-1 in which the linear pressure of the rubber elastic blade with respect to the photosensitive member was 21.0, 26.0, 35.0 and 49.0 g / cm.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Examples 13 to 24 A protective layer was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 9 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene fine particles were added, and the surface roughness thereof was 0.2 μm, 2.0 μm and 4.8 μm. So that each of the electrophotographic photoconductors has a linear pressure of 21.0, 26.0, 35.0 and 49.0 g / c with respect to the photoconductor.
The evaluation was performed using CLC-1 having m.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Examples 25 to 36 A protective layer was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 40 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene fine particles were added, and the surface roughness thereof was 0.2 μm, 2.0 μm and 4.8 μm. Each of the electrophotographic photoconductors was prepared so that the linear pressure of the rubber elastic blade to the photoconductor was 21.0, 26.0, 35.0 and 49.0 g / cm.
It evaluated using CLC-1 which was made into.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Examples 1 and 2 In the photoconductor prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, the linear pressure of the rubber elastic blade against the photoconductor was 18.5 g / each.
The evaluation was performed using CLC-1 having a cm of 53.0 g / cm.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Examples 3 to 6 Photoreceptors similar to those used in Examples 5 to 12 were prepared, and the linear pressure of the rubber elastic blade was set to 18.
Evaluation was performed using CLC-1 having 5 g / cm and 53.0 g / cm.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Examples 7 to 18 Photoreceptors similar to those used in Examples 13 to 36 were prepared, and the linear pressure of the rubber elastic blade was set to 18.
CLC-at 5 g / cm and 53.0 g / cm
It was evaluated using 1.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Examples 19 and 20 In Examples 13 to 24, the surface roughness was 0.05 μm.
CL in which electrophotographic photoconductors were made to have a thickness of m and 5.2 μm, and the linear pressure of the rubber elastic blade against the photoconductor is 35.0 g / cm.
It evaluated using C-1.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 21 Example 1 is the same as Example 1 except that the protective layer is not provided.
An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in 1. and the linear pressure of the rubber elastic blade blade against the photosensitive member was 35.0 g /
The evaluation was performed by using CLC-1 which is shown in cm.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 22 Example 1 is the same as Example 1 except that the protective layer is not provided.
An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in 1. and the linear pressure of the rubber elastic blade against the photosensitive member was 18.0 g /
The evaluation was performed using CLC-1 in cm.

The results are shown in Table 1.

[0068]

[Table 1]

[0069]

[Table 2]

[0070]

[Table 3]

Example 37 Nylon (M-4000, manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) 10 parts (parts by weight, the same applies hereinafter), 100 parts of methanol and 90 parts of isopropanol were mixed and dissolved, and then the outer diameter was 80 mm and the wall thickness was 1.5 mm. , Dip coated on a cylinder made of aluminum with a length of 363 mm, dried at 90 ° C. for 20 minutes, and
An undercoat layer of μm was formed.

Next, trisazo pigment 10 having the following structural formula
Department,

[0073]

[Outside 3] 5 parts of polycarbonate (bisphenol A type, number average molecular weight 20000) and 600 parts of cyclohexanone were dispersed in a sand mill to prepare a coating material for the charge generation layer. This coating material was applied onto the undercoat layer by dip coating and dried at 120 ° C. for 20 minutes to form a charge generation layer of 0.15 μm.

Next, a biphenyl compound 20 having the following structural formula
Department,

[0075]

[Outside 4] 20 parts of polycarbonate (bisphenol Z type, number average molecular weight 20000) and 800 parts of chlorobenzene were dispersed by a ball mill to prepare a charge transport layer coating material. This coating material was applied onto the charge generation layer by dip coating, and dried at 130 ° C. for 90 minutes to form a charge transport layer having a thickness of 18 μm.

Next, polytetrafluoroethylene fine particles (Lubron L-5, manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.), 6 parts of the above-mentioned biphenyl compound, 12 parts of polycarbonate (bisphenol Z type, Mn 50000) and dichloromethane 1
In addition to 000 parts, it was dispersed by a sand mill to prepare a protective layer coating material. This paint is spray coated on the charge transport layer,
It was dried at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes to form a protective layer of 6.0 μm, and an electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared. This photoconductor has an abrasion property of 0.2 μm and a surface friction coefficient of 0.002.
Met.

The electrophotographic photosensitive member prepared by the above method is
Linear pressure of rubber elastic blade against photoreceptor is 35.0g
Evaluation was performed using a color laser copier 1 (CLC-1) manufactured by Canon Inc., which is set to / cm.

The results are shown in Table 2.

Examples 38, 39 and 40 The photoconductors prepared in the same manner as in Example 37 were tested for linear pressure of the rubber elastic blade against the photoconductors of 21.0, 26.0,
And CLC-modified to 49.0 g / cm
It was evaluated using 1.

The results are shown in Table 2.

Examples 41, 42, 43 and 44 In Example 37, the amount of polytetrafluoroethylene fine particles added to the protective layer was lowered so that the surface friction coefficient of the photoreceptor was 0.1, and the amount of polycarbonate (bisphenol) was increased. Z type, number average molecular weight 80,000) was used,
An electrophotographic photoreceptor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 28. The abrasion resistance of this photoconductor was 0.2. When the linear pressure of the rubber elastic blade against the photoconductor is 21.0, 26.
CLC at 0, 35.0 and 49.0 g / cm
It evaluated using -1.

The results are shown in Table 2.

Examples 45, 46, 47 and 48 In Example 37, the amount of polytetrafluoroethylene fine particles added to the protective layer was lowered so that the surface friction coefficient of the photoreceptor was 1.0, and the amount of polycarbonate (bisphenol) was increased. An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 28 except that Z type and number average molecular weight of 100,000) were used. The abrasion resistance of this photoconductor was 0.2. If the linear pressure of the rubber elastic blade against the photoconductor is 21.
Evaluation was carried out using CLC-1 having 0, 26.0, 35.0 and 49.0 g / cm.

The results are shown in Table 2.

Examples 49 to 60 In Example 37, the abrasion resistance of the photoreceptor is 2.0,
The surface friction coefficient is 0.002, 0.1 and 1.0.
An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 28 except that the amount of polytetrafluoroethylene fine particles added to the protective layer and the molecular weight of the polycarbonate were changed so as to obtain The linear pressure of the rubber elastic blade against the photoconductor is 21.0, 26.0, 35.0 and 4
The evaluation was performed using CLC-1 adjusted to 9.0 g / cm.

The results are shown in Table 2.

Examples 61 to 72 In Example 37, the abrasion resistance of the photoconductor is 18.5, and the surface friction coefficient is 0.002, 0.1 and 1.
An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 28 except that the amount of polytetrafluoroethylene fine particles added to the protective layer and the molecular weight of polycarbonate were changed so as to be 0. These photoconductors were evaluated using CLC-1 in which the linear pressure of the rubber elastic blade against the photoconductor was 21.0, 26.0, 35.0 and 49.0 g / cm.

The results are shown in Table 2.

Comparative Examples 23 and 24 The photoconductors prepared in the same manner as in Example 37 had a rubber elastic blade blade linear pressure of 18.5 g.
/ Cm, 53.0 g / cm was evaluated using CLC-1.

The results are shown in Table 2.

Comparative Examples 25 to 28 Photoreceptors similar to those used in Examples 41 to 48 were prepared, and the linear pressure of the rubber elastic blade was set to 18.
CLC-at 5 g / cm and 53.0 g / cm
It was evaluated using 1.

The results are shown in Table 2.

Comparative Examples 29 to 40 Photoreceptors equivalent to those used in Examples 49 to 72 were prepared, and the linear pressure of the rubber elastic blade was set to 18.
CLC-at 5 g / cm and 53.0 g / cm
It was evaluated using 1.

The results are shown in Table 2.

Comparative Examples 41 and 42 In Example 37, the abrasion resistance of the photoreceptor was 2.0,
Further, an electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 37 except that the addition amount of polytetrafluoroethylene fine particles and the molecular weight of polycarbonate were changed in the protective layer so that the surface friction coefficients became 0.0005 and 1.3, respectively. Created.
Each photoconductor was evaluated using CLC-1 in which the linear pressure of the rubber elastic blade with respect to the photoconductor was 35.0 g / cm.

The results are shown in Table 2.

Comparative Example 43 An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 37 except that the protective layer was not provided in Example 37, and the photosensitive member was subjected to linear pressure of a rubber elastic blade against the photosensitive member. 35.
Evaluation was performed using CLC-1 which was set to 0 g / cm.

The results are shown in Table 2.

Comparative Example 44 An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 37 except that the protective layer was not provided, and the linear pressure of the rubber elastic blade against the photosensitive member was 18%. .0
Evaluation was carried out using CLC-1 adjusted to g / cm.

The results are shown in Table 2.

[0101]

[Table 4]

[0102]

[Table 5]

[0103]

[Table 6]

[0104]

As described above, according to the present invention, there are provided an electrophotographic apparatus, an apparatus unit and a facsimile which have excellent cleaning characteristics and durability from the initial stage to the end of durability and can obtain excellent images. can do.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of an electrophotographic apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a block diagram of a facsimile using the electrophotographic apparatus of the present invention as a printer.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a Haydon 14 type friction coefficient measuring device.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged side view of a contact portion between the urethane rubber blade and the sample in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a shape of a urethane rubber blade used in measuring a friction coefficient.

FIG. 6 shows an example of a cleaning blade, (A) is a front view and (B) is a side view.

FIG. 7 shows another example of a cleaning blade, (A) is a front view and (B) is a side view.

FIG. 8 is a schematic explanatory view showing the contact of the cleaning blade with the electrophotographic photosensitive member in the forward direction.

FIG. 9 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing contact of a cleaning blade with an electrophotographic photosensitive member in a counter direction.

FIG. 10 is a schematic explanatory view showing a reversed state of the cleaning blade.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Support 2 Elastic member 3 Cleaning blade 4 Electrophotographic photoreceptor 5 Sample stage 6 Sample 7 Urethane rubber blade 8 Support 9 Saucet 10 Weight 11 Support point 12 Balancer 13 Load converter 14 Motor 15 Holder support arm 16 Upper holder 17 Lower holder 18 fixing screw 101 drum type photoreceptor 102 corona charging device 103 exposure unit 104 developing unit 105 transfer unit 106 cleaning unit 107 pre-exposure unit 108 image fixing unit L light image exposure P transfer material 110 image reading unit 111 controller 112 receiving circuit 113 transmission Circuit 114 Telephone 115 Line 116 Image memory 117 CPU 118 Printer controller 119 Printer

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Shoji Amemiya 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. (72) Inventor Issei Nakamura 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon (72) Inventor Haruyuki Tsuji, 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. (72) Inventor, Michiyo Sekiya, 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. (72) Inventor Masaaki Yamagami 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An electrophotographic apparatus having an electrophotographic photoreceptor and a cleaning means, wherein the photoreceptor has a photosensitive layer and a surface protective layer on a conductive support, and the surface protective layer is based on the total weight of the protective layer. An electrophotographic photoreceptor containing 5.0 to 70.0% by weight of fluorine atom-containing resin particles and having a 10-point average surface roughness of 0.1 to 5.0 μm. Is a rubber elastic blade, and the linear pressure of the blade with respect to the photosensitive member is 20.0 to 50.
An electrophotographic apparatus, which is 0 g / cm. 2. An electrophotographic apparatus having an electrophotographic photosensitive member and a cleaning means, wherein the photosensitive member has a photosensitive layer and a surface protective layer on a conductive support, and the surface hardness is 0.1 according to the Taber abrasion test method. To 20.0 and a surface friction coefficient of 0.001 to 1.2, the cleaning means is a rubber elastic blade, and the linear pressure of the blade on the photoreceptor is 20. 0-50.
An electrophotographic apparatus, which is 0 g / cm. 3. The electrophotographic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the linear pressure is 25.0 to 50.0 g / cm. 4. The electrophotographic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the blade is in contact with the rotation direction of the photoconductor in the counter direction. 5. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1 or 2, integrally supporting at least one means of a cleaning means, a charging means and a developing means, and detachable from the apparatus main body. Device unit to be used. 6. A facsimile comprising the electrophotographic apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, and a receiving unit that receives image information from a remote terminal.