JPH0569997B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] A. Purpose of the Invention (1) Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a rotation prevention device for a swinging swash plate of a swinging compressor used in an automobile cooling system, etc. .

The oscillating compressor may be of a variable capacity type or a fixed capacity type.

(2) Conventional technology Conventional rocking type compression converts the rotation of a rotary drive shaft into a reciprocating rocking motion of a rocking swash plate, transmits this motion to a plurality of working pistons, and thereby compresses fluid. There is a known machine in which the swinging swash plate is prevented from rotating by a slider attached to the swinging swash plate and a slider guide that guides the reciprocating swing of the slider. Kosho 56-
(See Publication No. 18795).

(3) Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the conventional device, the slider guide provided integrally with the casing and the contact portion of the slider provided on the rocking swash plate are not able to come into uniform contact over the entire area. Even if designed, it is difficult to accurately set the relative position of the slider and slider guide due to accumulated dimensional errors and assembly errors of the rocking swash plate and other components. In reality, it is not possible for the contact parts to always be in even contact over the entire area, and these contact parts are often operated with uneven partial contact, resulting in smooth rocking of the rocking swash plate. There were problems such as movement being hindered and the slider and slider guide being unevenly worn.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and is an oscillating slope in an oscillating compressor that solves the above-mentioned problems by ensuring that the slider and slider guide are always in even contact over the entire area. The object of the present invention is to provide a device for preventing rotation of a plate.

B. Structure of the Invention (1) Means for Solving the Problems To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a compressor body including a housing, a cylinder block, and a cylinder head; and a compressor body rotatably supported on the compressor body. a rotational drive shaft; on this rotational drive shaft,
a journal supported so as to be swingable about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the shaft and connected to the rotary drive shaft so as to be able to rotate together; a swing supported by the journal that only allows swinging about the axis; Swash plate;
a plurality of actuating pistons connected to the rocking swash plate via a plurality of connection rods; a plurality of cylinders arranged around the rotational drive shaft of the cylinder block and into which the actuating pistons are slidably fitted; In the oscillating compressor, the housing supports a slider guide extending along the oscillating direction of the oscillating swash plate so as to be rotatable about an axis parallel to the axis of the rotary drive shaft. On the other hand, a slider that is reciprocally engaged with the slider guide is provided at the outer peripheral end of the rocking swash plate, and in the entire movement range of the slider, the contact portion between the slider and the slider guide is It is divided into two by an imaginary plane that is perpendicular to the contact portion and passes through the rotation axis of the slider guide.

(2) Effect According to the above configuration, the opposite sides of the slider and the slider guide come into contact with each other due to the component force in the rotational direction of the rocking swash plate in the entire range of swing of the rocking swash plate. In this case, the slider guide is automatically adjusted to rotate around its rotation axis, so that the contact portion between the slider and the slider guide always contacts evenly over the entire area.

(3) Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments in which the present invention is applied to a variable capacity compressor will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the main parts of the variable displacement compressor C according to the present embodiment in a longitudinal section, and in this figure, the compressor main body 1 of the compressor C includes a hollow cylindrical housing 2, A cylinder block 3 fixed to the open end face and a cylinder head 4 superimposed on the end face are bonded together to form a cylindrical shape as a whole.

A rotary drive shaft 5 passing vertically through the housing 2 is rotatably supported by the cylinder block ₃ and the end wall 21 of the housing 2 via radial needle bearings 6 and 7. The rotary drive shaft 5 is located on the axis _L1 of the compressor body 1, and a drive pulley 8 having a built-in clutch is integrally connected to its protruding end that protrudes from the compressor body 1. The drive pulley 8 is rotated in conjunction with a drive source such as an engine (not shown).

In the cylinder block 3, a plurality of cylinders 9 are formed radially in parallel to the rotary drive shaft 5 at equal intervals on a concentric circle centered on the axis _L1 . An operating piston 10 is slidably fitted in each. Each piston 10 has a compression chamber 12 inside each cylinder 9.
and a back pressure chamber 13. In addition, on the back side of the back pressure chamber 13 of each operating piston 10, there is a connecting rod 11.
One spherical end of the connecting rod 11 is rotatably connected, and each connecting rod 11 extends in the axial direction inside the cylinder 9, and the other spherical end reaches inside the housing 2. It is rotatably connected to the swash plate 19.

Next, the structure of the swash plate type drive mechanism D will be described. In the working chamber 14 of the housing 2, a sleeve 15 is fitted onto the rotary drive shaft 5 so as to be slidable in the axial direction. This sleeve 1
A pair of left and right pivot shafts 16 whose centers are on an axis L ₂ perpendicular to the axis L ₁ of the rotary drive shaft 5 (perpendicular to the plane of the paper in FIG. 1) are integrally provided on both left and right sides of the rotary drive shaft 5 . A disc-shaped journal 17 is supported on the left and right pivot shafts 16 so as to be able to swing back and forth in the axial direction of the rotary drive shaft 5. Journal 17
A cylindrical portion 17 ₁ extending so as to surround the sleeve 15 is provided with a swinging swash plate 1 via a radial bearing 18 .
9 is rotatably supported, and a thrust needle bearing 20 is interposed between the opposing surfaces of the rocking swash plate 19 and the journal 17.

A detent device R, which will be described in detail later, is provided between the outer peripheral end of the swing swash plate 19 and the inner wall of the housing 2 to prevent the swing swash plate 19 from rotating around the rotary drive shaft 5.

In the working chamber 14, the rotary drive shaft 5 includes:
A drive pin 25 is integrally protruded in the radial direction, and a connecting arm 2 is attached to the tip of the drive pin 25.
6 are integrally formed, and arc-shaped engagement holes 27 are bored in this connecting arm 26, and these engagement holes 2
At 7, an engaging pin 28 integrally protruding from the mounting piece ₁₇₂ of the journal 17 is slidably engaged.
The arc-shaped engagement hole 27 allows the swinging swash plate 19 to swing around the pivot shaft 16 within its length range. The journal 17 rotates in accordance with the rotation of the rotary drive shaft 5.

As described above, the other spherical end of the connecting rod 11 connected to the plurality of pistons 10 is rotatably linked to one surface of the swinging swash plate 19. Therefore, the rocking swash plate 1
The operating stroke, that is, the discharge amount of each working piston 10 is determined in accordance with the angular displacement position of the pivot shaft 16 of FIG. ₉ about the axis L2.

The rotary drive shaft 5 has a small diameter shaft portion 5 _{2 at its end on the cylinder block 3 side via a step locking portion 5 1 .}
is formed. A first spring SP ₁ made of a compression coil spring is wound around the small diameter shaft portion 5 ₂ .
One end of the SP ₁ is engaged with a spring seat 30 that is fitted and locked onto the small diameter shaft portion 5 ₂ , and the other end is engaged with an annular stopper 31 that is locked with the step locking portion 5 ₁ . There is. When the sleeve 15 slides to the left in FIG. 1, the stopper 31 engages with one end surface of the sleeve 15 and acts to compress the first spring _SP1 .

The housing 2 has a central portion of the end wall ₂₁ ,
A cylinder tube portion 32 having a bottomed cylindrical shape and projecting outward is integrally provided concentrically with the rotary drive shaft 5, and an annular cylinder 32 ₁ is formed in this cylinder tube portion 32.
An annular control piston 33 is slidably fitted therein. Seal rings S ₁ and S ₂ are fitted onto the inner and outer circumferential surfaces of the control piston 33 so as to be shifted in the axial direction, and these seal rings
S ₁ and S ₂ provide a fluid-tight seal between the inner and outer sliding surfaces of the cylinder 32 ₁ and the control piston 33.

A control pressure chamber 34 is defined between the control piston 33 and the end wall of the cylinder tube portion 32 . A second spring SP ₂ made of a compression coil spring is housed in the control pressure chamber 34 , and both ends of the spring SP ₂ are engaged between the control piston 33 and the end wall of the cylinder cylindrical portion 32 . The control piston 33 is moved to the left in FIG.
That is, it is biased toward the working chamber 14 side. An end portion of the control piston 33 on the working chamber 14 side is rotatably supported by a control plate 36 via an angular ball bearing 35. The control plate 36 is integrally formed with a cylindrical portion 36 ₁ extending in the axial direction _.
is rotatably fitted and supported on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary drive shaft 5, and its end surface is engaged with the end surface of the sleeve 15 by the elastic force of the second spring _SP2 . Further, an axial slit 37 is bored in the cylindrical portion 36 ₁ , and the slit 37 is connected to the drive pin 25 .
passes through the rotary drive shaft 5 and the control plate 3.
It rotates together with 6. Further, a thrust needle bearing 38 is interposed between the back surface of the control plate 36 and the end wall ₂₁ of the housing 2. When the control piston 33 slides left and right, the sleeve 15 follows this movement in the axial direction, and the angular displacement positions of the journal 17 and the sliding swash plate 19 about the pivot shaft 16 change accordingly. That is, when the control piston 33 moves to the left in FIG. When the stroke becomes small and the control piston 33 moves to the right, the sleeve 15 also moves to the right due to the operating pressure applied to the actuating piston 10, and the journal 17 and the rocking swash plate 19 move to the opposite side in FIG. It rotates clockwise, and the sliding stroke of each working piston 10 increases.

Next, the structure of the rotation stopper R of the rocking swash plate 19 will be explained mainly with reference to FIGS. A groove 24 is formed along the axial direction of the rotary drive shaft 5, and a slider guide 23 having the same shape as the groove 24 is disposed in the groove 24 along the axis of the rotary drive shaft 5.
It is fitted so as to be rotatable around an axis _L3 parallel to _L1 . At the radial center of the slider guide 23,
A channel-shaped guide groove 23 ₁ with an open top surface is formed over its entire length, and a slider 21 made of a square prism is slidably engaged with this guide groove 23 ₁ . The slider 21 is rotatably supported by the outer end of a connecting pin 22 that projects from the outer peripheral end of the swinging swash plate 19 in the radial direction. And the journal 1
The component force in the rotation direction around the rotary drive shaft 5 applied to the swing swash plate 19 by the slider 21 is received by the slider guide 23, and the rotation of the swing swash plate 19 is suppressed. be done. The component force in the rotational direction acting on the rocking swash plate 19 presses the slider 21 to one side as shown by the arrow in FIG. 23 One side of ₁ contacts, and the contact part is
It is divided into upper and lower halves by an imaginary plane P that is perpendicular to the contact portion C ₀ and passes through the axis L ₃ . Therefore, if the slider guide 23 is tilted upward to the right or upward to the left around the axis _L3 with respect to the slider 21 as shown in FIGS. 5B and 5C, the slider guide 23 will be tilted toward the axis L Arrow a around ₃
Alternatively, the slider 21 and the slider guide 2 are automatically rotated in the direction b, as shown in FIG. 5A.
3 is maintained in a normal state, and the contact portion C0 between the slider 21 and the slider guide ₂₃ is always in even contact over its entire surface, so that the swinging swash plate 19
The slider 21 swings back and forth smoothly, and uneven wear of the slider 21 and slider guide 23 is also suppressed.

A short cylindrical cylinder head 4 is attached to the end face of the cylinder block 3 via a partition plate 40.
A discharge chamber 42 is formed in the center of the cylinder head 4, and the boundary between the discharge chamber 42 and the cylinder block 3 is partitioned by the partition plate 40. A discharge pipe line 44 formed in the cylinder head 4 is communicated with this discharge chamber 42 . The cylinder head 4 also has the discharge chamber 4.
A suction chamber 45 is formed to surround the cylinder block 2, and the boundary between the suction chamber 45 and the cylinder block 3 is also partitioned by the partition plate 40. This suction chamber 45 is a communication passage 4 bored in the cylinder block 3.
6 to an operating chamber 14 within the housing 2. Furthermore, the working chamber 14 is communicated with a suction conduit 47 formed on the wall surface of the housing 2 .

The partition plate 40 has a discharge chamber 42 and a cylinder 9.
A discharge port 48 that communicates with the compression chamber 12 is provided in the discharge port 48, and a discharge valve 49 that opens the discharge port 48 when the working piston 10 is performing compression operation is provided in the discharge port 48.
is provided. Further, the partition plate 40 is provided with a suction port 50 that communicates the suction chamber 45 with the compression chamber 12 of the cylinder 9. A suction valve 51 which opens 50 is provided.

When the plurality of working pistons 10 sequentially reciprocate due to the suction stroke of the compressor C, the refrigerant flows into the suction chamber 4 through the suction pipe 47, the working chamber 14, and the communication passage 46.
5, from which the suction valve 51 is opened and the air is sucked into the compression chamber 12. Further, due to the compression stroke of the compressor C, the compressed refrigerant in the compression chamber 12 opens the discharge valve 49 and is forcedly sent from the discharge chamber 42 to the protruding pipe line 44 .

Capacity control of the variable capacity compressor configured as described above is performed by a control valve V. Next, the configuration of this control valve V will be explained.
is interposed between a discharge passage 52 communicating with the discharge chamber 42, a suction passage 53 communicating with the suction chamber 45 via the working chamber 14 and the communication passage 46, and a control passage 54 communicating with the control pressure chamber 34.

A valve body 56 is provided within a valve housing 55 formed on the end wall 2 ₁ of the housing 2 . The valve body 56 defines a discharge pressure valve chamber 57 in the valve housing 55 with which the discharge passage 52 communicates, and also has a suction pressure valve chamber 58 with which the suction passage 53 communicates, and further has a passage with which the control passage 54 communicates. 5
9 is formed, and this passage 59 communicates the discharge pressure valve chamber 57 and the suction pressure valve chamber 58.

The valve body 56 includes a first valve mechanism 60 that can communicate with and shut off the discharge pressure valve chamber 57 and the passage 59.
and a second valve mechanism 61 that can communicate with and shut off the passage 59 and the suction pressure valve chamber 58.

The first valve mechanism 60 includes a spherical valve body 63 that can be seated on a valve seat 62 formed on the valve body 56, a valve spring 64 that biases the valve body 63 in the valve closing direction, and a valve body 63.
3 Push rod 6 for operating in the valve opening direction
5, the valve body 63 and the valve spring 64 are provided in the valve chamber 57, and the push rod 65 is movably longitudinally passed through the passage 59.

The second valve mechanism 61 includes a spool valve 68 which can be seated on a valve seat 67 formed in the valve body 56 and is integral with the push rod 65, and a valve spring 69 which biases the valve 68 in the valve closing direction. The valve 68 and the valve spring 69 are accommodated in the suction pressure valve chamber 58 formed within the valve body 56 .

Inside the suction pressure valve chamber 58, the valve spring 69 is surrounded and both ends thereof are connected to the spool valve 68.
A bellows 70 fluid-tightly connected to the end plate 58 ₁ of the suction pressure valve chamber 58 is housed, and the inside of the bellows 70 is communicated with the atmosphere through a through hole 71 formed in the end plate 58 ₁ . . Therefore, when the suction pressure in the suction pressure valve chamber 58 increases, the bellows 70
contracts and opens the second valve mechanism 61, and when the suction pressure in the suction pressure valve chamber 58 decreases, the bellows 70
expands and opens the first valve mechanism 60.

Next, to explain the effect of variable discharge capacity control, when the cooling load becomes large, the air conditioner will increase the suction pressure.
If Ps increases and the cooling load becomes small, the suction pressure Ps
has a characteristic of decreasing, so if the cooling load decreases and the suction pressure Ps decreases, the first valve mechanism 60
The valve body 63 opens to open the discharge passage 52 and the control passage 5.
4 communicates with each other, the control pressure Pc in the control pressure chamber 34 rises, and the control piston 33 releases the second spring SP ₂ accordingly.
The sleeve 15 is moved to the left in FIG. 1 by the elastic force of the control plate 36 . As a result, the journal 17 is aligned with the pivot axis 1.
6 rotations clockwise, that is, the swinging swash plate 19 is rotated in the upright direction. Therefore, the working strokes of the plurality of working pistons 10 are small and the displacement of the compressor is reduced. When the capacity of the compressor is at its minimum, the sleeve 15 reaches its left limit and compresses the first spring _SP1 via the stopper 31.

Next, when the load on the air conditioner increases and the suction pressure Ps rises, the bellows 70 contracts, so the spool valve 68 of the second valve mechanism 61 opens and the first valve mechanism 60 closes. , aisle 5
9 and the suction pressure passage 53, the pressure Pc in the control pressure chamber 34 decreases, and the control piston 3
3 moves to the right in Figure 1. As a result, the sleeve 15 receives the actuation pressure applied to the plurality of actuation pistons 10 and moves to the right. This allows journal 1
7 moves counterclockwise around the pivot shaft 16 to tilt the rocking swash plate 19 in the same direction, thereby increasing the operating stroke of each working piston 10 and increasing the discharge capacity of the compressor C.

The discharge capacity of the variable displacement compressor C is controlled in the above manner.

By the way, when the swinging swash plate 19 swings back and forth due to the operation of the compressor 1, the slider 21 protruding from the outer peripheral end of the swash plate 19 slides back and forth within the guide groove ₂₃₁ of the slider guide 23. The rotation of the rocking swash plate 19 around the rotational drive shaft 5 is suppressed, but at this time, a lateral pressing force acts on the slider 21 due to the component force in the rotational direction applied to the rocking swash plate 19, which causes the slider 21 to rotate. One side surface presses into contact with the side surface of the guide groove 23 ₁ . If the slider 21 is in partial contact with the slider guide ₂₃ as shown in FIG. When the slider 21 and the slider guide 23 are forcibly rotated in the direction of arrow a or in the direction of arrow b in FIG. 21 and the slider guide 23 cooperate to smoothly guide the reciprocating movement of the swinging swash plate 19.

In the above embodiments, a case has been described in which the locking device R for a oscillating swash plate of the present invention is applied to a variable capacity oscillating compressor, but it is also possible to apply this to a fixed capacity oscillating compressor. Of course.

Further, the slider may have any shape other than a square prism, a cylinder, or any other shape.

C. Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, in the oscillating compressor, the slider guide extending along the oscillating direction of the oscillating swash plate is arranged in the housing along the axis parallel to the axis of the rotary drive shaft. Supported so that it can rotate around,
On the other hand, a slider is provided at the outer peripheral end of the rocking swash plate and is engaged with the slider guide so as to be able to reciprocate, and in the entire movement range of the slider, the contact area between the slider and the slider guide is perpendicular to the contact area. And since it is divided into two parts by an imaginary plane passing through the rotational axis of the slider guide, the contact area between the slider and the slider guide always contacts evenly over the entire area, and the slider resists the guide groove of the slider guide. There is less reciprocating movement, so that smooth reciprocating sliding of the rocking swash plate is ensured, and the mechanical efficiency of the compressor is greatly increased.

Furthermore, uneven wear of the contact portion between the slider and the slider guide is prevented, thereby extending their service life.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional side view of the main part of a variable capacity oscillating compressor equipped with the device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view taken along the line of FIG. 1. A sectional view, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the device of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a sectional view taken along the line of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the apparatus of the present invention. P...Virtual plane, _C0 ...Contact part, _L1 , _L2 , _L3
... Axis line, S ₁ , S ₂ ... Seal ring, 1 ... Main body, 2 ... Housing, 3 ... Cylinder block, 4 ... Cylinder head, 5 ... Rotation drive shaft,
9...Cylinder, 10...Working piston, 11...
... Conn rod, 17 ... Journal, 19 ... Rocking swash plate, 21 ... Slider, 23 ... Slider guide.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A compressor body 1 comprising a housing 2, a cylinder block 3, and a cylinder head 4; a rotary drive shaft 5 rotatably supported by the compressor body 1;
a journal 17 which is supported on the rotary drive shaft 5 so as to be swingable about an axis _L2 perpendicular to the axis _L1 of the shaft 5 and connected to the rotary drive shaft 5 so as to be rotatable therewith; A swinging swash plate 19 is supported by a swash plate 17 and is allowed to swing only around the axis _L2 ; a plurality of connecting rods 1 are mounted on this swing swash plate 19.
a plurality of actuating pistons 10 connected via 1;
and a plurality of cylinders 9 arranged around the rotary drive shaft 5 of the cylinder block 3 and into which the operating piston 10 is slidably fitted, the housing 2 includes: , a slider guide 23 extending along the swinging direction of the swinging swash plate 19 is supported so as to be rotatable about an axis _L3 parallel to the axis _L1 of the rotary drive shaft 5; A slider 2 is disposed at the outer peripheral end of the plate 19 and is engaged with the slider guide 23 in a reciprocating manner.
1 is provided, and in the entire movement range of the slider 21, the contact portion _C0 between the slider 21 and the slider guide 23 is an imaginary point that is perpendicular to the contact portion _C0 and passes through the rotation axis _L3 of the slider guide 23. A rotation prevention device for a rocking swash plate in a rocking type compressor, characterized in that it is divided into two by a plane P.