JPH0549375B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for forming a ring-shaped product, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a method for forming a ring-shaped product and an apparatus therefor. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for forming ring-shaped products such as wheel rims for vehicles that are wide and have sloped surfaces, such as trucks, buses, and passenger cars, which are stretch-formed.

[Prior art] Generally, this type of ring-shaped product is produced by pressing,
It is formed by a method called spinning processing or ring roll processing. Among these, the above-mentioned ring roll processing generally involves interposing a ring-shaped material between a drive roll and a pressure roll that face each other, and pressurizes the inner peripheral surface of the ring-shaped material while being rotated by the drive roll. This method is known as a method of stretch-forming while asymptotically moving the roll toward the driving roll and bringing it into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the material. In this case, narrow wheel rims such as those on bicycles and motorcycles can be machined straight by restricting movement in the width direction using edge rolls (or side rolls or guide rolls), and the left and right outer diameters can be machined uniformly. However, in the case of wide products such as passenger cars, it is difficult to control movement in the width direction, so the conventional method was to perform press processing in the post-process of ring roll processing to achieve the specified dimensional accuracy (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60 (Refer to Publication No. 6231), or a method of finishing the final product shape by cutting was adopted. In addition, when forming ring-shaped products such as vehicle wheels using the ring roll method, processing accuracy is required, and in order to maintain the dimensional accuracy of the product, the forming load is adjusted at the final stage of forming. Cutting processing etc. after forming are omitted (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 56-62637, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 58
-Refer to Publication No. 90339).

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the method of combining ring roll processing and press processing, the dimensions can be determined by the press processing, so when the ring roll is used, differences in the outer diameter of the widthwise ends of the wheel rim may occur. is allowed to some extent, and there is no need for fine adjustment of the roll gap, but it has the disadvantage that it is not suitable for mass production because it increases the number of processing steps and requires a lot of labor and time. In addition, in machines that adjust the forming load at the final stage of forming, the roll gap is controlled, so even when the pressure of the pressure roll is stopped, the elastic deformation of the ring-shaped material and the rigidity of the machine itself are reduced. Because the material has a finite value, the material is stretched and formed due to the elastic deformation of the machine, and the roll gap substantially changes, so control in μm units is required. Furthermore, even if this precision is achieved, the amount of deformation after the pressure roll stops is affected by the weight and strength of the material, resulting in a large dimensional error proportional to the diameter of the wheel rim. Therefore, in order to control the roll gap at the end of pressurization, there is a molding method that uses a mold that restricts the outer diameter of a wheel rim with a precise outer diameter to a specified dimension (as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Akira
57-171537), when this method is actually processed, elongation in the circumferential direction takes priority and there is almost no movement of the metal in the width direction, so in the case of wheel rims, the metal of the flange part There was a problem that there was a shortage and it was difficult to obtain high-quality products.

By the way, the basic factor that impedes the precision of forming is the parallelism between the rolls. If this parallelism is poor, the thickness will be uneven, the diameter will be larger on the side that is stretched more, and the roll will protrude beyond the predetermined forming position. become. In particular, in the case of an asymmetrical wheel with a complex cross-sectional shape, if a rolling load is applied in parallel, the corner flange part has a lower rolling ratio than the parallel part, so more parallel parts are formed, and there is a difference in the left and right diameters. There is a problem that this occurs, and there is currently a need for a solution to this problem.

[Means for Solving the Problems] This invention has been made with the intention of solving the above problems, and in order to solve the above technical problems, the outer diameter dimension of the ring-shaped material to be molded is detected. In comparison, the position of one side of one of the rolls that governs the stretch forming of the ring-shaped material is adjusted, and the position is adjusted parallel to the other roll to perform the stretch-forming of the ring-shaped material. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for molding a ring-shaped product and an apparatus for the same.

That is, firstly, the present invention provides a structure between two rolls that face each other by forming a forming space that regulates the metal flow in the axial direction between the opposing surfaces, and that one roll moves asymptotically toward the other roll. When forming a ring-shaped product by stretching and forming a ring-shaped material with a ring-shaped material interposed between the rollers, one roll is supported rotatably in the stretching direction, and both ends of the roll are supported so as to be movable vertically or in the water level direction. Detecting and comparing the displacement of the outer diameter dimension of the ring-shaped material while stretching and rotating the ring material,
Provided is a method for forming a ring-shaped product, characterized in that the signal is transmitted to the one roll, and the ring-shaped material is stretch-molded to have a uniform wall thickness while adjusting the position of one side of the roll. Also, the second
A molding space is formed between the opposing surfaces to regulate the metal flow in the axial direction, and the two rolls face each other, and one roll moves asymptotically toward the other roll.
In a ring-shaped product forming apparatus that stretches and forms a ring-shaped material by interposing the ring-shaped material between two rolls, one of the rolls is rotatably supported in the stretching direction of the ring-shaped material, and both ends thereof are vertically supported. or horizontally movably supported,
It comprises a detection means for detecting a displacement in the outer diameter dimension of the ring-shaped material, and a control means for comparing data detected by the detection means, and transmits signals from the detection means and the control means to the roll. It is an object of the present invention to provide a molding device for a ring-shaped product, which is characterized in that one side of the roll is formed so that its position can be adjusted.

In this invention, the rolls whose position is adjusted may be rolls that move relative to each other in the vertical or horizontal direction, and may be rolls that are in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the ring-shaped material or mandrel rolls that are in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the ring-shaped material. It may also be a pressure roll in contact with it. In this case, the operating means for the roll whose position is adjusted may be any means as long as it moves one side of the roll, for example, it may directly move one side of the roll by a cylinder device, or, Any means is available, such as using the movement from the cylinder device to adjust the position of the rolls using the "lever principle."

The detection means may be any device such as a photo sensor or a proximity switch that detects the outer diameter of the ring-shaped material, but preferably measures the outer diameter of the ring-shaped material during molding. It is preferable that the detection object follow and abut against the ring-shaped material.

[Effect] The above technical means works as follows.

When a ring-shaped material interposed between a pair of rolls facing each other is stretched and rotated while forming a forming space that regulates the axial metal flow between opposing surfaces, the ring-shaped material is detected by a detection means. The outer diameter dimensions of the rolls are detected and compared, and when the difference between the two values is within the tolerance range, a signal is sent to the roll operating section to adjust the position of one side of the rolls, and to adjust the position of both rolls. The parallelism is adjusted, and the ring-shaped material is molded to have a uniform thickness at the end in the width direction.

[Examples] Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

◎ First Embodiment Fig. 1 is a front view showing a first embodiment of a molding apparatus for a ring-shaped product according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a side view thereof.

The molding apparatus of the present invention includes a rotatable pressurizer supported so as to be movable up and down by a pressurization roll lifting cylinder 16 mounted on a cylinder bracket 14 projecting from the upper part of a frame 12 erected on a base 10. The roll 18 is rotatably supported between the frame 12 and the lower end of a bearing arm 20 that is pivotally supported by the cylinder bracket 14 via bearings 22, 22, and is also supported by the bearing arm 20 so that its position can be adjusted. In order to detect the outer diameter of the ring-shaped material A interposed between the mandrel roll 24 and the pressure roll 18 and the mandrel roll 24 facing each other in the vertical direction, the ring-shaped material A is brought into contact with the left and right lower ends of the material A. A detection means 28 consisting of two outer diameter detection devices 26, 26, a control section 30 that compares and calculates data from the detection means 28, and a control section 30 that receives signals from the control section 30 and controls the position adjustment of the mandrel roll 24. The main parts are composed of a position adjustment operation section 32 and a drive motor 34 that transmits rotational drive to the pressure roll 18. A forming space is formed between the facing surfaces of the pressure roll 18 and the mandrel roll 24 to regulate the metal flow in the axial direction. That is, the convex outer circumferential surface of the pressure roll 18 bites into the concave outer circumferential surface of the mandrel roll 24, thereby forming a forming space that restricts the metal flow in the axial direction.

The pressure roll 18 is disposed in a pressure roll case 13 that slides along a guide 11 provided on the vertical surface of the frame 12, and a pressure that controls the rotation of the pressure roll 18 is provided. Roll axis 15
The output side of a drive motor 34 is connected to the drive motor 34 via a universal joint 17 and a reduction gear 19.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the mandrel roll 24 has a bearing portion 2 which is rotatably pivotally connected to the frame 12 and the bearing arm 20.
Mandrel roll shaft 24 supported by 2, 22
It is attached to a. In this case, the bearing portion 22 is
Frame 12 or bearing arm 2 with pin 21
A tapered sleeve 27 is rotatably housed in a bearing casing 23 via a bearing 25, and this tapered sleeve 27
A tapered portion 24b formed at the end of the mandrel roll shaft 24a is fitted inside. Further, the mandrel roll shaft 24a is connected to the tapered sleeve 27 on the frame 12 side by a presser plate 29 and fixing bolts 29a and 29b, and is removably fitted to the tapered sleeve 27 on the bearing arm 20 side. There is.

The bearing arm 20 is attached to the cylinder bracket 1
It is vertically rotatably supported by a fulcrum shaft 36 which is pivotally connected to the frame 12, and a pin 33 is connected to a movable bearing cylinder bracket 31 erected on the upper end surface of the frame 12 at its upper end. A piston rod 38a of a hydraulic movable bearing cylinder 38 that is swingably supported is connected via a joint pin 38b, and the extension and contraction of the movable bearing cylinder 38 moves the bearing arm 20 to the use position during molding. It is designed to be opened and closed in a non-use position when the ring-shaped material A is removed. Also, bearing arm 2
A mandrel roll shaft driving motor 35 is attached to the lower end of the mandrel roll shaft 24a via a ratchet mechanism 37 and is detachably connected to the mandrel roll shaft 24a.

On the other hand, the position adjustment operation section 32 includes a lift arm 40 that projects upward from an eccentric section (not shown) formed coaxially with the fulcrum shaft 36;
It is comprised of a hydraulic power cylinder 42 that controls the rotation of this lift arm 40. in this case,
The power cylinder 42 has a power cylinder bracket 41 erected on the upper end surface of the frame 12.
A piston rod 42a is connected to the upper end of the lift arm 40 via a joint pin 42b. Therefore, when the lift arm 40 rotates due to the expansion and contraction operation of the power cylinder 42, the bearing arm 20 can move in the vertical direction due to the "lever principle" between the lift arm 40 and the eccentric portion. There is. Here, the fulcrum shaft 3 of the lift arm 40
6 and the pivot point of the power cylinder 42 by 50mm.
If the eccentricity of the eccentric portion is 1 mm, the piston rod 42a of the power cylinder 42 moves 50 mm, while the bearing arm 20 moves 1 mm, allowing the position of the mandrel roll 24 to be adjusted. In this case, the power cylinder 42 has a mechanism (not shown) that converts the rotation of the motor 44 into linear motion, and uses a trapezoidal screw (not shown) to ensure accurate expansion and contraction movement.

A pair of side support rolls 50, 50 are arranged on the sides of the frame 12 on both sides of the mandrel roll 24 to prevent the ring-shaped material A from swinging in the horizontal and vertical directions so as to be able to follow changes in diameter. It is set up.

On the other hand, the detection means 28 detects the pressure roll 1
8 and the mandrel roll 24, a detection roll 26a abuts the detection position on both sides of the lower end of the ring-shaped material A to be stretch-molded, and a pair of brackets 26b that rotatably supports the detection roll 26a. , 26b, and
It is composed of two detection devices 26, 26, each consisting of a vertically movable cylinder 26d that supports this support plate 26c so as to be movable in the vertical direction.By applying a predetermined air pressure to the vertically movable cylinder 26d, detection The roll 26a is configured to be able to follow the vertical displacement of the ring-shaped material A due to stretching. The data from the detection means 28 configured as described above is compared and calculated by a control section 30, which is a control means, and the resulting signal is electrically transmitted to the motor 44 of the power cylinder 42.

In order to form a ring-shaped product using the apparatus configured as described above, first, the movable bearing cylinder 38 is contracted to open the bearing arm 20, and the ring-shaped material A is inserted into the mandrel roll 24. After that, the moving bearing cylinder 38 is extended and the bearing arm 20 is closed. Next, the drive motor 34 is driven to drive the pressure roll 18, and at the same time, the elevating cylinder 16 is extended to lower the pressure roll 18 so that it comes into contact with the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped material A, and the pressure roll 18 is brought into contact with the mandrel roll 24. The ring-shaped material A is rotated and stretched in the forming space between the two. At this time, by driving the mandrel roll shaft drive motor 35 at the start of driving and auxiliary driving of the mandrel roll 24 via the ratchet mechanism 37, the operation at the time of starting becomes smooth. In this case, when the rotational speed of the mandrel roll 24 due to the rotation of the pressure roll 18 becomes faster than the rotational speed of the mandrel shaft drive motor 35, the ratchet mechanism 37 causes the mandrel shaft drive motor 35 to idle without transmitting the power. do. In addition, a mandrel roll shaft drive motor 35
Also, a timer (not shown) stops the operation after a certain period of time.

While the material A is being stretch-molded by the rotation of the pressure roll 18 and the mandrel roll 24, the left and right outer diameter dimensions of the material A are detected by the detection means 28, and compared and calculated by the control means 30. If there is a displacement difference that exceeds the tolerance, the signal is transmitted to the motor 44 of the power cylinder 42,
The bearing arm 20 is activated by the operation of the power cylinder 42.
The position of the mandrel roll 24 is adjusted through. For example, in FIG. 2, when the outer diameter of the left side is large, the left side is rolled down more, so a signal is sent to increase the dimension between the left pressure roll 18 and the mandrel roll 24, that is, an action to lower the bearing arm 20. is commanded, and the power cylinder 42 performs a contraction operation. On the other hand, when the outer diameter of the left side is small, a signal is issued to narrow the dimension between the left side pressure roll 18 and the mandrel roll 24, that is, an operation to raise the bearing arm 20 is commanded, and the power cylinder 42 is extended. In this case, the moving bearing arm 20
When the piston rod 38a moves downward, the piston rod 38a of the movable bearing cylinder 38 is pressed toward the bearing arm 20 side by hydraulic pressure. Also, conversely, the bearing arm 20
When the piston rod 38a moves upward, the pressure from the bearing arm 20 overcomes the hydraulic pressure of the moving bearing cylinder 38, so the piston rod 38a moves upward.
As a result, the pressurizing force is absorbed in the entire hydraulic system. Therefore, bearing arm 2
0 and the position of the mandrel roll 24 is absorbed by the movement of the piston rod 38a of the movable bearing cylinder 38 and the rotation angle due to the movable bearing cylinder 38 being pivotally connected by the pin 33. Become.

In order to mold the ring-shaped material A as described above, the material A is divided into a plurality of stages to form the ring-shaped product. For example, outer diameter = 192mm, wall thickness =
To finish ring-shaped material A of 11.5 mm and length = 254 mm into a product with nominal diameter = 406.4 mm and width = 203.2 mm, mold it as follows.

1st stage: Form the outer diameter to approximately 300mm.

Second stage: Molding to an outer diameter of approximately 380mm.

Third stage (final stage): Finish to outer diameter = 406.4mm.

In this case, the working pressure of the pressure roll 18 is 100Kg/cm ²
When molding was performed with Widen the gap on the left side between the roll 18 and the mandrel roll 24,
When the difference between the two became 0.2 mm or less, the pressing of the pressure roll 18 was continued to perform molding.

◎ Second Embodiment FIG. 5 is a front view showing a second embodiment of the ring-shaped product forming apparatus of the present invention, in which the pressure roll is formed so that its position can be adjusted. That is, base 10
The pressure roll 18 is rotatably movable in the vertical direction between the guide roll support part 12a on the upper part of the frame 12 erected above and the piston rod 39a of the position adjustment cylinder 39 which is the position adjustment operation part. The mandrel roll 24 is supported by a pair of frames 12 and 1 erected on the base 10.
This is a case where it is rotatably supported on two sides.
In this case, the pressure roll 18 is attached to a pressure roll case 13 that is fixed to the lower end of a piston rod 18c of a pressure roll elevating cylinder 18b that is suspended downward from the upper part of the frame 12. Both ends of the shaft 18a are attached via bearings 22, 22, and the pressure roll case 18
The pressure roll shaft 18a protruding to one side of d is connected to the piston rod 39a of the position adjustment cylinder 39 via a connecting tool 39b, and the other end of the pressure roll case 13 is provided with a guide rail support portion 12a.
A guide rail 12 is provided vertically along the inner surface of the
A guide 18d is attached to slideably engage b. Therefore, the position of one side of the pressure roll 18 is adjusted as the position adjustment cylinder 39 expands and contracts.
The mandrel roll 24 also has a fixed bearing 22a fixed to the frame 12 and a fixed bearing 22a fixed to the frame 12.
A sprocket 4 of a drive motor 34a installed on a mandrel roll shaft 24a and a mandrel roll shaft 24a that is rotatably supported by a movable bearing 22b that is movable relative to the base 10 and protrudes toward the fixed bearing 22a.
It is designed to be driven by a transmission means such as a chain 47 which is stretched between the motors 5 and 46.

In the second embodiment, the position of the pressure roll 18 is adjusted by the position adjustment cylinder 39, but the position adjustment does not necessarily need to be performed by the position adjustment cylinder 39, and the pressure roll 18 is adjusted in position by the position adjustment cylinder 39. The position adjustment may be performed using the "lever principle" using the power cylinder 42 and lift arm 40 shown in FIG.

The other parts of the second embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, so the same parts are given the same reference numerals and the explanation thereof will be omitted. In addition, in FIG. 5, the reference numeral 26e is a linear scale which is means for detecting the vertical movement amount of the detection roll 26a.

◎ Third Embodiment FIGS. 6 and 7 are a plan view and a front view thereof showing a third embodiment of the molding apparatus of the present invention, in which a pressure roll and a mandrel roll are horizontally opposed to each other, and the mandrel roll is This is a case where the position is adjustable. That is, the pressure roll 18 is extendably supported by a pressure roll actuating cylinder 16' mounted on a cylinder bracket 14 projecting upward from the side of the frame 12 erected on the base 10. A bearing arm 2 is formed to be horizontally rotatable and is pivotally supported by a cylinder bracket 14.
0 between the free end of the bearing 2 and the frame 12.
The mandrel roll 24 is rotatably supported in the horizontal direction via the bearing arms 20 and 22.
This is a case where the ring-shaped material A is interposed between the pressure roll 18 and the mandrel roll 24 which face each other in the horizontal direction, and is stretched. In this case, since it is necessary to support the ring-shaped material A in a horizontal state, a pair of support rolls 52 for supporting the lower end of the material A are provided at the lower part of the frame 12 on the detection means 28 side.
52 is disposed, and side support rolls 50, 50 are disposed at symmetrical positions with respect to the mandrel roll 24 in a direction perpendicular to the support rolls 52, 52.
In this case, the support roll 52 and the side support rolls 50 are formed to be movable and adjustable in accordance with the shape and dimensions of the ring-shaped material A.

The other parts of the third embodiment are basically the same as those of the first embodiment, so the same parts are given the same reference numerals and the explanation thereof will be omitted.

Further, in the third embodiment, the mandrel roll 24 is installed horizontally in a position adjustable manner, but the pressure roll 24 shown in the second embodiment is
It goes without saying that a horizontal installation type in which the position of 8 can be adjusted can also be used in the same manner.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, a molding space is formed between the facing surfaces to regulate the metal flow in the axial direction, and a ring-shaped material is interposed between the rolls facing each other to form a ring. While the ring-shaped material is stretched and rotated, the displacement of the outer diameter of the ring-shaped material during forming is detected and compared, and the signal is transmitted to the one roll, and the position of one side of this roll is determined. Since the ring-shaped material is stretch-molded while adjusting the amount, the following effects can be obtained.

1. Pressing for accurate dimensional accuracy as in the past is not required, and a highly accurate ring-shaped product can be formed with simple equipment and less labor.

2. Since precise adjustment is not required for setting the pressure roll and mandrel roll, work performance can be improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a first embodiment of a ring-shaped product forming apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a main part showing a state in which a mandrel roll is attached in the first embodiment. 4 is a perspective view showing essential parts of the mandrel roll, FIG. 5 is a front view showing a second embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a third embodiment of the invention. Figure 7 is its front view. Symbol explanation, 16...pressure roll lifting cylinder,
16'... Pressure roll operating cylinder, 18... Pressure roll, 20... Bearing arm, 21... Pin,
22...Bearing portion, 22a...Fixed bearing, 22b...
...Movable bearing, 24...Mandrel roll, 26...
... Outer diameter detection device, 28 ... Detection means, 30 ... Control section, 32 ... Position adjustment operation section, 38 ... Cylinder for moving bearing, 39 ... Cylinder for position adjustment, 4
0...Lift arm, 42...Power cylinder.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A molding space is formed between the opposing surfaces to regulate the metal flow in the axial direction, and the rolls face each other, and one roll moves asymptotically toward the other roll. 2.
When forming a ring-shaped product by stretching and forming a ring-shaped material between two rolls, one roll is rotatably supported in the stretching direction, and both ends of the roll are moved vertically or horizontally. While the ring material is stretched and rotated, the displacement of the outer diameter of the ring material is detected and compared, and the signal is transmitted to the one roll. A method for forming a ring-shaped product, characterized by stretching and forming the ring-shaped material to have a uniform wall thickness while adjusting the position. 2 Forming spaces that regulate the axial metal flow between opposing surfaces are formed so that they face each other, and one roll moves asymptotically toward the other roll.
In a ring-shaped product forming apparatus that stretches and forms a ring-shaped material by interposing the ring-shaped material between two rolls, one of the rolls is rotatably supported in the stretching direction of the ring-shaped material, and both ends of the ring-shaped material are supported. The ring-shaped material is supported movably in the vertical or horizontal direction, and includes a detection means for detecting a displacement in the outer diameter dimension of the ring-shaped material, and a control means for comparing data detected by the detection means, and the detection means and 1. An apparatus for forming a ring-shaped product, characterized in that one side of the roll is configured to be adjustable in position by transmitting a signal from a control means to the roll. 3. The apparatus for forming a ring-shaped product according to claim 2, wherein the roll that moves asymptotically is a mandrel roll located on the inner peripheral surface side of the ring-shaped material. 4. The ring-shaped product forming apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the roll that moves asymptotically is a pressure roll located on the outer peripheral surface side of the ring-shaped material. 5. The apparatus for molding a ring-shaped product according to claim 2, wherein the detection means is a detection body that follows and comes into contact with the ring-shaped material in order to measure the outer diameter dimension of the widthwise end of the ring-shaped material being molded. .