JPH0547997Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Field of industrial application) The present invention relates to a vehicle such as a combat vehicle, which has a passenger compartment in the rear of the vehicle body and has an inclined rear door on the rear end of the passenger compartment that opens by its own weight. It is something.

(Prior art) To explain a conventional combat vehicle with reference to Figures 6 and 7, (a) is a vehicle body, and (b) is a rear door in the form of double doors provided on the rear end surface of the vehicle body (a). (b) is supported by a hinge (c) having a vertical rotation axis so that it can be opened and closed in the left and right directions. Also, (d) is the handle provided on the rear door (b),
Operate the same handle (d) in the opening direction, open the rear door (b),
It is designed for passengers to get on and off the train.

Next, other conventional examples of combat vehicles will be explained with reference to Figures 8 and 9. (R) is the rear passenger compartment, (e) is the vehicle body,
(e') is a hatch installed on the top of the vehicle body (e), and (g) is a rear door attached to the rear end of the vehicle body (e) so that it can be opened and closed vertically by a hinge (k) with a horizontal rotation axis. , (h) is the small door installed on the rear door (g), (i) is the hinge of the same small door (h), (j) is the handle installed on the same small door (h), and (l) is the rear Periscope for rear inspection installed in the passenger compartment (R), (m) is the oil tank, (n) is the oil pump, (o) is the piping, (p)
is the switching valve for opening/closing the door, (q) is the flexible hose, (r) is the driving cylinder for opening/closing the rear door, and the hydraulic oil in the oil tank (m) is transferred from the oil pump (n) to the piping (o).
→ Send it to the head side of the hydraulic cylinder (r) through the door opening/closing switching valve (p), operate the hydraulic cylinder (r) in the extension direction, and move the rear door (g) from the solid line position to the two-dot chain line position. The rear door (g) is rotated to open the rear door (g) for passengers to get on and off, and the hydraulic oil in the oil tank (m) is pumped from the oil pump (n) → piping (o) → switching valve for opening and closing the door (p). Then, it is sent to the rod side of the hydraulic cylinder (r), and the same hydraulic cylinder (r)
is operated in the retracting direction to rotate the rear door (g) from the two-dot chain line position to the solid line position, thereby closing the rear door (g).

(Problems to be solved by the invention) In the conventional combat vehicle shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the weight of the rear door (b) is supported by the hinge (c), so the weight of the rear door (b) is Although each door weighs about 100 to 200 kg, the opening/closing force is about 1/10 of that amount, so opening and closing the rear door (b) does not require that much operating force. On the other hand, in the conventional combat vehicles shown in Figures 8 and 9, in order to make the vehicle smaller and lighter, and to improve armor combat power by installing new embrasures, the rear door
(g) has been changed from a vertical type to an inclined type, and when opening and closing the rear door (g), a large operating force is required and a hydraulic drive device must be installed, increasing manufacturing costs and maintenance and management costs. Moreover, it requires a large installation space inside the car. That is, by changing the rear door (g) from the vertical position (A) to the inclined position as shown in FIG. 10, it becomes possible to reduce the size and weight of the vehicle accordingly. In addition, in order to improve armor combat power, the rear door
When installing a new crenelation (f) on (g), it is necessary to avoid increasing the weight of the vehicle or impairing the comfort of the rear door.
(g) needs to be changed from a vertical type to an inclined type as shown in Figure 11. For the reasons mentioned above, the combat vehicles shown in Figures 8 and 9 have changed the rear door (g) to a slanted type, and the hinge (k)
It is designed to open and close in the vertical direction centering on the .
In that case, as shown in Figure 10, the ±Wsinθ component is applied as an operating force when opening and closing the rear door (g), so it is difficult to open and close the rear door (g) manually, as shown in Figure 8. As shown, the oil tank (m), oil pump (n), piping (o), door opening/closing switching valve (p), and hydraulic cylinder.
(r) A hydraulic drive device must be installed, which increases production costs, maintenance and management costs, and requires a large installation space inside the vehicle.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention addresses the above-mentioned problems by providing a passenger compartment in the rear of the vehicle body, and providing an inclined rear door at the rear end of the passenger compartment that opens under its own weight. In a vehicle, a recess is formed in a corner between the top surface of the vehicle body and the rear end surface of the vehicle body, and an elastic member is housed inside the recess that operates in a contracting direction in conjunction with the movement of the rear door in the opening direction. The vehicle is characterized by being equipped with a cylinder-type actuator that compresses the body, and its purpose is to reduce production costs, maintenance and management costs, and eliminate the need for installation space inside the vehicle for the door drive device. The aim is to provide an improved vehicle that can.

(Function) The vehicle of the present invention is configured as described above,
When the rear door is operated in the opening direction, the rear door rotates under its own weight. At this time, the trailing door operates the cylinder type actuator in the contraction direction, and the elastic body housed within the cylinder type actuator is compressed.
A reaction force corresponding to the weight of the rear door is generated within the cylinder type actuator, and the rear door is held in the open position. Further, when the rear door is operated in the closing direction from this state, the rear door is rotated by the reaction force and returns to the closed position.

(Embodiment) Next, the vehicle of the present invention will be explained using an embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. 1, 1 is a rear door;
9 is a pair of door-side bearing members fixed to the upper and lower positions of the rear door 1; 9 is a pair of vehicle-body side bearing members fixed to the upper and lower positions of the rear end surface of the vehicle body 18 with bolts 10; 11;
are a pair of vehicle body side bearing members fixed by welding to the upper and lower positions of the rear end surface of the vehicle body 18, 6 is the upper and lower opening/closing central axis, and the upper opening/closing central axis 6 is the upper vehicle body side bearing members 9, 11 and the door side bearing member. 14, the lower opening/closing central shaft 6 passes through the lower vehicle body side bearing members 9, 11 and the door side bearing member 14, and the upper and lower opening/closing central shafts 6 go around the upper and lower door side bearing members 14. Stop pin 7
The upper and lower opening/closing central axes 6 are inclined at an angle of about 5 to 30 degrees in the front-back direction with respect to the imaginary vertical line, and the rear door 1 is tilted in the opening direction around the opening/closing central axis 6 due to its own weight. It's supposed to rotate. 8 again
is a roller bearing interposed between each of the vehicle body side bearing members 9 and each of the opening/closing central shafts 6; 12 is a sliding bearing interposed between each of the vehicle body side bearing members 11 and the opening/closing central shaft 6; 5 is an arm fixed to the upper end of the upper opening/closing central shaft 6 via a rotation stopper pin 7;
9 is a recess formed along the left-right direction at a corner between the upper surface of the vehicle body 18 and the rear end surface of the vehicle body 18; 2 is a cylinder type actuator disposed within the recess 19; , extendable and retractable cylinders 2a and 2h, a screw 2d screwed into the cylinder 2h, a rod 2b fitted into the inner hole of the screw 2d and fixed at one end to the end surface of the cylinder 2a, and the rod 2b. A bearing 2e interposed between the screw 2d, a piston 2c fitted into the tip of the rod 2b, a seal 2f interposed between the piston 2c and the screw 2d, and the rod 2b. A nut 2j screwed onto the tip, an elastic body (silicone oil or silicone elastic body) 2k with high elasticity (bulk elastic modulus) sealed in the cylinder 2h, and a spherical surface fixed to the outer end surface of the cylinders 2a, 2h. Consisting of bearings 2i, 2i,
The spherical bearing 2i on the cylinder 2h side is pivotally connected to the tip of the arm 5 via the pin 4, and the spherical bearing 2i on the cylinder 2a side is pivotally attached to the bracket 3 on the vehicle body 18 side via the pin 4. There is. Also 1
6 is a crenelation provided on the rear door 1, 17 is a handle provided on the rear door 1, 15 is a periscope for rear inspection provided on the rear upper surface of the vehicle body 18, C is a passenger, and L is the length of the cylinder type actuator 2. be. Note that the silicone elastic body has almost no change or deterioration over time and can be used semi-permanently.

Next, the operation of the vehicle shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 will be explained in detail. When the rear door 1 in the closed state is held by the handle 17 and pulled rearward, the rear door 1 rotates by its own weight. At this time, the opening/closing center shaft 6 and the arm 5 also rotate together with the rear door 1 from the solid line position in FIG. When activated, the elastic body 2k housed in the cylinder type actuator 2 is compressed by the rod 2b and the piston 2c moving to the right, the internal pressure of the cylinder type actuator 2 increases, and the piston 2c moves toward the end surface of the cylinder 2h. When it comes into contact with the cylinder type actuator 2, a reaction force of F _i ^kg =φx ² /4=P is generated (fifth
(see figure). This reaction force F _i reaches several hundred kilograms even though the cylinder type actuator 2 is small, so it is sufficiently balanced with the weight of the rear door 1 and the rear door 1 is held in the open position. Note that by setting the end surface 14a of the door-side bearing member 14 to abut against the vehicle body 18 at a position beyond point Q on the line BB shown in FIG. 2, the rear door 1 can be stopped at a predetermined position. Further, in the open position, the reaction force F _i acts on the rear door 1, and simply pushing the rear door 1 in the closing direction returns it to the original closed position.

(Effect of the invention) When the vehicle of the invention operates the rear door in the opening direction as described above and rotates the rear door by its own weight,
The rear door operates the cylinder-type actuator in the contraction direction, compressing the elastic body housed within the cylinder-type actuator, and generating a reaction force in the cylinder-type actuator corresponding to the weight of the rear door. The rear door is held in the open position, the rear door is operated in the closing direction from this state, and the reaction force described above returns it to the closed position, so the drive device that opens and closes the rear door has a simpler structure than a hydraulic drive device. It becomes a cylinder-type actuator, which reduces manufacturing costs. In addition, the cylinder type actuator has higher reliability and safety than hydraulic drive devices, and can reduce maintenance and management costs. In addition, the cylinder-type actuator is installed in a recess formed in the corner between the top surface of the vehicle body and the rear end surface of the vehicle body, which has the effect of eliminating the installation space required for the hydraulic drive device inside the vehicle. be.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a rear view showing an embodiment of a vehicle according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view showing an enlarged portion of the arrow in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is taken along the line indicated by the arrow in Fig. 1. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional plan view of the cylinder type actuator, FIG. Fig. 8 is a vertical side view showing another conventional example, Fig. 9 is a rear view thereof, and Fig. 1
Figures 0 and 11 are explanatory diagrams showing the reason why the rear door is made of an inclined type. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Rear door, 2... Cylinder type actuator, 2k... Elastic body, 18... Vehicle body, 19... Recessed part.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] In a vehicle that has a passenger compartment in the rear of the vehicle, has an observation device such as a periscope on the top of the passenger compartment, and has a rear door on the rear end of the passenger compartment that is slanted and difficult to operate manually, the top of the vehicle is A recess is formed in the corner between the rear door and the rear end surface of the vehicle body, and the retractor operates in the retracting direction in conjunction with the movement of the rear door in the opening direction so as not to protrude from the upper surface of the passenger compartment into the recess. A cylinder-type actuator that compresses the silicone elastic body housed inside is arranged horizontally at right angles to the vehicle traveling direction, one end of the actuator is rotatably attached to the vehicle side, and the other end is mounted on a shaft extending from the door rotation center axis. A vehicle characterized in that it is fixed to an arm that fits into the vehicle.