JPH05345139A - Roller type grinding apparatus and grinding method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the sudden damage of the respective parts of a grinding part by providing a means measuring the load fluctuations of the grinding part and a means calculating the stress fluctuations and fatigue damage degree of the part of a grinding apparatus on the basis of the measured value. CONSTITUTION:A means measuring the load fluctuations of a grinding part and a means calculating the stress fluctuations and fatigue damage degree of the part of a grinding apparatus on the basis of the measured value are provided. By this constitution, the magnitude of the load fluctuations acting on the grinding part is estimated from the load fluctuations of a loading rod 13 and the stress fluctuations generated in respective parts are estimated using the relation between the load and generated stress preliminarily calculated at every parts by finite-element analysis to be stored in a computer 23 and, by calculating the fatigue damage degrees of the respective parts, the fatigue damage degrees of the respective parts can accurately be known. By foreseeing the inspection and replacement periods of the respective parts on the basis of the fatigue damage degrees, the sudden damage accident of parts can be prevented.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a roller type crushing device and an operating method thereof, and more particularly to a roller type crushing device suitable for predicting an inspection / replacement time of each part of the crushing device and an operating method thereof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 6 shows the entire structure of a roller type crusher. The yoke 10 is rotatably mounted on an output shaft of a speed reducer 11 connected to a motor, and an annular crushing ring 1 is fixed on the yoke 10. In the recess 1A on the crushing ring 1, three sets of rollers 2 fixed to a roller bracket 3 by a roller shaft and a bearing so as to be rotatable are installed at equal intervals. Grooves into which the pins 4 are inserted are machined in the upper portion of the roller bracket 3 and the lower surface of the pressure frame 9, and the roller bracket 3 and the roller 2 are pressed onto the crushing ring 1 by the pressure frame 9 via the pins 4, 2 is designed not to fall. A pivot arm 12 is attached to the pressure frame 9, and the other end of the pivot arm 12 is connected to a loading rod 13 connected to a pressure cylinder 17.

When the input shaft of the speed reducer 11 is rotated by the motor, the yoke 10 attached to the output shaft of the speed reducer 11 is rotated.
And the crushing ring 1 fixed to the yoke 10 rotates. At this time, the pressure cylinder 17 pulls the loading rod 13, and this pulling force is applied to the pivot arm 1.
The pressing frame 9 is pressed downward via 2 and the pressing frame 9 presses the roller 2 against the crushing ring 1 via the pin 4 and the roller bracket 3. The material to be crushed (for example, coal) is dropped from the supply pipe 14 at the upper center, sandwiched between the roller 2 and the crushing ring 1, and crushed by the crushing action. The crushed object to be crushed (for example, pulverized coal) is blown up by hot air 30, passes through the classifier 15, falls to the outlet pipe 16 for particles having a predetermined particle size, and falls to the crushing portion for particles having a larger particle size. It has a structure that can be crushed again.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the above-mentioned conventional apparatus, a large stress is generated in the crushing part due to impact or vibration during crushing,
There has been a problem that the parts of the crushing part are suddenly fatigue-damaged and the operation of the crushing device is hindered. In the roller type crushing device shown in FIG.
During this time, the crushed portion composed of the yoke 10, the roller 2, the roller bracket 3, the pressure frame 9 and the like is constantly subjected to a severe impact load. These parts are designed so as not to be fatigue-fractured even when subjected to a severe impact load, but may be operated under severe conditions that exceed the design conditions, such as foreign substances such as metals mixed in the crushed object. Therefore, an unexpectedly large impact load may be generated in the crushing section, and fatigue damage to each part of the crushing section may progress, resulting in fatigue failure of the part. When a part is damaged, it is necessary to stop the crusher for a long time to replace the part,
This will hinder the operation of the crusher.

The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems by estimating the stress and fatigue damage degree occurring in each part of the crushing part, and predicting the inspection and replacement time of each part, thereby suddenly It is an object of the present invention to provide a roller-type crushing device that prevents damage to the material and a crushing method using the same.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the first invention of the present application is to provide a crushing ring rotatably supported in a housing, and to arrange the crushing ring on the crushing ring at a predetermined interval along the rotation direction. A plurality of crushing rollers, a pressure frame for applying pressure through a roller bracket that rotatably supports the rollers, and a loading rod that is connected to the pressure frame and applies a load to the pressure frame. In a roller type crusher for crushing an object between a crushing ring and a roller, means for measuring a load variation of a crushing section, and means for obtaining a stress variation and a fatigue damage degree of parts of the crushing apparatus based on the measured value of the means. The present invention relates to a roller type crushing device characterized by being provided with.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a plurality of crushing rollers are arranged at predetermined intervals in the rotation direction on a crushing ring rotatably supported in a housing, and the rollers are provided with a pressure frame and the frame. In a crushing method using a roller-type crusher that applies pressure by a loading rod attached to the crusher and presses it against the crushing ring to crush the object to be crushed between the crushing ring and the rotating roller, measure the load fluctuation of the crushing part Then, the stress generated in each part of the crusher and the stress fluctuation are estimated from this load fluctuation, the fatigue damage degree of each part is estimated by this, and the roller type crusher characterized by predicting the inspection and replacement time of each part It relates to the grinding method used.

According to a third aspect of the invention, a plurality of crushing rollers are arranged at predetermined intervals in the rotation direction on a crushing ring rotatably supported in a housing, and the rollers are pressed by a pressure device. In a crushing method using a roller crusher for pressing the crushing ring onto the crushing ring and crushing the object to be crushed between the crushing ring and the roller, the crushing load fluctuation of the roller crushing device is obtained, and by this, The present invention relates to a crushing method using a roller-type crusher characterized by estimating stress fluctuations and fatigue damage and controlling operating conditions of the crusher based on the estimated stress fluctuations and fatigue damage.

[0009]

[Function] The magnitude of the load fluctuation acting on the crushing part is estimated from the load fluctuation of the loading rod, and the relationship between the load and the generated stress is obtained in advance by finite element analysis for each part. It is possible to accurately know the fatigue damage degree of each part by estimating the stress fluctuation occurring in the part, storing it in a computer, and calculating the fatigue damage degree of each part. By predicting the inspection and replacement time of each component based on this, it becomes possible to prevent accidental damage to the components.

[0010]

【Example】

(I) Overall Structure FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a roller type crushing device according to the present invention.
A yoke 1 is provided on the output shaft of the speed reducer 11 connected to the motor.
0 is rotatably mounted and this yoke 1
An annular crushing ring 1 is fixed on the 0. In the hollow portion 1A on the crushing ring 1, three sets of rollers 2 fixed to a roller bracket 3 by a roller shaft and a bearing so as to be rotatable are installed at equal intervals (the present invention is not limited to three sets). .. Grooves into which the pins 4 are inserted are machined in the upper portion of the roller bracket 3 and the lower surface of the pressure frame 9, and the roller bracket 3 and the roller 2 are pressed onto the crushing ring 1 by the pressure frame 9 via the pins 4, 2 is designed not to fall. A pivot arm 12 is attached to the pressure frame 9, and the other end of the pivot arm 12 is connected to the loading rod 13. Loading rod 13
Is connected to a pressure cylinder 17 via a load cell 20 for measuring a load, and by pulling the loading rod 13 by the pressure cylinder 17, the pressure frame 9 is pressed downward to crush the roller 2. It has a structure that is pressed onto the ring.

A load cell 20 is mounted between the loading rod 13 and the pressure cylinder 17 for pressing the roller 2 onto the crushing ring 1, and the pressure cylinder 17 is provided.
The load acting on the loading rod 13 can be measured by pressurizing. The load measured as a voltage by the load cell 20 is amplified by an amplifier 21, converted into a digital signal by an A / D (analog / digital) converter 22, and then sent to a computer 23 such as a personal computer or a workstation. Be done. Further, a display 24 for display, a keyboard 25, and a large-capacity data storage device 26 such as a hard disk are connected to the computer 23.

During crushing, the object to be crushed is crushed between the roller 2 and the crushing ring 1, so that the roller 2 is constantly subjected to an impact force from the object to be crushed. The roller 2 is the roller bracket 3,
Since the pressing cylinder 17 presses the crushing ring 1 through the pin 4, the pressing frame 9, the pivot arm 12, and the loading rod 13, the impact force of the roller 2 is applied to the roller bracket 3 and the pin 4. From the pressure frame 9 and the pivot arm 12 to the loading rod 13. Therefore, by measuring the load of the loading rod 13, it is possible to know the magnitude of the load of the crushing portion constituted by the yoke 10, the crushing ring 1, the roller 2, the roller bracket 3, the pressure frame 9, and the like. In the roller type crushing device according to the present invention, the loading rod 13
Since the load cell 20 is attached between the pressurizing cylinder 17 and the pressurizing cylinder 17, it is possible to measure the impact force generated in the crushing section. Since the conventional roller type crushing device is not provided with a mechanism for detecting the impact load, the impact force of the crushing unit cannot be measured. During crushing, the load fluctuation of the loading rod 13 is continuously measured as a voltage change in the load cell 20, amplified by the amplifier 21, and then A
It is converted into digital data by the / D converter 22 and taken into the computer 23.

In the roller type crushing device according to the present invention, the load fluctuations taken in by the computer 23 are generated in each part of the crushing section such as the yoke 10, the crushing ring 1, the roller 2, the roller bracket 3 and the pressure frame 9. It is possible to estimate the magnitude of stress and the degree of fatigue damage, predict the timing of inspection and replacement of each component based on this, and prevent damage accidents of the component in advance.

A method for estimating the magnitude of the stress generated in each part of the crushing section and the degree of fatigue damage from the load fluctuations continuously taken in by the computer 23 will be described below.
The stress generated in each part of the crushing part is calculated for each part in advance by using the relationship between the applied load and the generated stress obtained by the stress analysis such as the finite element method.
Can be estimated. That is, the generated stress σ of each component
Can be estimated by the following equation.

[0015]

## EQU1 ## σ = αW (1) where W is the acting load, measured by the load cell 20, and taken into the computer 23. Further, α is a ratio of the applied load and the generated stress which is previously obtained by finite element analysis or the like, and needs to be obtained for each part. α can be easily obtained for each part by performing stress analysis by the finite element method, for example. Figure 2
An analysis model of the yoke 10 is shown as an example of the finite element analysis. In this model, symmetry is taken into consideration and 1/3 of the entire circumference is modeled. By applying a load W to the model as shown in FIG. 2 and performing stress analysis, the detailed stress distribution of the yoke 10 can be known, and the maximum value σ _max of generated stress and its generation position can be known. If the maximum stress σ _max is known from the stress analysis, α can be calculated by the following equation.

[0016]

## EQU2 ## α = σ _max / W (2) If fatigue fracture occurs, it is the maximum stress generation point, so α should be determined only for the maximum stress σ _max of each component. FIG. 3 shows an example of the result of obtaining the stress fluctuation from the load fluctuation of the loading rod 13 using the above method, that is, the formula (1).

FIG. 3 (a) shows the load fluctuation measured by the load cell 20, and FIG. 3 (b) shows the stress fluctuation calculated by the equation (1). Next, a method of estimating the degree of fatigue damage will be described. If the magnitude of the stress generated in each component is known, the fatigue damage degree can be calculated using the stress amplitude Δσ shown in FIG. 3B and the fatigue strength curve shown in FIG. Figure 4
In the above, the vertical axis represents the stress amplitude Δσ, and the horizontal axis represents the number of repetitions N, which means that when the stress amplitude Δσ ₁ is repeated N ₁ times, fatigue fracture occurs. Similarly, fatigue failure occurs when the stress amplitude Δσ ₂ is repeated N ₂ times. Further, Δσ _W is a fatigue limit, and if the stress amplitude Δσ is smaller than Δσ _W, fatigue failure does not occur. As can be seen from FIG. 3B, the magnitude of the stress amplitude Δσ is constantly changing, and in this case, the degree of fatigue damage can be evaluated by the linear damage law represented by the following equation.

[0018]

[Equation 3]

Here, C is the degree of fatigue damage, and C = 1
If it becomes, it will be destroyed by fatigue. Also, n _iIs the stress amplitude Δσ_i
Is the number of times_iIs Δσ on the fatigue strength curve_iAgainst
The corresponding N value. By the above method, as shown in FIG.
Fatigue damage degree C is calculated from the stress fluctuation of each part as shown.
be able to. As described above, the roller-type powder according to the present invention
In the crusher, the load cell 20 is used for the measurement by the above method.
Is the load fluctuation that is determined and taken into the computer 23?
It is possible to calculate the stress fluctuation and fatigue damage of each part from
It The calculated stress variation and fatigue damage of each part are constantly
Displayed on the display 24,
You can know the degree of fatigue damage of each part by looking at it.
It If the fatigue damage degree C approaches 1,
Display that parts need inspection and replacement
By displaying it on 24 and prompting the inspection and replacement of parts,
It is possible to prevent damage accidents to the crushing parts.
It

As described above, according to the roller type crushing device of the present invention, it is possible to estimate the stress generated and fatigue damage degree of each part of the crushing part, and to predict the inspection and replacement time of each part. It is possible to prevent damage to each part of the crushing section. Another embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, the data of the stress generated and the fatigue damage degree of each part estimated from the load value of the loading rod 13 are sent to the operation control device of the crusher, and this data is used for the operation control of the crusher. is there.

In the present embodiment, when the occurrence of excessive stress in each component is detected, for example, the pressing force of the pressure cylinder 17 or the amount of material to be crushed supplied to the crushing device is reduced.
By controlling the operation so that the degree of fatigue damage does not increase, it is possible to prolong the life of each part of the crushing section.

[0022]

According to the present invention, it is possible to estimate the stress and fatigue damage degree of each component of the crushing unit of the roller type crusher, and to predict the inspection and replacement time of each component.
This has the effect of preventing damage to each part of the crushing unit.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a roller type crushing device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a finite element analysis model diagram of a yoke portion of a roller type crusher.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a load fluctuation of a loading rod and a stress fluctuation calculated from the load fluctuation.

FIG. 4 is a fatigue strength curve diagram of a material.

FIG. 5 is a diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an overall view of a conventional roller type crushing device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Grinding ring, 2 ... Roller, 3 ... Roller bracket,
4 ... Pin, 9 ... Pressurizing frame, 10 ... Yoke, 11 ... Reducer, 12 ... Pivot arm, 13 ... Loading rod, 14 ... Supply pipe, 15 ... Classifier, 16 ... Exit pipe, 17
… Pressurizing cylinder, 19… Housing, 20 load cell,
21 ... Amplifier, 22 ... A / D exchanger, 23 ... Computer, 24 ... Display, 25 ... Keyboard, 26 ... Storage device.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A crushing ring rotatably supported in a housing, a plurality of crushing rollers arranged on the crushing ring at predetermined intervals along the rotation direction, and a roller rotatably supporting the rollers. In a roller type crushing device for crushing an object to be crushed between a crushing ring and a roller, which is provided with a pressure frame for applying pressure via a bracket and a loading rod connected to the pressure frame and applying a load to the pressure frame, A roller-type crushing device comprising: a means for measuring a load variation of a part; and a means for obtaining a stress variation and a fatigue damage degree of a component of the crushing device based on a measured value of the means. 2. A crushing ring rotatably supported in a housing, wherein a plurality of crushing rollers are arranged at predetermined intervals along the rotation direction, and the rollers are attached to a pressure frame and the frame. In a crushing method using a roller-type crusher that pressurizes with a rod and presses against the crushing ring, and crushes the object to be crushed between the crushing ring and the rotating roller, the load fluctuation of the crushing unit is measured, and this load is measured. A crushing method using a roller crusher characterized by estimating the generated stress and stress fluctuation of each part of the crusher from the fluctuation, estimating the fatigue damage degree of each part by this, and predicting the inspection and replacement time of each part .. 3. A crushing ring rotatably supported in a housing, wherein a plurality of crushing rollers are arranged at predetermined intervals along the rotation direction, and the rollers are pressed by a pressure device to press the crushing ring. In a crushing method using a roller crusher for pressing an object to be crushed between a crushing ring and a roller, a crushing load fluctuation of the roller crushing device is obtained, and thereby a stress fluctuation and fatigue of each part of the crushing device are obtained. A crushing method using a roller-type crushing device, characterized in that the degree of damage is estimated and the operating conditions of the crushing device are controlled based on this.