JPH05340317A - Fuel supplying method of combustion device and fuel heating device therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the fuel supplying method of a combustion device and a fuel heating device therefor, which can promote the fuel gasification and improve the combustion efficiency. CONSTITUTION:Fuel flowing through a passage 3 is heated approximately to its boiling point by a heating device A in the way of the fuel passage 3 connected to a combustion chamber in a combustion device 1, so as to be supplied into the combustion chamber. Thereby, good gasification for fuel combustion is expedited by heating fuel, so that the combustion efficiency in the combustion chamber may be improved, and the combustion device 1 can be effectively used, moreover harmful matter in the exhaust gas can be decreased.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fuel supply method for a combustor used for a fuel device in an internal combustion engine used in a combustor, such as an automobile, and a fuel heating apparatus for the fuel supply method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in an internal combustion engine used in a combustor, such as an automobile, the form of fuel injected by a fuel injection injector or a carburetor is
Fine droplets are introduced into the combustion chamber.

Then, the spark plug is ignited by a means such as spontaneous ignition due to heat of compression to burn and explode and act on the piston to obtain rotational power.

Generally, fuel injection in an internal combustion engine is
Although it is performed by direct injection into the air port or into the combustion chamber, or by a carburetor, in the case of fuel injection by the injector into the intake air port, which is often used in gasoline engines at present, A large amount of mist-like fuel, which has become droplets, enters the fuel chamber in the state where it adheres to the intake port or intake valve and sags and flows. Various problems called "time delay" occur.

Therefore, even if the throttle valve is opened when an attempt is made to accelerate, the fuel adheres to the intake port and the intake valve, so that the required fuel is not immediately filled in the combustion chamber and the mixture ratio is lean. As a result, the change in the throttle opening is sensed by means such as electronic means, and the fuel is increased and injected so that the desired mixture ratio is achieved.

Further, when the throttle valve is closed during deceleration, the intake air amount immediately decreases, but the fuel adhering to the intake port and the intake valve enters the combustion chamber, so the mixing ratio is unnecessarily high. Will become dark.

As a result, the amount of HC and CO emissions increases, and as a preventive measure, auxiliary air control is performed to send air into the combustion chamber even during deceleration. It is inevitable that the braking effectiveness will deteriorate.

[0008] The part that enters the fuel chamber through the wall surface of the intake port sticks to the surface of the piston and the surface of the fuel chamber and is burned to a crease, so that harmful components such as bydrocarbon are discharged. Will end up.

Further, in order to reduce the time delay, in order to prevent fuel from adhering to the intake port as much as possible, the center of the spray of the injector should be directed toward the intake valve so that it is not far from the intake valve, or the injector is mounted in two directions. Also, by improving the shape of the injector nozzle to reduce the particle size of the fuel, other than that, the intake air is sent near the injector nozzle, and the fuel is placed in that flow and sent to the fuel chamber. Various methods using assist air and the like have been performed, but various problems resulting from fuel time delay and the like have not been solved.

Further, in both the diesel engine and the gasoline engine, a certain amount of the droplets burns as they are before the injected fuel is completely vaporized in the combustion chamber and burns from the outer peripheral surface of the droplets. As the combustion spreads to the center of the droplet, the droplet expands and burns while vaporizing, so that there is a shortage of oxygen in the vicinity, and if there is little internal convection, adverse effects such as incomplete combustion may occur. become. There were various problems such as.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and passes through the air supply passage in the middle of the fuel supply passage connected to the combustion chamber of the combustor. (EN) A fuel supply method and device for a combustor, which heats fuel to around the boiling point by a heating means and supplies the fuel to the combustion chamber to promote vaporization of the fuel and improve combustion efficiency. Has a purpose.

[0012]

The means of the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is to heat the fuel passing through the air supply passage in the middle of the fuel supply passage connected to the combustion chamber of the combustor. In the fuel supply method for a combustor, the fuel is heated to around the boiling point by a means and supplied to the combustion chamber.

The fuel heating device for a combustor is provided with heating means for heating the fuel passing through the air supply passage in the middle of the fuel supply passage connected to the combustion chamber of the combustor. ..

Further, a burner corresponding to the combustion chamber, a horn which surrounds the outer periphery of the flame portion of the burner, a fuel pipe arranged on the inner peripheral portion of the horn, and a fuel blowing portion which is connected to the fuel pipe And a delivery member for delivering the fuel to the combustor.

[0015]

The present invention having the above-described structure has the following functions. When the heating means provided in the air supply passage connected to the combustion chamber heats the fuel passing through the air supply passage to around the boiling point, the fuel flowing in the liquid state is in a state immediately before boiling. The fuel blown out from the injector is instantaneously vaporized at the same time as it is jetted out, and if it becomes a high-speed gas flow and is uniformly stirred and mixed with air, it is sucked into the combustion chamber.

Therefore, the fuel is burned in the combustion chamber with high efficiency.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a fuel supply method and device for a combustor according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 4, reference character A denotes a fuel heating device for a combustor according to the first embodiment, which is provided in the middle of a fuel supply passage 3 connected to a combustion chamber 2 in the combustor 1. ..

The above-mentioned combustor 1 is used for transportation machinery such as gasoline, diesel engine, jet engine, boiler, dryer, used in automobiles and ships.
In addition, a combustion device using a burner or the like is adopted.

In the engine 1 described above, a fuel supply member 4 such as an injector or a carburetor for injecting fuel is connected to the combustion chamber 2 through a fuel pipe 6 to form an air supply passage 3. ..

The fuel heating device A described above is shown in FIG.
Also, as shown in FIG. 3, a screw or the like connected to the fuel pipe 6 is connected to both ends of the outer frame 7 formed of a material that has a predetermined strength made of metal, ceramic, or the like and does not easily dissipate heat to the outside. It has members 8 and 8 and has a fuel flow passage 9 inside.
Are formed.

A heating means 10 is provided on the outer periphery of the flow passage 9 so as to surround the flow passage 9, and uses a heat source such as an electric heater or exhaust heat or combustion heat of the engine. Thus, the fuel is brought to a state around the boiling point of the fuel, that is, immediately before boiling to vaporize the liquid fuel.

A heat insulating material 11 may be provided on the outer circumference of the heating means 10 as shown in FIG.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, if the heating means 10 is attached to the inner circumference of the outer frame 7 and the fuel pipe 6 is spirally arranged inside this, sufficient heating can be achieved even for the fuel flowing at high speed. In addition, a temperature sensor 12 having its detecting portion facing the inside is attached to the outer frame 7 to constantly maintain the fuel boiling point.

A check valve is provided in the fuel pipe 6 before and after the outer frame 7 to prevent the backflow of the fuel having a boiling point.
13 are provided.

As shown in FIG. 4, the fuel heating device A may be provided integrally with the front part of the injector, in which case the temperature of the heated fuel does not drop. More efficient.

In FIG. 5, A is a fuel heating device for a combustor according to the second embodiment, which includes a burner 14, a horn 15 surrounding the burner 14, and a fuel disposed on the inner peripheral portion of the horn 15. It basically comprises a pipe 16 and a delivery member 17 connected to the fuel pipe 16.

The burner 14 is installed in the combustion chamber 2 of the combustor 1 such as a heat exchanger or a boiler.

The horn 15 is of a reflection type in order to efficiently utilize the heat generated by the burner 14, and is formed so as to surround the outer periphery of the flame portion of the burner 14.

The fuel pipe 16 is a heating means 10 for heating the fuel supplied to the burner 14 to around the boiling point thereof by utilizing the heat of the burner 14, and is provided on the inner peripheral portion of the horn 15. Are arranged in the above-mentioned arrangement, and are provided in the middle of the fuel pipe 6 which is pressure-fed to the fuel blowing portion by the feeding member 17 such as a pump.

Next, the operation will be described based on the above-described first embodiment device.

In the air supply passage 3 connected to the combustion chamber 2 in the gasoline engine 1, in the middle of the fuel pipe 6,
A heating means 10 having a built-in heater is attached inside, and when the heating means 10 is operated to heat the fuel passing through the air supply passage 3 to around the boiling point, the fuel flowing in a liquid state Is in the state just before it boils.

Therefore, the fuel blown out from the fuel injection device 4 is instantly vaporized at the same time as it is jetted out, and if it becomes a high-speed gas flow and is uniformly stirred and mixed with air, it is sucked into the combustion chamber 2 of the engine 1. Will be done.

In the case of a 2,000 cc class gasoline engine 1, at 3,000 rpm / min, the amount of fuel injected per cylinder per explosion is about 0.01 cc, but its injection speed depends on the diameter of the nozzle hole. The injection time is 1/10 with 1mm
If it is 00s, it will be about 10m / s.

A cross-sectional area of about 1 mm (from the nozzle, which is ejected by the spray mist, the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the droplets gives a numerical value equivalent to the diameter of the nozzle, so that convection is generated in the fuel chamber 2. The liquid does not cause a large convection in the combustion chamber even if it spouts a length of 10 mm for 1/1000 s, but its fuel expands as a vaporized gas flow. Then, the composition is different depending on the place of production of the fuel, so the magnification is not constant,
If it is vaporized and expanded by a thousand times, then the velocity of the jet flow,
The volume increases greatly.

The volume of the fuel gas is 10cc-20cc,
Even if the cross-sectional area of the gas flow is 10 mm, the length of the gas jet is 10 cm to 20 cm. (10 cm × 1 / 1,000 s = 100 / s) And since its flow velocity is an ultra-high-speed flow of 100 m / s to 200 m / s, it is possible to generate sufficient convection for stirring and mixing in the combustion chamber. Therefore, good combustion is performed, harmful exhaust gas is reduced, and combustion efficiency is improved.

[0037]

As described above, according to the present invention, for example, in an engine in which fuel is injected into the intake port by the injector of a gasoline engine, the fuel heated to around the boiling point by the heating unit is injected into the nozzle of the injector. At the same time as it is ejected from the air, it instantly vaporizes, becomes a high-speed gas flow, and is uniformly agitated and mixed with the air in the intake air port, while being sucked into the combustion chamber, providing the optimum conditions for combustion. Since the vaporized mixed gas is provided, the combustion condition in the combustion chamber of the engine becomes very good combustion with little generation of CO and HC.

Further, since it is close to the completely vaporized mixed gas, the combustion speed becomes very fast, so that the ignition timing can be set to the top dead center or after the top dead center, so that the pressure generated by the explosive combustion can be effectively applied from the piston to the crank. It is something that can be transmitted to the axis.

Furthermore, since the fuel vaporizes instantaneously at the time of fuel injection, the above-mentioned problems such as time delay do not occur as a problem of the existing technology. The same effect is exhibited even in an engine in which fuel is directly injected into the combustion chamber.

Furthermore, when the heated fuel is jetted into the combustion chamber, it vaporizes and expands at the same time, resulting in a high-speed vaporization or gas flow, causing convection in the fuel chamber, and air and vaporized gas in the fuel chamber everywhere. Since it burns while being mixed with stirring, harmful substances in the exhaust gas are greatly reduced,
Since the combustion time is shortened, the ignition time can be set to the top dead center or after the top dead center, and the generated pressure can be effectively utilized. It has special effects such as.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a fuel heating device for a combustor according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main part in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the device in FIG.

4 is an explanatory diagram showing still another example of the apparatus in FIG. 1. FIG.

5 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the apparatus in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Combustor 2 Combustion chamber 3 Air supply flow path 10 Heating means 14 Burner 15 Horn 16 Fuel pipe 17 Delivery member

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] November 18, 1992

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] Full text

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Document name] Statement

Patent application title: Fuel supply method for combustor and fuel heating apparatus thereof

[Claims]

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fuel supply method for a combustor used for a fuel device in an internal combustion engine used in a combustor, such as an automobile, and a fuel heating apparatus for the fuel supply method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in an internal combustion engine used in a combustor, such as an automobile, the form of fuel injected by a fuel injection injector or a carburetor is
Fine droplets are introduced into the combustion chamber.

Then, the spark plug is ignited by a means such as spontaneous ignition due to heat of compression to burn and explode and act on the piston to obtain rotational power.

Generally, fuel injection in an internal combustion engine is
Although it is performed by direct injection into the air port or into the combustion chamber, or by a carburetor, in the case of fuel injection by the injector into the intake air port, which is often used in gasoline engines at present, A large amount of mist-like fuel, which has become droplets, enters the fuel chamber in the state where it adheres to the intake port or intake valve and sags and flows. Various problems called "time delay" occur.

Therefore, even if the throttle valve is opened when an attempt is made to accelerate, the fuel adheres to the intake port and the intake valve, so that the required fuel is not immediately filled in the combustion chamber and the mixture ratio is lean. As a result, the change in the throttle opening is sensed by means such as electronic means, and the fuel is increased and injected so that the desired mixture ratio is achieved.

Further, when the throttle valve is closed during deceleration, the intake air amount immediately decreases, but the fuel adhering to the intake port and the intake valve enters the combustion chamber, so the mixing ratio is unnecessarily high. Will become dark.

As a result, the amount of HC and CO emissions increases, and as a preventive measure, auxiliary air control is performed to send air into the combustion chamber even during deceleration. It is inevitable that the braking effectiveness will deteriorate.

[0008] The part that enters the fuel chamber through the wall surface of the intake port sticks to the surface of the piston and the surface of the fuel chamber and is burnt afterwards, so that harmful components such as bydrocarbon are discharged. Will end up.

Further, in order to reduce the time delay, in order to prevent fuel from adhering to the intake port as much as possible, the center of the spray of the injector should be directed toward the intake valve so that it is not far from the intake valve, or the injector is mounted in two directions. Also, by improving the shape of the injector nozzle to reduce the particle size of the fuel, other than that, the intake air is sent near the injector nozzle, and the fuel is placed in that flow and sent to the fuel chamber. Various methods using assist air and the like have been performed, but various problems resulting from fuel time delay and the like have not been solved.

Further, in both the diesel engine and the gasoline engine, a certain amount of the droplets burns as they are before the injected fuel is completely vaporized in the combustion chamber and burns from the outer peripheral surface of the droplets. As the combustion spreads to the center of the droplet, the droplet expands and burns while vaporizing, so that there is a shortage of oxygen in the vicinity, and if there is little internal convection, adverse effects such as incomplete combustion may occur. become. There were various problems such as.

[0011]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and in the middle of the fuel flow passage connected to the combustion chamber of the combustor, the fuel passing through the flow passage is With the object of providing a fuel supply method and device for a combustor capable of promoting vaporization of fuel and improving combustion efficiency by heating to around the boiling point by a heating means and supplying it to the combustion chamber. There is.

[0012]

Means for Solving the Problems The means for achieving the above-mentioned object of the present invention is, in the middle of a fuel passage connected to a combustion chamber of a combustor, a fuel which passes through the passage by a heating means. It is a fuel supply method for a combustor, which is heated to around the boiling point and supplied to the combustion chamber.

Further, the fuel heating device for a combustor is provided with a heating means for heating the fuel passing through the flow passage of the fuel connected to the combustion chamber of the combustor.

Further, a burner corresponding to the combustion chamber, a horn which surrounds the outer periphery of the flame portion of the burner, a fuel pipe arranged on the inner peripheral portion of the horn, and a fuel blowing portion which is connected to the fuel pipe And a delivery member for delivering the fuel to the combustor.

[0015]

The present invention having the above-described structure has the following functions. When the fuel passing through the flow passage is heated to around the boiling point by the heating means provided in the flow passage connected to the combustion chamber, the fuel flowing in the liquid state is in a state immediately before boiling, so the fuel injection device The fuel blown out is
At the same time as it is ejected, it instantly vaporizes, becomes a high-speed gas flow, and if it is evenly mixed with air, it is sucked into the combustion chamber.

Therefore, the fuel is burned in the combustion chamber with high efficiency.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a fuel supply method and device for a combustor according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, A is a fuel heating device for a combustor showing the first embodiment thereof, which is provided in the middle of a fuel flow path 3 connected to a combustion chamber 2 in the combustor 1. ..

The above-mentioned combustor 1 is used for transportation machinery such as gasoline, diesel engine, jet engine, boiler, dryer, used in automobiles and ships.
In addition, a combustion device using a burner or the like is adopted.

In the engine 1 described above, a fuel supply member 4 such as an injector or a carburetor for injecting fuel is connected to the combustion chamber 2 through a fuel pipe 6 to form a flow path 3.

The fuel heating device A described above is shown in FIG.
Also, as shown in FIG. 3, a screw or the like connected to the fuel pipe 6 is connected to both ends of the outer frame 7 formed of a material that has a predetermined strength made of metal, ceramic, or the like and does not easily dissipate heat to the outside. It has members 8 and 8 and has a fuel flow passage 9 inside.
Are formed.

A heating means 10 is provided on the outer periphery of the flow passage 9 so as to surround the flow passage 9, and uses a heat source such as an electric heater or exhaust heat or combustion heat of the engine. Thus, the fuel is brought to a state around the boiling point of the fuel, that is, immediately before boiling to vaporize the liquid fuel.

A heat insulating material 11 may be provided on the outer circumference of the heating means 10 as shown in FIG.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, if the heating means 10 is attached to the inner circumference of the outer frame 7 and the fuel pipe 6 is spirally arranged inside this, sufficient heating can be achieved even for the fuel flowing at high speed. In addition, a temperature sensor 12 having its detecting portion facing the inside is attached to the outer frame 7 to constantly maintain the fuel boiling point.

A check valve is provided in the fuel pipe 6 before and after the outer frame 7 to prevent the backflow of the fuel having a boiling point.
13 are provided.

As shown in FIG. 4, the fuel heating device A may be provided integrally with the front part of the injector, in which case the temperature of the heated fuel does not drop. More efficient.

In FIG. 5, A is a fuel heating device for a combustor according to the second embodiment, which includes a burner 14, a horn 15 surrounding the burner 14, and a fuel disposed on the inner peripheral portion of the horn 15. It basically comprises a pipe 16 and a delivery member 17 connected to the fuel pipe 16.

The burner 14 is installed in the combustion chamber 2 of the combustor 1 such as a heat exchanger or a boiler.

The horn 15 is of a reflection type in order to efficiently utilize the heat generated by the burner 14, and is formed so as to surround the outer periphery of the flame portion of the burner 14.

The fuel pipe 16 is a heating means 10 for heating the fuel supplied to the burner 14 to around the boiling point thereof by utilizing the heat of the burner 14, and is provided on the inner peripheral portion of the horn 15. Are arranged in the above-mentioned arrangement, and are provided in the middle of the fuel pipe 6 which is pressure-fed to the fuel blowing portion by the feeding member 17 such as a pump.

Next, the operation will be described based on the above-described first embodiment device.

In the flow path 3 connected to the combustion chamber 2 in the gasoline engine 1, a heating means 10 having a heater therein is attached in the middle of the fuel pipe 6, and the heating means 10 is operated. When the fuel passing through the flow path 3 is heated to around the boiling point, the fuel flowing in the liquid state is in a state immediately before boiling.

Therefore, the fuel blown out from the fuel injection device 4 is instantly vaporized at the same time as it is jetted out, and if it becomes a high-speed gas flow and is uniformly stirred and mixed with air, it is sucked into the combustion chamber 2 of the engine 1. Will be done.

In the case of a 2,000 cc class gasoline engine 1, at 3,000 rpm / min, the amount of fuel injected per cylinder per explosion is about 0.01 cc, but its injection speed depends on the diameter of the nozzle hole. The injection time is 1/10 with 1mm
If it is 00s, it will be about 10m / s.

A cross-sectional area of about 1 mm (from the nozzle, which is ejected by an ejection mist, the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the droplets gives a value equivalent to the diameter of the nozzle, so that convection is generated in the fuel chamber 2. The liquid does not cause a large convection in the combustion chamber even if it spouts a length of 10 mm for 1/1000 s, but its fuel expands as a vaporized gas flow. Then, the composition is different depending on the place of production of the fuel, so the magnification is not constant,
If it is vaporized and expanded by a thousand times, then the velocity of the jet flow,
The volume increases greatly.

The volume of the fuel gas is 10cc-20cc,
Even if the cross-sectional area of the gas flow is 10 mm, the length of the gas jet is 10 cm to 20 cm. (10 cm × 1 / 1,000 s = 100 / s) And since its flow velocity is an ultra-high-speed flow of 100 m / s to 200 m / s, it is possible to generate sufficient convection for stirring and mixing in the combustion chamber. Therefore, good combustion is performed, harmful exhaust gas is reduced, and combustion efficiency is improved.

[0037]

As described above, according to the present invention, for example, in an engine in which fuel is injected into the intake port by the injector of a gasoline engine, the fuel heated to around the boiling point by the heating unit is injected into the nozzle of the injector. At the same time as it is ejected from the air, it instantly vaporizes, becomes a high-speed gas flow, and is uniformly agitated and mixed with the air in the intake air port, while being sucked into the combustion chamber, providing the optimum conditions for combustion. Since the vaporized mixed gas is provided, the combustion condition in the combustion chamber of the engine becomes very good combustion with little generation of CO and HC.

Further, since it is close to the completely vaporized mixed gas, the combustion speed becomes very fast, so that the ignition timing can be set to the top dead center or after the top dead center, so that the pressure generated by the explosive combustion can be effectively applied from the piston to the crank. It is something that can be transmitted to the axis.

Furthermore, since the fuel vaporizes instantaneously at the time of fuel injection, the above-mentioned problems such as time delay do not occur as a problem of the existing technology. The same effect is exhibited even in an engine in which fuel is directly injected into the combustion chamber.

Furthermore, when the heated fuel is jetted into the combustion chamber, it vaporizes and expands at the same time, resulting in a high-speed vaporization or gas flow, causing convection in the fuel chamber, and air and vaporized gas in the fuel chamber everywhere. Since it burns while being mixed with stirring, harmful substances in the exhaust gas are greatly reduced,
Since the combustion time is shortened, the ignition time can be set to the top dead center or after the top dead center, and the generated pressure can be effectively utilized. It has special effects such as.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a fuel heating device for a combustor according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main part in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the device in FIG.

4 is an explanatory diagram showing still another example of the apparatus in FIG. 1. FIG.

5 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the apparatus in FIG.

[Explanation of Codes] 1 Combustor 2 Combustion chamber 3 Flow path 10 Heating means 14 Burner 15 Horn 16 Fuel pipe 17 Delivery member

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A fuel, which is connected to a combustion chamber of a combustor, is heated in the middle of a fuel supply passage through the supply passage to a temperature around its boiling point by a heating means and supplied to the combustion chamber. Fuel supply method for combustor. 2. A fuel heating device for a combustor, comprising heating means for heating the fuel passing through the air supply passage in the middle of the fuel supply passage connected to the combustion chamber of the combustor. .. 3. A burner corresponding to a combustion chamber, a horn surrounding an outer periphery of a flame portion of the burner, a fuel pipe arranged in an inner peripheral portion of the horn, and a fuel blowing part connected to the fuel pipe. A fuel heating device for a combustor, comprising: a delivery member for delivering the fuel to the combustor.