JPH05302329A - Earth-retaining support for digged trench with pipe crossing it and earth-retaining construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To heighten the safety of the title method, by a method wherein an earth-retaining support consisting of both a pair of sales and struts is provided, earth-retaining structures are formed by placing sheet piles along ground walls except a place where a pipe is laid, the ground between the earth-retaining structures are excavated downward and the sheet piles are depressed. CONSTITUTION:An earth-retaining support is formed by connecting a pair of walls 3, each side view of which is in the shape of a letter U laid, with struts 4. After that, the support is placed in a trench and sheet piles 1 are, one by one, placed along ground walls except a place where a crossing pipe 8 established is laid and thus earth-retaining structures 2 are formed. After that, the ground between the earth-retaining structures 2 is excavated downward and sheet piles 1 are progressively depressed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an earth retaining method and an earth retaining method for an excavation groove having a cross pipe.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an earth retaining structure for excavation of a trench, there is one which is composed of a unit in which a horizontally long earth retaining wall (sheet pile) called a seating plate and two or more expandable cutouts are combined. ..

In the earth retaining method using the earth retaining support, the unit is put in the pre-drilled groove and the unit is pushed while excavating the inside of the unit. If the drilling depth is deep,
The procedure of stacking required units and pushing the units while excavating is repeated.

Further, the removal of the earth retaining bar work is performed by shortening the cut-off of the lowermost unit to narrow the width, and by pulling it up between the units stacked above it.
There is a method in which all the units are connected and a wire rope is hung on the uppermost unit to pull out all the units at once.

Corresponding to this, there are two methods of backfilling the excavation trench: a method of backfilling to the depth each time the lower unit is pulled up, and a method of backfilling after pulling out all the units. In addition to this, there is a method in which all units are collectively pulled out after backfilling.

[0006] Further, as another conventional earth retaining structure for excavating a trench, guide posts (rails) connected by cut-outs are used.
And a panel that fits into this.

In this earth retaining method using earth retaining supports, guide posts (rails) are built in the soil at appropriate intervals, the panels are fitted into the soil, and the guide posts and the panels are excavated between the panels. Is pushed.

As a method for removing the earth retaining bar work, a wire rope or the like is hung on the lowermost panel, and the panels stacked on the upper side of the panel are collectively pulled out, and then, if necessary, the guide posts. Is pulled out. In addition,
The guide post may be pulled out at the same time as the panel. The backfilling of the trench is performed in parallel with the pulling up of the panel or after the pulling up of the panel.

[0009]

According to the unit type conventional example, since the length of the seating pool is as long as about 3 m, the length of the excavation groove must be long in order to retain the groove crossed by the existing pipe. It is necessary to construct a special earth retaining structure for about 3 m.

The size of the above-mentioned sheeting plate is about 3 m in length and 1.0 to 2.4 m in height, and its weight is, for example, about 565 kg in maximum size.
Further, the weight of the cut edge is, for example, 1.6 to 2.0 m in length.
Since the weight of the unit is about 80 kg, the total weight of the unit is about 725 kg or more.

For this reason, it is necessary to use a crane or the like when the unit is set up, which is not suitable for a site where there is little surplus land such as an urban area.

Further, since the seating plate and the cut-off are connected, the flat area becomes large and a vast storage space is required, which is more unsuitable for a site where there is little surplus land such as an urban area.

In addition, when removing the unit from the lowest unit at a time, the unit with a length of 3 m or more is pulled out while receiving a considerable earth pressure from the outside. It is disadvantageous in terms of ensuring safety, even compared to normal lifting work of heavy objects.

In particular, when the unit is pulled back from the soil after the soil is backfilled in the groove and the backfilled sand is compacted by using a compactor such as a vibro compactor or a rammer.
In addition to the earth pressure from the outside, it is also subject to the friction of backfilled sand, which is a further disadvantage in ensuring safety.

Also, in the other conventional examples, the length of the panel is about 3 m, and in order to retain the earth in the groove traversed by the existing pipe, the length of the excavation groove is about 3 m. It is necessary to construct a special earth retaining structure.

The size and weight of the panel inserted into the guide post are the same as those of the above-mentioned sheeting plate, the length of the guide post is about 3.7 m, and the weight thereof is 400 kg.

Therefore, also in the other conventional examples described above,
Since the weight of the panels and guide posts is large, a crane or the like must be used when building them, which is unsuitable for sites with little surplus land such as urban areas.

Further, when removing the panel from the bottom panel at a time, it is necessary to pull out a unit having a length of 3 m or more while receiving a considerable earth pressure from the outside. It is disadvantageous in terms of ensuring safety, even when compared to lifting heavy objects.

Especially, when the panel is pulled out from the soil after the soil is backfilled in the groove and the backfilled sand is compacted by using a compactor such as a vibro compactor or a rammer, the earth pressure from the outside is reduced. In addition, the backfill sand will also be rubbed, which is a further disadvantage in ensuring safety.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is suitable for retaining soil in an excavation groove having a cross pipe, and it is possible to enhance safety at the time of removal.
An object of the present invention is to provide a retaining method and retaining method for an excavation trench having a cross pipe.

[0021]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the earth retaining structure according to the present invention is such that at least one place is connected and a release space is provided between at least one ends. 1 with a pair of upper and lower members
It is characterized in that it comprises a pair of uprisings and a plurality of cutouts arranged between the pair of uprisings.

Further, the earth retaining method according to the present invention is characterized in that a predetermined height is set in the pre-drilled groove according to claim 1, 2 or 3.
After arranging a pair of bellows and connecting both bellows with a cut-out, the sheet piles are formed by sequentially building sheet piles along the ground wall excluding the pipe section of the cross pipe to form the soil retaining wall. It is characterized by digging down and pushing the sheet piles in order, and installing special earth retaining walls in the shape of plates above and below the cross pipe.

The sheet pile of the present invention is not particularly limited, and wood sheet piles, steel sheet piles (sheet piles), lightweight steel sheet piles (trench sheets) and the like commonly used may be used.

The abdomen riser of the present invention is formed in a shape having a pair of upper and lower members in which at least one place is connected and a release space is provided between at least one end portions. Typical examples of such shapes are U-shape, ⊃-shape,> shape, E-shape, X-shape, and ladder shape in a side view.

The bellows of the present invention is composed of a plurality of members joined to each other or one bent member, and the member is an H-shaped steel generally used as a bellows member. Shaped steels such as square pipes and angles, lightweight shaped steels, or aluminum extruded shape materials having cross-sectional shapes such as mouth, sun, and eyes are used.

Further, the abdomen of the present invention may have a fixed length and height, or may have one or both of its length and height capable of expanding and contracting.

The cut beam of the present invention may be one generally used as a cut beam, and may have a fixed length or a stretchable one.

The connection structure between the cut-off and the abdomen wake of the present invention is not particularly limited, but may be disassembled or may not be disassembled. Further, there is no obstacle to constructing the abdomen upset and the cut-out joint so as to adjust or adjust their positional relationship.

The number of cuts and the arrangement thereof according to the present invention are as follows.
It may be determined in consideration of the earth pressure from the outside, the shape of the belly-up, the strength, etc. so that the respective cuts share the earth pressure as evenly as possible, for example, connecting the central portions of the upper members facing each other. It is also possible to connect both flank risers with two cutouts, a cutout and a cutout that connects the central portions of the lower members. In addition, for example, three positions, that is, both ends of the abdomen wake up facing each other and the middle may be connected by three cuts.

In the earth retaining method of the present invention, pre-digging of the groove may be performed by a known method using a civil engineering machine such as a backhoe.

In the earth retaining method of the present invention, the method of installing the earth retaining shoring in the pre-grooving is to disassemble the abdomen uplifting and the cut-out and carry it into the pre-digging groove, and to install it beforehand. There is a method in which the raising and the cut-off are connected and then carried into the pre-ditch and installed.

As a method for disassembling the abdominal waving and the cut-out and carrying them into the pre-digging groove and installing them, after connecting the abdomen-raising and the cut-out in the pre-ditching groove, the earth retaining bar work is performed at a predetermined height. Holding the bellows at a predetermined height before connecting the cutouts, and holding the cutouts at a predetermined height before connecting the bellows to the cutouts It is possible to do this.

The earth retaining support work, or its abdomen,
It may be inserted so as to straddle the crossing pipe. For example, the end of the side with an appropriate space between each other (hereinafter referred to as the open side) may face downward or diagonally downward. , It may be inserted sideways, or diagonally upward or upward depending on the case.

In the earth retaining method of the present invention, both earth retaining walls are
Since it is not possible to drive the sheet pile only below the point where the existing pipe crosses, it is necessary to use a special retaining wall. However,
It does not prevent the use of a special retaining wall on the upper side of the cross pipe.

Although the inserted abdomen is not particularly limited, the upper and lower members are finally arranged horizontally. Also, the abdomen located between the retaining walls is held at a predetermined height by a suitable lifting device or stanchion until it is pressed against the retaining walls by the cut-outs.

The method of removing the earth retaining bar work of the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, after backfilling and compaction of the backfilling sand and backfilling to the lower end of the abdomen, after pulling out the sheet piles one by one. , Remove belly and cut.
Here, the abdomen upset and the removal of the cut may be performed in the reverse order of the procedure in which these are installed.

[0037]

[Operation] In the present invention, since the abdomen has a pair of upper and lower members in which an open space is provided between at least one of the ends, the crossing pipe is positioned above and below the open space.
The pot raising can be arranged in the pre-ditch by inserting the bellows so as to be located between the pair of members.

With this, the bellows can be installed on the upper and lower sides of the crossing pipe without touching the crossing pipe, and the soil retaining wall can be reliably received on the upper and lower sides near the crossing pipe.

Moreover, since the bellows can be installed at the same time on both upper and lower sides in the vicinity of the cross pipe, the installation of the earth retaining bar work is simplified.

When removing the abdomen, it is possible to easily remove the abdomen by contacting the existing pipe in the reverse order of its installation.

In the present invention, since the earth retaining wall is composed of a plurality of vertically long sheet piles, the weight per sheet is small. For example, when using an off-the-shelf trench sheet, if the height is 2.4 m, the weight per sheet is about 25 kg.
Which is about 4 times that of the conventional seating plates and panels.
It can be made as light as 1/0.

The frictional force at the time of drawing is 250 mm in width.
In the case of the sheet pile of No. 1, it can be reduced to about 1/12 of the sheeting plate and panel of the conventional example on one side, and to about 1 / 24th on both sides. , Both sides can be reduced to about 1/18.

[0043]

EXAMPLE A soil retaining method and an earth retaining method using the same according to an embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
It is as follows.

As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 1, the earth retaining bar shovel according to one embodiment of the present invention has a U-shape in a side view in order to receive a pair of earth retaining walls 2 composed of a plurality of vertically long sheet piles 1. And a pair of cut-outs 4 that connect the ends of the pair of upper and lower members 3a of the riser 3 to each other.

The shape, size and material of the sheet pile 1 may be determined in consideration of the depth of the trench to be excavated, earth pressure, etc.
In this embodiment, a commercially available LSP-1 type trench sheet having an effective width of 250 mm, a thickness of 4 mm and a cross-sectional shape of height 35 mm is used.

The side shape of the belly-up 3 may be any shape as long as it has a pair of upper and lower members with an open space provided between at least one of the ends. For example, in a side view, a U shape, a ⊃ shape, It can be formed in a V shape, an E shape, an X shape, or a ladder shape.

In this embodiment, in order to make it possible to easily and inexpensively form the belly-up 3 by cutting and welding the members, one end of each of the pair of upper and lower linear members 3a is connected to each other. An abdomen wake 3 that is welded through 3b so that the side view has a U-shape is used.

The size and material of the bellows 3 may be determined in consideration of the outer diameter of the existing pipe crossing the trench to be excavated, the area of the earth retaining wall 2 to be received, the earth pressure received by the earth retaining wall 2, etc. Commercially available 100 mm x 100 mm
Each of the upper and lower members 3a having a length of about 3 m and made of square pipe-shaped lightweight steel and a connecting member 3b having a length of about 1.5 to 2 m for connecting one end of these members to each other are used.

A cutout 4 for connecting a pair of abdominal risers 3
May be arranged so that the abdominal waving 3 can evenly share the earth pressure received through the earth retaining wall 2. For example, the central portions of the upper members 3a that are arranged to face each other on both sides of the pre-digging groove are A total of two cutting beams 4 are provided, one connecting cutting beam 4 and one cutting beam 4 connecting the central portions of the lower members 3a that are arranged to face each other on both sides of the pre-digging groove. Good.

Here, in order to reduce the earth pressure shared by one cut beam 4 and to stably support the bellows 3, the upper and lower members 3a, which are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the pre-groove, are provided. 4 rivets 4 connecting each end
Is used.

That is, at both ends of each of the upper and lower members 3a, the connecting brackets 3 projecting at right angles to the other.
c is welded to each other, and the burrs 4 having a constant length are bolted between the brackets 3c of the pair of uprisings 3 facing each other.

Here, each bracket 3c is formed with a long hole 3d which is long in the projecting direction, and the gap between the bellows 3 on both sides is adjusted so that the bracket 3c is inserted through the end of the cut-out 4 and the long hole 3d. The connecting bolt is screwed.

In the earth retaining method according to an embodiment of the present invention using the earth retaining structure, first, the groove is pre-digged by a known method using a civil engineering machine such as a backhoe, and the inside of the pre-digging groove is A pair of abdomens 3 and 4 where the crossing tube 8 is located
Soil retaining works consisting of a bookcut 4 will be installed.

As a method of installing the earth retaining bar work in the pre-digging groove, a method of disassembling the bellows erection 3 and the cutting burrs 4 and carrying them into the pre-digging groove and setting them, and a method of preliminarily raising the belly 3 and the burrs There is a method of connecting the and and then bringing them into the pre-ditch and installing them.

As a method for disassembling the bellows 3 and the burrs 4 and bringing them into the pre-digging groove and installing them, after connecting the belly-raising 3 and the burrs 4 in the pre-digging groove, the soil retention is carried out. A method of holding the supporting work at a predetermined height, a method of first holding the bellows 3 at a predetermined height and then connecting the cutouts 4, and a method of holding the cutouts 4 at a predetermined height first. It is conceivable that the abdomen 3 is connected to the cut-out 4 after the start.

In this embodiment, the weight of the pair of abdomens 3 is about 35-40 kg, and the weight of each cut-off 4 is about 7-9 kg.
If and are disassembled, the earthworker will get angry with 2-3 people.
Insert one by one between the ground walls and, for example, as shown in the side view of FIG. 2 (a) and the front view of FIG. 2 (b), suspend by a chain 6 or the side of FIG. 3 (a). As shown in the drawing and the front view of FIG. 3 (b), the pillars 7 are supported at a predetermined height by supporting them, and both the bellows 3 are inserted between the ground walls, and then the cutout 4 is formed. The method of connecting with was adopted.

Each of the abdominal risers 3 may be inserted so as to straddle the crossing tube 8, and for example, the end on the side (hereinafter referred to as the open side) at which an appropriate space is provided between the other is lower side. To the bottom, to the bottom diagonally, to the side, depending on the case diagonally upward or upward.

What is important when inserting the belly up 3
This is to insert the bellows 3 so that the open-side end of the bellows 3 straddles the existing pipe 8 that crosses the excavation groove.
Therefore, as shown in, for example, FIGS. 4A to 4D, the open end of the abdomen 3 may be directed downward, obliquely downward, or laterally. You can insert it by pointing it diagonally upward.

After that, the cut-out 4 is assembled. here,
Brackets 3c provided at both ends of each of the upper and lower members 3a are provided with long holes 3d, and the long holes 3d and the ends of the notches 4 are screwed together to raise the belly. Since 3 and the cut-out 4 are connected, the relative position between the belly-up 3 and the cut-out 4 is adjusted, and the interval between the belly-up 3 is adjusted to a predetermined size.

After this, the sheet pile 1 is built in order between the abdominal rise 3 and the ground wall to form the retaining wall 2. However, since the sheet pile 1 cannot be built below the cross pipe 8, a special retaining wall 5 such as a plywood or control panel is built below the cross pipe 8.

It is possible to build the sheet pile 1 on the upper side of the cross pipe 8, but in this embodiment, in order to prevent the sheet pile 1 from piercing the cross pipe 8 by mistake, for example, on the upper side of the cross pipe 8 as well. A special retaining wall 5 such as plywood and control panel is set up.

Removal of the earth retaining bar work is performed while backfilling the groove. That is, after putting backfill sand below the bellows 3 and compacting it, the sheet pile 1 is sequentially withdrawn, and the bellows 3 and the cutouts 4 are removed in the reverse order of the installation, and further backfill sand is added. The compaction is repeated a proper number of times to backfill the trench.

The sheet pile 1 can be lightened to about 1/40 of the weight of the sheeting plate and panel of the conventional example, and the frictional force at the time of pulling out is one side of the sheeting plate and panel of the conventional example. It is reduced to about 1/12 and to about 1/24 for both sides.

Therefore, the force for pulling out the sheet pile 1 is much smaller than that of the conventional example for pulling out the unit or panel, and the weight of the pulled sheet pile 1 is much lighter than that of the conventional unit or panel. Therefore, it is possible to enhance the safety during the drawing work.

In particular, when the height of the retaining wall 2 exceeds 2.4 m, it is necessary to stack the units and panels in the conventional example, and at the time of removal, it is necessary to pull up the units and panels at the lowest stage before backfilling. While it is necessary to connect wire ropes, for example, commercially available trench sheets and sheet piles are removed because the sheet piles 1 are pulled out one by one instead of pulling out all the retaining walls at once like panels. Workability can be improved.

In the above-described embodiment, the bellows raising member 3 and the cut-off beam 4 are disassembled and carried into the pre-digging groove, but the weight of the pre-assembled belly-raising member 3 and the cut-off beam 4 is about 63. Since the weight is about 71 kg, it is possible to insert this assembly between the earth retaining walls 2 by four earthworks. Of course, it is possible to use a chain block or the like to reduce the number of earthworkers, or to hang it on a backhoe and install it.

In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the abdomen uprising 3 is formed in a U-shape in a side view, but the shape of the abdomen uprising 3 is such that at least one place is connected and at least one end portion is connected. Any shape may be used as long as it has a pair of upper and lower members with an open space provided between them. For example, when viewed from the side, ⊃ shape,> shape, etc., E shape, X shape,
Alternatively, it may be formed into a ladder shape or the like.

Further, although the length and height of the abdomen wake 3 are fixed in the above-mentioned embodiment, the height of the abdomen wake 3 can be expanded and contracted as shown in FIG. Although it does not, it does not prevent that the length of the abdomen waving unit 3 can be expanded and contracted.

That is, the connecting member 3b is vertically divided into two parts, and these members are slidably inserted into the intermediate member 3e so that the distance between the two members 3a can be changed and the intermediate member 3e can be elongated vertically. A hole 3f is formed, a bolt 3g inserted through each connecting member 3b is slidably inserted through these elongated holes 3f, and the bolt 3g is tightened,
The upper and lower connecting members 3b can be fixed to the intermediate member 3e.

In this case, one type of abdominal riser 3 can be commonly used for a plurality of types of earth retaining supports of different scales, and the number of abdominal risers 3 to be stored can be reduced to facilitate material storage. In addition to being able to do so, the storage space can be reduced.

The number of the cut-outs 4 is not limited to four. For example, instead of the two end portions on the side where the upper and lower members 3a are connected, the intermediate height of the connecting member 3b may be changed. It may be configured to be connected by one cut beam 4, or may be configured to add two cut beams 4 for connecting the intermediate portions of the upper and lower members 3a.

Further, although the length of the cutting beam 4 is fixed in the above-mentioned embodiment, for example, an expanding and contracting cutting beam 4 having a screw type or cylinder type jack mechanism is used, a joint shaft or the like is used. The length may be changed by connecting via.

[0073]

As described above, according to the present invention, at least one member is connected to each other, and a pair of upper and lower members are provided so that at least one end portion is appropriately spaced from the other member. Since a belly uplifter with is used, by inserting it so as to straddle the crossing tube,
It is possible to dispose the bellows members above and below the cross tube at the same time without breaking the cross tube.

Further, since the sheet pile can be used as the retaining wall except for the portion intersecting with the cross pipe, the range of forming the special retaining wall can be narrowly limited to the portion intersecting with the cross pipe, and the sheet pile can be removed at the time of removal. The width of the sheet pile is narrower than conventional seating plates and panels with a large area, and the frictional resistance against soil pressure from the outside and compaction pressure of backfilled sand is significantly reduced, and it is pulled out at once. Since the weight is significantly reduced, work safety is improved.

Furthermore, since the weight of the earth retaining bar work is lighter than the weight of the unit consisting of the sheeting plate and the burrs and the guide post and the panel fitted therein, it is possible to construct the earth retaining bar work and the earth retaining wall without using a crane. It can be installed and removed, and earth retaining works and earth retaining walls can be installed even in a narrow space where a crane cannot be placed.

In addition, in the present invention, since the earth retaining bar work is formed separately from the sheet pile forming the earth retaining wall, and is composed of the bellows and the cuts which can be disassembled from each other, these are disassembled. By doing so, the material storage space can be narrowed.

Moreover, the structure is simple, and the optimum one can be obtained as the earth retaining support for the groove crossed by the existing pipe.

In the present invention, one type of abdomen is commonly used for a plurality of types of earth retaining shovels of different scales, especially when using an abdomen which can expand and contract in one or both of the vertical direction and the length direction. Therefore, the material can be stored easily, and the storage space can be further reduced.

Further, in the present invention, particularly when the above-mentioned cut is a stretchable cut, one kind of cut can be commonly used for a plurality of types of earth retaining shovels having different scales, and the material can be stored. The storage space can be further reduced while simplifying the storage.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.

2A and 2B are a side view and a front view showing the procedure of temporary support for abdominal acclimation of the present invention.

3A and 3B are a side view and a front view showing another gist of temporary support for abdominal recoil according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing various ways of setting up the abdomen according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view of another abdomen upset according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Trench sheet 2 Soil retaining wall 3 Raising up 4 Cutting beam 8 Existing pipe

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A pair of bellows having at least one member connected to each other and having a pair of upper and lower members provided with an open space between at least one end portions,
An earth retaining support for an excavation trench having a cross pipe, comprising a plurality of cut-outs arranged between a pair of bellows. 2. The earth retaining support of the excavation groove having a cross pipe according to claim 1, wherein a bellows foldable in one or both of the vertical direction and the longitudinal direction is used. 3. The earth retaining support of an excavation groove having a cross pipe according to claim 1, wherein the sill is a slash that can be expanded and contracted. 4. After arranging the earth retaining bar work according to claim 1, 2 or 3 at a predetermined height in a pre-drilled groove, a sheet pile is formed along the ground wall except for the piping portion of the cross pipe. Are built in order to form a retaining wall, the space between the retaining walls is dug down and the sheet piles are pushed in sequentially, and a plate-shaped special retaining wall is installed below or above and below both sides of the retaining pipe. Soil retaining method for excavation trenches.