JPH05292638A - Wire material having snow melting effect - Google Patents
Wire material having snow melting effectInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05292638A JPH05292638A JP4085441A JP8544192A JPH05292638A JP H05292638 A JPH05292638 A JP H05292638A JP 4085441 A JP4085441 A JP 4085441A JP 8544192 A JP8544192 A JP 8544192A JP H05292638 A JPH05292638 A JP H05292638A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- snow
- transmission line
- snow melting
- wire
- magnetic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、送電線への氷雪の付
着を防止する融雪効果を有する線材に関し、特に、架空
送電線に取付けて、融雪および融氷を行なうのに適した
線材に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wire rod having a snow melting effect for preventing ice and snow from adhering to a power transmission line, and more particularly to a wire rod suitable for being attached to an overhead power transmission line to perform snow melting and ice melting.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】寒冷地方においては、架空送電線につい
た雪が落下せずに大きな筒雪に発達し、その重量によっ
て架空送電線が切断したり、鉄塔が倒壊するなどの雪害
事故が発生している。2. Description of the Related Art In cold regions, snow on overhead power lines does not fall and develops into large snowflakes, and the weight of the snow causes the overhead power lines to break or the tower to collapse, causing snow damage. There is.
【０００３】架空送電線についた雪は、除雪機の走行や
電線の強制加振等により排除することができるが、ま
た、着雪対策として、電線の表面にリングやひれ等の突
起を設けて雪の回転成長を阻止する技術や、電線に低キ
ュリー点材や加熱線などの発熱材を取付けて雪を溶かす
技術等を用いて難着雪化および融雪化が行なわれてい
る。Snow on the overhead power transmission line can be removed by running a snow blower or forcibly exciting the electric wire. However, as a measure against snow accretion, a protrusion such as a ring or a fin is provided on the surface of the electric wire. Snow-hardening and snow-melting have been performed by using a technique of preventing the rotational growth of snow and a technique of attaching a low-Curie point material or a heating material such as a heating wire to an electric wire to melt the snow.
【０００４】一般に、融雪技術では、発熱体として電線
に磁性体を装着して交番磁界でのヒステリシス損失およ
び渦電流損失による発熱を利用する。従来、発熱体に
は、特開昭５８−１７５９１４に開示されているような
磁性体で構成される融雪リングが用いられている。この
融雪リングは、鉄、パーマロイ、Ｆｅ−Ｎｉ、またはＦ
ｅ−Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ等の強磁性金属で構成されている。Generally, in the snow melting technique, a magnetic material is attached to an electric wire as a heating element to utilize heat generated by hysteresis loss and eddy current loss in an alternating magnetic field. Conventionally, a snow-melting ring made of a magnetic material as disclosed in JP-A-58-175914 has been used as a heating element. This snowmelt ring is made of iron, permalloy, Fe-Ni, or F
It is made of a ferromagnetic metal such as e-Ni-Cr.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】融雪リングは、電線の
外周に環装される。送電線に電流が流れると、電線周囲
に交流磁界が発生し、磁性体で構成される融雪リングは
ヒステリシス損失および渦電流損失による発熱を利用し
て融雪効果を起こす。The snow-melting ring is mounted around the outer circumference of the electric wire. When a current flows through the power transmission line, an AC magnetic field is generated around the electric wire, and the snow-melting ring made of a magnetic material utilizes the heat generated by the hysteresis loss and the eddy current loss to cause the snow-melting effect.
【０００６】また、強磁性金属としては、０℃付近では
小さい電流範囲でも十分に発熱し、高温側では発熱しな
い低キュリー点材が用いられる。低キュリー点材は、雪
の降らない夏場に送電線が発熱することなく、電流損失
を抑えるため使用される。このため、代表的には、キュ
リー温度が約１００℃のＦｅ−Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ−Ｓｉ合金が
用いられる。Further, as the ferromagnetic metal, a low Curie point material is used which generates sufficient heat in the small current range near 0 ° C. and does not generate heat on the high temperature side. The low Curie point material is used to suppress current loss without generating heat in the transmission line in the summer when it does not snow. Therefore, a Fe-Ni-Cr-Si alloy having a Curie temperature of about 100 [deg.] C. is typically used.
【０００７】一方、このような融雪に際しては、水の蒸
発により発熱体の表面温度が上昇しにくく、かつ、つら
らの成長を起こしやすい状況となる。On the other hand, during such snow melting, the surface temperature of the heating element is unlikely to rise due to water evaporation, and icicles are likely to grow.
【０００８】そこで、本発明は、十分な発熱効果を示す
のみならず、融雪により発生した水を効率よく表面から
除去し、着雪が起こりにくい融雪部材を提供することを
目的とする。[0008] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a snow melting member which not only exhibits a sufficient heat generating effect but also efficiently removes water generated by snow melting from the surface to prevent snow accretion.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明にしたがって、
送電線への氷雪の付着を防止するため送電線に装着して
使用する融雪効果を有する線材であって、０℃以上のキ
ュリー温度を有する線状の磁性体の表面に、撥水性材料
および導電性金属を含む皮膜を形成してなる線材が提供
される。According to the present invention,
A wire rod having a snow melting effect, which is attached to a power transmission line to prevent ice and snow from adhering to the power transmission line, and has a water-repellent material and a conductive material on the surface of a linear magnetic body having a Curie temperature of 0 ° C. or higher. There is provided a wire rod formed by forming a film containing a conductive metal.
【００１０】この明細書において、「撥水性材料」とい
う用語は、水の接触角が９０度以上となる表面を形成す
ることができる材料を示す。In this specification, the term "water repellent material" refers to a material capable of forming a surface having a contact angle of water of 90 degrees or more.
【００１１】この発明において、撥水性材料には、たと
えば、フッ化物を用いることができ、好ましい撥水性材
料には、たとえば、フッ素樹脂等のフッ素を含有する有
機材料、およびフッ化黒鉛等がある。またフッ素樹脂
は、たとえば、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、ポリクロ
ロトリフルオロエチレン、テトラフルオロエチレンとエ
チレンの重合体およびポリフッ化ビニリデン等を含む。In the present invention, for example, a fluoride can be used as the water repellent material, and preferred water repellent materials include, for example, fluorine-containing organic materials such as fluororesin and fluorinated graphite. . Further, the fluororesin includes, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, a polymer of tetrafluoroethylene and ethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride and the like.
【００１２】この発明において、線状の磁性体は、Ｆ
ｅ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｒ、ＳｉおよびＡｌのうち少なくとも１つ
を含むものとすることができ、その中で好ましい磁性体
には、Ｆｅ−Ｎｉ合金、Ｆｅ−Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ−Ｓｉ合金等
がある。In the present invention, the linear magnetic material is F
At least one of e, Ni, Cr, Si and Al can be contained therein, and among them, preferable magnetic materials include Fe—Ni alloys and Fe—Ni—Cr—Si alloys.
【００１３】線状磁性体の形態は、特に限定されるもの
ではなく、丸線状および平角線状等その断面形状につい
ても種々の形をとることができる。The form of the linear magnetic material is not particularly limited, and various shapes such as a round wire shape and a rectangular wire shape can be adopted.
【００１４】この発明において、皮膜に含有される導電
性金属は、たとえば、Ｃｕ、Ａｌ、Ｆｅ、ＣｏおよびＮ
ｉからなる群から選択される少なくとも１つとすること
ができる。このような導電性金属は、電気メッキ、また
は無電界メッキによって、撥水性材料とともに磁性体に
付着させることができる。In the present invention, the conductive metal contained in the film is, for example, Cu, Al, Fe, Co or N.
It can be at least one selected from the group consisting of i. Such a conductive metal can be attached to the magnetic material together with the water repellent material by electroplating or electroless plating.
【００１５】この発明にしたがう融雪効果を有する線材
は、線状の形態であるが、その使用に際しては、目的お
よび用途等に応じて種々の形態に加工することができ
る。たとえば、この発明にしたがう線材は、スパイラル
状に加工されて送電線に取付けられてもよい。The wire rod having the snow melting effect according to the present invention has a linear shape, but when used, it can be processed into various shapes according to the purpose and application. For example, the wire rod according to the present invention may be processed into a spiral shape and attached to a power transmission line.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の作用効果】この発明の線材において、線状の磁
性体は、０℃以上のキュリー温度を有するため、少なく
とも０℃（水の融点）以下においては、強磁性体であ
り、送電線が発生する交番磁界によって発熱して、氷雪
を溶かすように働く。In the wire of the present invention, since the linear magnetic material has a Curie temperature of 0 ° C. or higher, it is a ferromagnetic material at least below 0 ° C. (melting point of water), and the power transmission line is The alternating magnetic field generated generates heat and acts to melt ice and snow.
【００１７】交番磁界による発熱の原因としては、ヒス
テリシス損失、渦電流損失および残留損失がある。ヒス
テリシス損失は、交番磁界中で磁性体が磁化する過程で
損失するエネルギに対応し、磁化が１周するエネルギで
現わされる。ヒステリシス損失は、外部磁界に比例する
のは言うまでもないが、材料の磁化率が大きければ損失
量が大きい。しかしながら、送電線によって形成される
交番磁界の大きさは、たかだか数エルステッド程度であ
り、一般の磁性体では磁気的に飽和に達しておらず、い
わゆるレイリーループの範囲内である。The causes of heat generation due to the alternating magnetic field include hysteresis loss, eddy current loss and residual loss. Hysteresis loss corresponds to the energy lost in the process of magnetizing a magnetic body in an alternating magnetic field, and is represented by the energy of one round of magnetization. Needless to say, the hysteresis loss is proportional to the external magnetic field, but if the magnetic susceptibility of the material is large, the loss amount is large. However, the magnitude of the alternating magnetic field formed by the power transmission line is at most about several oersteds, and the magnetic field does not reach saturation magnetically in a general magnetic body, and is within the range of the so-called Rayleigh loop.
【００１８】レイリーループ内では保磁力の効果は小さ
く、発熱量は交番磁界の周波数と透磁率にのみ依存する
が、５０〜６０Ｈｚの送電線を考慮した場合、発熱量は
かなり小さい。したがって、レイリーループ内での発熱
は、渦電流損失が特に重要となる。渦電流は、磁性体が
磁化されるとき電磁誘導則によって磁性体内部に磁化を
妨げるように流れる電流である。渦電流の大きさは、磁
性体の形や磁化機構によっても異なるが、一般には、磁
性体の透磁率に比例し、導電率に反比例する。In the Rayleigh loop, the effect of coercive force is small and the amount of heat generation depends only on the frequency and magnetic permeability of the alternating magnetic field, but the amount of heat generation is considerably small when considering a transmission line of 50 to 60 Hz. Therefore, eddy current loss is particularly important for heat generation in the Rayleigh loop. The eddy current is a current that flows inside the magnetic body when the magnetic body is magnetized so as to hinder the magnetization according to the electromagnetic induction law. The magnitude of the eddy current varies depending on the shape of the magnetic body and the magnetization mechanism, but is generally proportional to the magnetic permeability of the magnetic body and inversely proportional to the electrical conductivity.
【００１９】また、送電線により形成される磁束は、磁
性材料の中に深く侵入することはなく、いわゆるｓｋｉ
ｎ ｄｅｐｔｈ（表皮厚）と呼ばれる磁性材料の表層部
分にしか侵入しない。Further, the magnetic flux formed by the power transmission line does not penetrate deeply into the magnetic material, and is a so-called ski.
It penetrates only into the surface layer portion of the magnetic material called n depth (skin depth).
【００２０】そこで、この発明にしたがう線材では、高
導電性の金属を磁性体の表面に付着させることにより、
渦電流損失をさらに発生させ、発熱量を向上させてい
る。Therefore, in the wire according to the present invention, by attaching a highly conductive metal to the surface of the magnetic substance,
The eddy current loss is further generated and the amount of heat generation is improved.
【００２１】さらに、この発明において高導電性金属に
撥水性の高い材料を複合させて形成した皮膜は、水をは
じきやすい。したがって、この皮膜は水に濡れにくく、
融雪した結果生成する水滴は、この皮膜で覆われる線材
表面から効果的に除去される。Further, in the present invention, the film formed by combining a highly conductive metal with a material having a high water repellency easily repels water. Therefore, this film is hard to get wet with water,
Water droplets generated as a result of snow melting are effectively removed from the surface of the wire covered with this film.
【００２２】また、撥水性材料の微粒子が皮膜の表面に
存在するため、送電線に通電しない状態でも、降雪量が
少ない場合は着雪を防ぐことができる。Further, since the fine particles of the water-repellent material are present on the surface of the film, it is possible to prevent snow from accumulating even when the power transmission line is not energized when the amount of snowfall is small.
【００２３】さらに、この発明にしたがう線材は、送電
線にたとえばスパイラル状に巻付けることにより、送電
線表面にも熱を効率的に伝えることができ、融雪効果を
向上させることができる。Further, the wire rod according to the present invention can efficiently transmit heat to the surface of the power transmission line by winding it around the power transmission line, for example, in a spiral shape, thereby improving the snow melting effect.
【００２４】以上説明したように、この発明にしたがう
線材は、十分な発熱効果を示すのみならず、融雪により
生成した水を効率よくその表面から排除し、つららの成
長等を起こしにくく、かつ着雪がより起こりにくい融雪
部材となっている。As explained above, the wire rod according to the present invention not only exhibits a sufficient heat-generating effect, but also efficiently removes water generated by snow melting from the surface of the wire rod, which makes it difficult for icicles to grow and the like. It is a snow melting member that makes snow less likely to occur.
【００２５】[0025]
【実施例】実施例１ キュリー温度が２５０℃で、２ｍｍの線径を有するＦｅ
−Ｎｉ１４％の線材を準備した。Example 1 Fe having a Curie temperature of 250 ° C. and a wire diameter of 2 mm
A wire material containing 14% Ni was prepared.
【００２６】一方、酒石酸ナトリウム２０ｇ／ｌ、次亜
リン酸ナトリウム２ｇ／ｌ、硫酸ニッケル２３０ｇ／ｌ
およびフッ素系界面活性剤１ｇ／ｌを含有する水溶液
に、公称粒径１μｍのフッ化黒鉛粉末を２０ｇ／ｌの濃
度で分散させ、共析メッキ液を調製した。On the other hand, sodium tartrate 20 g / l, sodium hypophosphite 2 g / l, nickel sulfate 230 g / l
A fluorinated graphite powder having a nominal particle size of 1 μm was dispersed at a concentration of 20 g / l in an aqueous solution containing 1 g / l of a fluorinated surfactant to prepare a eutectoid plating solution.
【００２７】このメッキ液を８０℃に加温して、Ｆｅ−
Ｎｉ１４％の線材を浸漬することにより、１μｍの厚み
で共析メッキを行なった。The plating solution was heated to 80 ° C. to obtain Fe-
A 14% Ni wire rod was dipped to carry out eutectoid plating with a thickness of 1 μm.
【００２８】以上のようにして作製した線材を図１に示
す。図１（ａ）に示すように、作製された融雪線材１は
丸線状であり、その断面は図１（ｂ）に示すとおりで、
Ｆｅ−Ｎｉ１４％の磁性体２の表面にＮｉおよびフッ化
黒鉛が混在してなる皮膜３が形成されている。The wire rod manufactured as described above is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1 (a), the produced snow melting wire 1 has a round wire shape, and its cross section is as shown in FIG. 1 (b).
On the surface of the magnetic body 2 of Fe-Ni 14%, a coating 3 in which Ni and fluorinated graphite are mixed is formed.
【００２９】以上のように構成される融雪線材を、図２
に示すように、ＡＣＳＲ８１０ｍｍ 2 に５ｍｍのピッチ
で巻付けた。気温１．５℃、風速０〜３ｍ／分、降雪量
５ｍｍ／Ｈｒの気象下で、電線に１００Ａの通電を行な
ったところ、線材は完全に融雪を遂行した。また、融雪
の結果生成する水滴も線材の表面に認められなかった。
さらに、電線に通電を行なわない状態でも、気温０．５
℃、風速３ｍ／分、降雪量３ｍｍ／Ｈｒの気象下で着雪
現象は認められなかった。 実施例２ キュリー温度が５０℃のＦｅ−Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ−Ｓｉで構成
される線径φ２ｍｍの線材を準備した。FIG. 2 shows a snow melting wire rod constructed as described above.
As shown in, ACSR 810mm 25mm pitch
Wrapped around. Air temperature 1.5 ° C, wind speed 0-3m / min, snowfall
Under the weather of 5mm / Hr, energize the wire with 100A.
The wire rod completely melted the snow. Also, snow melting
No water droplets formed as a result of the above were observed on the surface of the wire.
Furthermore, even if the electric wire is not energized, the temperature is 0.5
℃, wind speed 3m / min, snowfall 3mm / Hr
No phenomenon was observed. Example 2 Composed of Fe-Ni-Cr-Si having a Curie temperature of 50 ° C
A wire having a diameter of 2 mm was prepared.
【００３０】硫酸ニッケル７水和物３２０ｇ／ｌ、塩化
ニッケル６水和物２０ｇ／ｌ、硫酸第一鉄７水和物１８
ｇ／ｌ、硼酸３０ｇ／ｌ、ステアリン酸ナトリウム１ｇ
／ｌ、および公称粒径２μｍのテトラフルオロエチレン
粉末２０ｇ／ｌを含有するメッキ液中で、電流密度１Ａ
／ｄｍ2 、浴温５５℃において、Ｆｅ−Ｎｉメッキを上
記線材に５０μｍの厚さで行なった。Nickel sulfate heptahydrate 320 g / l, nickel chloride hexahydrate 20 g / l, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 18
g / l, boric acid 30g / l, sodium stearate 1g
/ L, and a current density of 1 A in a plating solution containing 20 g / l of tetrafluoroethylene powder having a nominal particle size of 2 μm
Fe / Ni plating was performed on the above wire rod at a thickness of 50 μm at a temperature of / dm 2 and a bath temperature of 55 ° C.
【００３１】以上のようにして作製した融雪線材をＡＣ
ＳＲ８１０ｍｍ2 上にピッチ５ｍｍでスパイラルに環設
した。気温１．５℃、風速０〜３ｍ／分、降雪量５ｍｍ
／Ｈｒの気象下で、電線に１００Ａの通電を行なったと
ころ、線材表面に付着した雪は完全に溶け、融雪の結果
生じる水滴も線材の表面に認められなかった。さらに、
電線に通電を行なわない状態でも、気温０．５℃、風速
３ｍ／分、降雪量３ｍｍ／Ｈｒの気象下では着雪減少は
認められなかった。The snow-melting wire rod produced as described above was subjected to AC
It was spirally installed on SR810 mm 2 with a pitch of 5 mm. Air temperature 1.5 ° C, wind speed 0-3m / min, snowfall 5mm
When a current of 100 A was applied to the electric wire under the weather of / Hr, the snow adhering to the surface of the wire was completely melted, and no water drop resulting from the snow melting was observed on the surface of the wire. further,
Even when the electric wire was not energized, no decrease in snow accretion was observed under the conditions of a temperature of 0.5 ° C., a wind speed of 3 m / min, and a snowfall of 3 mm / Hr.
【図１】この発明にしたがう融雪線材の一具体例を示す
（ａ）斜視図、および（ｂ）断面図である。1A is a perspective view and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view showing a specific example of a snow melting wire according to the present invention.
【図２】この発明にしたがう融雪線材を送電線に取付け
た状態を示す側面図である。FIG. 2 is a side view showing a state in which the snow melting wire according to the present invention is attached to a power transmission line.
１ 融雪線材 ２ 磁性体 ３ 皮膜 1 Snow melting wire 2 Magnetic material 3 Film
Claims (1)
記送電線に装着して使用する融雪効果を有する線材であ
って、 ０℃以上のキュリー温度を有する線状の磁性体の表面
に、撥水性材料および導電性金属を含む皮膜を形成して
なる、融雪効果を有する線材。1. A wire rod having a snow melting effect, which is used by being attached to the power transmission line in order to prevent ice and snow from adhering to the power transmission line, the linear magnetic body having a Curie temperature of 0 ° C. or higher. A wire rod having a snow melting effect, which is formed by forming a film containing a water repellent material and a conductive metal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4085441A JPH05292638A (en) | 1992-04-07 | 1992-04-07 | Wire material having snow melting effect |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4085441A JPH05292638A (en) | 1992-04-07 | 1992-04-07 | Wire material having snow melting effect |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05292638A true JPH05292638A (en) | 1993-11-05 |
Family
ID=13858957
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4085441A Withdrawn JPH05292638A (en) | 1992-04-07 | 1992-04-07 | Wire material having snow melting effect |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH05292638A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6723971B1 (en) * | 1998-12-01 | 2004-04-20 | The Trustees Of Dartmouth College | Methods and structures for removing ice from surfaces |
| US6870139B2 (en) | 2002-02-11 | 2005-03-22 | The Trustees Of Dartmouth College | Systems and methods for modifying an ice-to-object interface |
| US7087876B2 (en) | 1998-06-15 | 2006-08-08 | The Trustees Of Dartmouth College | High-frequency melting of interfacial ice |
| US7164100B2 (en) | 1998-06-15 | 2007-01-16 | The Trustees Of Dartmouth College | High-frequency de-icing of cableways |
| US8931296B2 (en) | 2009-11-23 | 2015-01-13 | John S. Chen | System and method for energy-saving inductive heating of evaporators and other heat-exchangers |
-
1992
- 1992-04-07 JP JP4085441A patent/JPH05292638A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7087876B2 (en) | 1998-06-15 | 2006-08-08 | The Trustees Of Dartmouth College | High-frequency melting of interfacial ice |
| US7164100B2 (en) | 1998-06-15 | 2007-01-16 | The Trustees Of Dartmouth College | High-frequency de-icing of cableways |
| US6723971B1 (en) * | 1998-12-01 | 2004-04-20 | The Trustees Of Dartmouth College | Methods and structures for removing ice from surfaces |
| US6870139B2 (en) | 2002-02-11 | 2005-03-22 | The Trustees Of Dartmouth College | Systems and methods for modifying an ice-to-object interface |
| US8931296B2 (en) | 2009-11-23 | 2015-01-13 | John S. Chen | System and method for energy-saving inductive heating of evaporators and other heat-exchangers |
| US11585588B2 (en) | 2009-11-23 | 2023-02-21 | John S. Chen | System and method for energy-saving inductive heating of evaporators and other heat-exchangers |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A300 | Withdrawal of application because of no request for examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A300 Effective date: 19990608 |