JPH0528563B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is a method of cultivating soil in a field deeply with a deep tiller, and then finely crushing the surface soil with a soil crusher to create a cultivation bed for crops. The present invention relates to improvements in a method for creating a crop cultivation bed and a device for creating a crop cultivation bed used in the method.

[Prior Art] The work of creating a crop cultivation bed in a field for cultivating crops is usually done by using a self-propelled vehicle such as a tractor and a deep-cultivating machine such as a subsoil crushing plow body or a deep-ploughing plow. By connecting and towing the machine, put it in the field, and run the vehicle to plow the soil in the field deeply and gently.Then, remove the deep plowing machine from the vehicle body and attach the soil crushing machine interchangeably. By running the vehicle again, the surface soil is finely crushed to create a cultivation bed.

This is because deep plowing work that is carried out by towing a deep plowing work machine has a large traction resistance, and it is only possible to perform the work by using a large tractor with high horsepower. This is due to the fact that it has become impossible to combine the two operations of deep plowing and surface crushing at the same time because of the horsepower required.

For this reason, the subsoil crushing plow for tilling deep soil is vibrated back and forth by a vibration device as it advances into the soil to reduce traction resistance.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 59-38089 proposes a method in which a rotor for crushing the surface soil of the field is coupled to the rear of the subsoil crushing plow, and this rotor is driven via an output shaft provided in a vibrating device. There is.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] The above-mentioned plowing operation using the subsoil crushing plough is carried out by using vibration to reduce traction resistance, and a rotor that acts on the surface soil is connected to the rear of the subsoil crushing plough. The method of installing the rotor is that the benefit of reducing traction resistance due to vibration cannot be obtained until the horsepower required for soil crushing work is covered by the rotor, so the work can only be done using a large tractor with high horsepower. There's a problem.

The present invention was made in order to solve this problem that occurs with conventional means, and includes a plowing operation in which the soil in a field is deeply plowed in order to create a crop cultivation bed in the field. The work of finely crushing the surface soil of the plowed soil and finishing it as a cultivation bed can be done in one trip using a regular tractor, not a special large tractor, without running out of traction horsepower. The purpose is to provide a means to enable this.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention has been completed based on knowledge obtained through various studies and experiments for this purpose. In other words, when carrying out work by being attached to a self-propelled vehicle body such as a tractor and towing it, a deep plowing machine is attached to the vehicle body so that it can swing, and a vibrating device is attached to it to vibrate it. When traction is applied to the soil, the traction resistance is significantly reduced.
It is possible to plow to a deep depth with sufficient margin without the use of a large tractor, and for this reason, a system installed on the body of a tractor or other vehicle so as to vibrate using a vibration excitation device. A soil crushing work machine is connected to and towed behind the deep tillage work machine so as to swing independently from the deep tillage work machine, and is also equipped with a dedicated vibration device like the deep tillage work machine. By attaching it to the machine and making it vibrate, it became possible to effectively crush the surface soil with low traction resistance. As a result, the work of finely crushing soil and finishing it into cultivation beds can now be done at the same time without using a large tractor.

Therefore, in the present invention, as a means for achieving the above-mentioned object, a deep-cultivation work machine is mounted on a self-propelled vehicle body such as a tractor so as to be swingable in the vertical direction, and A machine is arranged behind the deep tillage working machine and mounted so as to be swingable in the vertical direction separately from the deep tillage working machine, and the deep tillage working machine and the soil crushing working machine are respectively assembled thereto. A method for creating a crop cultivation bed characterized in that a crop cultivation bed is created in a field by vibrating each part separately using a vibrating device that generates vibrations in the vertical direction and acting on the soil of the field to cause it to be pulled. In addition, as a device used to carry out this method, a deep cultivation work machine and a soil crushing work machine are arranged one after the other in that order on a self-propelled vehicle body such as a tractor, and each machine is operated separately in the vertical direction. The present invention proposes a crop cultivation bed creation device in which a deep cultivation work machine and a soil crushing work machine are mounted so that they can vibrate, and a vibration generating device that generates vertical vibration is attached to each of the deep cultivation work machine and the soil crushing work machine. It is something to do.

[Example] Next, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a side view of the cultivation bed preparation device used in carrying out the method of the present invention, which is attached to the rear side of the vehicle body of a tractor. The mounted cultivation bed creation device is shown.

Tractor T, although the first half is omitted and only the second half is shown in the drawing, is a normal four-wheeled riding tractor, and the rear side of the vehicle body has a top link 10 and left and right lower links. 11,11
(one is omitted in the drawing) and a three-point link type connecting hitch consisting of a lift arm 12,
It is equipped with a PTO axis 13.

The cultivation bed preparation device A includes a deep-cultivation working machine a, which is mounted on the vehicle body by connecting and supporting a machine frame 2 to a three-point link type connecting hitch on the rear side of the vehicle body of the tractor T; A soil-crushing working machine b is disposed behind the working machine a, and the machine frame 3 is connected and supported to the machine frame 2 of the working machine b, and the machine frame 3 is connected and supported to the vehicle body. a vibration excitation device W1 assembled to the machine frame 2 of the machine, and a vibration vibration device W2 assembled to the machine frame 3 of the soil crushing work machine b for vibrating it.
It consists of.

The machine frame 2 of the deep plowing work machine a is formed in a gate shape or an arch shape when viewed from the rear, and
top link 10 and lower links 11, 11
In addition, an assembling machine frame 20 is assembled and mounted on a three-point link type connection hit consisting of a lift arm 12 so as to be able to rise and fall freely, and the left and right parts of the lower part of the assembling machine frame 20 are arranged on the rear side of the assembling machine frame 20. Connecting fulcrums 21 on both sides
Left and right lower arms 22 provided to freely rotate up and down around the center; and these left and right lower arms 22.
Connecting member 2 that is strung across so as to connect the rear end sides of
3..., the frame body 40 of the vibration excitation device W1 which is integrally assembled to the connecting member 23..., and the upper end portion of the assembling machine frame 20, which is formed to elastically expand and contract like a shock absorber. It consists of an upper arm 26 that is mounted across the upper surface of the frame 40 of the vibration generating device W1 via connecting shafts 24 and 25. A tool bar 27, which serves as a hitch to which the deep-cultivating working machine a can be interchangeably mounted, is mounted on the rear end surface of these lower arms 22 by means of a mounting bracket.

The deep plowing work machine a is constructed by installing a chisel 51 and wings 52 in one or multiple stages on the lower end side of a shank 50 formed in the shape of a vertically long blade plate. It is integrally assembled to the lower arm 22 of the machine frame 2 by tightening the upper end portion to a clamp 28 that is slidably fitted to the tool bar 27 described above. The deep plowing work machine a vibrates together with its frame 40 by being vibrated by the operation of the vibrating device W1, and at this time, the chisel 51 and the wing 52 vibrate.
The entire soil located above the ground is shaken up and down, causing it to swell and crumble. Full-thickness plowing is now possible.

This deep plowing work machine a is constructed by forming the lower half of the shank 50, which is formed in the shape of a vertically long blade plate, into a holding blade that bends sideways when viewed from the rear, and by providing a blade portion on the front edge. , the upper end side of the shank 50 is attached to the tool bar 27 with the clamp 28, and the soil located above the holding blade is vibrated together with the frame body 40 by the operation of the vibration excitation device W1. It may be formed as appropriate, such as in a form in which it is swollen and crushed by being shaken up and down. Further, when the deep plowing work machine a is assembled to the machine frame 2, the second
As shown in the figure, they may be provided in parallel in multiple rows on the left and right.

The vibration generating device W1 includes an unbalancer type vibration generating mechanism 4 in which a weight 42 is eccentrically provided on a rotating shaft 41 as shown in FIG. The two unbalancer-type vibration generating mechanisms 4, 4 are mounted on the frame 40 in two rows parallel to each other on the left and right (or up and down) so that their rotational shafts 41 are parallel to each other. Gears G are provided on the shaft 41 so as to rotate coaxially and mesh with each other so that they rotate in synchronization and in opposite directions, and the respective weights 42, 42
However, by positioning the gears G and G so that they rotate in symmetrical positions with respect to each other in the left-right direction around each rotating shaft 41, and meshing and combining the gears G and G, the generated vibrations can be transmitted to each other in the left-right direction. This is an unbalancer-type vibration excitation device that cancels out and generates vibration only in the vertical direction, and rotates the frame 40 so that the rotation axis 41 of each vibration mechanism 4 is in the vertical direction. As a result, the generated vibrations are in the front-rear direction or the left-right direction, and in this example, the rotating shaft 41 of each vibration generating mechanism 4 is set so that the direction of the generated vibrations is in the vertical direction.
The direction is set to be horizontal. In this case, the rotating shafts 41 are not limited to being parallel to the left and right, but may be parallel to the front and back.

The vibration exciter W1 connects an input shaft 43 protruding from the front side of its frame 40 to the PTO shaft 1 of the tractor T via a universal joint shaft 44.
3, which is driven by the tractor T.
It is now carried out by the prime mover on the side.

The machine frame 3 of the soil crushing work machine b is shown in Figures 2 and 3.
As shown in the figure, the front end side is
The left and right lower arms 3 are connected to the respective rear extensions 220 of the left and right lower arms 22 of the machine frame 2 so as to rotate up and down by a support shaft 31, and extend rearward for a long time.
0, 30, the connecting members 32, 32 that span the lower arms 30, 30, the frame 60 of the vibration generator W2 that is integrally connected to the connecting members 32, 32, and the frame 60. The rear end portion is connected to the upper end portion by a connecting shaft 33, and the front end portion is connected to the upper end portion of the frame body 40 of the vibration excitation device W1 assembled to the machine frame 2 of the above-mentioned deep plowing working machine a by a connecting shaft 34. The upper arm 35 consists of a shock absorber. The soil crushing machine b is mounted by integrally connecting and fixing a frame 70 to the lower surface side of the lower arms 30, 30 described above.

The soil-crushing work machine b is a tooth harrow 7 in which a large number of blade-shaped teeth (tooth rods) 71 are mounted in parallel on the lower surface side of a frame 70 formed in the shape of a horizontally long flat box. A leveling plate 73 is connected to the rear edge side of the frame 70 by a hinge 72 and can be supported vertically and rotatably. The ground leveling plate 73 slides the upper end side of a guide rod 74 whose lower end side is connected to the upper surface of the rear end side of the ground leveling plate 73 into the guide cylinder portion 75 provided on the upper surface of the rear end portion of the lower arm 30. A guide cylinder part 75 is provided on the upper end side of the guide rod 74 that can be freely fitted into the guide rod 74 and protrudes upward from the guide cylinder part 75.
By inserting and inserting a regular pin 76 that abuts on the top surface, the hinge 72 is rotated within a certain angle range, and in this state is biased downward by a spring 77. Accordingly, spring 7
7, it is configured to freely rotate up and down relative to the frame 70 within a certain angular range. In addition, the above-mentioned guide cylinder part 7
5 and the guide rod 74 are provided with through holes 78, 78 as shown in FIG.
9, the state is changed to a state where it is fixed to the frame 70.

The vibrating device W2 is an unbalancer type vibrating device configured similarly to the vibrating device W1 for vibrating the deep plowing working machine a described above, and is provided within the frame 60 as shown in FIGS. 4 to 7 described above. The unbalancer type vibration generating mechanism 4... is stored and supported in a combined state by gears G, G. The input shaft 61 of the input shaft 61 is formed in the vibration exciter W1 of the deep-cultivating working machine a by making one end of the rotating shaft 41 of the vibration mechanism 4 protrude from the frame 40 as shown in FIG. axis 45
By transmitting the power through the universal joint shaft 62, the deep plowing work machine a is transmitted from the tractor T side.
Rotational power is transmitted using the vibration generating device W1 as an intermediate transmission mechanism. However, the vibration device W2 for vibrating the soil crushing work machine b is
As shown in FIG. 10, an engine assembly bed 63 is provided on the upper surface (or side surface) of the frame 60 of the vibration generator W2, and an engine E for driving the vibration generator is installed therein. The output shaft of the oscillating device W2 may be driven by being transmitted to the input shaft 61 of the oscillating device W2 via a transmission mechanism 64.

The embodiment device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and FIG.
And when the work is carried out by driving the tractor T while operating the vibration generator W2 of the soil crushing work machine b,
Tooth harrow 7 of soil crushing machine b that vibrates the surface soil of soil deeply plowed by vibrating deep plowing machine a
The soil is crushed finely, and the ground leveling plate 73 crushes it even more finely and evens it out to form a cultivation bed.

Next, FIG. 11 shows another embodiment.

In this embodiment, a soil crushing working machine b, which is arranged behind the deep plowing working machine a and connected to the vehicle body of the tractor T, is composed of a tooth harrow 7 and a ridge former 8 located behind it. In addition, a tool bar-like hitch 36 is installed on the machine frame 3 of the soil crushing work machine b so that the ridge shaper 8 can be interchangeably mounted on a shaper of a desired shape or other work machines. The ridge forming device 8 is attached to the hitch 36 by a clamp 28 according to the first aspect described above.
The only difference is from the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 2, and for the same configuration, components having the same effect are given the same reference numerals and detailed explanations will be omitted.

Therefore, the ridge forming device 8 of this embodiment device is a soil cultivator constructed by providing a plow tip 81 and a soil board 82 extending from side to side on the lower end side of a mounting rod that is attached to the hitch 36 by the above-mentioned clamp 28. As shown in Fig. 11, the earthen board 82 is formed so that its left and right ends cover the upper surface of the shoulder of the ridge being formed. .

In the embodiment configured in this way, by driving the tractor T while operating the vibration generators W1 and W2, the deep plowing working machine a The tooth harrow 7 of the soil crushing machine b finely crushes the surface soil of the soil that is being deeply stirred.The ridge former 8 forms it into ridges. The earth mooring board 82 hits the shoulders of the ridges, compacting them, and forming ridges with less collapse.

Next, FIGS. 13 and 14 show still another embodiment.

This embodiment differs from each of the above-described embodiments in that the soil crushing machine b, which is arranged behind the deep plowing machine a and is connected and mounted on the rear side of the vehicle body of the tractor T, is a disk harrow 9. The only difference is that the remaining configurations are the same, and the same reference numerals are given to the structural members having the same effect, and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted.

However, disk harrow 9 has frame 90
A long support shaft 92 on the left and right is attached to the support rods 91, 91 vertically installed on the
A large number of disks 93... are supported on the support shaft 92.
It is a normal disk harrow consisting of parallel shafts, and its frame 90 is attached to the earth crushing work machine B.
It is mounted on the vehicle body by being assembled and fixed to the lower surface side of the lower arms 30, 30 of the machine frame 3.

The embodiment device configured in this manner operates the vibration excitation devices W1 and W2 to vibrate the disk harrow 9, which is the deep cultivation work machine a and the soil crushing work machine B, as in the above-mentioned embodiments. By performing the work by running the tractor T, the deep plowing work machine a
The disk harrow 9 finely crushes the surface soil of the soil that is deeply plowed to create a cultivation bed for crops. As the soil begins to burrow into the soil, it begins to crush the surface soil extremely effectively, forming a good bed for growing crops.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the means for creating a crop cultivation bed according to the present invention includes mounting a deep-cultivation working machine on a self-propelled vehicle body such as a tractor so as to be able to swing it in the vertical direction.
This is made to vibrate by a vibration excitation device that generates vibrations in the vertical direction, and a soil crushing working machine is arranged behind the deep cultivation working machine and mounted on the vehicle body so as to be swingable in the vertical direction, This is caused to vibrate by a vibration device that generates vibrations in the vertical direction, which is provided separately from the vibration device, and the deep cultivation work machine and the soil crushing work machine are connected to each other by vibration vibration devices that are separately assembled to them. The soil in the field is deeply tilled in order to create a bed for cultivating crops in the field. The plowing work and the work of finely crushing the surface soil of the plowed soil and finishing it as a cultivation bed can be carried out by ordinary tractors, not special large tractors, due to lack of traction horsepower. It can be done in one step without causing any damage.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a side view of the crop cultivation bed preparation device used in carrying out the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same as above, Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the same part as above, and Fig. 4 is a part of the vibration excitation device as above. , FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional plan view of the same vibration exciter, FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway front view of the same vibration exciter, FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of the same vibration exciter, and FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the support mechanism for the ground leveling plate of the embodiment device shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the same action as above, and FIG. 10 is a side view of the main part of a modification of the embodiment device shown in FIG. 1. , FIG. 11 is a side view of another example device, FIG. 12 is a rear view of the same as above, FIG. 13 is a side view of another example device, FIG. 14 is a rear view of same as above, and FIG. 15 is a rear view of the same as above. It is an explanatory diagram of the effect. Explanation of drawing symbols, A... Cultivation bed creation device, a...
...Deep cultivation work equipment, b...Soil crushing work equipment, E...Engine, G...Gears, T...Tractor, W1/W
2... Vibration device, 10... Top link, 11...
...Lower link, 12...Lift arm, 13...
PTO axis, 2...Machine frame, 20...Assembling machine frame, 21
... Connection fulcrum, 22 ... Lower arm, 23 ... Connection member, 24, 25 ... Connection shaft, 26 ... Upper arm, 27 ... Tool bar, 28 ... Clamp, 220 ... Rear extension part, 3 ... ...Machine frame, 30...
... Lower arm, 31 ... Support shaft, 32 ... Connection member, 33, 34 ... Connection shaft, 35 ... Upper arm, 36 ... Hitoshi, 4 ... Vibration mechanism, 40 ...
Frame body, 41... Rotating shaft, 42... Weight, 43...
Input shaft, 44...Universal joint shaft, 4
5...Output shaft, 50...Shank, 51...Chisel, 52...Wing, 60...Frame body, 61...
Input shaft, 62...Universal joint shaft, 6
3... Assembly bed, 64... Transmission mechanism, 7... Tooth harrow, 70... Frame, 71... Teeth, 72... Hinge, 73... Leveling plate, 74...
Guide rod, 75...Guide, 76...Regulation pin,
77... Spring, 78... Through hole, 79... Lock pin, 8... Ridge former, 80... Mounting rod, 81...
... Plow tip, 82 ... Earthen board, 9 ... Disk harrow, 90 ... Frame, 91 ... Support rod, 92 ...
Support shaft, 93... disk.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A deep plowing work machine is mounted on a self-propelled vehicle body such as a tractor so as to be able to swing vertically, and a soil crushing work machine is arranged behind the deep plowing work machine. Separately from the deep plowing work machine, it is mounted so that it can swing vertically, and these deep plowing work machines and soil crushing work machines are
By vibrating each of them separately using a vibrating device that generates vertical vibrations and acting on the soil in the field to cause traction,
A method for constructing a crop cultivation bed characterized by constructing a crop cultivation bed in a field. 2. A deep cultivation work machine and a soil crushing work machine are arranged one behind the other in that order on a self-propelled vehicle body such as a tractor,
Each of the machines is separately mounted so as to vibrate in the vertical direction, and each of the deep cultivation work machine and the soil crushing work machine is assembled with a vibration device that generates vibration in the vertical direction. Crop cultivation bed preparation equipment. 3. A power take-off shaft is installed in a vibration exciter that generates vertical vibrations that vibrate a deep-plowing work machine, and the power take-off shaft is used as an input of the vibration system that generates vertical vibrations that vibrate a soil crushing work machine. 3. The crop cultivation bed making device according to claim 2, wherein the energy is transmitted to the shaft.