JPH05272061A - Cloth having moisture-permeability controllable by temperature - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the subject cloth having moisture-permeability controllable by temperature variation by coating a textile structure with a specific amount of a shape-memory resin having a specific glass-transition temperature. CONSTITUTION:A urethane compound, an acrylic compound or a silicone compound having a glass-transition temperature of 0-40 deg.C and varying its nature from a rubbery state to a glassy state at the transition temperature is applied to a cloth with a knife coater at a coating ratio of 0-200g/m<2>. The coated cloth is heat-treated to obtain the objective cloth having moisture permeability controllable by the temperature change to keep the humidity in clothes at a low level by sucking the moisture in clothes with the resin in a high temperature environment and keep the humidity in clothes at a high level by keeping the moisture- absorption to a low level in a low temperature environment.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fabric whose moisture permeability is controlled by changing temperature.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, fabrics made of synthetic fibers and fabrics made of natural fibers are provided with water repellency, waterproofness, windproofness, heat retention,
Addition of performance such as flame retardancy, heat resistance, heat insulation, and color,
Various coating processes are performed to impart surface changes such as gloss and touch, and synthetic polymers such as acrylic resin, urethane resin, and silicone resin are used as the coating resin.

[0003]

However, as conventional coating resins, the glass transition temperatures of urethane resin are -50 ° C to -20 ° C, acrylic resin is -80 ° C to 0 ° C, and silicone resin is-. It was 123 ° C to -122 ° C, and the water vapor permeability could not be controlled by the temperature.

[0004]

The present invention is a shape memory resin having a glass structure having a glass transition temperature of 0 ° C to + 40 ° C and having a rubber region and a glass region at the glass transition temperature as a boundary. Urethane compound, acrylic compound or silicon compound is coated, and the coating amount is 1g
/ A fabric to control the moisture permeability with temperature, characterized in that m is ² to 200 g / m ^2.

In the present invention, the fibrous structure means a knitted fabric, a woven fabric, a non-woven fabric made of natural fibers or synthetic fibers alone, or a mixed spun product made of two or more kinds of fibers, a mixed woven or mixed knitted fabric, leather,
A product containing paper and other fibers.

Next, a urethane compound to be coated,
The acrylic compound and the silicon compound will be described. As the polyurethane resin, for example, an organic diisocyanate and a polyalkylene ether glycol, or a polyester having a hydroxy group at a terminal is reacted to prepare a prepolymer, and a chain extender such as diamine, diol, or polyol is used to prepare a polyurethane elastomer by an appropriate known method. It is what As the organic diisocyanate which is a component constituting these polyurethanes, aromatic, aliphatic, and alicyclic hydrocarbon diisocyanates or a mixture thereof, specifically, for example, toluylene-2,4-
Examples thereof include diisocyanate, toluylene-2,6-diisocyanate, diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate and paraxylene diisocyanate. As the polyalkylene ether glycol, for example, polyethylene ether glycol,
Polypropylene ether glycol, polytetramethylene ether glycol, polyhexamethylene ether glycol, and mixtures and copolymers thereof, and polyesters such as ethylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol, propylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol and hexamethylene glycol. A polycondensate of an aliphatic polyalkylene glycol, an alicyclic glycol such as cyclohexanediol, or a glycol such as an aromatic glycol such as xylenediol and an organic acid such as succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, and terephthalic acid,
Examples of the chain extender include ethylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol, hydrazine, ethylenediamine, methylenedi-O-chloroaniline and the like. If necessary, triethylamine, triethylenediamine, N-methylmorpholine, N-ethylmorpholine, dibutyltin dilaurate, cobalt naphthenate or the like is used as a polymerization reaction catalyst. The polyurethane thus obtained is usually applied to the present invention in the form of a solution. As the solvent for dissolving the polyurethane, water or a water-soluble or water-miscible solvent which can be extracted with a water-miscible solvent is suitable.
-Dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide,
Tetrahydrofuran, tetramethylurea, N, N-dimethylacetamide, dioxane, butylcarbinol and the like are used alone or in combination. It is permissible to use ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone and water in these solvents in a range that does not solidify the polyurethane, for example, 20% or less.

As the acrylic copolymer used in the present invention, any of those generally used can be applied. For example, a hydroxyl group- or carboxyl group-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomer polymer and a crosslinking agent are ketones. A solution dissolved in an organic solvent such as benzene, xylene, toluene and halogenated hydrocarbon is mainly used. The hydroxyl group- or carboxyl group-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomer polymer is represented by the general formula

[Chemical 1] (In the formula, R ₇ is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms, R ₃
Is an alkyl group, an aryl group, a halogen-substituted alkyl group,
Halogen-substituted aryl group, nitrile group or 2 to 1 carbon atoms
9 represents an alkoxycarbonyl group. However, when R ₃ is a nitrile group, R ₇ is hydrogen. ) An ethylenically unsaturated monomer having neither a hydroxyl group nor a carboxyl group, represented by the general formula

[Chemical 2] (Wherein R ₉ is hydrogen, an alkyl group or a carboxyalkyl group, R ₁₀ is a hydrogen or a carboxyl group, R ₁₁ is a hydrogen or a hydroxyalkyl group, and n is 0 or a positive integer). It can be obtained very easily by polymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a carboxyl group by a known appropriate method. If a specific example of the monomer represented by the general formula (1) is shown here, acrylonitrile, alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate, styrene and the like are acrylic as the monomer represented by the general formula (2). Examples of the acid include ethylenically unsaturated acids such as methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, and maleic acid, hydroxyalkyl acrylates, hydroxyalkyl methacrylates, and 3-chloro-2-hydroxyalkyl methacrylates. These (1) or (2 It goes without saying that the monomers represented by the formula) may be used as a terpolymer or a multi-component polymer of three or more kinds by using two or more kinds of each of them in the polymerization.

As the polymer substance containing silicon as a main component, a dehydrogenation reaction, dealcoholization reaction or addition reaction product of a silicon prepolymer having hydrogen, an alkyl group or a hydroxyl group at the terminal is generally used. It is a polymeric substance produced by the following formula and is industrially produced. (A) Dehydrogenation reaction type

[Chemical 3] (B) Dealcoholation reaction type

[Chemical 4] (C) Addition reaction type

[Chemical 5] The silicone prepolymer is a halogenated hydrocarbon such as trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, etc., or a simple substance of benzene or toluene or a mixed solvent thereof with a solid content concentration of 5 to 40% and a viscosity of 300.
Adjusted to 0-50000cps, Pt, Zn, Sn, P
By using a catalyst containing a metal such as b together, a resin film containing silicon as a main component is formed on the fiber structure.

The coating amount of the above compound may be 1 g / m ² or more from the viewpoint of the durability of the resin film, but a porous one having moisture permeability can obtain sufficient moisture permeability and the surface of the texture can be improved. 5 to 200 g / m ² is desirable. In addition, in the case of a non-porous material having moisture permeability, it is necessary to obtain sufficient moisture permeability.
-30 g / m ² is desirable.

The present invention is characterized in that the resin compound has a glass transition temperature of 0 ° C to + 40 ° C. The glass transition temperature is 0 ° C to 40 ° C when the human body temperature is 36 ° C.
Since it is before and after, it can be deformed into a free shape in the temperature range showing rubber elasticity when it is higher than the glass transition temperature, the crystal structure becomes sparse, and the moisture permeability increases. When the temperature is lower than the glass transition temperature, rubber elasticity is lost and the state becomes a plastic state, the crystal structure becomes a dense state, and the moisture permeability decreases. That is, it is possible to control the moisture permeability by changing the temperature. Further, above the glass transition temperature, by showing the rubber region, the fabric becomes soft at body temperature and fits the body. Also, those processed with these resins,
Even if scratched, for example, even if a hole is made with a needle, the hole will be closed when placed in hot water, which has a self-regenerating effect. The glass transition temperature of each compound can be freely adjusted by appropriately selecting the type of raw material (monomer, chain extender, etc.) of each compound, the mixing ratio thereof, and the like.

Resins having a glass transition temperature of 0 ° C. to + 40 ° C., fibroin and modified fibroin, silk powder, collagen, chitosan, gelatin, casein,
Cellulose powder, rayon powder, wool
Natural proteins such as powder and keratin, or inorganic particles such as silicon dioxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, and aluminum oxide can be used together. By dispersing ultrafine powdered animal protein fibers such as protein powder, silk powder, etc. with a powder diameter smaller than several hundreds of microns order in the coating layer, it is possible to impart dew condensation prevention and dry touch texture. it can.

The coating method may be dry coating or wet coating, and a coating method such as a floating knife coater, a knife over roll coater, a reverse roll coater, a roll doctor coater, a gravure roll coater, a kiss roll coater or the like can be used. Further, the coating film may be made porous by a known method. In the present invention, it goes without saying that various treatments such as water repellency and softness may be applied in addition to the coating process. However, the water-repellent treatment can be performed either before or after coating, but if it is performed before coating, it is necessary to pay sufficient attention to the adhesive strength.

[0013]

[Examples] In the examples, "parts" means "parts by weight", and water vapor transmission rate and water pressure resistance are JIS-L-1099 and JIS-L-1.
It was measured according to 092 (method A). Example 1 A plain woven fabric using a polyester filament yarn of 60d / 48f for warp and weft (warp density 98 yarns / inch, weft density 9
4 pieces / inch) was subjected to dyeing and water repellent treatment with a fluorine-based water repellent to obtain a cloth. An ether type polyurethane having a glass transition temperature of 25 ° C. dissolved in dimethylformamide was used, coated on one side using a floating knife coater, immediately dried at a temperature of 120 ° C., and then heat treated. (170 ° C.) was performed.

Example 2 The fabric used in Example 1 was coated with the method of Example 1 by using an ester polyurethane having a glass transition temperature of 25 ° C. dissolved in dimethylformamide.

Example 3 The fabric used in Example 1 was coated with the method of Example 1 by using an ester polyurethane having a glass transition temperature of 35 ° C. dissolved in dimethylformamide.

Comparative Example The woven fabric used in Example 1 has a normal glass transition temperature of -1.
An ether type polyurethane having a temperature of 5 ° C. was coated by the method of Example 1. Table 1 shows the physical property results of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example.

[0017]

[Table 1]

[0018]

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a cloth whose moisture permeability can be controlled by changing the temperature, and when the cloth is used as clothes, the shape memory resin absorbs moisture at high humidity. By keeping the humidity in the clothes low and not absorbing much moisture at low humidity, the humidity in the clothes can be kept high, and the cloth can be effectively used as a fabric whose moisture permeability can be controlled by temperature.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification code Office reference number FI technical display location D06M 15/687

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The glass transition temperature of the fiber structure is 0.degree.
It is + 40 ° C. and is coated with a urethane compound, an acrylic compound or a silicon compound, which is a shape memory resin having a rubber region and a glass region with a glass transition temperature as a boundary, and the coating amount is 1 g / m ^{2 to} 200 g / m ² A fabric whose moisture permeability is controlled by the temperature.