JPH051930B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH051930B2 JPH051930B2 JP59145593A JP14559384A JPH051930B2 JP H051930 B2 JPH051930 B2 JP H051930B2 JP 59145593 A JP59145593 A JP 59145593A JP 14559384 A JP14559384 A JP 14559384A JP H051930 B2 JPH051930 B2 JP H051930B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- photographic
- carbon atoms
- mol
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 51
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004008 6 membered carbocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 55
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 55
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 50
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 45
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 39
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 30
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 21
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 15
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 11
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 10
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 9
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- DZVCFNFOPIZQKX-LTHRDKTGSA-M merocyanine Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1N(CCCC)C(=O)N(CCCC)C(=O)C1=C\C=C\C=C/1N(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)C2=CC=CC=C2O\1 DZVCFNFOPIZQKX-LTHRDKTGSA-M 0.000 description 8
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 8
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 7
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 6
- ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M thionine Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N)=CC=C3N=C21 ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001951 carbamoylamino group Chemical group C(N)(=O)N* 0.000 description 5
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 5
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000004397 aminosulfonyl group Chemical group NS(=O)(=O)* 0.000 description 4
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000005740 oxycarbonyl group Chemical group [*:1]OC([*:2])=O 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver bromoiodide Chemical compound [Ag].IBr ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000475 sulfinyl group Chemical group [*:2]S([*:1])=O 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- GGZHVNZHFYCSEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Phenyl-5-mercaptotetrazole Chemical compound SC1=NN=NN1C1=CC=CC=C1 GGZHVNZHFYCSEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CDAWCLOXVUBKRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminophenol Chemical class NC1=CC=CC=C1O CDAWCLOXVUBKRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-azaniumyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VATQPUHLFQHDBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-chloro-1,3-dimethylpyrimidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CN1C(Cl)=CC(=O)N(C)C1=O VATQPUHLFQHDBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021612 Silver iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000005110 aryl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000005521 carbonamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- NDGRWYRVNANFNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazolidin-3-one Chemical compound O=C1CCNN1 NDGRWYRVNANFNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940045105 silver iodide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid group Chemical group S(O)(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- LUMLZKVIXLWTCI-NSCUHMNNSA-N (e)-2,3-dichloro-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(\Cl)=C(/Cl)C=O LUMLZKVIXLWTCI-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YHMYGUUIMTVXNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydrobenzimidazole-2-thione Chemical class C1=CC=C2NC(S)=NC2=C1 YHMYGUUIMTVXNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VVSASNKOFCZVES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dimethyl-1,3-diazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound CN1C(=O)CC(=O)N(C)C1=O VVSASNKOFCZVES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000005208 1,4-dihydroxybenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YLVACWCCJCZITJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioxane-2,3-diol Chemical compound OC1OCCOC1O YLVACWCCJCZITJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JAAIPIWKKXCNOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-tetrazol-1-ium-5-thiolate Chemical class SC1=NN=NN1 JAAIPIWKKXCNOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FCLYAAIKINMINO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1,3-dimethyl-2,6-dioxopyrimidin-4-yl)propanedinitrile Chemical compound CN1C(C(C#N)C#N)=CC(=O)N(C)C1=O FCLYAAIKINMINO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethyl acetate Chemical compound COCCOC(C)=O XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZFIQGRISGKSVAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylaminophenol Chemical compound CNC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ZFIQGRISGKSVAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical compound ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OJGMBLNIHDZDGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Ethylaniline Chemical compound CCNC1=CC=CC=C1 OJGMBLNIHDZDGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SJOOOZPMQAWAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ag].BrCl Chemical compound [Ag].BrCl SJOOOZPMQAWAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005115 alkyl carbamoyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005910 alkyl carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005153 alkyl sulfamoyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004644 alkyl sulfinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005281 alkyl ureido group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005116 aryl carbamoyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005161 aryl oxy carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005135 aryl sulfinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001565 benzotriazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001661 cadmium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000586 desensitisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000005205 dihydroxybenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxal Chemical compound O=CC=O LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ZAKLKBFCSHJIRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N mucochloric acid Natural products OC1OC(=O)C(Cl)=C1Cl ZAKLKBFCSHJIRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000269 nucleophilic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C(Cl)=O CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- CMCWWLVWPDLCRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenidone Chemical compound N1C(=O)CCN1C1=CC=CC=C1 CMCWWLVWPDLCRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004986 phenylenediamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- HBCQSNAFLVXVAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrimidine-2-thiol Chemical class SC1=NC=CC=N1 HBCQSNAFLVXVAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 2
- KIWUVOGUEXMXSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodanine Chemical class O=C1CSC(=S)N1 KIWUVOGUEXMXSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940001482 sodium sulfite Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- JJJPTTANZGDADF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiadiazole-4-thiol Chemical class SC1=CSN=N1 JJJPTTANZGDADF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004764 thiosulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006569 (C5-C6) heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M .beta-Phenylacrylic acid Natural products [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UCVLBKIDCLECCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dioxothian-3-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCS(=O)(=O)C1 UCVLBKIDCLECCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBYRMPXUBGMOJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one Chemical class OC=1C=CNN=1 XBYRMPXUBGMOJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AIGNCQCMONAWOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzoselenazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2[se]C=NC2=C1 AIGNCQCMONAWOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol Chemical class C1=CC=C2SC(S)=NC2=C1 YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OXFSTTJBVAAALW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thione Chemical class SC1=NC=CN1 OXFSTTJBVAAALW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940057054 1,3-dimethylurea Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ODIRBFFBCSTPTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-selenazole Chemical class C1=C[se]C=N1 ODIRBFFBCSTPTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZRHUHDUEXWHZMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dihydropyrazol-5-one Chemical compound O=C1CC=NN1 ZRHUHDUEXWHZMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIQZJFKTROUNPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin Chemical compound CC1(C)N(CO)C(=O)NC1=O SIQZJFKTROUNPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYBFGAFWCBMEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[3,5-di(prop-2-enoyl)-1,3,5-triazinan-1-yl]prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound C=CC(=O)N1CN(C(=O)C=C)CN(C(=O)C=C)C1 FYBFGAFWCBMEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQXIMYREBUZLPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminoethanethiol Chemical class CC(N)S ZQXIMYREBUZLPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGDWUQFZMXWDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-oxido-1,3-thiazole Chemical class [O-]S1=CN=C=C1 YGDWUQFZMXWDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KPVMVJXYXFUVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-ethyltetradecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCC(CC)CCCCCCCCCCCN KPVMVJXYXFUVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HAZJTCQWIDBCCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-triazine-6-thione Chemical class SC1=CC=NN=N1 HAZJTCQWIDBCCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LLCOQBODWBFTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-triazol-1-ium-4-thiolate Chemical class SC1=CNN=N1 LLCOQBODWBFTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTLHLXYADXCVCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-amino-n-ethyl-3-methylanilino)ethanol Chemical compound OCCN(CC)C1=CC=C(N)C(C)=C1 QTLHLXYADXCVCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFXLRLQSHRNHCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-amino-n-ethylanilino)ethanol Chemical compound OCCN(CC)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 WFXLRLQSHRNHCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYDUOTFBBJDDOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(6-chloro-1,3-dimethyl-2-oxopyrimidin-4-ylidene)propanedinitrile Chemical compound CN1C(Cl)=CC(=C(C#N)C#N)N(C)C1=O PYDUOTFBBJDDOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHPYXVIHDRDPDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-1h-benzimidazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2NC(Br)=NC2=C1 PHPYXVIHDRDPDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYPSHJCKSDNETA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-1h-benzimidazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2NC(Cl)=NC2=C1 AYPSHJCKSDNETA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVONRAPFKPVNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOCCOC(C)=O SVONRAPFKPVNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NEAQRZUHTPSBBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-7-nitro-4h-isoquinolin-1-one Chemical compound C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C2C(=O)N(O)C(C)(C)CC2=C1 NEAQRZUHTPSBBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRTDQDCPEZRVGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitro-1h-benzimidazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2NC([N+](=O)[O-])=NC2=C1 KRTDQDCPEZRVGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SEEZWGFVHCMHJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitrosophenol Chemical class OC1=CC=CC=C1N=O SEEZWGFVHCMHJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propanol Substances CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGWULZWUXSCWPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-sulfanylideneimidazolidin-4-one Chemical class O=C1CNC(=S)N1 UGWULZWUXSCWPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVBUGGBMJDPOST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-thiobarbituric acid Chemical class O=C1CC(=O)NC(=S)N1 RVBUGGBMJDPOST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JSIAIROWMJGMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-triazol-4-amine Chemical class NC1=CNN=N1 JSIAIROWMJGMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBHTTYDJRXOHHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-triazolo[4,5-c]pyridazine Chemical class N1=NC=CC2=C1N=NN2 CBHTTYDJRXOHHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GCABLKFGYPIVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(1-benzofuran-2-yl)-3-oxopropanenitrile Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(C(CC#N)=O)=CC2=C1 GCABLKFGYPIVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XRZDIHADHZSFBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-oxo-n,3-diphenylpropanamide Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=O)CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XRZDIHADHZSFBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OCVLSHAVSIYKLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3h-1,3-thiazole-2-thione Chemical class SC1=NC=CS1 OCVLSHAVSIYKLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical class C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NYYSPVRERVXMLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-difluorocyclohexan-1-one Chemical compound FC1(F)CCC(=O)CC1 NYYSPVRERVXMLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLNKRLLYLJYWEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(2,2-dibutoxyethoxy)-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCOC(OCCCC)COC(=O)CCC(O)=O YLNKRLLYLJYWEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNBNBTIDJSKEAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[7-hydroxy-2-[5-[5-[6-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5-dimethyloxan-2-yl]-3-methyloxolan-2-yl]-5-methyloxolan-2-yl]-2,8-dimethyl-1,10-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-9-yl]-2-methyl-3-propanoyloxypentanoic acid Chemical compound C1C(O)C(C)C(C(C)C(OC(=O)CC)C(C)C(O)=O)OC11OC(C)(C2OC(C)(CC2)C2C(CC(O2)C2C(CC(C)C(O)(CO)O2)C)C)CC1 ZNBNBTIDJSKEAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBTWVJKPQPQTDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-n,4-n-diethyl-2-methylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=CC=C(N)C(C)=C1 XBTWVJKPQPQTDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFAJEKUNEVVYCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-n-ethyl-4-n-(2-methoxyethyl)-2-methylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound COCCN(CC)C1=CC=C(N)C(C)=C1 FFAJEKUNEVVYCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTMDJGPRCLQPBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitro-1h-1,2,3-benzotriazole Chemical class [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC2=NNN=C12 UTMDJGPRCLQPBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MVPKIPGHRNIOPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,6-dimethyl-2h-benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=C(C)C(C)=CC2=NNN=C21 MVPKIPGHRNIOPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DALHHYKYBFZAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-chloro-3,4-dihydro-2h-thiopyran Chemical compound ClC1=CSCCC1 DALHHYKYBFZAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001960 7 membered carbocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UJUCBOIXAMPUQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-aminothieno[2,3-b]pyrazine-6-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(N)=C(C(O)=O)SC2=N1 UJUCBOIXAMPUQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QLQSJLSVPZCPPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hept-3-ene Chemical compound C1C=CCC2OC12 QLQSJLSVPZCPPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QZCLKYGREBVARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetyl tributyl citrate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CC(C(=O)OCCCC)(OC(C)=O)CC(=O)OCCCC QZCLKYGREBVARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710134784 Agnoprotein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- KHBQMWCZKVMBLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KHBQMWCZKVMBLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical class C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002284 Cellulose triacetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NFBJBOKZDFVQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ClC1=CC(=NN=N1)Cl.[Na] Chemical compound ClC1=CC(=NN=N1)Cl.[Na] NFBJBOKZDFVQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003109 Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L EDTA disodium salt (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycidol Chemical compound OCC1CO1 CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005684 Liebig rearrangement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006957 Michael reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- MGJKQDOBUOMPEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N'-dimethylurea Chemical compound CNC(=O)NC MGJKQDOBUOMPEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010034960 Photophobia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004442 acylamino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003113 alkalizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005236 alkanoylamino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004448 alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004422 alkyl sulphonamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001414 amino alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiosulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940101006 anhydrous sodium sulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008378 aryl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004391 aryl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004421 aryl sulphonamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003289 ascorbyl group Chemical class [H]O[C@@]([H])(C([H])([H])O*)[C@@]1([H])OC(=O)C(O*)=C1O* 0.000 description 1
- XNSQZBOCSSMHSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K azane;2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetate;iron(3+) Chemical compound [NH4+].[Fe+3].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O XNSQZBOCSSMHSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000000987 azo dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003851 azoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001556 benzimidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KXNQKOAQSGJCQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[e][1,3]benzothiazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(N=CS3)=C3C=CC2=C1 KXNQKOAQSGJCQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMUIZUWOEIQJEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[e][1,3]benzoxazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(N=CO3)=C3C=CC2=C1 WMUIZUWOEIQJEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001558 benzoic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008366 benzophenones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOOAHMCRPCTRLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron sodium Chemical compound [B].[Na] MOOAHMCRPCTRLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001649 bromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- COPHVUDURPSYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl dioctyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCCCCCC COPHVUDURPSYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZUIVNYGZFPOXFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1717603 Chemical compound N1=C(C)C=C(O)N2N=CN=C21 ZUIVNYGZFPOXFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KPMVHELZNRNSMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1985849 Chemical compound N1=CC=C2NCCN21 KPMVHELZNRNSMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001844 chromium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WYYQVWLEPYFFLP-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Cr+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O WYYQVWLEPYFFLP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000013985 cinnamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930016911 cinnamic acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012230 colorless oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001990 dicarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002012 dioxanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ASMQGLCHMVWBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-M diphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(=O)([O-])OC1=CC=CC=C1 ASMQGLCHMVWBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019301 disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WBZKQQHYRPRKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L disulfite Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O WBZKQQHYRPRKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006575 electron-withdrawing group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OAYLNYINCPYISS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetate;hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC.CCOC(C)=O OAYLNYINCPYISS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- YAGKRVSRTSUGEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferricyanide Chemical compound [Fe+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] YAGKRVSRTSUGEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940015043 glyoxal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940093915 gynecological organic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol Chemical class OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002429 hydrazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- AKCUHGBLDXXTOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxy-oxo-phenyl-sulfanylidene-$l^{6}-sulfane Chemical compound SS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 AKCUHGBLDXXTOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000378 hydroxylammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PTFYQSWHBLOXRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazo[4,5-e]indazole Chemical compound C1=CC2=NC=NC2=C2C=NN=C21 PTFYQSWHBLOXRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002473 indoazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine group Chemical group N1=CCC2=CC=CC=C12 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002475 indoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079865 intestinal antiinfectives imidazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004694 iodide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002503 iridium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000013469 light sensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CUONGYYJJVDODC-UHFFFAOYSA-N malononitrile Chemical compound N#CCC#N CUONGYYJJVDODC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LGRLWUINFJPLSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanide Chemical compound [CH3-] LGRLWUINFJPLSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001434 methanylylidene group Chemical group [H]C#[*] 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl p-hydroxycinnamate Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004957 nitroimidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002832 nitroso derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-dicarboxybenzene Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VECVSKFWRQYTAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl benzoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 VECVSKFWRQYTAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002898 organic sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002916 oxazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002918 oxazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005691 oxidative coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QUBQYFYWUJJAAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxymethurea Chemical compound OCNC(=O)NCO QUBQYFYWUJJAAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950005308 oxymethurea Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006179 pH buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L persulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)[O-] JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RWPGFSMJFRPDDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium metabisulfite Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O RWPGFSMJFRPDDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940043349 potassium metabisulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010263 potassium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MCSKRVKAXABJLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazolo[3,4-d]triazole Chemical compound N1=NN=C2N=NC=C21 MCSKRVKAXABJLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNAUDIIOSMNXBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyrazole Chemical compound N1=NC=C2N=NC=C21 VNAUDIIOSMNXBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003233 pyrroles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003236 pyrrolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003248 quinolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004053 quinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003283 rhodium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003385 ring cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940079827 sodium hydrogen sulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium nitrilotriacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- UWSAIOMORQUEHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium;2-[2-[carboxylatomethyl(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetate;iron(5+) Chemical compound [Na+].[Fe+5].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O UWSAIOMORQUEHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HFQQZARZPUDIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-dodecylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O HFQQZARZPUDIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SYWDUFAVIVYDMX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazin-2-olate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C1=NC(Cl)=NC(Cl)=N1 SYWDUFAVIVYDMX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamic acid Chemical class NS(O)(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000004964 sulfoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000565 sulfonamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium group Chemical group [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003536 tetrazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003475 thallium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003557 thiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003549 thiazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003567 thiocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical class [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L thiosulfate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]S([S-])(=O)=O DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000003585 thioureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NJPOTNJJCSJJPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC(C(=O)OCCCC)=CC(C(=O)OCCCC)=C1 NJPOTNJJCSJJPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003639 trimesic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C7/00—Multicolour photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents; Photosensitive materials for multicolour processes
- G03C7/30—Colour processes using colour-coupling substances; Materials therefor; Preparing or processing such materials
- G03C7/305—Substances liberating photographically active agents, e.g. development-inhibiting releasing couplers
- G03C7/30511—Substances liberating photographically active agents, e.g. development-inhibiting releasing couplers characterised by the releasing group
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
- G03C1/34—Fog-inhibitors; Stabilisers; Agents inhibiting latent image regression
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
- Y10S430/156—Precursor compound
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
- Y10S430/156—Precursor compound
- Y10S430/158—Development inhibitor releaser, DIR
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
- Y10S430/156—Precursor compound
- Y10S430/16—Blocked developers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
- Y10S430/156—Precursor compound
- Y10S430/161—Blocked restrainers
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Compounds Containing Sulfur Atoms (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
Description
ïŒç£æ¥äžã®å©çšåéïŒ
æ¬çºæã¯åçæå
ææã«é¢ããããã«è©³ãã
ã¯ãåççã«æçšãªåçè©Šè¬ã®æŽ»æ§åºããããã¯
ããããã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒååç©ãå«ãåçæå ææã«
é¢ããã ïŒåŸæ¥ã®æè¡ïŒ åççã«æçšãªåçè©Šè¬ãåçæå ææäžã«äº
ãæ·»å ãããã®å¹æãçºæ®ãããããšã¯ãåŠç液
äžã«å«æãããŠäœ¿çšããæãšã¯ç°ãªã€ãç¹åŸŽãæ
ãããã®ã§ããããã®ç¹åŸŽãšããŠäŸãã°é žã»ã¢ã«
ã«ãªãããã¯é žåã»éå æ¡ä»¶ã§å解ãæããåŠç
济äžã§ã®é·æä¿åã«èããªãåçè©Šè¬ãæå¹ã«å©
çšã§ãããšãããããšåæã«åŠç液çµæãåçŽå
ãã調æŽãçšæã«ãªããšããåŠçæãå¿ èŠãªã¿ã€
ãã³ã°ã§å¿ èŠãªåçè©Šè¬ãåãããããšãå¯èœãš
ãªããšãããããã¯ãŸãå¿ èŠãªå Žæããªãã¡å€å±€
ææã®ããç¹å®ã®å±€ããã³ãã®è¿åã®å±€ã®ã¿ã«å¿
èŠãªåçè©Šè¬ãåãããããããã²ã³åéçŸåã®
é¢æ°ãšããŠåçè©Šè¬ã®ååšéãå€åãããããšã
ã§ããçãæããããšãã§ãããããããªããã
åçè©Šè¬ã¯æŽ»æ§ãªåœ¢ã§åçæå ææäžã«æ·»å ãã
ãªãã°ãåŠç以åã®ä¿åæã«ãåçæå ææäžã®
ä»ã®æåãšåå¿ããããç±ãããã¯é žçŽ çã®åœ±é¿
ã«ããå解ãããããããšã«ãããåŠçæã«æåŸ
ããæ§èœãçºæ®ãããããšãã§ããªãããã®æ§ãª
åé¡ã解決ããïŒæ¹æ³ãšããŠãåçè©Šè¬ã®æŽ»æ§åº
ããããã¯ããå®è³ªçã«äžæŽ»æ§ãªåœ¢ãããªãã¡å
çè©Šè¬ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒãšããŠåçæå ææäžã«æ·»å
ããæ¹æ³ããããæçšãªåçè©Šè¬ãè²çŽ ã§ããå Ž
åã¯ãè²çŽ ã®åå åžåã«å€§ãã圱é¿ããå®èœåºã
ãããã¯ãããã®åå åžåãçæ³¢é·åŽãããã¯é·
æ³¢é·åŽã«ã·ãããããããšã«ããã察å¿ããæå
ã¹ãã¯ãã«é åããã€ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€å±€ãšåäž
å±€ã«å ±åããŠããŠããæè¬ãã€ã«ã¿ãŒå¹æã«ãã
æ床äœäžãèµ·ããªããšããå©ç¹ããããæçšãªå
çè©Šè¬ãã«ããªé²æ¢å€ãçŸåæå¶å€ã§ããã°æŽ»æ§
åºããããã¯ããããšã«ããä¿åäžã®æå æ§ãã
ã²ã³åéãžã®åžçãé塩圢æã«ããæžæäœçšãæ
ããããšãã§ãããšåæã«ãå¿ èŠãªã¿ã€ãã³ã°ã§
ãããã®åçè©Šè¬ãæŸåºããããšã«ãããæ床ã
æãããšãªãã«ããªãäœæžããããéçŸåã«ããª
ãæå¶ãããããããã¯å¿ èŠãªæéã«çŸåãåæ¢
ã§ããçã®å©ç¹ããããæçšãªåçè©Šè¬ãçŸå
è¬ãè£å©çŸåè¬ããããã¯ã«ãã©ã»å€ã®å Žåã掻
æ§åºãããã¯åžçåºããããã¯ããããšã«ããã
ä¿åäžã®ç©ºæ°é žåã«ããã»ãããã³ãé žåäœã®ç
æã«ããæ§ã ãªåççæªäœçšã®é²æ¢ãããã¯ãã
ã²ã³åéãžã®é»åæ³šå ¥ã®é²æ¢ã«ããä¿åæã®ã«ã
ãªæ žçºçãé²æ¢ãããã®çµæãå®å®ãªåŠçãå®çŸ
ã§ããçã®å©ç¹ããããåçè©Šè¬ããæŒçœä¿é²å€
ãããã¯æŒçœã»å®çä¿é²å€ã®å Žåãããããã®æŽ»
æ§åºããããã¯ããããšã«ãããä¿åæãããã«
å«ãŸããä»ã®æåãšã®åå¿ãæããåŠçæã«ãã
ãã¯åºãã¯ããããšã«ãããææã®æ§èœãå¿ èŠãª
ææã«çºæ®ãããããšãã§ãããšããå©ç¹ãæã
ãŠãããæ¬çºæã§ã¯äžèšã®æŽ»æ§åºãå®èœåºãåžç
åºãã掻æ§åºããšç·ç§°ããã 以äžè¿°ã¹ãããã«ãåçè©Šè¬ã®ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒã®
å©çšãšããããšã¯ãåçè©Šè¬ã®æ§èœãååçºæ®ã
ããäžã§ããããŠæå¹ãªæ段ãšãªãåŸããããã
ããªããäžæ¹ããããã®ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒã¯éåžžã«å³
ããèŠä»¶ãæºè¶³ãããã®ã§ãªããã°ãªããªããã
ãªãã¡ãä¿åæ¡ä»¶ã§å®å®ã«ååšããåŠçæã«ã¯ã
å¿ èŠãšãããã¿ã€ãã³ã°ã§ãããã¯åºã解ããå
çè©Šè¬ããã¿ããã«ããããå¹çããæŸåºãããš
ããçžççŸããèŠä»¶ãäž¡ç«ããããã®ã§ãªããã°
ãªããªãã åçè©Šè¬ã®ãããã¯æè¡ãšããŠãããã€ãã®ã
ã®ãæ¢ã«ç¥ãããŠãããäŸãã°ãç¹å ¬æ47â
44805å·æ现æžïŒç±³åœç¹èš±3615617å·ïŒã«èšèŒãã
ãŠããã¢ã·ã«åºãã¹ã«ããã«åºçã®ãããã¯åºã
å©çšãããã®ãç¹å ¬æ54â39727å·ïŒç±³åœç¹èš±
3674478å·ïŒãå55â9696å·ïŒç±³åœç¹èš±3791830
å·ïŒãå55â34927å·æ现æžïŒç±³åœç¹èš±4009029å·ïŒ
ã«èšèŒã®ããããéãã€ã±ã«åå¿ã«ããåçè©Šè¬
ãæŸåºãããããã¯åºãå©çšãããã®ãç¹å ¬æ54
â39727å·ãç¹éæ57â135944å·ãå57â135945
å·ãå57â136640å·æ现æžã«èšèŒã®ååå é»å移
åã«ããããã³ã¡ããåã¯ããã³ã¡ããé¡äŒŒåå
ç©ã®çæã«äŒŽã€ãŠåçè©Šè¬ãæŸåºãããããã¯åº
ãå©çšãããã®ãç¹éæ55â53330å·æ现æžã«èš
èŒã®ååå éç°åå¿ãå©çšãããã®ããããã¯ã
ç¹éæ57â76541å·ïŒç±³åœç¹èš±4335200å·ïŒãå57
â135949å·ãå57â179842å·æ现æžã«èšèŒã®ïŒå¡
åã¯ïŒå¡ã®ç°éè£ãå©çšãããã®çãå ¬ç¥ã®æè¡
ãšããŠç¥ãããŠããã ïŒçºæã解決ããããšããåé¡ç¹ïŒ ãããããããå ¬ç¥ã®ãããã¯åºã§ãããã¯ã
ããåçè©Šè¬é¡ã«ã¯ãä¿åæ¡ä»¶ã§å®å®ãªãã®ã¯åŠ
çæãåçè©Šè¬ã®æŸåºé床ãå°ããããPH12以äž
ã®é«ã¢ã«ã«ãªåŠçãå¿ èŠãšãããšãããããã¯ãŸ
ãPHïŒã11ã®åŠç液ã§æŸåºé床ãååã§ãã€ãŠã
ä¿åæ¡ä»¶äžã§åŸã ã«å解ãããã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒãšããŠ
ã®æ©èœãæããšããåçè©Šè¬ã®æŸåºé床ãå·Ÿåºã
ã³ã³ãããŒã«ã§ããªãããã䜿çšã§ããPHé åã
éå®ãããçã®æ¬ ç¹ãããã åŸã€ãŠæ¬çºæã®ç®çã¯ãä¿åæã«ã¯å®å šã«å®å®
ã§ãããåŠçæå¿ èŠãªã¿ã€ãã³ã°ã§åçè©Šè¬ãæŸ
åºããåçè©Šè¬ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒãæäŸããããšã«ã
ããæŽã«ã¯åºãPHé åã§å®è³ªçã«ãã®æ©èœãçºæ®
ãããåçè©Šè¬ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒãæäŸããããšã«ã
ãã ïŒåé¡ç¹ã解決ããããã®ææ®µïŒ æ¬çºæã®ç®çã¯ãåçè©Šè¬ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒãçµã¿
åããããŠããæå æ§ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€å±€ãå«ã
åçæå ææã«æŒããŠã該åçè©Šè¬ããããåå
ãä»ããŠãäžèšäžè¬åŒïŒïŒãããã¯ïŒïŒã®åŠ
ããããã¯ãããŠããåçæå ææã«ãã€ãŠéæ
ãããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒ äžè¬åŒïŒïŒ ïŒåŒäžãã¯ãããååãä»ããŠïŒºãå«ãç°ã«
çµåããçŸåæå¶å€ãŸãã¯ãã®åé§äœãè¡šããã
Y1ãY2ããã³Y3ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååãŸãã¯çœ®æåºãè¡šã
ããã¯ïŒå¡ãªããïŒå¡ã®ççŽ ç°ãŸãã¯è€çŽ ç°ãŸ
ãã¯ãããã®çž®åç°ã圢æããã®ã«å¿ èŠãªåå矀
ãè¡šãããïœã¯ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒãè¡šãããY1ã¯Y3ãš
çµåããŠç°ã圢æããŠããããïŒ äžèšäžè¬åŒïŒïŒãŸãã¯ïŒïŒã§è¡šããããã
ããã¯ãããåçè©Šè¬ã®ãã¡å¥œãŸãããã®ã¯äžè¬
åŒïŒâ²ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒâ²ïŒã§è¡šããããšãã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒâ²ïŒ äžè¬åŒïŒâ²ïŒ ïŒåŒäžãã¯ãããååãä»ããŠïŒžã«çµåããŠ
ããçŸåæå¶å€ãããã¯ãã®åé§äœãè¡šããã
ã¯ãããååãä»ããŠïŒºãå«ãç°ã«çµåããŠãã
ïŒäŸ¡ã®é£çµåºãè¡šãããïœã¯ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒãè¡šã
ãã Y1ãY2åã³Y3ã¯ããããæ°ŽçŽ ååãããã²ã³
ååãã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ã«ã±ãã«åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºã
ã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºãã¢ãªãŒã«ãªãã·åºãã¢ã«ãã«ããª
åºãã¢ãªãŒã«ããªåºãã¢ã·ã«ãªãã·åºãçé žãšã¹
ãã«åºãã¢ããåºãã«ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºããŠã¬ã€ã
åºãã«ã«ããã·åºããªãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºãã«ã«ã
ã¢ã€ã«åºãã¢ã·ã«åºãã¹ã«ãåºãã¹ã«ããã«åºã
ã¹ã«ãã€ãã«åºãã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºãã·ã¢ãåºã
ãããåºãªã©ãè¡šãããã¯ççŽ ç°ããŸãã¯è€çŽ
ç°ã圢æããã®ã«å¿ èŠãªåå矀ãè¡šãããïŒ ïŒ¢ã¯ãããååãæãããããååãä»ããŠçµ
åããŠããå ¬ç¥ã®åçè©Šè¬ã§ãããå ·äœçã«ã¯ã¡
ã«ã«ããããã©ãŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ããããªã¢ãŸãŒ
ã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ããããªããžã³é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãããã³
ãºã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ããã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ã
ã¡ã«ã«ãããã¢ãžã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ããã³ãºããªã¢ãŸãŒ
ã«é¡ãã€ã³ããŸãŒã«é¡çã«ä»£è¡šãããã«ããªé²æ¢
å€ãçŸåæå¶å€ãæããããããŸããããã²ã³å
éã®çŸååå¿ã«ãšããªã€ãŠäžèšåçè©Šè¬ãæŸåºã
ããã¬ããã¯ã¹æ©èœãæŽã«æããŠããåçè©Šè¬ã
äŸãã°ã«ã©ãŒæ¡æ£è»¢åææçšè²æãããã¯DIRã
ã€ããããã³é¡ããæçšãªåçè©Šè¬ãšããŠæãã
ããšãã§ããã 以äžè¿°ã¹ãæçšãªåçè©Šè¬ã¯ãããååãä»ã
ãŠçŽæ¥çµåããŠããŠãïŒïœïŒïŒïŒããããã¯ïŒžã
ä»ããŠçµåããŠããŠãããïŒïœïŒïŒïŒã ã¯ïŒäŸ¡ã®é£çµåºãè¡šããããããååãä»ã
ãŠïŒ¢ããã³ïŒºãå«ãç°ã«çµåããŠãããåŠçæã«
âãšããŠéè£ããåŸãéããã«ïŒ¢ãæŸåºãã
åºãè¡šããã ãã®æ§ãªé£çµåºãšããŠã¯ãç¹éæ54â145135å·
æ现æžïŒè±åœç¹èš±å ¬é2010818Aå·ïŒã«èšèŒã®å
åå éç°åå¿ã«ãããæŸåºãããã®ãè±åœç¹èš±
第2072363å·ãç¹éæ57â154234å·æ现æžçã«èš
èŒã®ååå é»å移åã«ãã€ãŠïŒ¢ãæŸåºãããã®ã
ç¹éæ57â179842å·çã«èšèŒã®çé žã¬ã¹ã®è±é¢ã
䌎ã€ãŠïŒ¢ãæŸåºãããã®ããããã¯ç¹éæ57â
203446å·ã«èšèŒã®ãã«ããªã³ã®è±é¢ã䌎ã€ãŠïŒ¢ã
æŸåºãããã®çã®é£çµåºãæããããšãã§ããã
以äžè¿°ã¹ã代衚çã«ã€ããŠããããã®æ§é åŒã
次ã«ç€ºããã
ã¯ãåççã«æçšãªåçè©Šè¬ã®æŽ»æ§åºããããã¯
ããããã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒååç©ãå«ãåçæå ææã«
é¢ããã ïŒåŸæ¥ã®æè¡ïŒ åççã«æçšãªåçè©Šè¬ãåçæå ææäžã«äº
ãæ·»å ãããã®å¹æãçºæ®ãããããšã¯ãåŠç液
äžã«å«æãããŠäœ¿çšããæãšã¯ç°ãªã€ãç¹åŸŽãæ
ãããã®ã§ããããã®ç¹åŸŽãšããŠäŸãã°é žã»ã¢ã«
ã«ãªãããã¯é žåã»éå æ¡ä»¶ã§å解ãæããåŠç
济äžã§ã®é·æä¿åã«èããªãåçè©Šè¬ãæå¹ã«å©
çšã§ãããšãããããšåæã«åŠç液çµæãåçŽå
ãã調æŽãçšæã«ãªããšããåŠçæãå¿ èŠãªã¿ã€
ãã³ã°ã§å¿ èŠãªåçè©Šè¬ãåãããããšãå¯èœãš
ãªããšãããããã¯ãŸãå¿ èŠãªå Žæããªãã¡å€å±€
ææã®ããç¹å®ã®å±€ããã³ãã®è¿åã®å±€ã®ã¿ã«å¿
èŠãªåçè©Šè¬ãåãããããããã²ã³åéçŸåã®
é¢æ°ãšããŠåçè©Šè¬ã®ååšéãå€åãããããšã
ã§ããçãæããããšãã§ãããããããªããã
åçè©Šè¬ã¯æŽ»æ§ãªåœ¢ã§åçæå ææäžã«æ·»å ãã
ãªãã°ãåŠç以åã®ä¿åæã«ãåçæå ææäžã®
ä»ã®æåãšåå¿ããããç±ãããã¯é žçŽ çã®åœ±é¿
ã«ããå解ãããããããšã«ãããåŠçæã«æåŸ
ããæ§èœãçºæ®ãããããšãã§ããªãããã®æ§ãª
åé¡ã解決ããïŒæ¹æ³ãšããŠãåçè©Šè¬ã®æŽ»æ§åº
ããããã¯ããå®è³ªçã«äžæŽ»æ§ãªåœ¢ãããªãã¡å
çè©Šè¬ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒãšããŠåçæå ææäžã«æ·»å
ããæ¹æ³ããããæçšãªåçè©Šè¬ãè²çŽ ã§ããå Ž
åã¯ãè²çŽ ã®åå åžåã«å€§ãã圱é¿ããå®èœåºã
ãããã¯ãããã®åå åžåãçæ³¢é·åŽãããã¯é·
æ³¢é·åŽã«ã·ãããããããšã«ããã察å¿ããæå
ã¹ãã¯ãã«é åããã€ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€å±€ãšåäž
å±€ã«å ±åããŠããŠããæè¬ãã€ã«ã¿ãŒå¹æã«ãã
æ床äœäžãèµ·ããªããšããå©ç¹ããããæçšãªå
çè©Šè¬ãã«ããªé²æ¢å€ãçŸåæå¶å€ã§ããã°æŽ»æ§
åºããããã¯ããããšã«ããä¿åäžã®æå æ§ãã
ã²ã³åéãžã®åžçãé塩圢æã«ããæžæäœçšãæ
ããããšãã§ãããšåæã«ãå¿ èŠãªã¿ã€ãã³ã°ã§
ãããã®åçè©Šè¬ãæŸåºããããšã«ãããæ床ã
æãããšãªãã«ããªãäœæžããããéçŸåã«ããª
ãæå¶ãããããããã¯å¿ èŠãªæéã«çŸåãåæ¢
ã§ããçã®å©ç¹ããããæçšãªåçè©Šè¬ãçŸå
è¬ãè£å©çŸåè¬ããããã¯ã«ãã©ã»å€ã®å Žåã掻
æ§åºãããã¯åžçåºããããã¯ããããšã«ããã
ä¿åäžã®ç©ºæ°é žåã«ããã»ãããã³ãé žåäœã®ç
æã«ããæ§ã ãªåççæªäœçšã®é²æ¢ãããã¯ãã
ã²ã³åéãžã®é»åæ³šå ¥ã®é²æ¢ã«ããä¿åæã®ã«ã
ãªæ žçºçãé²æ¢ãããã®çµæãå®å®ãªåŠçãå®çŸ
ã§ããçã®å©ç¹ããããåçè©Šè¬ããæŒçœä¿é²å€
ãããã¯æŒçœã»å®çä¿é²å€ã®å Žåãããããã®æŽ»
æ§åºããããã¯ããããšã«ãããä¿åæãããã«
å«ãŸããä»ã®æåãšã®åå¿ãæããåŠçæã«ãã
ãã¯åºãã¯ããããšã«ãããææã®æ§èœãå¿ èŠãª
ææã«çºæ®ãããããšãã§ãããšããå©ç¹ãæã
ãŠãããæ¬çºæã§ã¯äžèšã®æŽ»æ§åºãå®èœåºãåžç
åºãã掻æ§åºããšç·ç§°ããã 以äžè¿°ã¹ãããã«ãåçè©Šè¬ã®ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒã®
å©çšãšããããšã¯ãåçè©Šè¬ã®æ§èœãååçºæ®ã
ããäžã§ããããŠæå¹ãªæ段ãšãªãåŸããããã
ããªããäžæ¹ããããã®ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒã¯éåžžã«å³
ããèŠä»¶ãæºè¶³ãããã®ã§ãªããã°ãªããªããã
ãªãã¡ãä¿åæ¡ä»¶ã§å®å®ã«ååšããåŠçæã«ã¯ã
å¿ èŠãšãããã¿ã€ãã³ã°ã§ãããã¯åºã解ããå
çè©Šè¬ããã¿ããã«ããããå¹çããæŸåºãããš
ããçžççŸããèŠä»¶ãäž¡ç«ããããã®ã§ãªããã°
ãªããªãã åçè©Šè¬ã®ãããã¯æè¡ãšããŠãããã€ãã®ã
ã®ãæ¢ã«ç¥ãããŠãããäŸãã°ãç¹å ¬æ47â
44805å·æ现æžïŒç±³åœç¹èš±3615617å·ïŒã«èšèŒãã
ãŠããã¢ã·ã«åºãã¹ã«ããã«åºçã®ãããã¯åºã
å©çšãããã®ãç¹å ¬æ54â39727å·ïŒç±³åœç¹èš±
3674478å·ïŒãå55â9696å·ïŒç±³åœç¹èš±3791830
å·ïŒãå55â34927å·æ现æžïŒç±³åœç¹èš±4009029å·ïŒ
ã«èšèŒã®ããããéãã€ã±ã«åå¿ã«ããåçè©Šè¬
ãæŸåºãããããã¯åºãå©çšãããã®ãç¹å ¬æ54
â39727å·ãç¹éæ57â135944å·ãå57â135945
å·ãå57â136640å·æ现æžã«èšèŒã®ååå é»å移
åã«ããããã³ã¡ããåã¯ããã³ã¡ããé¡äŒŒåå
ç©ã®çæã«äŒŽã€ãŠåçè©Šè¬ãæŸåºãããããã¯åº
ãå©çšãããã®ãç¹éæ55â53330å·æ现æžã«èš
èŒã®ååå éç°åå¿ãå©çšãããã®ããããã¯ã
ç¹éæ57â76541å·ïŒç±³åœç¹èš±4335200å·ïŒãå57
â135949å·ãå57â179842å·æ现æžã«èšèŒã®ïŒå¡
åã¯ïŒå¡ã®ç°éè£ãå©çšãããã®çãå ¬ç¥ã®æè¡
ãšããŠç¥ãããŠããã ïŒçºæã解決ããããšããåé¡ç¹ïŒ ãããããããå ¬ç¥ã®ãããã¯åºã§ãããã¯ã
ããåçè©Šè¬é¡ã«ã¯ãä¿åæ¡ä»¶ã§å®å®ãªãã®ã¯åŠ
çæãåçè©Šè¬ã®æŸåºé床ãå°ããããPH12以äž
ã®é«ã¢ã«ã«ãªåŠçãå¿ èŠãšãããšãããããã¯ãŸ
ãPHïŒã11ã®åŠç液ã§æŸåºé床ãååã§ãã€ãŠã
ä¿åæ¡ä»¶äžã§åŸã ã«å解ãããã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒãšããŠ
ã®æ©èœãæããšããåçè©Šè¬ã®æŸåºé床ãå·Ÿåºã
ã³ã³ãããŒã«ã§ããªãããã䜿çšã§ããPHé åã
éå®ãããçã®æ¬ ç¹ãããã åŸã€ãŠæ¬çºæã®ç®çã¯ãä¿åæã«ã¯å®å šã«å®å®
ã§ãããåŠçæå¿ èŠãªã¿ã€ãã³ã°ã§åçè©Šè¬ãæŸ
åºããåçè©Šè¬ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒãæäŸããããšã«ã
ããæŽã«ã¯åºãPHé åã§å®è³ªçã«ãã®æ©èœãçºæ®
ãããåçè©Šè¬ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒãæäŸããããšã«ã
ãã ïŒåé¡ç¹ã解決ããããã®ææ®µïŒ æ¬çºæã®ç®çã¯ãåçè©Šè¬ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒãçµã¿
åããããŠããæå æ§ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€å±€ãå«ã
åçæå ææã«æŒããŠã該åçè©Šè¬ããããåå
ãä»ããŠãäžèšäžè¬åŒïŒïŒãããã¯ïŒïŒã®åŠ
ããããã¯ãããŠããåçæå ææã«ãã€ãŠéæ
ãããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒ äžè¬åŒïŒïŒ ïŒåŒäžãã¯ãããååãä»ããŠïŒºãå«ãç°ã«
çµåããçŸåæå¶å€ãŸãã¯ãã®åé§äœãè¡šããã
Y1ãY2ããã³Y3ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååãŸãã¯çœ®æåºãè¡šã
ããã¯ïŒå¡ãªããïŒå¡ã®ççŽ ç°ãŸãã¯è€çŽ ç°ãŸ
ãã¯ãããã®çž®åç°ã圢æããã®ã«å¿ èŠãªåå矀
ãè¡šãããïœã¯ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒãè¡šãããY1ã¯Y3ãš
çµåããŠç°ã圢æããŠããããïŒ äžèšäžè¬åŒïŒïŒãŸãã¯ïŒïŒã§è¡šããããã
ããã¯ãããåçè©Šè¬ã®ãã¡å¥œãŸãããã®ã¯äžè¬
åŒïŒâ²ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒâ²ïŒã§è¡šããããšãã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒâ²ïŒ äžè¬åŒïŒâ²ïŒ ïŒåŒäžãã¯ãããååãä»ããŠïŒžã«çµåããŠ
ããçŸåæå¶å€ãããã¯ãã®åé§äœãè¡šããã
ã¯ãããååãä»ããŠïŒºãå«ãç°ã«çµåããŠãã
ïŒäŸ¡ã®é£çµåºãè¡šãããïœã¯ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒãè¡šã
ãã Y1ãY2åã³Y3ã¯ããããæ°ŽçŽ ååãããã²ã³
ååãã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ã«ã±ãã«åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºã
ã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºãã¢ãªãŒã«ãªãã·åºãã¢ã«ãã«ããª
åºãã¢ãªãŒã«ããªåºãã¢ã·ã«ãªãã·åºãçé žãšã¹
ãã«åºãã¢ããåºãã«ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºããŠã¬ã€ã
åºãã«ã«ããã·åºããªãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºãã«ã«ã
ã¢ã€ã«åºãã¢ã·ã«åºãã¹ã«ãåºãã¹ã«ããã«åºã
ã¹ã«ãã€ãã«åºãã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºãã·ã¢ãåºã
ãããåºãªã©ãè¡šãããã¯ççŽ ç°ããŸãã¯è€çŽ
ç°ã圢æããã®ã«å¿ èŠãªåå矀ãè¡šãããïŒ ïŒ¢ã¯ãããååãæãããããååãä»ããŠçµ
åããŠããå ¬ç¥ã®åçè©Šè¬ã§ãããå ·äœçã«ã¯ã¡
ã«ã«ããããã©ãŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ããããªã¢ãŸãŒ
ã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ããããªããžã³é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãããã³
ãºã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ããã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ã
ã¡ã«ã«ãããã¢ãžã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ããã³ãºããªã¢ãŸãŒ
ã«é¡ãã€ã³ããŸãŒã«é¡çã«ä»£è¡šãããã«ããªé²æ¢
å€ãçŸåæå¶å€ãæããããããŸããããã²ã³å
éã®çŸååå¿ã«ãšããªã€ãŠäžèšåçè©Šè¬ãæŸåºã
ããã¬ããã¯ã¹æ©èœãæŽã«æããŠããåçè©Šè¬ã
äŸãã°ã«ã©ãŒæ¡æ£è»¢åææçšè²æãããã¯DIRã
ã€ããããã³é¡ããæçšãªåçè©Šè¬ãšããŠæãã
ããšãã§ããã 以äžè¿°ã¹ãæçšãªåçè©Šè¬ã¯ãããååãä»ã
ãŠçŽæ¥çµåããŠããŠãïŒïœïŒïŒïŒããããã¯ïŒžã
ä»ããŠçµåããŠããŠãããïŒïœïŒïŒïŒã ã¯ïŒäŸ¡ã®é£çµåºãè¡šããããããååãä»ã
ãŠïŒ¢ããã³ïŒºãå«ãç°ã«çµåããŠãããåŠçæã«
âãšããŠéè£ããåŸãéããã«ïŒ¢ãæŸåºãã
åºãè¡šããã ãã®æ§ãªé£çµåºãšããŠã¯ãç¹éæ54â145135å·
æ现æžïŒè±åœç¹èš±å ¬é2010818Aå·ïŒã«èšèŒã®å
åå éç°åå¿ã«ãããæŸåºãããã®ãè±åœç¹èš±
第2072363å·ãç¹éæ57â154234å·æ现æžçã«èš
èŒã®ååå é»å移åã«ãã€ãŠïŒ¢ãæŸåºãããã®ã
ç¹éæ57â179842å·çã«èšèŒã®çé žã¬ã¹ã®è±é¢ã
䌎ã€ãŠïŒ¢ãæŸåºãããã®ããããã¯ç¹éæ57â
203446å·ã«èšèŒã®ãã«ããªã³ã®è±é¢ã䌎ã€ãŠïŒ¢ã
æŸåºãããã®çã®é£çµåºãæããããšãã§ããã
以äžè¿°ã¹ã代衚çã«ã€ããŠããããã®æ§é åŒã
次ã«ç€ºããã
ãåŒã
ãåŒãïŒâOCH2âïŒïŒ¢ïŒïŒ
ãåŒã
Y1ïŒY2åã³Y3ã¯ããããæ°ŽçŽ ååãããã²ã³
ååïŒããçŽ ãå¡©çŽ ãèçŽ ïŒãã¢ã«ãã«åºïŒå¥œãŸ
ããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«åºïŒå¥œãŸ
ããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºïŒå¥œ
ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«ãªãã·
åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ã«ãã«
ããªåºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ãª
ãŒã«ããªåºïŒå¥œãŸããççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢
ã·ã«ãªãã·åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒã
ã¢ããåºïŒç¡çœ®æã¢ããã奜ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã
20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºããŸãã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«
åºã§çœ®æããïŒçŽãŸãã¯ïŒçŽã®ã¢ããåºïŒãã«ã«
ãã³ã¢ããåºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ã
ã«ã«ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ã«
ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºïŒããŠã¬ã€ãåºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ
æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ãŠã¬ã€ãåºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®
ã¢ãªãŒã«ãŠã¬ã€ãåºïŒãã«ã«ããã·åºãçé žãšã¹
ãã«åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«çé ž
ãšã¹ãã«åºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã¢ãªãŒã«çé žãšã¹ãã«
åºïŒããªãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒ
ã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ãªãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºãççŽ æ°ïŒã
20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ãªãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºïŒãã«ã«ãã¢ã€
ã«åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ã«ã«ã
ã¢ã€ã«åºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«
åºïŒãã¢ã·ã«åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«
ãã«ã«ã«ããã«åºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ã«ã«
ããã«åºïŒãã¹ã«ãåºãã¹ã«ããã«åºïŒå¥œãŸãã
ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºãççŽ æ°
ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºïŒãã¹ã«ãã€ãã«
åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ã¹ã«ãã€
ãã«åºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹ã«ãã€ãã«
åºïŒãã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã
20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®
ã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºïŒãã·ã¢ãåºãããã
åºãè¡šããã以äžè¿°ã¹ãã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ã«ã±ãã«
åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºã¯åè¿°ã®çš®ã ã®çœ®æåºãæŽã«çœ®æ
ããŠãããã®ãå å«ããã Y2ïŒY3ã§ç€ºããã眮æåºã®ãã¡ç¹ã«å¥œãŸãã
ãã®ãšããŠã¯ãªãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºãã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«
åºãã¢ã·ã«åºãã¹ã«ããã«åºãã¹ã«ãã€ãã«åºã
ã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºãã·ã¢ãåºããããåºãæãã
ããšãåºæ¥ãã ã«ãã圢æãããç°ã¯ãããšãã°ïŒå¡ç°ãïŒ
å¡ç°ããããã¯ïŒå¡ç°ã®ççŽ ç°ããããã¯ïŒå以
äžã®çªçŽ ãé žçŽ ãããã¯ç¡«é»ååçãå«ãïŒå¡
ç°ãïŒå¡ç°ãããã¯ïŒå¡ç°ã®è€çŽ ç°ã§ããããã
ãã®ççŽ ç°ãããã¯è€çŽ ç°ã¯é©åœãªäœçœ®ã§çž®åç°
ã圢æããŠãããã®ãå å«ããã ã«ãã圢æãããç°ã¯ã奜ãŸããã¯æ¬¡ã®ãã®
ãæããããšãã§ãããããããã«éå®ãããã
ã®ã§ã¯ãªãã
ååïŒããçŽ ãå¡©çŽ ãèçŽ ïŒãã¢ã«ãã«åºïŒå¥œãŸ
ããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«åºïŒå¥œãŸ
ããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºïŒå¥œ
ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«ãªãã·
åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ã«ãã«
ããªåºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ãª
ãŒã«ããªåºïŒå¥œãŸããççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢
ã·ã«ãªãã·åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒã
ã¢ããåºïŒç¡çœ®æã¢ããã奜ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã
20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºããŸãã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«
åºã§çœ®æããïŒçŽãŸãã¯ïŒçŽã®ã¢ããåºïŒãã«ã«
ãã³ã¢ããåºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ã
ã«ã«ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ã«
ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºïŒããŠã¬ã€ãåºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ
æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ãŠã¬ã€ãåºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®
ã¢ãªãŒã«ãŠã¬ã€ãåºïŒãã«ã«ããã·åºãçé žãšã¹
ãã«åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«çé ž
ãšã¹ãã«åºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã¢ãªãŒã«çé žãšã¹ãã«
åºïŒããªãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒ
ã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ãªãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºãççŽ æ°ïŒã
20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ãªãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºïŒãã«ã«ãã¢ã€
ã«åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ã«ã«ã
ã¢ã€ã«åºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«
åºïŒãã¢ã·ã«åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«
ãã«ã«ã«ããã«åºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ã«ã«
ããã«åºïŒãã¹ã«ãåºãã¹ã«ããã«åºïŒå¥œãŸãã
ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºãççŽ æ°
ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºïŒãã¹ã«ãã€ãã«
åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ã¹ã«ãã€
ãã«åºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹ã«ãã€ãã«
åºïŒãã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã
20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®
ã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºïŒãã·ã¢ãåºãããã
åºãè¡šããã以äžè¿°ã¹ãã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ã«ã±ãã«
åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºã¯åè¿°ã®çš®ã ã®çœ®æåºãæŽã«çœ®æ
ããŠãããã®ãå å«ããã Y2ïŒY3ã§ç€ºããã眮æåºã®ãã¡ç¹ã«å¥œãŸãã
ãã®ãšããŠã¯ãªãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºãã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«
åºãã¢ã·ã«åºãã¹ã«ããã«åºãã¹ã«ãã€ãã«åºã
ã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºãã·ã¢ãåºããããåºãæãã
ããšãåºæ¥ãã ã«ãã圢æãããç°ã¯ãããšãã°ïŒå¡ç°ãïŒ
å¡ç°ããããã¯ïŒå¡ç°ã®ççŽ ç°ããããã¯ïŒå以
äžã®çªçŽ ãé žçŽ ãããã¯ç¡«é»ååçãå«ãïŒå¡
ç°ãïŒå¡ç°ãããã¯ïŒå¡ç°ã®è€çŽ ç°ã§ããããã
ãã®ççŽ ç°ãããã¯è€çŽ ç°ã¯é©åœãªäœçœ®ã§çž®åç°
ã圢æããŠãããã®ãå å«ããã ã«ãã圢æãããç°ã¯ã奜ãŸããã¯æ¬¡ã®ãã®
ãæããããšãã§ãããããããã«éå®ãããã
ã®ã§ã¯ãªãã
ãåŒã
ãåŒã
ãåŒã
ãåŒã
ãåŒã
ããã§ããããã®ççŽ ç°ãããã¯è€çŽ ç°ã¯Y1
ããã³ïŒ¡ä»¥å€ã®ä»¥äžã®çœ®æåºãïŒå以äžæããŠã
ããã眮æåºãïŒå以äžãããšãã¯åãã§ãç°ã€
ãŠãããã å ·äœç眮æåºãšããŠã¯ãããã²ã³ååïŒãã
çŽ ãå¡©çŽ ãèçŽ ïŒãã¢ã«ãã«åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ
æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ
æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ç
çŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«ãªãã·åºïŒå¥œãŸã
ãã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ã«ãã«ããªåºïŒå¥œ
ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«ããªåº
ïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ã·ã«åºïŒå¥œ
ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ã·ã«ã¢ããåº
ïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãã€ã«ã¢ãã
åºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã¬ãŒã³ã«ã«ããã«åºïŒãã
ããåºãã·ã¢ãåºããªãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºïŒå¥œãŸã
ãã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ã³ãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºãç
çŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ãªãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºïŒãã
ãããã·åºãã«ã«ããã·åºãã¹ã«ãåºããŠã¬ã€ã
åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ãŠã¬ã€ã
åºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ãŠã¬ã€ãåºïŒãã¹ã«
ãã³ã¢ããåºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ã
ã«ã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹
ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºïŒãã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºïŒå¥œãŸãã
ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºãç
çŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºïŒãã«ã«
ãã¢ã€ã«åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«
ã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ã«ã«ã
ã¢ã€ã«åºïŒãã¢ã·ã«ãªãã·åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°
ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ããåºïŒç¡çœ®æã¢ããã奜ãŸ
ããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºããŸãã¯ççŽ æ°
ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«åºã§çœ®æããïŒçŽãŸãã¯ïŒçŽã®
ã¢ããåºïŒãçé žãšã¹ãã«åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°
ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«çé žãšã¹ãã«åºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20
ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«çé žãšã¹ãã«åºïŒãã¹ã«ããã«åºïŒå¥œ
ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºã
ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãŒã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºïŒãã¹ã«ã
ã€ãã«åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ã¹
ã«ãã€ãã«åºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹ã«ãã€
ãã«åºïŒãæããããšãã§ããã ããã«ãY1ã®éžæã¯ãæ¬çºæã®åçè©Šè¬ãã¬
ã«ãŒãµãŒãå«æããåçèŠçŽ ãåŠçãããåŠç液
ã®PHããã³å¿ èŠãšãããã¿ã€ãã³ã°æéã«ãã€ãŠ
éžæããããäŸãã°é«PHåŠç液ãçšããåŠçã®å Ž
åããé ãã¿ã€ãã³ã°ãèŠããå Žåã¯ãY1ãšã
ãŠã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºçã«ä»£è¡šãããé»å
äŸäžæ§åºãéžæããããéã«PHïŒã11ã®äœPHã®åŠ
ç液ã§åŠçãããå Žåããæ©ãã¿ã€ãã³ã°ãèŠã
ãå ŽåY1ãšããŠããã²ã³ååãã¢ã·ã«åºãã¹ã«
ããã«åºãã·ã¢ãåºããããåºçã«ä»£è¡šãããé»
ååžåŒæ§åºãéžæããããšã«ãããææã®ç®çã
éããããšãåºããããã®ããã«Y1ã®éžæã«ã
ã€ãŠéåžžã«å·ŸåºãæŸåºé床ãã³ã³ãããŒã«ããã
ãšãå¯èœã§ããã æ¬çºæã®åçè©Šè¬ã®ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒã¯ãåŠçæã®
PH以å€ã«ãç¹ã«äºç¡«é žã€ãªã³ãããããã·ã«ã¢ã
ã³ãããªç¡«é žã€ãªã³ãã¡ã¿éäºç¡«é žã€ãªã³ããã
ãããµã é žãªã©ã®ãããªæ±æ žæ§ç©è³ªãçšããããš
ã«ãã€ãŠãåçè©Šè¬ã®æŸåºé床ãå·Ÿåºãã³ã³ãã
ãŒã«ããããšãã§ããã ãããã®æ±æ žæ§ç©è³ªãçšããããšã«ãã€ãŠæŸåº
é床ãéããããšãå¯èœãšãªããåçè©Šè¬ãã¬ã«
ãŒãµãŒã«å¯ŸããŠå¥œãŸããã¯102ã106åã¢ã«çšåºŠçš
ããããã 次ã«æ¬çºæã®ãããã¯ãããæçšãªåçè©Šè¬ã®
å ·äœäŸã瀺ããããããã«éå®ããããã®ã§ã¯ãª
ãã æ¬çºæã®ä»£è¡šçãªãããã¯ãããåçè©Šè¬ã®å
æäŸã以äžã«ç€ºãã äŸç€ºååç©(1)ã®åæ ïŒâã¯ããâïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«ãŠã©ã·ã«ã
Liebigs Ann.Chem.Bd.612ã161ïŒ1958ïŒèšèŒã®
以äžã®æ¹æ³ã«ããåæããã ïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«å°¿çŽ 276ïœïŒ3.14ã¢ã«ïŒãšã
ãã³é ž376ïœïŒ3.62ã¢ã«ïŒãæ°·é ¢é ž600mlã«60â70
âã«ãããŠæº¶è§£ããã次ãã§ãç¡æ°Žé ¢é ž1250mlã
å ããåŸã ã«90âãŸã§ææž©ãããïŒæéæªæãã
åŸã宀枩ã«ãŠäžæ©æŸçœ®ããæ°·é ¢é žããã³ç¡æ°Žé ¢é ž
ãæžå§äžã§çå»ãããæ®æž£ãç±ããã¡ã«ãšã¿ããŒ
ã«500mlã«æ³šããæåºããçµæ¶ãå¥ããæ¿å¡©é ž
380mlããã³æ°Ž400mlã«ãŠïŒæéå ç±éæµããåŸã
æ°·å·äžã§ïŒæéæŸçœ®ãããæåºããçµæ¶ãå¥
ããå°éã®ãšã¿ããŒã«ã§æŽæµããïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ã
ã«ãã«ãããŒã«é ž360ïœãåæããã ãã®ïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«ãã«ãããŒã«é ž110ïœã«
æ°Ž32mlãå ããæŽã«ãªãã·å¡©åãªã³800mlãåŸã
ã«æ»ŽäžãããïŒæéåå ç±éæµããåŸããªãã·å¡©
åãªã³ãåžžå§äžã§çå»ããæ®æž£ãç±ããã¡ã«æ°·ã«
泚ããæåºããçµæ¶ãå¥ãã液ãã¯ãããã«
ã ã«ãŠæœåºïŒÃïŒïŒããç¡æ°Žç¡«é žãããªãŠã ã§ä¹Ÿ
ç¥ããã次ãã§ã¯ãããã«ã ãçå»ããåŸããã
æ®æž£ãå ã®çµæ¶ãšåãããæ°Žããåçµæ¶ããããš
ã§ïŒâã¯ããâïŒïŒïŒãžã¡ãã«ãŠã©ã·ã«80ïœãå
æããã 次ãã§ããããããªã«6.6ïœïŒ0.1ã¢ã«ïŒã®ãã
ã©ããããã©ã³100ml溶液ã«ãæ°·å·äžãå«æç60
ééããŒã»ã³ãã®æ°ŽçŽ åãããªãŠã 4.0ïœïŒ0.1ã¢
ã«ïŒãå ããã®ã¡ãïŒâã¯ããâïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ã
ã«ãŠã©ã·ã«17ïœïŒ0.1ã¢ã«ïŒãæ·»å ãã宀枩äžã«
ïŒæéæªæãããæ°Ž100mlãå ãæ¿å¡©é žã«ãŠäžå
åŸãé ¢é žãšãã«200mlã§æœåºãããç¡æ°Žç¡«é žãã
ãªãŠã ã§ä¹Ÿç¥åŸãæžå§äžã«æº¶åªãçå»ãæåºãã
çµæ¶ãå¥ããïŒâãžã·ã¢ãã¡ãã«âïŒïŒïŒâãž
ã¡ãã«ãŠã©ã·ã«12.9ïœïŒ63ïŒ ïŒãåŸãã ãã®ïŒâãžã·ã¢ãã¡ãã«âïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«ãŠ
ã©ã·ã«6.1ïœïŒ0.03ã¢ã«ïŒã«æ°Ž1.5mlãå ããæŽã«
ãªãã·å¡©åãªã³40mlãåŸã ã«æ»ŽäžãããïŒæéå
å ç±éæµããã®ã¡ãªãã·å¡©åãªã³ãåžžå§äžã§çå»
ããæ®æž£ãæ°·ã«æ³šãã ãæåºããçµæ¶ãå¥ãã
液ãã¯ãããã«ã ã«ãŠæœåºïŒÃïŒïŒããç¡æ°Žç¡«
é žãããªãŠã ã§ä¹Ÿç¥ããã次ãã§ã¯ãããã«ã ã
çå»ããåŸãããæ®æž£ãå ã®çµæ¶ãšåãããæ°Žâ
ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ããåçµæ¶ããããšã§ïŒâã¯ããâ
ïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«ïŒâãªããœâïŒâãžã·ã¢ãã¡ã
ã¬ã³ããªããžã³6.15ïœãåæããã 次ãã§ïŒâã¡ã«ã«ããâïŒâããšãã«ããã©ãŸ
ãŒã«1.78ïœïŒ0.01ã¢ã«ïŒã®ã¡ã¿ããŒã«20ml溶液ã«
ãããªãŠã ã¡ãã©ãŒã28ïŒ ã¡ã¿ããŒã«æº¶æ¶²1.93ïœ
ïŒ0.01ã¢ã«ïŒãå ãã宀枩ã«ãŠïŒåéæªææªæã
ãã®ã¡ãã¡ã¿ããŒã«ãæžå§äžã§çå»ãããæ®æž£ã
ããã©ããããã©ã³30mlã«æº¶è§£ããäžèšã®ïŒâã¯
ããâïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«âïŒâãªããœâïŒâãžã·
ã¢ãã¡ãã¬ã³ããªããžã³2.2ïœïŒ0.01ã¢ã«ïŒãå
ãã24æéå ç±éæµãããåå¿æ¶²ãæ°·æ°Žã«æ³šãã
æåºããçµæ¶ãå¥ããã¡ã¿ããŒã«ããåçµæ¶ã
äŸç€ºååç©(1)ã3.2ïœïŒ89ïŒ ïŒåŸãã äŸç€ºååç©(7)ã®åæ ïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«ãã³ãºããªã¢ãŸãŒã«1.5ïœ
ïŒ0.01ã¢ã«ïŒã®ããã©ããããã©ã³40ml溶液ã«
DBUïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžã¢ã¶ãã·ã¯ããïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒããŠ
ã³ãã»ã³âïŒïŒ1.67ïœïŒ0.011ã¢ã«ïŒããã©ãã
ããã©ã³10ml溶液ã宀枩ã«ãŠå ãã次ãã§ãäŸç€º
ååç©(1)ã®åæã«ãããŠèšèŒããïŒâã¯ããâ
ïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«âïŒâãªããœâïŒâãžã·ã¢ãã¡
ãã¬ã³ããªããžã³2.2ïœïŒ0.01ã¢ã«ïŒã®ã¡ã¿ããŒ
ã«æº¶æ¶²ãå ãã11æéå ç±éæµãããåå¿æ¶²ãæ°·
æ°Žã«æ³šããæåºããçµæ¶ãå¥ãäŸç€ºååç©(7)
2.9ïœïŒ87ïŒ ïŒåŸãã äŸç€ºååç©(20)ã®åæ ãã¢ã³âïŒâãªã³âïŒïŒïŒâãžãªãã·ã
ïŒChem.Ber.ïŒ114ã909ïŒ1981ïŒã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã«ã
ãåæïŒ14.8ïœïŒ0.1ã¢ã«ïŒã®å¡©åã¡ãã¬ã³100ml
溶液ã«ãæ°·æ°Žäžã§å¡©åãªããµãªã«38.1ïœïŒ0.3ã¢
ã«ïŒã滎äžããåŸã宀枩ã«ãŠïŒæ¥éæªæãããã
ã®åå¿æ¶²ãæžå§äžã§æ¿çž®ããŠãïŒâã¯ããâïŒïŒ
ïŒâãžãããâïŒïŒšâãã€ã³16.0ïœãåŸããåç
96ïŒ ïŒâã¡ã«ã«ããâïŒâããšãã«ããã©ãŸãŒã«
1.78ïœïŒ0.01ã¢ã«ïŒãæ°·é ¢é žïŒmlããã³é ¢é žãã
ãªãŠã 1.68ïœïŒ0.02ã¢ã«ïŒã®ããã©ããããã©ã³
10ml溶液ã«æªæäžã§ãïŒâã¯ããâïŒïŒïŒâãžã
ããâïŒïŒšâãã€ã³1.67ïœïŒ0.01ã¢ã«ïŒãå ãã
60ã70âã«ãããŠããã«ïŒæéæªæãããåå¿æ¶²
ãæ°·æ°Žã«æ³šããé ¢é žãšãã«ã«ãŠæœåºããææ©å±€ã
ç¡æ°Žç¡«é žãããªãŠã ã§ä¹Ÿç¥ããåŸãæ¿çž®ãããæ®
枣ãã·ãªã«ã²ã«ã«ã©ã ã¯ãããã°ã©ãã€ãŒïŒé ¢é ž
ãšãã«âãããµã³ïŒã«ãã粟補ããŠãäŸç€ºååç©
ïŒïŒïŒïŒ1.94ïœãç¡è²æ²¹ç¶ç©ãšããŠåæãããåç63
ïŒ æ¬çºæã§çšãããããã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒã¯ãïŒçš®ä»¥äž
çµåããŠäœ¿çšããŠãããã æ¬çºæã®ãããã¯ãããåçè©Šè¬ïŒãã¬ã«ãŒãµ
ãŒïŒã¯ãããã²ã³åéåçæå ææã®ããã²ã³å
éä¹³å€å±€ãè²æå±€ãäžå¡ãå±€ãä¿è·å±€ãäžéå±€ã
ãã€ã«ã¿ãŒå±€ãã¢ã³ããã¬ãŒã·ãšã³å±€ãååå±€ã
ã«ããŒã·ãŒãå±€ããã®ä»ã®è£å©å±€ã®ã©ã®å±€ã«æ·»å
ããŠãããã æ¬çºæã§çšãããããã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒããããã®å±€
ã«æ·»å ããã«ã¯ãå±€ã圢æããããã®å¡åžæ¶²äž
ã«ããã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒããã®ãŸãŸã®ç¶æ ããããã¯å
çæå ææã«æªåœ±é¿ãäžããªã溶åªãããšãã°
æ°Žãã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«çã«é©åœãªæ¿åºŠã«æº¶è§£ããŠæ·»å ã
ãããšãã§ããããŸããã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒãé«æ²žç¹ææ©
溶åªããã³ãŸãã¯äœæ²žç¹ææ©æº¶åªã«æº¶è§£ããŠãæ°Ž
溶液äžã«ä¹³ååæ£ããŠæ·»å ããããšãã§ããããŸ
ããç¹éæ51â39853å·ãå51â59942ãå54â
32552ãç±³åœç¹èš±4199363å·ãªã©ã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã§ã
ãªããŒã©ããã¯ã¹ã«å«æµžãããæ·»å ããŠãããã æ¬çºæã®ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒã®æ·»å ææã¯ã補é å·¥çš
äžã®ãããªãææãéžãã§ãããããäžè¬ã«ã¯å¡
åžããçŽåã奜ãŸããã æ¬çºæã®ååç©ã®å¥œãŸããæ·»å éã¯åççæçš
è©Šè¬ã®çš®é¡ã«ããç°ãªãããã«ããªé²æ¢å€ãçŸå
æå¶å€ã¯éïŒã¢ã«ããã10-8ã10-1ã¢ã«ïŒå¥œãŸã
ãã¯ã¡ã«ã«ããç³»ã«ããªé²æ¢å€ã¯10-6ã10-1ã¢
ã«ããã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒã«çã¢ãŸãŒã«ç³»ã«ããªé²æ¢
å€ã¯10-5ã10-1ã¢ã«ïŒïŒçŸåè¬ã¯éïŒã¢ã«ããã
10-2ã10ã¢ã«ã奜ãŸããã¯0.1ãïŒã¢ã«ïŒãã©ãŸ
ãªãã³ç³»è£å©çŸåè¬ã¯éïŒã¢ã«ããã10-4ã10ã¢
ã«ã奜ãŸããã¯10-2ãïŒã¢ã«ïŒã«ãã©ã»å€ã¯éïŒ
ã¢ã«ããã10-2ã10-6ã¢ã«ã奜ãŸããã¯10-3ã
10-5ã¢ã«ïŒãã€ãçã®ããã²ã³åé溶å€ã¯éïŒã¢
ã«ããã10-3ã10ã¢ã«ã奜ãŸããã¯10-2ãïŒã¢
ã«ïŒã¢ãããšã¿ã³ããªãŒã«é¡çã®æŒçœä¿é²å€ã¯é
ïŒã¢ã«ããã10-5ã0.1ã¢ã«ã奜ãŸããã¯10-4ã
10-2ã¢ã«ïŒè²çŽ ãããã¯ã«ã©ãŒæ¡æ£è»¢åæå çšè²
æã¯éïŒã¢ã«ããã10-3ãïŒã¢ã«ã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒ
Ã10-3ã0.5ã¢ã«ã§ããã æ¬çºæã®åçè©Šè¬ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒã¯äžè¬åŒã«ç€ºã
ããããã¯åºãæã€ãããã«ãä¿åæã«ã¯å®å šã«
å®å®ã§ãããåŠçæå¿ èŠãªã¿ã€ãã³ã°ã§åçè©Šè¬
ãæŸåºããããšãã§ãããæŽã«æ¬çºæã«ããã°äž
è¬åŒã®çœ®æåºY1ãé©å®éžæããããšã«ããåºã
PHé åã§ãã®æ©èœãçºæ®ãããåçè©Šè¬ãã¬ã«ãŒ
ãµãŒã容æã«åŸãããšãã§ãããšããå©ç¹ãã
ãã ãŸãæ¬çºæã®åçè©Šè¬ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒã®ãã¡åç
è©Šè¬éšåãã«ããªé²æ¢å€ãŸãã¯çŸåæå¶å€ã§ãã
ååç©ãçšããåçæå ææã¯ã網ç¹ç»åã圢æ
ãããšãã®ç¶²é調ïŒScreen RangeïŒãé·ããšã
ãç¹åŸŽã瀺ãã®ã§ã補ççšåçæå ææã«æ¥µããŠ
奜é©ã§ããã æ¬çºæã®ååç©ã¯äŸãã°ã«ãã©ãŒæ¹åŒã®ã«ã©ãŒ
åçæå ææã«çšããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã®ååç©ã¯äŸãã°The Theory of the
Photographic ProcessïŒChapter12ïŒPrinciples
and Chemistry of Color Photography ïŒ
Silver Dye Bleaeh ProcessïŒ4th ed.ïŒT.H.
James ed.ïŒMacmillanïŒNew YorkïŒ1977ïŒ
pp363â366ã«èšèŒãããŠãããããªéè²çŽ æŒçœ
æ³ã«ããæ¹åŒã«ãçšããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã®ååç©ã¯ããã«çœé»æå ææã«ãããŠ
ã䜿çšããããšãã§ãããçœé»æå ææãšããŠã¯
çŽå»çšïŒžâã¬ã€ãã€ã«ã ãäžè¬æ®åœ±çšçœé»ãã€ã«
ã ããªã¹ãã€ã«ã ãã¹ãã€ããŒãã€ã«ã ãªã©ãæ
ããããšãåºæ¥ãã æ¬çºæã®ååç©ãã«ã©ãŒæ¡æ£è»¢ååçæ³ã«é©çš
ãããšãã«ã¯ãå¥é¢ïŒããŒã«ã¢ããŒãïŒåããã
ã¯ç¹å ¬æ46â16356å·ãå4833697å·ãç¹éæ50â
13040å·ããã³è±åœç¹èš±1330524å·ã«èšèŒãããŠã
ããããªäžäœïŒã€ã³ãã°ã¬ãŒãããïŒåãç¹éæ
57â119345å·ã«èšèŒãããŠãããããªå¥é¢äžèŠå
ã®ãã€ã«ã ãŠãããã®æ§æããšãããšãã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒããã³ïŒïŒã§ç€ºããããã¬ã«ãŒ
ãµãŒã¯ãããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã®çŸåã«å¯ŸããŠæå¹ã«
äœçšãããããã«çµã¿åããããŠããã°ã©ã®å±€ã«
æ·»å ãããŠããŠãããã奜ãŸããã¯ããã²ã³åé
ä¹³å€å«æéãè²çŽ åäŸäžååç©å«æå±€ããã®ä»è£
å©å±€ãªã©ã®æå æ§å±€ïŒååå±€ãªããçœè²åå°å±€ãª
ã©ã®è£å©å±€ïŒãŸãã¯äžåå±€ãŸãã¯äžåã¿ã€ãã³ã°
å±€ãªã©ã®äžåæ©æ§äžã«æ·»å ããããäžåå±€ãŸãã¯
äžåã¿ã€ãã³ã°å±€ã«æ·»å ãããããšããšãã«å¥œãŸ
ããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠæ¬é¡ã®ååç©ããã³äœµçšã§ãã
ã«ãã©ãŒãããã²ã³åéä¹³å€å±€ã«å°å ¥ããã«ã¯å ¬
ç¥ã®æ¹æ³ãäŸãã°ç±³åœç¹èš±2322027å·ã«èšèŒã®æ¹
æ³ãªã©ãçšãããããäŸãã°ãã¿ãŒã«é žã¢ã«ãã«
ãšã¹ãã«ïŒãžããã«ãã¿ã¬ãŒãããžãªã¯ãã«ãã¿
ã¬ãŒããªã©ïŒããªã³é žãšã¹ãã«ïŒãžããšãã«ããª
ã¹ããšãŒããããªããšãã«ããªã¹ããšãŒããããª
ã¯ã¬ãžã«ããªã¹ããšãŒãããžãªã¯ãã«ããã«ããª
ã¹ããšãŒãïŒãã¯ãšã³é žãšã¹ãã«ïŒäŸãã°ã¢ã»ã
ã«ã¯ãšã³é žããªããã«ïŒãå®æ¯éŠé žãšã¹ãã«ïŒäŸ
ãã°å®æ¯éŠé žãªã¯ãã«ïŒãã¢ã«ãã«ã¢ããïŒäŸã
ã°ãžãšãã«ã©ãŠãªã«ã¢ããïŒãèèªé žãšã¹ãã«é¡
ïŒäŸãã°ãžãããã·ãšãã«ãµã¯ã·ããŒãããžãšã
ã«ã¢ãŒã¬ãŒãïŒãããªã¡ã·ã³é žãšã¹ãã«é¡ïŒäŸã
ã°ããªã¡ã·ã³é žããªããã«ïŒãªã©ãåã¯æ²žç¹çŽ30
âãªãã150âã®ææ©æº¶åªãäŸãã°é ¢é žãšãã«ã
é ¢é žããã«ã®åŠãäœçŽã¢ã«ãã«ã¢ã»ããŒãããã
ããªã³é žãšãã«ãïŒçŽããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãã¡ãã«
ã€ãœããã«ã±ãã³ãβâãšããã·ãšãã«ã¢ã»ããŒ
ããã¡ãã«ã»ããœã«ãã¢ã»ããŒãçã«æº¶è§£ããã®
ã¡ã芪氎æ§ã³ãã€ãã«åæ£ããããäžèšã®é«æ²žç¹
ææ©æº¶åªãšäœæ²žç¹ææ©æº¶åªãšã¯æ··åããŠçšããŠã
ããã åãç¹å ¬æ51â39853å·ãç¹éæ51â59943å·ã«
èšèŒãããŠããéåç©ã«ããåæ£æ³ã䜿çšããã
ãšãã§ããã ã«ãã©ãŒãã«ã«ãã³é žãã¹ã«ããªã³é žã®åŠãé ž
åºãæããå Žåã«ã¯ãã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãšããŠèŠª
æ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãäžã«å°å ¥ãããã æ¬çºæã®æå ææã®ä¹³å€å±€ãäžéå±€ã«çšããã
ãšã®ã§ããçµåå€ãŸãã¯ä¿è·ã³ãã€ããšããŠã¯ã
ãŒã©ãã³ãçšããã®ãæå©ã§ãããããã以å€ã®
芪氎æ§ã³ã€ãããåç¬ãããã¯ãŒã©ãã³ãšå ±ã«çš
ããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠãŒã©ãã³ã¯ç³ç°åŠçããããã®
ã§ããé žã䜿çšããŠåŠçããããã®ã§ãã©ã¡ãã§
ãããããŒã©ãã³ã®è£œæ³ã®è©³çŽ°ã¯ã¢ãŒãµãŒã»ãŽã¢
ã€ã¹èãã¶ã»ãã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã»ã±ãã¹ããª
ãŒã»ãªãã»ãŒã©ãã³ãïŒã¢ã«ãããã¯ã»ãã¬ã¹ã
1964幎çºè¡ïŒã«èšèŒãããã æ¬çºæã§çšããåçä¹³å€ã«ã¯çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãåç¬
ãŸãã¯æ··åããŠæ·»å ããŠãããã ãããã®å¡åžå©å€ãšããŠçšãããããã®ã§ãã
ãæãšããŠãã®ä»ã®ç®çãããšãã°ä¹³ååæ£ãå¢
æåçç¹æ§ã®æ¹è¯ã垯é»é²æ¢ãæ¥çé²æ¢ãªã©ã®ã
ãã«ãé©çšãããããããã®çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ã¯ãµãã
ã³ãªã©ã®å€©ç¶çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ã
ç³»ãã°ãªã»ãªã³ç³»ãã°ãªã·ããŒã«ç³»ãªã©ã®ãããª
ã³çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãé«çŽã¢ã«ãã«ã¢ãã³é¡ã第ïŒçŽã¢
ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©é¡ãããªãžã³ãã®ä»ã®è€çŽ ç°é¡ãã
ã¹ãããŠã åã¯ã¹ã«ãããŠã é¡ãªã©ã®ã«ããªã³ç
é¢æŽ»æ§å€ãã«ã«ãã³é žãã¹ã«ãã³é žãçé žãç¡«
é žããšã¹ãã«åºãçé žãšã¹ãã«åºçã®é žæ§åºãå«
ãã¢ããªã³çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãã¢ããé žé¡ãã¢ããã¹ã«
ãã³é žé¡ãã¢ããã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã®ç¡«é žãŸãã¯çé žãš
ã¹ãã«é¡çã®äž¡æ§æŽ»æ§å€ã«ãããããã ããã䜿çšãããçé¢æŽ»æ§å€ååç©äŸã®äžéšã¯
ç±³åœç¹èš±2271623å·ãå2240472å·ãå2288226å·ã
å2739891å·ãå3068101å·ãå3158484å·ãå
3201253å·ãå3210191å·ãå3294540å·ãå
3415649å·ãå3441413å·ãå3442654å·ãå
3475174å·ãå3545974å·ããã€ãç¹èš±åºé¡
1942665å·ãè±åœç¹èš±1077317å·ãå1198450å·ã
ã¯ãããå°ç°è¯å¹³ä»èãçé¢æŽ»æ§å€ã®åæãšãã®
å¿çšãïŒãæžåº1964幎çïŒããã³A.W.ããªã€è
ããµãŒããšã¹ã¢ã¯ãã€ããšãŒãžãšã³ããïŒã€ã³ã¿ãŒ
ãµã€ãšã³ã¹ãããªã±ãŒã·ã³ã€ã³ã³ãŒãã¬ãŒãã€ã
1958幎çïŒïŒJ.P.ã·ã¹ãªãŒèããšã³ãµã€ã¯ããã
ã€ã¢ ãªã ãµãŒããšã¹ã¢ã¯ãã€ããšãŒãžãšã³ã
第ïŒå·»ãïŒã±ãã«ã«ãããªãã·ãŠã«ã³ãããŒ1964
幎çïŒãªã©ã®ææžã«èšèŒãããŠããã æ¬çºæã«çšãããããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãå
åç©ãšããŠã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒãïŒã®ã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€
ããããšãã°ãšãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãããããã¬ã³â
ïŒïŒïŒâãªããµã€ããããã¬ã³âïŒïŒïŒâãªããµ
ã€ããªã©ã奜ãŸããã¯ãšãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãã®å°ã
ãšã10åäœããæãããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ã
ãšãæ°Žãèèªé žã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãè³éŠæã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã
èèªé žãææ©ã¢ãã³ãããã·ããŒã«èªå°äœãªã©ã®
掻æ§æ°ŽçŽ ååãå°ããšãïŒåæããååç©ãšã®çž®
åç©ãããã¯äºçš®ä»¥äžã®ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€
ãã®ãããã¯ã³ããªããŒãªã©ããããããšãã§ã
ããããªãã¡ãããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãååç©
ãšããŠãå ·äœçã«ã¯ ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«é¡ ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã¢ã«ãã«ãšãŒãã«é¡ ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã¢ãªãŒã«ãšãŒãã«é¡ ã ã ïŒã¢ã«ãã«ã¢ãªãŒ
ã«ïŒ ãšãŒãã«é¡ ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãšã¹ãã«é¡ ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«èèªé žã¢ããé¡ ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã¢ãã³é¡ ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã»ãããã¯å ±éåäœ ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã°ã©ããéåç© ãªã©ãçšããããšãã§ãããååéã¯600以äžã§
ããããšãå¿ èŠã§ããã ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãéã¯ååäžã«äžã€ãš
ã¯éãããäºã€ä»¥äžå«ãŸããŠãããããã®å Žå
åã ã®ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãéã10ããå°ã
ã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãåäœããæã€ãŠããããã
ååäžã®ã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãåäœã®åèšã¯å°ã
ãšã10ã§ãªããã°ãªããªããååäžã«äºã€ä»¥äžã®
ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãéãæããå Žåããã
ãã®åã ã¯ç°ãã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãåäœãããš
ãã°ãšãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ããšãããã¬ã³ãªããµã€ã
ããæã€ãŠããŠããããæ¬çºæã§çšããããªã¢ã«
ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãååç©ã¯ã奜ãŸããã¯14以äž
100ãŸã§ã®ã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãåäœãå«ããã®
ã§ããã æ¬çºæã§äœµçšã§ããããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ã
ååç©ã®å ·äœäŸãããããšæ¬¡ã®åŠãã§ããã ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãååç©äŸ
ããã³ïŒ¡ä»¥å€ã®ä»¥äžã®çœ®æåºãïŒå以äžæããŠã
ããã眮æåºãïŒå以äžãããšãã¯åãã§ãç°ã€
ãŠãããã å ·äœç眮æåºãšããŠã¯ãããã²ã³ååïŒãã
çŽ ãå¡©çŽ ãèçŽ ïŒãã¢ã«ãã«åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ
æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ
æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ç
çŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«ãªãã·åºïŒå¥œãŸã
ãã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ã«ãã«ããªåºïŒå¥œ
ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«ããªåº
ïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ã·ã«åºïŒå¥œ
ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ã·ã«ã¢ããåº
ïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãã€ã«ã¢ãã
åºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã¬ãŒã³ã«ã«ããã«åºïŒãã
ããåºãã·ã¢ãåºããªãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºïŒå¥œãŸã
ãã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ã³ãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºãç
çŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ãªãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºïŒãã
ãããã·åºãã«ã«ããã·åºãã¹ã«ãåºããŠã¬ã€ã
åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ãŠã¬ã€ã
åºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ãŠã¬ã€ãåºïŒãã¹ã«
ãã³ã¢ããåºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ã
ã«ã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹
ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºïŒãã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºïŒå¥œãŸãã
ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºãç
çŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºïŒãã«ã«
ãã¢ã€ã«åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«
ã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ã«ã«ã
ã¢ã€ã«åºïŒãã¢ã·ã«ãªãã·åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°
ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ããåºïŒç¡çœ®æã¢ããã奜ãŸ
ããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºããŸãã¯ççŽ æ°
ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«åºã§çœ®æããïŒçŽãŸãã¯ïŒçŽã®
ã¢ããåºïŒãçé žãšã¹ãã«åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°
ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«çé žãšã¹ãã«åºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20
ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«çé žãšã¹ãã«åºïŒãã¹ã«ããã«åºïŒå¥œ
ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºã
ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãŒã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºïŒãã¹ã«ã
ã€ãã«åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ã¹
ã«ãã€ãã«åºãççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹ã«ãã€
ãã«åºïŒãæããããšãã§ããã ããã«ãY1ã®éžæã¯ãæ¬çºæã®åçè©Šè¬ãã¬
ã«ãŒãµãŒãå«æããåçèŠçŽ ãåŠçãããåŠç液
ã®PHããã³å¿ èŠãšãããã¿ã€ãã³ã°æéã«ãã€ãŠ
éžæããããäŸãã°é«PHåŠç液ãçšããåŠçã®å Ž
åããé ãã¿ã€ãã³ã°ãèŠããå Žåã¯ãY1ãšã
ãŠã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºçã«ä»£è¡šãããé»å
äŸäžæ§åºãéžæããããéã«PHïŒã11ã®äœPHã®åŠ
ç液ã§åŠçãããå Žåããæ©ãã¿ã€ãã³ã°ãèŠã
ãå ŽåY1ãšããŠããã²ã³ååãã¢ã·ã«åºãã¹ã«
ããã«åºãã·ã¢ãåºããããåºçã«ä»£è¡šãããé»
ååžåŒæ§åºãéžæããããšã«ãããææã®ç®çã
éããããšãåºããããã®ããã«Y1ã®éžæã«ã
ã€ãŠéåžžã«å·ŸåºãæŸåºé床ãã³ã³ãããŒã«ããã
ãšãå¯èœã§ããã æ¬çºæã®åçè©Šè¬ã®ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒã¯ãåŠçæã®
PH以å€ã«ãç¹ã«äºç¡«é žã€ãªã³ãããããã·ã«ã¢ã
ã³ãããªç¡«é žã€ãªã³ãã¡ã¿éäºç¡«é žã€ãªã³ããã
ãããµã é žãªã©ã®ãããªæ±æ žæ§ç©è³ªãçšããããš
ã«ãã€ãŠãåçè©Šè¬ã®æŸåºé床ãå·Ÿåºãã³ã³ãã
ãŒã«ããããšãã§ããã ãããã®æ±æ žæ§ç©è³ªãçšããããšã«ãã€ãŠæŸåº
é床ãéããããšãå¯èœãšãªããåçè©Šè¬ãã¬ã«
ãŒãµãŒã«å¯ŸããŠå¥œãŸããã¯102ã106åã¢ã«çšåºŠçš
ããããã 次ã«æ¬çºæã®ãããã¯ãããæçšãªåçè©Šè¬ã®
å ·äœäŸã瀺ããããããã«éå®ããããã®ã§ã¯ãª
ãã æ¬çºæã®ä»£è¡šçãªãããã¯ãããåçè©Šè¬ã®å
æäŸã以äžã«ç€ºãã äŸç€ºååç©(1)ã®åæ ïŒâã¯ããâïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«ãŠã©ã·ã«ã
Liebigs Ann.Chem.Bd.612ã161ïŒ1958ïŒèšèŒã®
以äžã®æ¹æ³ã«ããåæããã ïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«å°¿çŽ 276ïœïŒ3.14ã¢ã«ïŒãšã
ãã³é ž376ïœïŒ3.62ã¢ã«ïŒãæ°·é ¢é ž600mlã«60â70
âã«ãããŠæº¶è§£ããã次ãã§ãç¡æ°Žé ¢é ž1250mlã
å ããåŸã ã«90âãŸã§ææž©ãããïŒæéæªæãã
åŸã宀枩ã«ãŠäžæ©æŸçœ®ããæ°·é ¢é žããã³ç¡æ°Žé ¢é ž
ãæžå§äžã§çå»ãããæ®æž£ãç±ããã¡ã«ãšã¿ããŒ
ã«500mlã«æ³šããæåºããçµæ¶ãå¥ããæ¿å¡©é ž
380mlããã³æ°Ž400mlã«ãŠïŒæéå ç±éæµããåŸã
æ°·å·äžã§ïŒæéæŸçœ®ãããæåºããçµæ¶ãå¥
ããå°éã®ãšã¿ããŒã«ã§æŽæµããïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ã
ã«ãã«ãããŒã«é ž360ïœãåæããã ãã®ïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«ãã«ãããŒã«é ž110ïœã«
æ°Ž32mlãå ããæŽã«ãªãã·å¡©åãªã³800mlãåŸã
ã«æ»ŽäžãããïŒæéåå ç±éæµããåŸããªãã·å¡©
åãªã³ãåžžå§äžã§çå»ããæ®æž£ãç±ããã¡ã«æ°·ã«
泚ããæåºããçµæ¶ãå¥ãã液ãã¯ãããã«
ã ã«ãŠæœåºïŒÃïŒïŒããç¡æ°Žç¡«é žãããªãŠã ã§ä¹Ÿ
ç¥ããã次ãã§ã¯ãããã«ã ãçå»ããåŸããã
æ®æž£ãå ã®çµæ¶ãšåãããæ°Žããåçµæ¶ããããš
ã§ïŒâã¯ããâïŒïŒïŒãžã¡ãã«ãŠã©ã·ã«80ïœãå
æããã 次ãã§ããããããªã«6.6ïœïŒ0.1ã¢ã«ïŒã®ãã
ã©ããããã©ã³100ml溶液ã«ãæ°·å·äžãå«æç60
ééããŒã»ã³ãã®æ°ŽçŽ åãããªãŠã 4.0ïœïŒ0.1ã¢
ã«ïŒãå ããã®ã¡ãïŒâã¯ããâïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ã
ã«ãŠã©ã·ã«17ïœïŒ0.1ã¢ã«ïŒãæ·»å ãã宀枩äžã«
ïŒæéæªæãããæ°Ž100mlãå ãæ¿å¡©é žã«ãŠäžå
åŸãé ¢é žãšãã«200mlã§æœåºãããç¡æ°Žç¡«é žãã
ãªãŠã ã§ä¹Ÿç¥åŸãæžå§äžã«æº¶åªãçå»ãæåºãã
çµæ¶ãå¥ããïŒâãžã·ã¢ãã¡ãã«âïŒïŒïŒâãž
ã¡ãã«ãŠã©ã·ã«12.9ïœïŒ63ïŒ ïŒãåŸãã ãã®ïŒâãžã·ã¢ãã¡ãã«âïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«ãŠ
ã©ã·ã«6.1ïœïŒ0.03ã¢ã«ïŒã«æ°Ž1.5mlãå ããæŽã«
ãªãã·å¡©åãªã³40mlãåŸã ã«æ»ŽäžãããïŒæéå
å ç±éæµããã®ã¡ãªãã·å¡©åãªã³ãåžžå§äžã§çå»
ããæ®æž£ãæ°·ã«æ³šãã ãæåºããçµæ¶ãå¥ãã
液ãã¯ãããã«ã ã«ãŠæœåºïŒÃïŒïŒããç¡æ°Žç¡«
é žãããªãŠã ã§ä¹Ÿç¥ããã次ãã§ã¯ãããã«ã ã
çå»ããåŸãããæ®æž£ãå ã®çµæ¶ãšåãããæ°Žâ
ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ããåçµæ¶ããããšã§ïŒâã¯ããâ
ïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«ïŒâãªããœâïŒâãžã·ã¢ãã¡ã
ã¬ã³ããªããžã³6.15ïœãåæããã 次ãã§ïŒâã¡ã«ã«ããâïŒâããšãã«ããã©ãŸ
ãŒã«1.78ïœïŒ0.01ã¢ã«ïŒã®ã¡ã¿ããŒã«20ml溶液ã«
ãããªãŠã ã¡ãã©ãŒã28ïŒ ã¡ã¿ããŒã«æº¶æ¶²1.93ïœ
ïŒ0.01ã¢ã«ïŒãå ãã宀枩ã«ãŠïŒåéæªææªæã
ãã®ã¡ãã¡ã¿ããŒã«ãæžå§äžã§çå»ãããæ®æž£ã
ããã©ããããã©ã³30mlã«æº¶è§£ããäžèšã®ïŒâã¯
ããâïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«âïŒâãªããœâïŒâãžã·
ã¢ãã¡ãã¬ã³ããªããžã³2.2ïœïŒ0.01ã¢ã«ïŒãå
ãã24æéå ç±éæµãããåå¿æ¶²ãæ°·æ°Žã«æ³šãã
æåºããçµæ¶ãå¥ããã¡ã¿ããŒã«ããåçµæ¶ã
äŸç€ºååç©(1)ã3.2ïœïŒ89ïŒ ïŒåŸãã äŸç€ºååç©(7)ã®åæ ïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«ãã³ãºããªã¢ãŸãŒã«1.5ïœ
ïŒ0.01ã¢ã«ïŒã®ããã©ããããã©ã³40ml溶液ã«
DBUïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžã¢ã¶ãã·ã¯ããïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒããŠ
ã³ãã»ã³âïŒïŒ1.67ïœïŒ0.011ã¢ã«ïŒããã©ãã
ããã©ã³10ml溶液ã宀枩ã«ãŠå ãã次ãã§ãäŸç€º
ååç©(1)ã®åæã«ãããŠèšèŒããïŒâã¯ããâ
ïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«âïŒâãªããœâïŒâãžã·ã¢ãã¡
ãã¬ã³ããªããžã³2.2ïœïŒ0.01ã¢ã«ïŒã®ã¡ã¿ããŒ
ã«æº¶æ¶²ãå ãã11æéå ç±éæµãããåå¿æ¶²ãæ°·
æ°Žã«æ³šããæåºããçµæ¶ãå¥ãäŸç€ºååç©(7)
2.9ïœïŒ87ïŒ ïŒåŸãã äŸç€ºååç©(20)ã®åæ ãã¢ã³âïŒâãªã³âïŒïŒïŒâãžãªãã·ã
ïŒChem.Ber.ïŒ114ã909ïŒ1981ïŒã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã«ã
ãåæïŒ14.8ïœïŒ0.1ã¢ã«ïŒã®å¡©åã¡ãã¬ã³100ml
溶液ã«ãæ°·æ°Žäžã§å¡©åãªããµãªã«38.1ïœïŒ0.3ã¢
ã«ïŒã滎äžããåŸã宀枩ã«ãŠïŒæ¥éæªæãããã
ã®åå¿æ¶²ãæžå§äžã§æ¿çž®ããŠãïŒâã¯ããâïŒïŒ
ïŒâãžãããâïŒïŒšâãã€ã³16.0ïœãåŸããåç
96ïŒ ïŒâã¡ã«ã«ããâïŒâããšãã«ããã©ãŸãŒã«
1.78ïœïŒ0.01ã¢ã«ïŒãæ°·é ¢é žïŒmlããã³é ¢é žãã
ãªãŠã 1.68ïœïŒ0.02ã¢ã«ïŒã®ããã©ããããã©ã³
10ml溶液ã«æªæäžã§ãïŒâã¯ããâïŒïŒïŒâãžã
ããâïŒïŒšâãã€ã³1.67ïœïŒ0.01ã¢ã«ïŒãå ãã
60ã70âã«ãããŠããã«ïŒæéæªæãããåå¿æ¶²
ãæ°·æ°Žã«æ³šããé ¢é žãšãã«ã«ãŠæœåºããææ©å±€ã
ç¡æ°Žç¡«é žãããªãŠã ã§ä¹Ÿç¥ããåŸãæ¿çž®ãããæ®
枣ãã·ãªã«ã²ã«ã«ã©ã ã¯ãããã°ã©ãã€ãŒïŒé ¢é ž
ãšãã«âãããµã³ïŒã«ãã粟補ããŠãäŸç€ºååç©
ïŒïŒïŒïŒ1.94ïœãç¡è²æ²¹ç¶ç©ãšããŠåæãããåç63
ïŒ æ¬çºæã§çšãããããã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒã¯ãïŒçš®ä»¥äž
çµåããŠäœ¿çšããŠãããã æ¬çºæã®ãããã¯ãããåçè©Šè¬ïŒãã¬ã«ãŒãµ
ãŒïŒã¯ãããã²ã³åéåçæå ææã®ããã²ã³å
éä¹³å€å±€ãè²æå±€ãäžå¡ãå±€ãä¿è·å±€ãäžéå±€ã
ãã€ã«ã¿ãŒå±€ãã¢ã³ããã¬ãŒã·ãšã³å±€ãååå±€ã
ã«ããŒã·ãŒãå±€ããã®ä»ã®è£å©å±€ã®ã©ã®å±€ã«æ·»å
ããŠãããã æ¬çºæã§çšãããããã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒããããã®å±€
ã«æ·»å ããã«ã¯ãå±€ã圢æããããã®å¡åžæ¶²äž
ã«ããã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒããã®ãŸãŸã®ç¶æ ããããã¯å
çæå ææã«æªåœ±é¿ãäžããªã溶åªãããšãã°
æ°Žãã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«çã«é©åœãªæ¿åºŠã«æº¶è§£ããŠæ·»å ã
ãããšãã§ããããŸããã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒãé«æ²žç¹ææ©
溶åªããã³ãŸãã¯äœæ²žç¹ææ©æº¶åªã«æº¶è§£ããŠãæ°Ž
溶液äžã«ä¹³ååæ£ããŠæ·»å ããããšãã§ããããŸ
ããç¹éæ51â39853å·ãå51â59942ãå54â
32552ãç±³åœç¹èš±4199363å·ãªã©ã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã§ã
ãªããŒã©ããã¯ã¹ã«å«æµžãããæ·»å ããŠãããã æ¬çºæã®ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒã®æ·»å ææã¯ã補é å·¥çš
äžã®ãããªãææãéžãã§ãããããäžè¬ã«ã¯å¡
åžããçŽåã奜ãŸããã æ¬çºæã®ååç©ã®å¥œãŸããæ·»å éã¯åççæçš
è©Šè¬ã®çš®é¡ã«ããç°ãªãããã«ããªé²æ¢å€ãçŸå
æå¶å€ã¯éïŒã¢ã«ããã10-8ã10-1ã¢ã«ïŒå¥œãŸã
ãã¯ã¡ã«ã«ããç³»ã«ããªé²æ¢å€ã¯10-6ã10-1ã¢
ã«ããã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒã«çã¢ãŸãŒã«ç³»ã«ããªé²æ¢
å€ã¯10-5ã10-1ã¢ã«ïŒïŒçŸåè¬ã¯éïŒã¢ã«ããã
10-2ã10ã¢ã«ã奜ãŸããã¯0.1ãïŒã¢ã«ïŒãã©ãŸ
ãªãã³ç³»è£å©çŸåè¬ã¯éïŒã¢ã«ããã10-4ã10ã¢
ã«ã奜ãŸããã¯10-2ãïŒã¢ã«ïŒã«ãã©ã»å€ã¯éïŒ
ã¢ã«ããã10-2ã10-6ã¢ã«ã奜ãŸããã¯10-3ã
10-5ã¢ã«ïŒãã€ãçã®ããã²ã³åé溶å€ã¯éïŒã¢
ã«ããã10-3ã10ã¢ã«ã奜ãŸããã¯10-2ãïŒã¢
ã«ïŒã¢ãããšã¿ã³ããªãŒã«é¡çã®æŒçœä¿é²å€ã¯é
ïŒã¢ã«ããã10-5ã0.1ã¢ã«ã奜ãŸããã¯10-4ã
10-2ã¢ã«ïŒè²çŽ ãããã¯ã«ã©ãŒæ¡æ£è»¢åæå çšè²
æã¯éïŒã¢ã«ããã10-3ãïŒã¢ã«ã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒ
Ã10-3ã0.5ã¢ã«ã§ããã æ¬çºæã®åçè©Šè¬ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒã¯äžè¬åŒã«ç€ºã
ããããã¯åºãæã€ãããã«ãä¿åæã«ã¯å®å šã«
å®å®ã§ãããåŠçæå¿ èŠãªã¿ã€ãã³ã°ã§åçè©Šè¬
ãæŸåºããããšãã§ãããæŽã«æ¬çºæã«ããã°äž
è¬åŒã®çœ®æåºY1ãé©å®éžæããããšã«ããåºã
PHé åã§ãã®æ©èœãçºæ®ãããåçè©Šè¬ãã¬ã«ãŒ
ãµãŒã容æã«åŸãããšãã§ãããšããå©ç¹ãã
ãã ãŸãæ¬çºæã®åçè©Šè¬ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒã®ãã¡åç
è©Šè¬éšåãã«ããªé²æ¢å€ãŸãã¯çŸåæå¶å€ã§ãã
ååç©ãçšããåçæå ææã¯ã網ç¹ç»åã圢æ
ãããšãã®ç¶²é調ïŒScreen RangeïŒãé·ããšã
ãç¹åŸŽã瀺ãã®ã§ã補ççšåçæå ææã«æ¥µããŠ
奜é©ã§ããã æ¬çºæã®ååç©ã¯äŸãã°ã«ãã©ãŒæ¹åŒã®ã«ã©ãŒ
åçæå ææã«çšããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã®ååç©ã¯äŸãã°The Theory of the
Photographic ProcessïŒChapter12ïŒPrinciples
and Chemistry of Color Photography ïŒ
Silver Dye Bleaeh ProcessïŒ4th ed.ïŒT.H.
James ed.ïŒMacmillanïŒNew YorkïŒ1977ïŒ
pp363â366ã«èšèŒãããŠãããããªéè²çŽ æŒçœ
æ³ã«ããæ¹åŒã«ãçšããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã®ååç©ã¯ããã«çœé»æå ææã«ãããŠ
ã䜿çšããããšãã§ãããçœé»æå ææãšããŠã¯
çŽå»çšïŒžâã¬ã€ãã€ã«ã ãäžè¬æ®åœ±çšçœé»ãã€ã«
ã ããªã¹ãã€ã«ã ãã¹ãã€ããŒãã€ã«ã ãªã©ãæ
ããããšãåºæ¥ãã æ¬çºæã®ååç©ãã«ã©ãŒæ¡æ£è»¢ååçæ³ã«é©çš
ãããšãã«ã¯ãå¥é¢ïŒããŒã«ã¢ããŒãïŒåããã
ã¯ç¹å ¬æ46â16356å·ãå4833697å·ãç¹éæ50â
13040å·ããã³è±åœç¹èš±1330524å·ã«èšèŒãããŠã
ããããªäžäœïŒã€ã³ãã°ã¬ãŒãããïŒåãç¹éæ
57â119345å·ã«èšèŒãããŠãããããªå¥é¢äžèŠå
ã®ãã€ã«ã ãŠãããã®æ§æããšãããšãã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒããã³ïŒïŒã§ç€ºããããã¬ã«ãŒ
ãµãŒã¯ãããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã®çŸåã«å¯ŸããŠæå¹ã«
äœçšãããããã«çµã¿åããããŠããã°ã©ã®å±€ã«
æ·»å ãããŠããŠãããã奜ãŸããã¯ããã²ã³åé
ä¹³å€å«æéãè²çŽ åäŸäžååç©å«æå±€ããã®ä»è£
å©å±€ãªã©ã®æå æ§å±€ïŒååå±€ãªããçœè²åå°å±€ãª
ã©ã®è£å©å±€ïŒãŸãã¯äžåå±€ãŸãã¯äžåã¿ã€ãã³ã°
å±€ãªã©ã®äžåæ©æ§äžã«æ·»å ããããäžåå±€ãŸãã¯
äžåã¿ã€ãã³ã°å±€ã«æ·»å ãããããšããšãã«å¥œãŸ
ããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠæ¬é¡ã®ååç©ããã³äœµçšã§ãã
ã«ãã©ãŒãããã²ã³åéä¹³å€å±€ã«å°å ¥ããã«ã¯å ¬
ç¥ã®æ¹æ³ãäŸãã°ç±³åœç¹èš±2322027å·ã«èšèŒã®æ¹
æ³ãªã©ãçšãããããäŸãã°ãã¿ãŒã«é žã¢ã«ãã«
ãšã¹ãã«ïŒãžããã«ãã¿ã¬ãŒãããžãªã¯ãã«ãã¿
ã¬ãŒããªã©ïŒããªã³é žãšã¹ãã«ïŒãžããšãã«ããª
ã¹ããšãŒããããªããšãã«ããªã¹ããšãŒããããª
ã¯ã¬ãžã«ããªã¹ããšãŒãããžãªã¯ãã«ããã«ããª
ã¹ããšãŒãïŒãã¯ãšã³é žãšã¹ãã«ïŒäŸãã°ã¢ã»ã
ã«ã¯ãšã³é žããªããã«ïŒãå®æ¯éŠé žãšã¹ãã«ïŒäŸ
ãã°å®æ¯éŠé žãªã¯ãã«ïŒãã¢ã«ãã«ã¢ããïŒäŸã
ã°ãžãšãã«ã©ãŠãªã«ã¢ããïŒãèèªé žãšã¹ãã«é¡
ïŒäŸãã°ãžãããã·ãšãã«ãµã¯ã·ããŒãããžãšã
ã«ã¢ãŒã¬ãŒãïŒãããªã¡ã·ã³é žãšã¹ãã«é¡ïŒäŸã
ã°ããªã¡ã·ã³é žããªããã«ïŒãªã©ãåã¯æ²žç¹çŽ30
âãªãã150âã®ææ©æº¶åªãäŸãã°é ¢é žãšãã«ã
é ¢é žããã«ã®åŠãäœçŽã¢ã«ãã«ã¢ã»ããŒãããã
ããªã³é žãšãã«ãïŒçŽããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãã¡ãã«
ã€ãœããã«ã±ãã³ãβâãšããã·ãšãã«ã¢ã»ããŒ
ããã¡ãã«ã»ããœã«ãã¢ã»ããŒãçã«æº¶è§£ããã®
ã¡ã芪氎æ§ã³ãã€ãã«åæ£ããããäžèšã®é«æ²žç¹
ææ©æº¶åªãšäœæ²žç¹ææ©æº¶åªãšã¯æ··åããŠçšããŠã
ããã åãç¹å ¬æ51â39853å·ãç¹éæ51â59943å·ã«
èšèŒãããŠããéåç©ã«ããåæ£æ³ã䜿çšããã
ãšãã§ããã ã«ãã©ãŒãã«ã«ãã³é žãã¹ã«ããªã³é žã®åŠãé ž
åºãæããå Žåã«ã¯ãã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãšããŠèŠª
æ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãäžã«å°å ¥ãããã æ¬çºæã®æå ææã®ä¹³å€å±€ãäžéå±€ã«çšããã
ãšã®ã§ããçµåå€ãŸãã¯ä¿è·ã³ãã€ããšããŠã¯ã
ãŒã©ãã³ãçšããã®ãæå©ã§ãããããã以å€ã®
芪氎æ§ã³ã€ãããåç¬ãããã¯ãŒã©ãã³ãšå ±ã«çš
ããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠãŒã©ãã³ã¯ç³ç°åŠçããããã®
ã§ããé žã䜿çšããŠåŠçããããã®ã§ãã©ã¡ãã§
ãããããŒã©ãã³ã®è£œæ³ã®è©³çŽ°ã¯ã¢ãŒãµãŒã»ãŽã¢
ã€ã¹èãã¶ã»ãã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã»ã±ãã¹ããª
ãŒã»ãªãã»ãŒã©ãã³ãïŒã¢ã«ãããã¯ã»ãã¬ã¹ã
1964幎çºè¡ïŒã«èšèŒãããã æ¬çºæã§çšããåçä¹³å€ã«ã¯çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãåç¬
ãŸãã¯æ··åããŠæ·»å ããŠãããã ãããã®å¡åžå©å€ãšããŠçšãããããã®ã§ãã
ãæãšããŠãã®ä»ã®ç®çãããšãã°ä¹³ååæ£ãå¢
æåçç¹æ§ã®æ¹è¯ã垯é»é²æ¢ãæ¥çé²æ¢ãªã©ã®ã
ãã«ãé©çšãããããããã®çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ã¯ãµãã
ã³ãªã©ã®å€©ç¶çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ã
ç³»ãã°ãªã»ãªã³ç³»ãã°ãªã·ããŒã«ç³»ãªã©ã®ãããª
ã³çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãé«çŽã¢ã«ãã«ã¢ãã³é¡ã第ïŒçŽã¢
ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©é¡ãããªãžã³ãã®ä»ã®è€çŽ ç°é¡ãã
ã¹ãããŠã åã¯ã¹ã«ãããŠã é¡ãªã©ã®ã«ããªã³ç
é¢æŽ»æ§å€ãã«ã«ãã³é žãã¹ã«ãã³é žãçé žãç¡«
é žããšã¹ãã«åºãçé žãšã¹ãã«åºçã®é žæ§åºãå«
ãã¢ããªã³çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãã¢ããé žé¡ãã¢ããã¹ã«
ãã³é žé¡ãã¢ããã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã®ç¡«é žãŸãã¯çé žãš
ã¹ãã«é¡çã®äž¡æ§æŽ»æ§å€ã«ãããããã ããã䜿çšãããçé¢æŽ»æ§å€ååç©äŸã®äžéšã¯
ç±³åœç¹èš±2271623å·ãå2240472å·ãå2288226å·ã
å2739891å·ãå3068101å·ãå3158484å·ãå
3201253å·ãå3210191å·ãå3294540å·ãå
3415649å·ãå3441413å·ãå3442654å·ãå
3475174å·ãå3545974å·ããã€ãç¹èš±åºé¡
1942665å·ãè±åœç¹èš±1077317å·ãå1198450å·ã
ã¯ãããå°ç°è¯å¹³ä»èãçé¢æŽ»æ§å€ã®åæãšãã®
å¿çšãïŒãæžåº1964幎çïŒããã³A.W.ããªã€è
ããµãŒããšã¹ã¢ã¯ãã€ããšãŒãžãšã³ããïŒã€ã³ã¿ãŒ
ãµã€ãšã³ã¹ãããªã±ãŒã·ã³ã€ã³ã³ãŒãã¬ãŒãã€ã
1958幎çïŒïŒJ.P.ã·ã¹ãªãŒèããšã³ãµã€ã¯ããã
ã€ã¢ ãªã ãµãŒããšã¹ã¢ã¯ãã€ããšãŒãžãšã³ã
第ïŒå·»ãïŒã±ãã«ã«ãããªãã·ãŠã«ã³ãããŒ1964
幎çïŒãªã©ã®ææžã«èšèŒãããŠããã æ¬çºæã«çšãããããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãå
åç©ãšããŠã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒãïŒã®ã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€
ããããšãã°ãšãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãããããã¬ã³â
ïŒïŒïŒâãªããµã€ããããã¬ã³âïŒïŒïŒâãªããµ
ã€ããªã©ã奜ãŸããã¯ãšãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãã®å°ã
ãšã10åäœããæãããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ã
ãšãæ°Žãèèªé žã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãè³éŠæã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã
èèªé žãææ©ã¢ãã³ãããã·ããŒã«èªå°äœãªã©ã®
掻æ§æ°ŽçŽ ååãå°ããšãïŒåæããååç©ãšã®çž®
åç©ãããã¯äºçš®ä»¥äžã®ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€
ãã®ãããã¯ã³ããªããŒãªã©ããããããšãã§ã
ããããªãã¡ãããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãååç©
ãšããŠãå ·äœçã«ã¯ ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«é¡ ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã¢ã«ãã«ãšãŒãã«é¡ ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã¢ãªãŒã«ãšãŒãã«é¡ ã ã ïŒã¢ã«ãã«ã¢ãªãŒ
ã«ïŒ ãšãŒãã«é¡ ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãšã¹ãã«é¡ ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«èèªé žã¢ããé¡ ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã¢ãã³é¡ ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã»ãããã¯å ±éåäœ ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã°ã©ããéåç© ãªã©ãçšããããšãã§ãããååéã¯600以äžã§
ããããšãå¿ èŠã§ããã ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãéã¯ååäžã«äžã€ãš
ã¯éãããäºã€ä»¥äžå«ãŸããŠãããããã®å Žå
åã ã®ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãéã10ããå°ã
ã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãåäœããæã€ãŠããããã
ååäžã®ã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãåäœã®åèšã¯å°ã
ãšã10ã§ãªããã°ãªããªããååäžã«äºã€ä»¥äžã®
ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãéãæããå Žåããã
ãã®åã ã¯ç°ãã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãåäœãããš
ãã°ãšãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ããšãããã¬ã³ãªããµã€ã
ããæã€ãŠããŠããããæ¬çºæã§çšããããªã¢ã«
ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãååç©ã¯ã奜ãŸããã¯14以äž
100ãŸã§ã®ã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãåäœãå«ããã®
ã§ããã æ¬çºæã§äœµçšã§ããããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ã
ååç©ã®å ·äœäŸãããããšæ¬¡ã®åŠãã§ããã ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãååç©äŸ
ãè¡šã
ãè¡šã
ãªã©ç¹éæ50â156423å·ãç¹éæ52â108130å·ã
ãã³ç¹éæ53â3217å·ã«èšèŒãããããªã¢ã«ãã¬
ã³ãªããµã€ãååç©ãçšããããšãã§ããããã
ãã®ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãååç©ã¯äžçš®é¡ã®
ã¿ãçšããŠããäºçš®é¡ä»¥äžçµåããŠçšããŠãã
ãã ãããã®ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãååç©ãã
ãã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã«æ·»å ããå Žåã«ã¯ãé©åœãªæ¿åºŠ
ã®æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãšããŠãããã¯æ°Žãšæ··åãããäœæ²žç¹ã®
ææ©æº¶åªã«æº¶è§£ããŠãå¡åžåã®é©åœãªææã奜ãŸ
ããã¯ãååŠçæã®åŸã«ä¹³å€ã«æ·»å ããããšãã§
ãããæ¬çºæã«çšããããããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªãã·
ãååç©ã¯ïŒÃ10-5ã¢ã«ãªããïŒÃ10-2ã¢ã«ã®ç¯
å²ãæãŸããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããåçæå ææã®åçä¹³å€å±€
ã«ã¯ããã²ã³åéãšããŠèåéãæ²èåéãæ²å¡©
èåéãå¡©èåéåã³å¡©åéã®ããããçšããŠã
ããã奜ãŸããããã²ã³åéã¯15ã¢ã«ïŒ 以äžã®æ²
åéãå«ãæ²èåéã§ãããç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã®ã¯ïŒ
ã¢ã«ïŒ ãã12ã¢ã«ïŒ ãŸã§ã®æ²åéãå«ãæ²èåé
ã§ããã åçä¹³å€äžã®ããã²ã³åéç²åã®å¹³åç²åãµã€
ãºïŒçç¶ãŸãã¯çã«è¿äŒŒã®ç²åã®å Žåã¯ç²åçŽ
åŸãç«æ¹äœç²åã®å Žåã¯çšé·ãç²åãµã€ãºãšãã
æ圱é¢ç©ã«ããšããå¹³åã§è¡šãããïŒã¯ç¹ã«åã
ãªãã3Ό以äžã奜ãŸããã ç²åãµã€ãºã¯çããŠãåºããŠããããã§ãã
ãã åçä¹³å€äžã®ããã²ã³åéç²åã¯ãç«æ¹äœãå «
æ¹äœã®ãããªèŠåçãªçµæ¶äœãæãããã®ã§ãã
ãããŸãçç¶ãæ¿ç¶ãªã©ã®ãããªå€åçãªçµæ¶äœ
ãæã€ãã®ãæãã¯ãããã®çµæ¶åœ¢ã®è€å圢ã§ã
ãããçš®ã ã®çµæ¶åœ¢ã®ç²åã®æ··åããæã€ãŠãã
ãã ãŸãç²åã®çŽåŸããã®åã¿ã®ïŒå以äžã®è¶ å¹³æ¿
ã®ããã²ã³åéç²åãå šæ圱é¢ç©ã®50ïŒ ä»¥äžãå
ãããããªä¹³å€ã䜿çšããŠãããã ããã²ã³åéç²åã¯å éšãšè¡šå±€ãšãç°ãªãçžã
ãã€ãŠããŠãããããŸãæœåãäž»ãšããŠè¡šé¢ã«åœ¢
æããããããªç²åã§ããããç²åå éšã«äž»ãšã
ãŠåœ¢æããããããªç²åã§ãã€ãŠãããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããåçä¹³å€ã¯P.Glafkidesè
Chimie et Physique PhotographiqueïŒPaul
Montel瀟åã1967幎ïŒãG.F.Duffinè
Photographic Emulsion ChemistryïŒThe Focal
Pressåã1966幎ïŒãV.L.Zelikman et alè
Making and Coating Photographic Emulsion
ïŒThe Focal Pressåã1964幎ïŒãªã©ã«èšèŒãã
ãæ¹æ³ãçšããŠèª¿æŽããããšãã§ãããå³ã¡ãé ž
æ§æ³ãäžæ§æ³ãã¢ã³ã¢ãã¢æ³çã®ãããã§ãã
ããåå¯æº¶æ§éå¡©ãšå¯æº¶æ§ããã²ã³å¡©ãåå¿ãã
ã圢åŒãšããŠã¯ãçåŽæ··åæ³ãåææ··åæ³ããã
ãã®çµåããªã©ã®ããããçšããŠãããã ç²åãéã€ãªã³éå°ã®äžã«ãããŠåœ¢æãããæ¹
æ³ïŒããããéæ··åæ³ïŒãçšããããšãã§ããã
åææ··åæ³ã®äžã€ã®ååŒãšããŠããã²ã³åéã®ç
æããã液çžäžã®pAgãäžå®ã«ä¿ã€æ¹æ³ãå³ã¡ã
ããããã³ã³ãããŒã«ããããã«ãžãšããæ³ãçš
ããããšãã§ããã ãã®æ¹æ³ã«ãããšãçµæ¶åœ¢ãèŠåçã§ç²åãµã€
ãºãåäžã«è¿ãããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ãåŸãããã å¥ã ã«åœ¢æããïŒçš®ä»¥äžã®ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã
æ··åããŠçšããŠãããã ããã²ã³åéç²å圢æåã¯ç©ççæã®éçšã«ã
ããŠãã«ãããŠã å¡©ãäºéå¡©ãéå¡©ãã¿ãªãŠã
å¡©ãã€ãªãžãŠã å¡©åã¯ãã®é¯å¡©ãããžãŠã å¡©åã¯
ãã®é¯å¡©ãéå¡©åã¯éé¯å¡©ãªã©ããå ±åãããŠã
ããã ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã¯ãéåžžã¯ååŠå¢æãããã
ååŠå¢æã®ããã«ã¯ãäŸãã°H.Frieser ç·š
âDie Grundlagen der Photographischen
Prozesse mit Silberhalogenidenâ
ïŒAkademische VerlagsgesellschaftïŒ1968ïŒ675
ã734é ã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ãçšããããšãã§ããã ããªãã¡ã掻æ§ãŒã©ãã³ãéãšåå¿ãããç¡«é»
ãå«ãååç©ïŒäŸãã°ãããªç¡«é žå¡©ãããªå°¿çŽ
é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ããååç©é¡ãããŒããã³é¡ïŒãçšã
ãç¡«é»å¢ææ³ïŒéå æ§ç©è³ªïŒäŸãã°ã第äžãã
å¡©ããã¢ãã³é¡ãããã©ãžã³èªå°äœããã«ã ã¢ã
ãžã³ã¹ã«ãã€ã³é žãã·ã©ã³ååç©ïŒãéå å¢æ
æ³ïŒè²Žéå±ååç©ïŒäŸãã°ãéé¯å¡©ã®ã»ãPtã
IrãPdãªã©ã®åšæåŸè¡šæã®éå±ã®é¯å¡©ïŒãçš
ãã貎éå±å¢ææ³ãªã©ãåç¬ãŸãã¯çµã¿åãããŠ
çšããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããåçä¹³å€ã«ã¯ãæå ææã®
補é å·¥çšãä¿åäžãããã¯åçåŠçäžã®ã«ããªã
é²æ¢ãããããã¯åçæ§èœãå®å®åãããç®ç
ã§ãçš®ã ã®ååç©ãå«æãããããšãã§ãããã
ãªãã¡ã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ãäŸãã°ãã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãªãŠã
å¡©ããããã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãããããã³ãºã€ãã
ãŸãŒã«é¡ãã¯ãããã³ãºã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãããã¢
ãã³ãºã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãããã¢ãŸãŒã«
é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãããã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãã
ãã³ãºã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãããã¢ãžã¢ãŸãŒ
ã«é¡ãã¢ããããªã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ããã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒ
ã«é¡ãããããã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãã
ããã©ãŸãŒã«é¡ïŒç¹ã«ïŒâããšãã«âïŒâã¡ã«ã«
ããããã©ãŸãŒã«ïŒãªã©ïŒã¡ã«ã«ããããªããžã³
é¡ïŒã¡ã«ã«ããããªã¢ãžã³é¡ïŒããšãã°ãªããµã
ãªã³ããªã³ã®ãããªããªã±ãååç©ïŒã¢ã¶ã€ã³ã
ã³é¡ãããšãã°ããªã¢ã¶ã€ã³ãã³é¡ãããã©ã¢ã¶
ã€ã³ãã³é¡ïŒç¹ã«ïŒâããããã·çœ®æïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒ
3aïŒïŒïŒããã©ã¢ã¶ã€ã³ãã³é¡ïŒããã³ã¿ã¢ã¶ã€
ã³ãã³é¡ãªã©ïŒãã³ãŒã³ããªã¹ã«ããªã³é žããã³
ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã€ã³é žããã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ããªã³é žã¢ãã
çã®ãããªã«ããªé²æ¢å€ãŸãã¯å®å®å€ãšããŠç¥ã
ãããå€ãã®ååç©ãå ããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã®åçæå ææã®åçä¹³å€å±€ã«ã¯æ床äž
æãã³ã³ãã©ã¹ãäžæããŸãã¯çŸåä¿é²ã®ç®ç
ã§ãããªãšãŒãã«ååç©ãããªã¢ã«ããªãªã³é¡ã
åçŽã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©ååç©ããŠã¬ã¿ã³èªå°äœãå°¿
çŽ èªå°äœãã€ãããŸãŒã«èªå°äœãïŒâãã©ãŸãªã
ã³é¡çãå«ãã§ãããã æ¬çºæã«çšããåçæå ææã«ã¯ãåçä¹³å€å±€
ãã®ä»ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«å¯žåºŠå®å®æ§ã®æ¹è¯ãª
ã©ã®ç®çã§ãæ°Žäžæº¶åã¯é£æº¶æ§åæããªããŒã®å
æ£ç©ãå«ãããšãã§ãããäŸãã°ã¢ã«ãã«ïŒã¡
ã¿ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒããã¢ã«ã³ãã·ã¢ã«ãã«ïŒã¡ã¿ïŒ
ã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒããã°ãªã·ãžã«ïŒã¡ã¿ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒ
ããïŒã¡ã¿ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã«ã¢ãããããã«ãšã¹ãã«
ïŒäŸãã°é ¢é žããã«ïŒãã¢ã¯ãªããããªã«ããªã¬ã
ã€ã³ãã¹ãã¬ã³ãªã©ã®åç¬ãããã¯çµåããåã¯
ããããšã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãã¡ã¿ã¯ãªã«é žãαïŒÎ²âäž
飜åãžã«ã«ãã³é žãããããã·ã¢ã«ãã«ïŒã¡ã¿ïŒ
ã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒããã¹ã«ãã¢ã«ãã«ïŒã¡ã¿ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã¬
ãŒããã¹ãã¬ã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žçã®çµåããåéäœæ
åãšããããªããŒãçšããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããåçä¹³å€ã¯ãã¡ãã³è²çŽ é¡
ãã®ä»ã«ãã€ãŠåå å¢æãããŠããããçšããã
ãè²çŽ ã«ã¯ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ã
è€åã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãè€åã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ããã
ããŒã©ãŒã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãããã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãã¹ã
ãªã«è²çŽ ããã³ãããªããœããŒã«è²çŽ ãå å«ãã
ããç¹ã«æçšãªè²çŽ ã¯ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãã¡ãã·ã¢
ãã³è²çŽ ãããã³è€åã®ã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ã«å±ã
ãè²çŽ ã§ããããããã®è²çŽ é¡ã«ã¯ãå¡©åºæ§ç°ç¯
ç°æ žãšããŠã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ é¡ã«éåžžå©çšãããæ žã®
ãããããé©çšã§ãããããªãã¡ããããªã³æ žã
ãªããµãŸãªã³æ žããã¢ãŸãªã³æ žããããŒã«æ žããª
ããµãŸãŒã«æ žããã¢ãŸãŒã«æ žãã»ã¬ããŸãŒã«æ žã
ã€ãããŸãŒã«æ žãããã©ãŸãŒã«æ žãããªãžã³æ žãª
ã©ïŒãããã®æ žã«èç°åŒçåæ°ŽçŽ ç°ãèåãã
æ žïŒåã³ãããã®æ žã«è³éŠæçåæ°ŽçŽ ç°ãèåã
ãæ žãå³ã¡ãã€ã³ãã¬ãã³æ žããã³ãºã€ã³ãã¬ã
ã³æ žãã€ã³ããŒã«æ žããã³ãºãªããµããŒã«æ žãã
ãããªããµãŸãŒã«æ žãããã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãŒã«æ žãã
ãããã¢ãŸãŒã«æ žããã³ãŸã»ã¬ããŸãŒã«æ žããã³
ãºã€ãããŸãŒã«æ žããããªã³æ žãªã©ãé©çšã§ã
ãããããã®æ žã¯ççŽ ååäžã«çœ®æãããŠããŠã
ããã ã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãŸãã¯è€åã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ
ã«ã¯ã±ãã¡ãã¬ã³æ§é ãæããæ žãšããŠããã©ãŸ
ãªã³âïŒâãªã³æ žãããªããã³ãã€ã³æ žãïŒâã
ãªãªããµãŸãªã³ãžã³âïŒïŒïŒâãžãªã³æ žãããªãŸ
ãªãžã³âïŒïŒïŒâãžãªã³æ žãããŒããã³æ žãããª
ãã«ãããŒã«é žæ žãªã©ã®ïŒãïŒå¡ç°ç¯ç°æ žãé©çš
ããããšãã§ããã ãããã®å¢æè²çŽ ã¯åç¬ã«çšããŠãããããã
ããã®çµåããçšããŠããããå¢æè²çŽ ã®çµåã
ã¯ç¹ã«ã匷è²å¢æã®ç®çã§ãã°ãã°çšããããã å¢æè²çŽ ãšãšãã«ãããèªèº«åå å¢æäœçšãã
ããªãè²çŽ ãããã¯å¯èŠå ãå®è³ªçã«åžåããªã
ç©è³ªã§ãã€ãŠã匷è²å¢æã瀺ãç©è³ªãä¹³å€äžã«å«
ãã§ããããäŸãã°ãå«çªçŽ ç°ç¯ç°åºã§çœ®æãã
ãã¢ããã¹ãã«ååç©ïŒããšãã°ç±³åœç¹èš±
2933390å·ãå3635721å·ã«èšèŒã®ãã®ïŒãè³éŠæ
ææ©é žãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããçž®åç©ïŒããšãã°ç±³åœç¹
èš±3743510å·ã«èšèŒã®ãã®ïŒãã«ãããŠã å¡©ãã¢ã¶
ã€ã³ãã³ååç©ãªã©ãå«ãã§ããããæ¬çºæã¯ã
æ¯æäœã¯ã«å°ãªããšãïŒã€ã®ç°ãªãåå æ床ãæ
ããå€å±€å€è²åçææã«ãé©çšã§ãããå€å±€å€©ç¶
è²åçææã¯ãéåžžãæ¯æäœäžã«èµ€ææ§ä¹³å€å±€ã
ç·ææ§ä¹³å€å±€ãåã³éææ§ä¹³å€å±€ãåã å°ãªããš
ãäžã€æããããããã®å±€ã®é åºã¯å¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠ
ä»»æã«éžã¹ããèµ€ææ§ä¹³å€å±€ã«ã·ã¢ã³åœ¢æã«ãã©
ãŒããç·ææ§ä¹³å€å±€ã«ããŒã³ã¿åœ¢æã«ãã©ãŒãã
éææ§ä¹³å€å±€ã«ã€ãšããŒåœ¢æã«ãã©ãŒããããã
å«ãã®ãéåžžã§ããããå Žåã«ããç°ãªãçµåã
ããšãããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæãçšããŠäœãããåçæå ææã®åäžã
ããã¯ä»ã®åçä¹³å€å±€ãŸãã¯éæå æ§å±€ã«ã¯åèš
ã®æ¬é¡ã®ååç©ãšå ±ã«ãä»ã®è²çŽ 圢æã«ãã©ãŒã
å³ã¡ãçºè²çŸååŠçã«ãããŠè³éŠæïŒçŽã¢ãã³çŸ
åè¬ïŒäŸãã°ãããšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³èªå°äœããã¢
ããããšããŒã«èªå°äœãªã©ïŒãšã®é žåã«ãããªã³
ã°ã«ãã€ãŠçºè²ãããååç©ãçšããŠããããäŸ
ãã°ããŒã³ã¿ã«ãã©ãŒãšããŠãïŒâãã©ãŸãã³ã«
ãã©ãŒããã©ãŸããã³ãã€ãããŸãŒã«ã«ãã©ãŒã
ãã©ãŸãã€ãããŸãŒã«ã«ãã©ãŒããã©ãŸããã©ãŸ
ãŒã«ã«ãã©ãŒããã©ãŸãããªã¢ãŸãŒã«ã«ãã©ãŒã
ãã©ãŸãããã©ãŸãŒã«ã«ãã©ãŒãã·ã¢ãã¢ã»ãã«
ã¯ããã³ã«ãã©ãŒãééã¢ã·ã«ã¢ã»ããããªã«ã«
ãã©ãŒçããããã€ãšããŒã«ãã©ãŒãšããŠãã¢ã·
ã«ã¢ã»ãã¢ããã«ãã©ãŒïŒäŸãã°ãã³ãŸã€ã«ã¢ã»
ãã¢ããªãé¡ããããã€ã«ã¢ã»ãã¢ããªãé¡ïŒã
çããããã·ã¢ã³ã«ãã©ãŒãšããŠãããããŒã«ã«
ãã©ãŒãåã³ããšããŒã«ã«ãã©ãŒçãããããã
ãã®ã«ãã©ãŒã¯ååäžã«ãã©ã¹ãåºãšãã°ããç
æ°Žåºãæããéæ¡æ£æ§ã®ãã®ããŸãã¯ããªããŒå
ããããã®ãæãŸãããã«ãã©ãŒã¯ãéã€ãªã³ã«
察ãïŒåœéæ§ãããã¯ïŒåœéæ§ã®ã©ã¡ãã§ãã
ããåãè²è£æ£ã®å¹æããã€ã«ã©ãŒãã«ãã©ãŒã
ãããã¯çŸåã«ãšããªã€ãŠçŸåæå¶å€ãæŸåºãã
ã«ãã©ãŒïŒããããDIRã«ãã©ãŒïŒã§ãã€ãŠãã
ãã åãDIRã«ãã©ãŒä»¥å€ã«ããã«ãããªã³ã°åå¿
ã®çæç©ãç¡è²ã§ãã€ãŠãçŸåæå¶å€ãæŸåºãã
ç¡åè²DIRã«ãããªã³ã°ååç©ãå«ãã§ãããã
DIRã«ãã©ãŒä»¥å€ã«çŸåã«ãšããªã€ãŠçŸåæå¶å€
ãæŸåºããååç©ãæå ææäžã«å«ãã§ãããã æ¬çºæã®ã«ãã©ãŒåã³äžèšã«ãã©ãŒçã¯ãæå
ææã«æ±ããããç¹æ§ãæºè¶³ããããã«åäžå±€ã«
äºçš®é¡ä»¥äžã䜵çšããããšãã§ããããåäžã®å
åç©ãç°ãªã€ãïŒå±€ä»¥äžã«æ·»å ããããšãããã¡
ããå·®æ¯ããªãã æ¬çºæã®åçæå ææã«ã¯ãåçä¹³å€å±€ãã®ä»
ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«ç¡æ©ãŸãã¯ææ©ã®ç¡¬èå€ã
å«æããŠãããäŸãã°ã¯ãã å¡©ïŒã¯ãã ããšãŠã
ã³ãé ¢é žã¯ãã ãªã©ïŒãã¢ã«ãããé¡ãïŒãã«ã ã¢
ã«ããããã°ãªãªããµãŒã«ãã°ã«ã¿ãŒã«ã¢ã«ãã
ããªã©ïŒãâã¡ãããŒã«ååç©ïŒãžã¡ãããŒã«
å°¿çŽ ãã¡ãããŒã«ãžã¡ãã«ããã³ãã€ã³ãªã©ïŒã
ãžãªããµã³èªå°äœïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ãžãªã
ãµã³ãªã©ïŒã掻æ§ããã«ååç©ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâã
ãªã¢ã¯ãªãã€ã«âãããµãããâïœâããªã¢ãž
ã³ãïŒïŒïŒâããã«ã¹ã«ããã«âïŒâãããããŒ
ã«ãªã©ïŒã掻æ§ããã²ã³ååç©ïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžã¯ã
ã«âïŒâããããã·âïœâããªã¢ãžã³ãªã©ïŒãã
ã³ããã²ã³é žé¡ïŒã ã³ã¯ãã«é žãã ã³ããšããã·
ã¯ãã«é žãªã©ïŒããªã©ãåç¬ãŸãã¯çµã¿åãããŠ
çšããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæãçšããŠäœãããæå ææã«ãããŠã芪
æ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«ææã玫å€ç·åžåå€ãªã©ãå«æ
ãããå Žåã«ããããã¯ãã«ããªã³æ§ããªããŒãª
ã©ã«ãã€ãŠåªæãããŠãããã æ¬çºæãçšããŠäœãããæå ææã¯ãè²ã«ããª
é²æ¢å€ãšããŠããã€ããããã³èªå°äœãã¢ããã
ãšããŒã«èªå°äœã没é£åé žèªå°äœãã¢ã¹ã³ã«ãã³
é žèªå°äœãªã©ãå«æããŠãããã æ¬çºæãçšããŠäœãããæå ææã«ã¯ã芪氎æ§
ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«çŽ«å€ç·åžåå€ãå«ãã§ããããäŸã
ã°ãã¢ãªãŒã«åºã§çœ®æããããã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒã«
ååç©ïŒäŸãã°ç±³åœç¹èš±3533794å·ã«èšèŒã®ã
ã®ïŒãïŒâãã¢ãŸãªãã³ååç©ïŒäŸãã°ç±³åœç¹èš±
3314794å·ãå3352681å·ã«èšèŒã®ãã®ïŒããã³ãŸ
ããšãã³ååç©ïŒäŸãã°ç¹éæ46â2784å·ã«èšèŒ
ã®ãã®ïŒãã±ã€ãé žãšã¹ãã«ååç©ïŒäŸãã°ç±³åœ
ç¹èš±3705805å·ãå3707375å·ã«èšèŒã®ãã®ïŒãã
ã¿ãžãšã³ååç©ïŒäŸãã°ç±³åœç¹èš±4045229å·ã«èš
èŒã®ãã®ïŒããããã¯ããã³ãŸãªãã·ããŒã«åå
ç©ïŒäŸãã°ç±³åœç¹èš±3700455å·ã«èšèŒã®ãã®ïŒã
çšããããšãã§ããã玫å€ç·åžåæ§ã®ã«ãã©ãŒ
ïŒäŸãã°Î±âããããŒã«ç³»ã®ã·ã¢ã³è²çŽ 圢æã«ã
ã©ãŒïŒãã玫å€ç·åžåæ§ã®ããªããŒãªã©ãçšããŠ
ãããããããã®çŽ«å€ç·åžåå€ã¯ç¹å®ã®å±€ã«åªæ
ãããŠããŠãããã æ¬çºæãçšããŠäœãããæå ææã«ã¯ã芪氎æ§
ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«ãã€ã«ã¿ãŒææãšããŠããããã¯ã€
ã©ãžãšãŒã·ãšã³é²æ¢ãã®ä»çš®ã ã®ç®çã§æ°Žæº¶æ§æ
æãå«æããŠããŠãããããã®ãããªææã«ã¯ã
ãªããœããŒã«ææããããªããœããŒã«ææãã¹ã
ãªã«ææãã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³ææãã·ã¢ãã³ææåã³
ã¢ãŸææãå å«ãããããªãã§ããªããœããŒã«æ
æïŒãããªããœããŒã«ææåã³ã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³ææ
ãæçšã§ããã æ¬çºæãå®æœããã«éããŠãäžèšã®å ¬ç¥ã®éè²
é²æ¢å€ã䜵çšããããšãã§ãããŸãæ¬çºæã«çšã
ãè²åå®å®å€ã¯åç¬ãŸãã¯ïŒçš®ä»¥äžäœµçšããããš
ãã§ãããå ¬ç¥ã®éè²é²æ¢å€ãšããŠã¯ããã€ãã
ããã³èªå°äœã没é£åé žèªå°äœãïœâã¢ã«ã³ãã·
ããšããŒã«é¡ãïœâãªãã·ããšããŒã«èªå°äœåã³
ãã¹ããšããŒã«é¡çãããã æ¬çºæã®ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææã®çŸåæ¹æ³
ã«ã€ããŠã¯ç¹ã«å¶éã¯ãªããäŸãã°Research
Disclosure 176å·»28ã30é ã«èšèŒãããŠãããã
ãªãå ¬ç¥ã®æ¹æ³åã³å ¬ç¥ã®åŠç液ã®ãããããé©
çšããããšãã§ããããã®åçåŠçã¯ãç®çã«å¿
ããŠãéç»åã圢æããåçåŠçïŒé»çœåçåŠ
çïŒããããã¯è²çŽ åã圢æããåçåŠçïŒã«ã©
ãŒåçåŠçïŒã®ãããã§ãã€ãŠããããåŠç枩床
ã¯æ®é18âãã50âã®éã«éžã°ãããã18âãã
äœã枩床ãŸãã¯50âãè¶ãã枩床ãšããŠãããã è²çŽ åã圢æããå Žåã«ã¯åžžæ³ãé©çšã§ããã
ããšãã°ããã¬ããžæ³ïŒäŸãã°âJournal of the
Society of Motion Picture and Television
EngineersâïŒ61å·»ïŒ1953幎ïŒã667ã701é ã«èšèŒ
ãããŠããïŒïŒé»çœçŸåäž»è¬ãå«ãçŸå液ãšã§çŸ
åããŠãã¬éåãã€ãããã€ãã§å°ãªããšãäžå
ã®äžæ§ãªé²å ãŸãã¯ä»ã®é©åœãªã«ããªåŠçãè¡ãª
ããåŒãç¶ããŠçºè²çŸåãè¡ãªãããšã«ããè²çŽ
éœç»åãåŸãã«ã©ãŒå転æ³ïŒè²çŽ ãå«ãåçä¹³å€
å±€ãé²å åŸçŸåããŠéç»åãã€ããããããæŒçœ
觊åªãšããŠè²çŽ ãæŒçœããéè²çŽ æŒçœæ³ãªã©ãçš
ããããã ã«ã©ãŒçŸå液ã¯ãäžè¬ã«ãçºè²çŸåäž»è¬ãå«ã
ã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ããæããçºè²çŸåäž»è¬ã¯å ¬ç¥
ã®äžè¬è³éŠæã¢ãã³çŸåå€ãäŸãã°ããšãã¬ã³ãž
ã¢ãã³é¡ïŒäŸãã°ïŒâã¢ããâïŒïŒ®âãžãšãã«
ã¢ããªã³ãïŒâã¡ãã«âïŒâã¢ããâïŒïŒ®âãž
ãšãã«ã¢ããªã³ãïŒâã¢ããââãšãã«ââ
βâããããã·ãšãã«ã¢ããªã³ãïŒâã¡ãã«âïŒ
âã¢ããââãšãã«ââβâããããã·ãšã
ã«ã¢ããªã³ãïŒâã¡ãã«âïŒâã¢ããââãšã
ã«ââβâã¡ã¿ã³ã¹ã«ãã¢ãããšãã«ã¢ããª
ã³ãïŒâã¢ããâïŒâã¡ãã«ââãšãã«ââ
βâã¡ããã·ãšãã«ã¢ããªã³ãªã©ïŒãçšããããš
ãã§ããã ãã®ä»L.F.A.MasonèPhotographic
Processing ChemistryïŒFocal Pressåã1966幎ïŒ
ã®P226ã229ãç±³åœç¹èš±2193015å·ãå2592364
å·ãç¹éæ48â64933å·ãªã©ã«èšèŒã®ãã®ãçšã
ãŠãããã ã«ã©ãŒçŸå液ã¯ãã®ä»ãã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ã®äºç¡«é ž
å¡©ãçé žå¡©ãããŠé žå¡©ãåã³ãªã³é žå¡©ã®åŠãPHç·©
è¡å€ãèåç©ãæ²åç©ãåã³ææ©ã«ããªé²æ¢å€ã®
åŠãçŸåæå¶å€ãªãããã«ããªé²æ¢å€ãªã©ãå«ã
ããšãã§ãããåå¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠã硬氎è»åå€ãã
ãããã·ã«ã¢ãã³ã®åŠãä¿æå€ããã³ãžã«ã¢ã«ã³
ãŒã«ããžãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã®åŠãææ©æº¶å€ãã
ãªãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãåçŽã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©ãã¢
ãã³é¡ã®åŠãçŸåä¿é²å€ãè²çŽ 圢æã«ãã©ãŒã競
äºã«ãã©ãŒããããªãŠã ããã³ãã€ãã©ã€ãã®åŠ
ããã¶ããå€ãïŒâããšãã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³
ã®åŠãè£å©çŸåè¬ãç²æ§ä»äžå€ãããªã«ã«ãã³é ž
ç³»ãã¬ãŒãå€ãé žåé²æ¢å€ãªã©ãå«ãã§ãããã çºè²çŸååŸã®åçä¹³å€å±€ã¯éåžžæŒçœåŠçãã
ããæŒçœåŠçã¯ãå®çåŠçãšåæã«è¡ãããŠãã
ãããåå¥ã«è¡ãããŠããããæŒçœå€ãšããŠã¯ã
äŸãã°éïŒïŒãã³ãã«ãïŒïŒãã¯ãã ïŒïŒã
é ïŒïŒãªã©ã®å€äŸ¡éå±ã®ååç©ãéé žé¡ããã
ã³é¡ãããããœååç©çãçšããããã äŸãã°ãããšãªã·ã¢ã³åç©ãéã¯ãã é žå¡©ãé
ïŒïŒãŸãã¯ã³ãã«ãïŒïŒã®ææ©é¯å¡©ãäŸãã°
ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³åé ¢é žããããªãããªé ¢é žã
ïŒïŒïŒâãžã¢ããâïŒâãããããŒã«åé ¢é žãªã©
ã®ã¢ããããªã«ã«ãã³é žé¡ããã¯ã¯ãšã³é žãé ç³
é žããªã³ãŽé žãªã©ã®ææ©é žã®é¯å¡©ïŒéç¡«é žå¡©ãé
ãã³ã¬ã³é žå¡©ïŒããããœããšããŒã«ãªã©ãçšãã
ããšãã§ããããããã®ãã¡ããšãªã·ã¢ã³åã«
ãªããšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³åé ¢é žéïŒïŒãããªãŠã
åã³ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³åé ¢é žéïŒïŒã¢ã³ã¢ããŠ
ã ã¯ç¹ã«æçšã§ããããšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³åé ¢é žé
ïŒïŒé¯å¡©ã¯ç¬ç«ã®æŒçœæ¶²ã«ãããŠããäžæµŽæŒçœ
å®ç液ã«ãããŠãæçšã§ããã å®ç液ãšããŠã¯äžè¬ã«çšããããçµæã®ãã®ã
䜿çšããããšãã§ãããå®çå€ãšããŠã¯ããªç¡«é ž
å¡©ãããªã·ã¢ã³é žå¡©ã®ã»ããå®çå€ãšããŠã®å¹æ
ã®ç¥ãããŠããææ©ç¡«é»ååç©ã䜿çšããããšã
ã§ãããå®ç液ã«ã¯ç¡¬èå€ãšããŠæ°Žæº¶æ§ã¢ã«ãã
ãŠã å¡©ãå«ãã§ãããã é»çœåçåŠçããå Žåã«çšããçŸå液ã¯ãç¥ã
ããŠããçŸåäž»è¬ãå«ãããšãã§ãããçŸåäž»è¬
ãšããŠã¯ããžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³é¡ïŒããšãã°ã
ã€ããããã³ïŒãïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³é¡ïŒããšãã°
ïŒâããšãã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³ïŒãã¢ããããš
ããŒã«é¡ïŒããšãã°ïŒ®âã¡ãã«âïœâã¢ããããš
ããŒã«ïŒãªã©ãåç¬ãããã¯çµåããŠçšããããš
ãã§ãããçŸå液ã«ã¯äžè¬ã«ãã®ä»å ¬ç¥ã®ä¿æ
å€ãã¢ã«ã«ãªå€ãPHç·©è¡å€ãã«ããªé²æ¢å€ãªã©ã
å«ã¿ãããã«å¿ èŠã«å¿ã溶解å©å€ãè²èª¿å€ãçŸå
ä¿é²å€ãçé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãæ¶æ³¡å€ã硬氎è»åå€ã硬è
å€ãç²æ§ä»äžå€ãªã©ãå«ãã§ãããã æ¬çºæã®åçä¹³å€ã«ã¯ãããããããªã¹åãã®
çŸååŠçãé©çšããããšãã§ãããããªã¹åãçŸ
ååŠçãšã¯ç·ç»åã®ãåççåçŸããããã¯ããŒ
ãããŒã³ç»åã®ç¶²ç¹ã«ããåççåçŸã®ããã«ã
éåžžãžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³é¡ãçŸåäž»è¬ãšããäœ
ãäºç¡«é žã€ãªã³ã®æ¿åºŠã®äžã§ãçŸåéçšãäŒæç
ã«è¡ãªãããçŸååŠçã®ããšãããïŒè©³çŽ°ã¯ã¡ãŒ
ã¹ã³èãããªãã°ã©ãã€ãã¯ã»ããã»ãã·ã³ã°ã»
ã±ãã¹ããªãŒãïŒ1966幎ïŒ163ã165ããŒãžã«èšè¿°
ãããŠããïŒã ïŒå®æœäŸïŒ 以äžãå®æœäŸã«ããæ¬çºæã詳现ã«èª¬æãã
ããæ¬çºæã¯ãããã«éå®ãããããšã¯ãªãã å®æœäŸ ïŒ æ¬çºæã«ããããããã¯ãããåçè©Šè¬ã®æå¹
æ§ã«ã€ããŠãæ¬çºæã®ååç©ããã³ãããã®å¯Ÿç §
ïŒæ¯èŒïŒååç©ãè©äŸ¡ããããã«ãäžå¡ãå±€ãèš
ããŠããäžé ¢é žã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã€ã«ã æ¯æäœäžã«ã
第ïŒè¡šã«ç€ºããã«ããªé²æ¢å€ããã³æ¬çºæã®ãã
ãã¯ãããåçè©Šè¬ïŒãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒïŒãã«ãã©ãŒ
ïŒCpâïŒïŒãšãšãã«ããªã¯ã¬ãžã«ããªã¹ããšãŒã
ã«æº¶è§£ãä¹³åããŠæ·»å ããä¹³å€å±€ãå¡åžããããš
ã«ãããè©Šæãã調補ãããåç©è³ªã®å¡åžé
ã¯ïœïŒm2ãŸãã¯molm2ãšããŠã«ãã³å ã«ç€ºããã (1) ä¹³å€å±€ ãã¬åãšãŠèåéä¹³å€ãç²åãµã€ãº1.4ÎŒ
ïŒé1.6Ã10-2molïŒm2ïŒ ããŒã³ã¿ã«ãã©ãŒ CpâïŒ
ïŒ1.33Ã10-3molïŒm2ïŒ ã«ããªé²æ¢å€ãŸãã¯æ¬çºæã®ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒåå
ç© ïŒç¬¬ïŒè¡šã«æèšïŒ ãŒã©ãã³ ïŒ2.50ïœïŒm2ïŒ (2) ä¿è·å±€ ãŒã©ãã³ ïŒ1.30ïœïŒm2ïŒ ïŒïŒïŒâãžã¯ããâïŒâããããã·âïœâããª
ã¢ãžã³ãããªãŠã å¡© ïŒ0.05ïœïŒm2ïŒ ãããã®ãã€ã«ã ã40âãçžå¯Ÿæ¹¿åºŠ70ïŒ ã®æ¡ä»¶
äžã«14æéæŸçœ®ããåŸãã»ã³ã·ãã¡ããªâçšåæ§
é²å ãäžãã次ã®ã«ã©ãŒçŸååŠçãè¡ãªã€ãã ã«ã©ãŒçŸååŠçå·¥çš æé 枩床 ïŒ ã«ã©ãŒçŸå 3â²15â³ 38â ïŒ æŒ çœ 6â²30â³ ã ïŒ æ°Ž æŽ 2â² ã ïŒ å® ç 4â² ã ïŒ æ°Ž æŽ 4â² ã ïŒ å® å® 1â² ã ããã§ã«ã©ãŒçŸååŠçå·¥çšã®ååŠç液çµæã¯ä»¥
äžã®åŠãã§ããã ã«ã©ãŒçŸå液 æ°Ž 800ml ïŒâïŒïŒ®âãšãã«ââããããã·ãšãã«ïŒã¢
ããâïŒâã¡ãã«ã¢ããªã³ã»ç¡«é žå¡© ïŒïœ äºç¡«é žãããªãŠã ïŒïœ ããããã·ã«ã¢ãã³ç¡«é žå¡© ïŒïœ çé žã«ãªãŠã 30ïœ çé žæ°ŽçŽ ã«ãªãŠã 1.2ïœ èåã«ãªãŠã 1.2ïœ å¡©åãããªãŠã 0.2ïœ ãããªãããªé ¢é žäžãããªãŠã 1.2ïœ æ°Žãå ããŠ ïŒ ïŒPH10.1ïŒ æŒçœæ¶² æ°Ž 800ml ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³åé ¢é žã®ç¬¬äºéã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã
100ïœ ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³åé ¢é žäºãããªãŠã 10ïœ èåã«ãªãŠã 150ïœ é ¢é ž 10ïœ æ°Žãå ããŠ ïŒ ïŒPH6.0ïŒ å®ç液 æ°Ž 800ml ããªç¡«é žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã 150ïœ äºç¡«é žãããªãŠã 10ïœ äºç¡«é žæ°ŽçŽ ãããªãŠã 2.5ïœ æ°Žãå ããŠ ïŒ ïŒPH6.0ïŒ å®å®æ¶² æ°Ž 800ml ãã«ããªã³ïŒ37ïŒ ïŒ ïŒml ãã©ã€ãŠãšã« ïŒml æ°Žãå ã㊠ïŒã« åŸãããåçæ§ã瀺ãã第ïŒè¡šã®ããã«ãªãã ããã«çšããã«ãã©ãŒããã³æ¯èŒçšã®ã«ãã©ãŒ
é²æ¢å€ã¯ä»¥äžã®ãã®ã§ããã ïŒç±³åœç¹èš±3888677å·ã«èšèŒã®ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒïŒ
ãã³ç¹éæ53â3217å·ã«èšèŒãããããªã¢ã«ãã¬
ã³ãªããµã€ãååç©ãçšããããšãã§ããããã
ãã®ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãååç©ã¯äžçš®é¡ã®
ã¿ãçšããŠããäºçš®é¡ä»¥äžçµåããŠçšããŠãã
ãã ãããã®ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãååç©ãã
ãã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã«æ·»å ããå Žåã«ã¯ãé©åœãªæ¿åºŠ
ã®æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãšããŠãããã¯æ°Žãšæ··åãããäœæ²žç¹ã®
ææ©æº¶åªã«æº¶è§£ããŠãå¡åžåã®é©åœãªææã奜ãŸ
ããã¯ãååŠçæã®åŸã«ä¹³å€ã«æ·»å ããããšãã§
ãããæ¬çºæã«çšããããããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªãã·
ãååç©ã¯ïŒÃ10-5ã¢ã«ãªããïŒÃ10-2ã¢ã«ã®ç¯
å²ãæãŸããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããåçæå ææã®åçä¹³å€å±€
ã«ã¯ããã²ã³åéãšããŠèåéãæ²èåéãæ²å¡©
èåéãå¡©èåéåã³å¡©åéã®ããããçšããŠã
ããã奜ãŸããããã²ã³åéã¯15ã¢ã«ïŒ 以äžã®æ²
åéãå«ãæ²èåéã§ãããç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã®ã¯ïŒ
ã¢ã«ïŒ ãã12ã¢ã«ïŒ ãŸã§ã®æ²åéãå«ãæ²èåé
ã§ããã åçä¹³å€äžã®ããã²ã³åéç²åã®å¹³åç²åãµã€
ãºïŒçç¶ãŸãã¯çã«è¿äŒŒã®ç²åã®å Žåã¯ç²åçŽ
åŸãç«æ¹äœç²åã®å Žåã¯çšé·ãç²åãµã€ãºãšãã
æ圱é¢ç©ã«ããšããå¹³åã§è¡šãããïŒã¯ç¹ã«åã
ãªãã3Ό以äžã奜ãŸããã ç²åãµã€ãºã¯çããŠãåºããŠããããã§ãã
ãã åçä¹³å€äžã®ããã²ã³åéç²åã¯ãç«æ¹äœãå «
æ¹äœã®ãããªèŠåçãªçµæ¶äœãæãããã®ã§ãã
ãããŸãçç¶ãæ¿ç¶ãªã©ã®ãããªå€åçãªçµæ¶äœ
ãæã€ãã®ãæãã¯ãããã®çµæ¶åœ¢ã®è€å圢ã§ã
ãããçš®ã ã®çµæ¶åœ¢ã®ç²åã®æ··åããæã€ãŠãã
ãã ãŸãç²åã®çŽåŸããã®åã¿ã®ïŒå以äžã®è¶ å¹³æ¿
ã®ããã²ã³åéç²åãå šæ圱é¢ç©ã®50ïŒ ä»¥äžãå
ãããããªä¹³å€ã䜿çšããŠãããã ããã²ã³åéç²åã¯å éšãšè¡šå±€ãšãç°ãªãçžã
ãã€ãŠããŠãããããŸãæœåãäž»ãšããŠè¡šé¢ã«åœ¢
æããããããªç²åã§ããããç²åå éšã«äž»ãšã
ãŠåœ¢æããããããªç²åã§ãã€ãŠãããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããåçä¹³å€ã¯P.Glafkidesè
Chimie et Physique PhotographiqueïŒPaul
Montel瀟åã1967幎ïŒãG.F.Duffinè
Photographic Emulsion ChemistryïŒThe Focal
Pressåã1966幎ïŒãV.L.Zelikman et alè
Making and Coating Photographic Emulsion
ïŒThe Focal Pressåã1964幎ïŒãªã©ã«èšèŒãã
ãæ¹æ³ãçšããŠèª¿æŽããããšãã§ãããå³ã¡ãé ž
æ§æ³ãäžæ§æ³ãã¢ã³ã¢ãã¢æ³çã®ãããã§ãã
ããåå¯æº¶æ§éå¡©ãšå¯æº¶æ§ããã²ã³å¡©ãåå¿ãã
ã圢åŒãšããŠã¯ãçåŽæ··åæ³ãåææ··åæ³ããã
ãã®çµåããªã©ã®ããããçšããŠãããã ç²åãéã€ãªã³éå°ã®äžã«ãããŠåœ¢æãããæ¹
æ³ïŒããããéæ··åæ³ïŒãçšããããšãã§ããã
åææ··åæ³ã®äžã€ã®ååŒãšããŠããã²ã³åéã®ç
æããã液çžäžã®pAgãäžå®ã«ä¿ã€æ¹æ³ãå³ã¡ã
ããããã³ã³ãããŒã«ããããã«ãžãšããæ³ãçš
ããããšãã§ããã ãã®æ¹æ³ã«ãããšãçµæ¶åœ¢ãèŠåçã§ç²åãµã€
ãºãåäžã«è¿ãããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ãåŸãããã å¥ã ã«åœ¢æããïŒçš®ä»¥äžã®ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã
æ··åããŠçšããŠãããã ããã²ã³åéç²å圢æåã¯ç©ççæã®éçšã«ã
ããŠãã«ãããŠã å¡©ãäºéå¡©ãéå¡©ãã¿ãªãŠã
å¡©ãã€ãªãžãŠã å¡©åã¯ãã®é¯å¡©ãããžãŠã å¡©åã¯
ãã®é¯å¡©ãéå¡©åã¯éé¯å¡©ãªã©ããå ±åãããŠã
ããã ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã¯ãéåžžã¯ååŠå¢æãããã
ååŠå¢æã®ããã«ã¯ãäŸãã°H.Frieser ç·š
âDie Grundlagen der Photographischen
Prozesse mit Silberhalogenidenâ
ïŒAkademische VerlagsgesellschaftïŒ1968ïŒ675
ã734é ã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ãçšããããšãã§ããã ããªãã¡ã掻æ§ãŒã©ãã³ãéãšåå¿ãããç¡«é»
ãå«ãååç©ïŒäŸãã°ãããªç¡«é žå¡©ãããªå°¿çŽ
é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ããååç©é¡ãããŒããã³é¡ïŒãçšã
ãç¡«é»å¢ææ³ïŒéå æ§ç©è³ªïŒäŸãã°ã第äžãã
å¡©ããã¢ãã³é¡ãããã©ãžã³èªå°äœããã«ã ã¢ã
ãžã³ã¹ã«ãã€ã³é žãã·ã©ã³ååç©ïŒãéå å¢æ
æ³ïŒè²Žéå±ååç©ïŒäŸãã°ãéé¯å¡©ã®ã»ãPtã
IrãPdãªã©ã®åšæåŸè¡šæã®éå±ã®é¯å¡©ïŒãçš
ãã貎éå±å¢ææ³ãªã©ãåç¬ãŸãã¯çµã¿åãããŠ
çšããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããåçä¹³å€ã«ã¯ãæå ææã®
補é å·¥çšãä¿åäžãããã¯åçåŠçäžã®ã«ããªã
é²æ¢ãããããã¯åçæ§èœãå®å®åãããç®ç
ã§ãçš®ã ã®ååç©ãå«æãããããšãã§ãããã
ãªãã¡ã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ãäŸãã°ãã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãªãŠã
å¡©ããããã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãããããã³ãºã€ãã
ãŸãŒã«é¡ãã¯ãããã³ãºã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãããã¢
ãã³ãºã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãããã¢ãŸãŒã«
é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãããã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãã
ãã³ãºã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãããã¢ãžã¢ãŸãŒ
ã«é¡ãã¢ããããªã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ããã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒ
ã«é¡ãããããã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãã
ããã©ãŸãŒã«é¡ïŒç¹ã«ïŒâããšãã«âïŒâã¡ã«ã«
ããããã©ãŸãŒã«ïŒãªã©ïŒã¡ã«ã«ããããªããžã³
é¡ïŒã¡ã«ã«ããããªã¢ãžã³é¡ïŒããšãã°ãªããµã
ãªã³ããªã³ã®ãããªããªã±ãååç©ïŒã¢ã¶ã€ã³ã
ã³é¡ãããšãã°ããªã¢ã¶ã€ã³ãã³é¡ãããã©ã¢ã¶
ã€ã³ãã³é¡ïŒç¹ã«ïŒâããããã·çœ®æïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒ
3aïŒïŒïŒããã©ã¢ã¶ã€ã³ãã³é¡ïŒããã³ã¿ã¢ã¶ã€
ã³ãã³é¡ãªã©ïŒãã³ãŒã³ããªã¹ã«ããªã³é žããã³
ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã€ã³é žããã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ããªã³é žã¢ãã
çã®ãããªã«ããªé²æ¢å€ãŸãã¯å®å®å€ãšããŠç¥ã
ãããå€ãã®ååç©ãå ããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã®åçæå ææã®åçä¹³å€å±€ã«ã¯æ床äž
æãã³ã³ãã©ã¹ãäžæããŸãã¯çŸåä¿é²ã®ç®ç
ã§ãããªãšãŒãã«ååç©ãããªã¢ã«ããªãªã³é¡ã
åçŽã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©ååç©ããŠã¬ã¿ã³èªå°äœãå°¿
çŽ èªå°äœãã€ãããŸãŒã«èªå°äœãïŒâãã©ãŸãªã
ã³é¡çãå«ãã§ãããã æ¬çºæã«çšããåçæå ææã«ã¯ãåçä¹³å€å±€
ãã®ä»ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«å¯žåºŠå®å®æ§ã®æ¹è¯ãª
ã©ã®ç®çã§ãæ°Žäžæº¶åã¯é£æº¶æ§åæããªããŒã®å
æ£ç©ãå«ãããšãã§ãããäŸãã°ã¢ã«ãã«ïŒã¡
ã¿ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒããã¢ã«ã³ãã·ã¢ã«ãã«ïŒã¡ã¿ïŒ
ã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒããã°ãªã·ãžã«ïŒã¡ã¿ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒ
ããïŒã¡ã¿ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã«ã¢ãããããã«ãšã¹ãã«
ïŒäŸãã°é ¢é žããã«ïŒãã¢ã¯ãªããããªã«ããªã¬ã
ã€ã³ãã¹ãã¬ã³ãªã©ã®åç¬ãããã¯çµåããåã¯
ããããšã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãã¡ã¿ã¯ãªã«é žãαïŒÎ²âäž
飜åãžã«ã«ãã³é žãããããã·ã¢ã«ãã«ïŒã¡ã¿ïŒ
ã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒããã¹ã«ãã¢ã«ãã«ïŒã¡ã¿ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã¬
ãŒããã¹ãã¬ã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žçã®çµåããåéäœæ
åãšããããªããŒãçšããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããåçä¹³å€ã¯ãã¡ãã³è²çŽ é¡
ãã®ä»ã«ãã€ãŠåå å¢æãããŠããããçšããã
ãè²çŽ ã«ã¯ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ã
è€åã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãè€åã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ããã
ããŒã©ãŒã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãããã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãã¹ã
ãªã«è²çŽ ããã³ãããªããœããŒã«è²çŽ ãå å«ãã
ããç¹ã«æçšãªè²çŽ ã¯ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãã¡ãã·ã¢
ãã³è²çŽ ãããã³è€åã®ã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ã«å±ã
ãè²çŽ ã§ããããããã®è²çŽ é¡ã«ã¯ãå¡©åºæ§ç°ç¯
ç°æ žãšããŠã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ é¡ã«éåžžå©çšãããæ žã®
ãããããé©çšã§ãããããªãã¡ããããªã³æ žã
ãªããµãŸãªã³æ žããã¢ãŸãªã³æ žããããŒã«æ žããª
ããµãŸãŒã«æ žããã¢ãŸãŒã«æ žãã»ã¬ããŸãŒã«æ žã
ã€ãããŸãŒã«æ žãããã©ãŸãŒã«æ žãããªãžã³æ žãª
ã©ïŒãããã®æ žã«èç°åŒçåæ°ŽçŽ ç°ãèåãã
æ žïŒåã³ãããã®æ žã«è³éŠæçåæ°ŽçŽ ç°ãèåã
ãæ žãå³ã¡ãã€ã³ãã¬ãã³æ žããã³ãºã€ã³ãã¬ã
ã³æ žãã€ã³ããŒã«æ žããã³ãºãªããµããŒã«æ žãã
ãããªããµãŸãŒã«æ žãããã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãŒã«æ žãã
ãããã¢ãŸãŒã«æ žããã³ãŸã»ã¬ããŸãŒã«æ žããã³
ãºã€ãããŸãŒã«æ žããããªã³æ žãªã©ãé©çšã§ã
ãããããã®æ žã¯ççŽ ååäžã«çœ®æãããŠããŠã
ããã ã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãŸãã¯è€åã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ
ã«ã¯ã±ãã¡ãã¬ã³æ§é ãæããæ žãšããŠããã©ãŸ
ãªã³âïŒâãªã³æ žãããªããã³ãã€ã³æ žãïŒâã
ãªãªããµãŸãªã³ãžã³âïŒïŒïŒâãžãªã³æ žãããªãŸ
ãªãžã³âïŒïŒïŒâãžãªã³æ žãããŒããã³æ žãããª
ãã«ãããŒã«é žæ žãªã©ã®ïŒãïŒå¡ç°ç¯ç°æ žãé©çš
ããããšãã§ããã ãããã®å¢æè²çŽ ã¯åç¬ã«çšããŠãããããã
ããã®çµåããçšããŠããããå¢æè²çŽ ã®çµåã
ã¯ç¹ã«ã匷è²å¢æã®ç®çã§ãã°ãã°çšããããã å¢æè²çŽ ãšãšãã«ãããèªèº«åå å¢æäœçšãã
ããªãè²çŽ ãããã¯å¯èŠå ãå®è³ªçã«åžåããªã
ç©è³ªã§ãã€ãŠã匷è²å¢æã瀺ãç©è³ªãä¹³å€äžã«å«
ãã§ããããäŸãã°ãå«çªçŽ ç°ç¯ç°åºã§çœ®æãã
ãã¢ããã¹ãã«ååç©ïŒããšãã°ç±³åœç¹èš±
2933390å·ãå3635721å·ã«èšèŒã®ãã®ïŒãè³éŠæ
ææ©é žãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããçž®åç©ïŒããšãã°ç±³åœç¹
èš±3743510å·ã«èšèŒã®ãã®ïŒãã«ãããŠã å¡©ãã¢ã¶
ã€ã³ãã³ååç©ãªã©ãå«ãã§ããããæ¬çºæã¯ã
æ¯æäœã¯ã«å°ãªããšãïŒã€ã®ç°ãªãåå æ床ãæ
ããå€å±€å€è²åçææã«ãé©çšã§ãããå€å±€å€©ç¶
è²åçææã¯ãéåžžãæ¯æäœäžã«èµ€ææ§ä¹³å€å±€ã
ç·ææ§ä¹³å€å±€ãåã³éææ§ä¹³å€å±€ãåã å°ãªããš
ãäžã€æããããããã®å±€ã®é åºã¯å¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠ
ä»»æã«éžã¹ããèµ€ææ§ä¹³å€å±€ã«ã·ã¢ã³åœ¢æã«ãã©
ãŒããç·ææ§ä¹³å€å±€ã«ããŒã³ã¿åœ¢æã«ãã©ãŒãã
éææ§ä¹³å€å±€ã«ã€ãšããŒåœ¢æã«ãã©ãŒããããã
å«ãã®ãéåžžã§ããããå Žåã«ããç°ãªãçµåã
ããšãããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæãçšããŠäœãããåçæå ææã®åäžã
ããã¯ä»ã®åçä¹³å€å±€ãŸãã¯éæå æ§å±€ã«ã¯åèš
ã®æ¬é¡ã®ååç©ãšå ±ã«ãä»ã®è²çŽ 圢æã«ãã©ãŒã
å³ã¡ãçºè²çŸååŠçã«ãããŠè³éŠæïŒçŽã¢ãã³çŸ
åè¬ïŒäŸãã°ãããšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³èªå°äœããã¢
ããããšããŒã«èªå°äœãªã©ïŒãšã®é žåã«ãããªã³
ã°ã«ãã€ãŠçºè²ãããååç©ãçšããŠããããäŸ
ãã°ããŒã³ã¿ã«ãã©ãŒãšããŠãïŒâãã©ãŸãã³ã«
ãã©ãŒããã©ãŸããã³ãã€ãããŸãŒã«ã«ãã©ãŒã
ãã©ãŸãã€ãããŸãŒã«ã«ãã©ãŒããã©ãŸããã©ãŸ
ãŒã«ã«ãã©ãŒããã©ãŸãããªã¢ãŸãŒã«ã«ãã©ãŒã
ãã©ãŸãããã©ãŸãŒã«ã«ãã©ãŒãã·ã¢ãã¢ã»ãã«
ã¯ããã³ã«ãã©ãŒãééã¢ã·ã«ã¢ã»ããããªã«ã«
ãã©ãŒçããããã€ãšããŒã«ãã©ãŒãšããŠãã¢ã·
ã«ã¢ã»ãã¢ããã«ãã©ãŒïŒäŸãã°ãã³ãŸã€ã«ã¢ã»
ãã¢ããªãé¡ããããã€ã«ã¢ã»ãã¢ããªãé¡ïŒã
çããããã·ã¢ã³ã«ãã©ãŒãšããŠãããããŒã«ã«
ãã©ãŒãåã³ããšããŒã«ã«ãã©ãŒçãããããã
ãã®ã«ãã©ãŒã¯ååäžã«ãã©ã¹ãåºãšãã°ããç
æ°Žåºãæããéæ¡æ£æ§ã®ãã®ããŸãã¯ããªããŒå
ããããã®ãæãŸãããã«ãã©ãŒã¯ãéã€ãªã³ã«
察ãïŒåœéæ§ãããã¯ïŒåœéæ§ã®ã©ã¡ãã§ãã
ããåãè²è£æ£ã®å¹æããã€ã«ã©ãŒãã«ãã©ãŒã
ãããã¯çŸåã«ãšããªã€ãŠçŸåæå¶å€ãæŸåºãã
ã«ãã©ãŒïŒããããDIRã«ãã©ãŒïŒã§ãã€ãŠãã
ãã åãDIRã«ãã©ãŒä»¥å€ã«ããã«ãããªã³ã°åå¿
ã®çæç©ãç¡è²ã§ãã€ãŠãçŸåæå¶å€ãæŸåºãã
ç¡åè²DIRã«ãããªã³ã°ååç©ãå«ãã§ãããã
DIRã«ãã©ãŒä»¥å€ã«çŸåã«ãšããªã€ãŠçŸåæå¶å€
ãæŸåºããååç©ãæå ææäžã«å«ãã§ãããã æ¬çºæã®ã«ãã©ãŒåã³äžèšã«ãã©ãŒçã¯ãæå
ææã«æ±ããããç¹æ§ãæºè¶³ããããã«åäžå±€ã«
äºçš®é¡ä»¥äžã䜵çšããããšãã§ããããåäžã®å
åç©ãç°ãªã€ãïŒå±€ä»¥äžã«æ·»å ããããšãããã¡
ããå·®æ¯ããªãã æ¬çºæã®åçæå ææã«ã¯ãåçä¹³å€å±€ãã®ä»
ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«ç¡æ©ãŸãã¯ææ©ã®ç¡¬èå€ã
å«æããŠãããäŸãã°ã¯ãã å¡©ïŒã¯ãã ããšãŠã
ã³ãé ¢é žã¯ãã ãªã©ïŒãã¢ã«ãããé¡ãïŒãã«ã ã¢
ã«ããããã°ãªãªããµãŒã«ãã°ã«ã¿ãŒã«ã¢ã«ãã
ããªã©ïŒãâã¡ãããŒã«ååç©ïŒãžã¡ãããŒã«
å°¿çŽ ãã¡ãããŒã«ãžã¡ãã«ããã³ãã€ã³ãªã©ïŒã
ãžãªããµã³èªå°äœïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ãžãªã
ãµã³ãªã©ïŒã掻æ§ããã«ååç©ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâã
ãªã¢ã¯ãªãã€ã«âãããµãããâïœâããªã¢ãž
ã³ãïŒïŒïŒâããã«ã¹ã«ããã«âïŒâãããããŒ
ã«ãªã©ïŒã掻æ§ããã²ã³ååç©ïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžã¯ã
ã«âïŒâããããã·âïœâããªã¢ãžã³ãªã©ïŒãã
ã³ããã²ã³é žé¡ïŒã ã³ã¯ãã«é žãã ã³ããšããã·
ã¯ãã«é žãªã©ïŒããªã©ãåç¬ãŸãã¯çµã¿åãããŠ
çšããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæãçšããŠäœãããæå ææã«ãããŠã芪
æ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«ææã玫å€ç·åžåå€ãªã©ãå«æ
ãããå Žåã«ããããã¯ãã«ããªã³æ§ããªããŒãª
ã©ã«ãã€ãŠåªæãããŠãããã æ¬çºæãçšããŠäœãããæå ææã¯ãè²ã«ããª
é²æ¢å€ãšããŠããã€ããããã³èªå°äœãã¢ããã
ãšããŒã«èªå°äœã没é£åé žèªå°äœãã¢ã¹ã³ã«ãã³
é žèªå°äœãªã©ãå«æããŠãããã æ¬çºæãçšããŠäœãããæå ææã«ã¯ã芪氎æ§
ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«çŽ«å€ç·åžåå€ãå«ãã§ããããäŸã
ã°ãã¢ãªãŒã«åºã§çœ®æããããã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒã«
ååç©ïŒäŸãã°ç±³åœç¹èš±3533794å·ã«èšèŒã®ã
ã®ïŒãïŒâãã¢ãŸãªãã³ååç©ïŒäŸãã°ç±³åœç¹èš±
3314794å·ãå3352681å·ã«èšèŒã®ãã®ïŒããã³ãŸ
ããšãã³ååç©ïŒäŸãã°ç¹éæ46â2784å·ã«èšèŒ
ã®ãã®ïŒãã±ã€ãé žãšã¹ãã«ååç©ïŒäŸãã°ç±³åœ
ç¹èš±3705805å·ãå3707375å·ã«èšèŒã®ãã®ïŒãã
ã¿ãžãšã³ååç©ïŒäŸãã°ç±³åœç¹èš±4045229å·ã«èš
èŒã®ãã®ïŒããããã¯ããã³ãŸãªãã·ããŒã«åå
ç©ïŒäŸãã°ç±³åœç¹èš±3700455å·ã«èšèŒã®ãã®ïŒã
çšããããšãã§ããã玫å€ç·åžåæ§ã®ã«ãã©ãŒ
ïŒäŸãã°Î±âããããŒã«ç³»ã®ã·ã¢ã³è²çŽ 圢æã«ã
ã©ãŒïŒãã玫å€ç·åžåæ§ã®ããªããŒãªã©ãçšããŠ
ãããããããã®çŽ«å€ç·åžåå€ã¯ç¹å®ã®å±€ã«åªæ
ãããŠããŠãããã æ¬çºæãçšããŠäœãããæå ææã«ã¯ã芪氎æ§
ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«ãã€ã«ã¿ãŒææãšããŠããããã¯ã€
ã©ãžãšãŒã·ãšã³é²æ¢ãã®ä»çš®ã ã®ç®çã§æ°Žæº¶æ§æ
æãå«æããŠããŠãããããã®ãããªææã«ã¯ã
ãªããœããŒã«ææããããªããœããŒã«ææãã¹ã
ãªã«ææãã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³ææãã·ã¢ãã³ææåã³
ã¢ãŸææãå å«ãããããªãã§ããªããœããŒã«æ
æïŒãããªããœããŒã«ææåã³ã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³ææ
ãæçšã§ããã æ¬çºæãå®æœããã«éããŠãäžèšã®å ¬ç¥ã®éè²
é²æ¢å€ã䜵çšããããšãã§ãããŸãæ¬çºæã«çšã
ãè²åå®å®å€ã¯åç¬ãŸãã¯ïŒçš®ä»¥äžäœµçšããããš
ãã§ãããå ¬ç¥ã®éè²é²æ¢å€ãšããŠã¯ããã€ãã
ããã³èªå°äœã没é£åé žèªå°äœãïœâã¢ã«ã³ãã·
ããšããŒã«é¡ãïœâãªãã·ããšããŒã«èªå°äœåã³
ãã¹ããšããŒã«é¡çãããã æ¬çºæã®ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææã®çŸåæ¹æ³
ã«ã€ããŠã¯ç¹ã«å¶éã¯ãªããäŸãã°Research
Disclosure 176å·»28ã30é ã«èšèŒãããŠãããã
ãªãå ¬ç¥ã®æ¹æ³åã³å ¬ç¥ã®åŠç液ã®ãããããé©
çšããããšãã§ããããã®åçåŠçã¯ãç®çã«å¿
ããŠãéç»åã圢æããåçåŠçïŒé»çœåçåŠ
çïŒããããã¯è²çŽ åã圢æããåçåŠçïŒã«ã©
ãŒåçåŠçïŒã®ãããã§ãã€ãŠããããåŠç枩床
ã¯æ®é18âãã50âã®éã«éžã°ãããã18âãã
äœã枩床ãŸãã¯50âãè¶ãã枩床ãšããŠãããã è²çŽ åã圢æããå Žåã«ã¯åžžæ³ãé©çšã§ããã
ããšãã°ããã¬ããžæ³ïŒäŸãã°âJournal of the
Society of Motion Picture and Television
EngineersâïŒ61å·»ïŒ1953幎ïŒã667ã701é ã«èšèŒ
ãããŠããïŒïŒé»çœçŸåäž»è¬ãå«ãçŸå液ãšã§çŸ
åããŠãã¬éåãã€ãããã€ãã§å°ãªããšãäžå
ã®äžæ§ãªé²å ãŸãã¯ä»ã®é©åœãªã«ããªåŠçãè¡ãª
ããåŒãç¶ããŠçºè²çŸåãè¡ãªãããšã«ããè²çŽ
éœç»åãåŸãã«ã©ãŒå転æ³ïŒè²çŽ ãå«ãåçä¹³å€
å±€ãé²å åŸçŸåããŠéç»åãã€ããããããæŒçœ
觊åªãšããŠè²çŽ ãæŒçœããéè²çŽ æŒçœæ³ãªã©ãçš
ããããã ã«ã©ãŒçŸå液ã¯ãäžè¬ã«ãçºè²çŸåäž»è¬ãå«ã
ã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ããæããçºè²çŸåäž»è¬ã¯å ¬ç¥
ã®äžè¬è³éŠæã¢ãã³çŸåå€ãäŸãã°ããšãã¬ã³ãž
ã¢ãã³é¡ïŒäŸãã°ïŒâã¢ããâïŒïŒ®âãžãšãã«
ã¢ããªã³ãïŒâã¡ãã«âïŒâã¢ããâïŒïŒ®âãž
ãšãã«ã¢ããªã³ãïŒâã¢ããââãšãã«ââ
βâããããã·ãšãã«ã¢ããªã³ãïŒâã¡ãã«âïŒ
âã¢ããââãšãã«ââβâããããã·ãšã
ã«ã¢ããªã³ãïŒâã¡ãã«âïŒâã¢ããââãšã
ã«ââβâã¡ã¿ã³ã¹ã«ãã¢ãããšãã«ã¢ããª
ã³ãïŒâã¢ããâïŒâã¡ãã«ââãšãã«ââ
βâã¡ããã·ãšãã«ã¢ããªã³ãªã©ïŒãçšããããš
ãã§ããã ãã®ä»L.F.A.MasonèPhotographic
Processing ChemistryïŒFocal Pressåã1966幎ïŒ
ã®P226ã229ãç±³åœç¹èš±2193015å·ãå2592364
å·ãç¹éæ48â64933å·ãªã©ã«èšèŒã®ãã®ãçšã
ãŠãããã ã«ã©ãŒçŸå液ã¯ãã®ä»ãã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ã®äºç¡«é ž
å¡©ãçé žå¡©ãããŠé žå¡©ãåã³ãªã³é žå¡©ã®åŠãPHç·©
è¡å€ãèåç©ãæ²åç©ãåã³ææ©ã«ããªé²æ¢å€ã®
åŠãçŸåæå¶å€ãªãããã«ããªé²æ¢å€ãªã©ãå«ã
ããšãã§ãããåå¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠã硬氎è»åå€ãã
ãããã·ã«ã¢ãã³ã®åŠãä¿æå€ããã³ãžã«ã¢ã«ã³
ãŒã«ããžãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã®åŠãææ©æº¶å€ãã
ãªãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãåçŽã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©ãã¢
ãã³é¡ã®åŠãçŸåä¿é²å€ãè²çŽ 圢æã«ãã©ãŒã競
äºã«ãã©ãŒããããªãŠã ããã³ãã€ãã©ã€ãã®åŠ
ããã¶ããå€ãïŒâããšãã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³
ã®åŠãè£å©çŸåè¬ãç²æ§ä»äžå€ãããªã«ã«ãã³é ž
ç³»ãã¬ãŒãå€ãé žåé²æ¢å€ãªã©ãå«ãã§ãããã çºè²çŸååŸã®åçä¹³å€å±€ã¯éåžžæŒçœåŠçãã
ããæŒçœåŠçã¯ãå®çåŠçãšåæã«è¡ãããŠãã
ãããåå¥ã«è¡ãããŠããããæŒçœå€ãšããŠã¯ã
äŸãã°éïŒïŒãã³ãã«ãïŒïŒãã¯ãã ïŒïŒã
é ïŒïŒãªã©ã®å€äŸ¡éå±ã®ååç©ãéé žé¡ããã
ã³é¡ãããããœååç©çãçšããããã äŸãã°ãããšãªã·ã¢ã³åç©ãéã¯ãã é žå¡©ãé
ïŒïŒãŸãã¯ã³ãã«ãïŒïŒã®ææ©é¯å¡©ãäŸãã°
ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³åé ¢é žããããªãããªé ¢é žã
ïŒïŒïŒâãžã¢ããâïŒâãããããŒã«åé ¢é žãªã©
ã®ã¢ããããªã«ã«ãã³é žé¡ããã¯ã¯ãšã³é žãé ç³
é žããªã³ãŽé žãªã©ã®ææ©é žã®é¯å¡©ïŒéç¡«é žå¡©ãé
ãã³ã¬ã³é žå¡©ïŒããããœããšããŒã«ãªã©ãçšãã
ããšãã§ããããããã®ãã¡ããšãªã·ã¢ã³åã«
ãªããšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³åé ¢é žéïŒïŒãããªãŠã
åã³ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³åé ¢é žéïŒïŒã¢ã³ã¢ããŠ
ã ã¯ç¹ã«æçšã§ããããšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³åé ¢é žé
ïŒïŒé¯å¡©ã¯ç¬ç«ã®æŒçœæ¶²ã«ãããŠããäžæµŽæŒçœ
å®ç液ã«ãããŠãæçšã§ããã å®ç液ãšããŠã¯äžè¬ã«çšããããçµæã®ãã®ã
䜿çšããããšãã§ãããå®çå€ãšããŠã¯ããªç¡«é ž
å¡©ãããªã·ã¢ã³é žå¡©ã®ã»ããå®çå€ãšããŠã®å¹æ
ã®ç¥ãããŠããææ©ç¡«é»ååç©ã䜿çšããããšã
ã§ãããå®ç液ã«ã¯ç¡¬èå€ãšããŠæ°Žæº¶æ§ã¢ã«ãã
ãŠã å¡©ãå«ãã§ãããã é»çœåçåŠçããå Žåã«çšããçŸå液ã¯ãç¥ã
ããŠããçŸåäž»è¬ãå«ãããšãã§ãããçŸåäž»è¬
ãšããŠã¯ããžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³é¡ïŒããšãã°ã
ã€ããããã³ïŒãïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³é¡ïŒããšãã°
ïŒâããšãã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³ïŒãã¢ããããš
ããŒã«é¡ïŒããšãã°ïŒ®âã¡ãã«âïœâã¢ããããš
ããŒã«ïŒãªã©ãåç¬ãããã¯çµåããŠçšããããš
ãã§ãããçŸå液ã«ã¯äžè¬ã«ãã®ä»å ¬ç¥ã®ä¿æ
å€ãã¢ã«ã«ãªå€ãPHç·©è¡å€ãã«ããªé²æ¢å€ãªã©ã
å«ã¿ãããã«å¿ èŠã«å¿ã溶解å©å€ãè²èª¿å€ãçŸå
ä¿é²å€ãçé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãæ¶æ³¡å€ã硬氎è»åå€ã硬è
å€ãç²æ§ä»äžå€ãªã©ãå«ãã§ãããã æ¬çºæã®åçä¹³å€ã«ã¯ãããããããªã¹åãã®
çŸååŠçãé©çšããããšãã§ãããããªã¹åãçŸ
ååŠçãšã¯ç·ç»åã®ãåççåçŸããããã¯ããŒ
ãããŒã³ç»åã®ç¶²ç¹ã«ããåççåçŸã®ããã«ã
éåžžãžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³é¡ãçŸåäž»è¬ãšããäœ
ãäºç¡«é žã€ãªã³ã®æ¿åºŠã®äžã§ãçŸåéçšãäŒæç
ã«è¡ãªãããçŸååŠçã®ããšãããïŒè©³çŽ°ã¯ã¡ãŒ
ã¹ã³èãããªãã°ã©ãã€ãã¯ã»ããã»ãã·ã³ã°ã»
ã±ãã¹ããªãŒãïŒ1966幎ïŒ163ã165ããŒãžã«èšè¿°
ãããŠããïŒã ïŒå®æœäŸïŒ 以äžãå®æœäŸã«ããæ¬çºæã詳现ã«èª¬æãã
ããæ¬çºæã¯ãããã«éå®ãããããšã¯ãªãã å®æœäŸ ïŒ æ¬çºæã«ããããããã¯ãããåçè©Šè¬ã®æå¹
æ§ã«ã€ããŠãæ¬çºæã®ååç©ããã³ãããã®å¯Ÿç §
ïŒæ¯èŒïŒååç©ãè©äŸ¡ããããã«ãäžå¡ãå±€ãèš
ããŠããäžé ¢é žã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã€ã«ã æ¯æäœäžã«ã
第ïŒè¡šã«ç€ºããã«ããªé²æ¢å€ããã³æ¬çºæã®ãã
ãã¯ãããåçè©Šè¬ïŒãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒïŒãã«ãã©ãŒ
ïŒCpâïŒïŒãšãšãã«ããªã¯ã¬ãžã«ããªã¹ããšãŒã
ã«æº¶è§£ãä¹³åããŠæ·»å ããä¹³å€å±€ãå¡åžããããš
ã«ãããè©Šæãã調補ãããåç©è³ªã®å¡åžé
ã¯ïœïŒm2ãŸãã¯molm2ãšããŠã«ãã³å ã«ç€ºããã (1) ä¹³å€å±€ ãã¬åãšãŠèåéä¹³å€ãç²åãµã€ãº1.4ÎŒ
ïŒé1.6Ã10-2molïŒm2ïŒ ããŒã³ã¿ã«ãã©ãŒ CpâïŒ
ïŒ1.33Ã10-3molïŒm2ïŒ ã«ããªé²æ¢å€ãŸãã¯æ¬çºæã®ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒåå
ç© ïŒç¬¬ïŒè¡šã«æèšïŒ ãŒã©ãã³ ïŒ2.50ïœïŒm2ïŒ (2) ä¿è·å±€ ãŒã©ãã³ ïŒ1.30ïœïŒm2ïŒ ïŒïŒïŒâãžã¯ããâïŒâããããã·âïœâããª
ã¢ãžã³ãããªãŠã å¡© ïŒ0.05ïœïŒm2ïŒ ãããã®ãã€ã«ã ã40âãçžå¯Ÿæ¹¿åºŠ70ïŒ ã®æ¡ä»¶
äžã«14æéæŸçœ®ããåŸãã»ã³ã·ãã¡ããªâçšåæ§
é²å ãäžãã次ã®ã«ã©ãŒçŸååŠçãè¡ãªã€ãã ã«ã©ãŒçŸååŠçå·¥çš æé 枩床 ïŒ ã«ã©ãŒçŸå 3â²15â³ 38â ïŒ æŒ çœ 6â²30â³ ã ïŒ æ°Ž æŽ 2â² ã ïŒ å® ç 4â² ã ïŒ æ°Ž æŽ 4â² ã ïŒ å® å® 1â² ã ããã§ã«ã©ãŒçŸååŠçå·¥çšã®ååŠç液çµæã¯ä»¥
äžã®åŠãã§ããã ã«ã©ãŒçŸå液 æ°Ž 800ml ïŒâïŒïŒ®âãšãã«ââããããã·ãšãã«ïŒã¢
ããâïŒâã¡ãã«ã¢ããªã³ã»ç¡«é žå¡© ïŒïœ äºç¡«é žãããªãŠã ïŒïœ ããããã·ã«ã¢ãã³ç¡«é žå¡© ïŒïœ çé žã«ãªãŠã 30ïœ çé žæ°ŽçŽ ã«ãªãŠã 1.2ïœ èåã«ãªãŠã 1.2ïœ å¡©åãããªãŠã 0.2ïœ ãããªãããªé ¢é žäžãããªãŠã 1.2ïœ æ°Žãå ããŠ ïŒ ïŒPH10.1ïŒ æŒçœæ¶² æ°Ž 800ml ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³åé ¢é žã®ç¬¬äºéã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã
100ïœ ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³åé ¢é žäºãããªãŠã 10ïœ èåã«ãªãŠã 150ïœ é ¢é ž 10ïœ æ°Žãå ããŠ ïŒ ïŒPH6.0ïŒ å®ç液 æ°Ž 800ml ããªç¡«é žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã 150ïœ äºç¡«é žãããªãŠã 10ïœ äºç¡«é žæ°ŽçŽ ãããªãŠã 2.5ïœ æ°Žãå ããŠ ïŒ ïŒPH6.0ïŒ å®å®æ¶² æ°Ž 800ml ãã«ããªã³ïŒ37ïŒ ïŒ ïŒml ãã©ã€ãŠãšã« ïŒml æ°Žãå ã㊠ïŒã« åŸãããåçæ§ã瀺ãã第ïŒè¡šã®ããã«ãªãã ããã«çšããã«ãã©ãŒããã³æ¯èŒçšã®ã«ãã©ãŒ
é²æ¢å€ã¯ä»¥äžã®ãã®ã§ããã ïŒç±³åœç¹èš±3888677å·ã«èšèŒã®ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒïŒ
ãè¡šã
第ïŒè¡šãããæ¬çºæã®ååç©ãçšããè©Šæã
ã§ã¯ã¬ã³ããæ床åã³æ倧çºè²æ¿åºŠã®æžå°ãã»
ãšãã©äŒŽããã«ãã«ããªãæå¶ãããŠããããšã
æããã§ããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ å®æœäŸïŒã®è©ŠæïŒæ¬çºæïŒããã³è©ŠæïŒæ¯èŒ
çšãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒãå«ãã è©ŠæïŒããããã40âã
80ïŒ RHã®æ¡ä»¶ã§ïŒé±éä¿åããã®ã¡ãå®æœäŸïŒ
ãšåãããã«é²å ãçŸååŠçãããšãããè©Šæ
ã¯ã¬ã³ããæ床ããã³æ倧çºè²æ¿åºŠãè©Šæãã
ãèããäœäžããã ãã®ããšãããè©Šæã®ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒã¯ä¿åæ
ã«ãããã¯åºãã¯ãããããå®å®æ§ãæ¬ ãã®ã«å¯Ÿ
ããæ¬çºæã®ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒã¯ä¿åå®å®æ§ãé«ãã
ãšããããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ ãŒã©ãã³70ïœãå«ã氎溶液AgNO3ïŒKgã®æ°Žæº¶
液ãšKBr210ïœïŒNaC290ïœã®æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãšãåæ
ã«äžå®ã®é床ã§30åéã§æ·»å ããã次ã«å¯æº¶æ§å¡©
é¡ãé€å»ããåŸããŒã©ãã³ãå ãéå¢æåã³ã€ãª
ãŠå¢æãæœããŠå¡©èåéä¹³å€ïŒç²åãµã€ãº0.27ÎŒã
Br30ã¢ã«ïŒ ïŒãåŸãããã®ä¹³å€ã«å®å®å€ãšããŠ
ïŒâããããã·âïŒâã¡ãã«âïŒïŒïŒïŒ3aâïŒ
âããã©ã¶ã€ã³ãã³ãæ·»å ããã ãã®ä¹³å€ã«ç¬¬ïŒè¡šã«ç€ºãããã«ãæ¬çºæã®ãã
ãã¯ãããåçè©Šè¬ïŒãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒïŒãæ·»å ã
ãã次ã«ç¡¬èå€ãšããŠïŒâããããã·âïŒïŒïŒâ
ãžã¯ããããªã¢ãžã³ãããªãŠã å¡©ãå¡åžå©å€ãšã
ãŠããã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠã å¡©ãå
ããããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒããã€ã«ã äžã«ïŒ
m2ãããéé4.2ïœã«ãªãããã«å¡åžããã ãã®ããã«ããŠäœæãããã€ã«ã è©Šæã«10-5ç§
ã®Xeãã©ãã·ãŠå ãçšããŠå æ¥é²å ããäžèšçŸ
å液ã§27âïŒåéçŸåãåæ¢ãå®çåŸæ°ŽæŽä¹Ÿç¥ã
ããããããå¯å£«åçãã€ã«ã 補ã®ïŒ°åæ¿åºŠèšã
çšããŠæ¿åºŠæž¬å®ãè¡ããæ床ãšã«ããªå€ãåŸãã
æ床ã決å®ããå åŠæ¿åºŠã®åºæºç¹ã¯ãã«ããªïŒ
0.5ïŒã®ç¹ã§ãã€ããçµæã第ïŒè¡šã«ç€ºãã çŸå液ã®åŠæ¹ ã¡ããŒã« 0.31ïœ ç¡æ°Žäºç¡«é žãããªãŠã 39.6ïœ ãã€ããããã³ 6.0ïœ ç¡æ°Žçé žãããªãŠã 18.7ïœ èåã«ãªãŠã 0.86ïœ ã¯ãšã³é ž 0.68ïœ ã¡ã¿éäºç¡«é žã«ãªãŠã 1.5ïœ æ°Žãå ã㊠ïŒ
ã§ã¯ã¬ã³ããæ床åã³æ倧çºè²æ¿åºŠã®æžå°ãã»
ãšãã©äŒŽããã«ãã«ããªãæå¶ãããŠããããšã
æããã§ããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ å®æœäŸïŒã®è©ŠæïŒæ¬çºæïŒããã³è©ŠæïŒæ¯èŒ
çšãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒãå«ãã è©ŠæïŒããããã40âã
80ïŒ RHã®æ¡ä»¶ã§ïŒé±éä¿åããã®ã¡ãå®æœäŸïŒ
ãšåãããã«é²å ãçŸååŠçãããšãããè©Šæ
ã¯ã¬ã³ããæ床ããã³æ倧çºè²æ¿åºŠãè©Šæãã
ãèããäœäžããã ãã®ããšãããè©Šæã®ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒã¯ä¿åæ
ã«ãããã¯åºãã¯ãããããå®å®æ§ãæ¬ ãã®ã«å¯Ÿ
ããæ¬çºæã®ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒã¯ä¿åå®å®æ§ãé«ãã
ãšããããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ ãŒã©ãã³70ïœãå«ã氎溶液AgNO3ïŒKgã®æ°Žæº¶
液ãšKBr210ïœïŒNaC290ïœã®æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãšãåæ
ã«äžå®ã®é床ã§30åéã§æ·»å ããã次ã«å¯æº¶æ§å¡©
é¡ãé€å»ããåŸããŒã©ãã³ãå ãéå¢æåã³ã€ãª
ãŠå¢æãæœããŠå¡©èåéä¹³å€ïŒç²åãµã€ãº0.27ÎŒã
Br30ã¢ã«ïŒ ïŒãåŸãããã®ä¹³å€ã«å®å®å€ãšããŠ
ïŒâããããã·âïŒâã¡ãã«âïŒïŒïŒïŒ3aâïŒ
âããã©ã¶ã€ã³ãã³ãæ·»å ããã ãã®ä¹³å€ã«ç¬¬ïŒè¡šã«ç€ºãããã«ãæ¬çºæã®ãã
ãã¯ãããåçè©Šè¬ïŒãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒïŒãæ·»å ã
ãã次ã«ç¡¬èå€ãšããŠïŒâããããã·âïŒïŒïŒâ
ãžã¯ããããªã¢ãžã³ãããªãŠã å¡©ãå¡åžå©å€ãšã
ãŠããã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠã å¡©ãå
ããããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒããã€ã«ã äžã«ïŒ
m2ãããéé4.2ïœã«ãªãããã«å¡åžããã ãã®ããã«ããŠäœæãããã€ã«ã è©Šæã«10-5ç§
ã®Xeãã©ãã·ãŠå ãçšããŠå æ¥é²å ããäžèšçŸ
å液ã§27âïŒåéçŸåãåæ¢ãå®çåŸæ°ŽæŽä¹Ÿç¥ã
ããããããå¯å£«åçãã€ã«ã 補ã®ïŒ°åæ¿åºŠèšã
çšããŠæ¿åºŠæž¬å®ãè¡ããæ床ãšã«ããªå€ãåŸãã
æ床ã決å®ããå åŠæ¿åºŠã®åºæºç¹ã¯ãã«ããªïŒ
0.5ïŒã®ç¹ã§ãã€ããçµæã第ïŒè¡šã«ç€ºãã çŸå液ã®åŠæ¹ ã¡ããŒã« 0.31ïœ ç¡æ°Žäºç¡«é žãããªãŠã 39.6ïœ ãã€ããããã³ 6.0ïœ ç¡æ°Žçé žãããªãŠã 18.7ïœ èåã«ãªãŠã 0.86ïœ ã¯ãšã³é ž 0.68ïœ ã¡ã¿éäºç¡«é žã«ãªãŠã 1.5ïœ æ°Žãå ã㊠ïŒ
ãè¡šã
æ¯èŒååç© ïŒ¡âïŒ
第ïŒè¡šã®çµæãããæ¬çºæã®ååç©ã¯æ¯èŒçšã®
ååç©ïŒ¡âïŒã«æ¯ã¹ãŠæ床ã®äœäžãéåžžã«å°ãªã
ãŸãŸã§ã«ããªãæå¶ããããšãã§ããããšããã
ãã å®æœäŸ ïŒ 80ã¢ã«ïŒ ã®å¡©åéã19.5ã¢ã«ïŒ ã®èåéãåã³
0.5ã¢ã«ïŒ ã®æ²åéããæãããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ãã
éå¢æåã³ã€ãªãŠå¢æããŠèª¿è£œããããã®ä¹³å€äž
ã®ããã²ã³åéç²åã®å¹³åç²ååŸã¯0.31ÎŒã§ãã€
ãã ãã®ä¹³å€ãåã ïŒKgã¥ã€ç§€åãã次ã®ç¬¬ïŒè¡šã«
瀺ãããã«æ¬çºæã®ãããã¯ãããåçè©Šè¬ãæ·»
å ããæŽã«ïŒâã«ã«ããã·ã¡ãã«âïŒâïŒïŒâãš
ãã«âïŒâãã¢ãŸãªãžããªãã³ãšããªãã³ïŒããŒ
ããã³ïŒåå å¢æå€ïŒã0.1ïœãïŒâããããã·
âïŒâã¡ãã«âïŒïŒïŒïŒ3aïŒïŒâããã©ã¶ã€ã³
ãã³ïŒå®å®å€ïŒã0.18ïœãããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªãã·
ãååç©ïŒïŒ°â21ïŒã0.45ïœãããã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³
ã¹ã«ãã³é žãœãŒãïŒçé¢æŽ»æ§å€ïŒã1.2ïœãã ã³
ã¯ãã«é žïŒç¡¬èå€ïŒã0.48ïœãåã³ç¹å ¬æ45â
5331å·ã®è£œé åŠæ¹ïŒã«èšèŒã®ããªããŒã©ããã¯ã¹
ã30ïœãå ããããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒããã€
ã«ã ããŒã¹äžã«ééã3.9ïœïŒm2ã«ãªãããã«å¡
åžããŠåçææãåŸãã ãããã®è©Šæã«ãã¬çšã°ã¬ã€ã³ã³ã¿ã¯ãã¹ã¯ãª
ãŒã³ïŒå€§æ¥æ¬ã¹ã¯ãªãŒã³è£œ150LïŒã€ã³ãïŒãå¯
çãããããã«æ®µå·®ã0.1ïŒlogEïŒã®é段ãŠãšããž
ãéããŠã¿ã³ã°ã¹ãã³å ïŒè²æž©åºŠ5400°KïŒã§ïŒ
ç§éé²å ãããé²å åŸäžèšã®ãªã¹çŸå液ãçšããŠ
èªåçŸåæ©ã§27â100ç§éçŸåããåæ¢ã»å®çåŸ
æ°ŽæŽã»ä¹Ÿç¥ããã ããããŠåŸãè©Šæã®10ïŒ ã50ïŒ ã90ïŒ ç¶²ç¹ã枬
å®ãã50ïŒ ç¶²ç¹ãåŸãã«èŠããé²å éã®éæ°ãã
æ床ãæ¯èŒããããŸã10ïŒ ç¶²ç¹ãåŸãã«èŠããé²
å éã®å¯Ÿæ°ãš90ïŒ ç¶²ç¹ãåŸãã«èŠããé²å éã®å¯Ÿ
æ°ã®å·®ãã網é調ãæ±ããã çŸå液åŠæ¹
ååç©ïŒ¡âïŒã«æ¯ã¹ãŠæ床ã®äœäžãéåžžã«å°ãªã
ãŸãŸã§ã«ããªãæå¶ããããšãã§ããããšããã
ãã å®æœäŸ ïŒ 80ã¢ã«ïŒ ã®å¡©åéã19.5ã¢ã«ïŒ ã®èåéãåã³
0.5ã¢ã«ïŒ ã®æ²åéããæãããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ãã
éå¢æåã³ã€ãªãŠå¢æããŠèª¿è£œããããã®ä¹³å€äž
ã®ããã²ã³åéç²åã®å¹³åç²ååŸã¯0.31ÎŒã§ãã€
ãã ãã®ä¹³å€ãåã ïŒKgã¥ã€ç§€åãã次ã®ç¬¬ïŒè¡šã«
瀺ãããã«æ¬çºæã®ãããã¯ãããåçè©Šè¬ãæ·»
å ããæŽã«ïŒâã«ã«ããã·ã¡ãã«âïŒâïŒïŒâãš
ãã«âïŒâãã¢ãŸãªãžããªãã³ãšããªãã³ïŒããŒ
ããã³ïŒåå å¢æå€ïŒã0.1ïœãïŒâããããã·
âïŒâã¡ãã«âïŒïŒïŒïŒ3aïŒïŒâããã©ã¶ã€ã³
ãã³ïŒå®å®å€ïŒã0.18ïœãããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªãã·
ãååç©ïŒïŒ°â21ïŒã0.45ïœãããã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³
ã¹ã«ãã³é žãœãŒãïŒçé¢æŽ»æ§å€ïŒã1.2ïœãã ã³
ã¯ãã«é žïŒç¡¬èå€ïŒã0.48ïœãåã³ç¹å ¬æ45â
5331å·ã®è£œé åŠæ¹ïŒã«èšèŒã®ããªããŒã©ããã¯ã¹
ã30ïœãå ããããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒããã€
ã«ã ããŒã¹äžã«ééã3.9ïœïŒm2ã«ãªãããã«å¡
åžããŠåçææãåŸãã ãããã®è©Šæã«ãã¬çšã°ã¬ã€ã³ã³ã¿ã¯ãã¹ã¯ãª
ãŒã³ïŒå€§æ¥æ¬ã¹ã¯ãªãŒã³è£œ150LïŒã€ã³ãïŒãå¯
çãããããã«æ®µå·®ã0.1ïŒlogEïŒã®é段ãŠãšããž
ãéããŠã¿ã³ã°ã¹ãã³å ïŒè²æž©åºŠ5400°KïŒã§ïŒ
ç§éé²å ãããé²å åŸäžèšã®ãªã¹çŸå液ãçšããŠ
èªåçŸåæ©ã§27â100ç§éçŸåããåæ¢ã»å®çåŸ
æ°ŽæŽã»ä¹Ÿç¥ããã ããããŠåŸãè©Šæã®10ïŒ ã50ïŒ ã90ïŒ ç¶²ç¹ã枬
å®ãã50ïŒ ç¶²ç¹ãåŸãã«èŠããé²å éã®éæ°ãã
æ床ãæ¯èŒããããŸã10ïŒ ç¶²ç¹ãåŸãã«èŠããé²
å éã®å¯Ÿæ°ãš90ïŒ ç¶²ç¹ãåŸãã«èŠããé²å éã®å¯Ÿ
æ°ã®å·®ãã網é調ãæ±ããã çŸå液åŠæ¹
ãè¡šã
ãè¡šã
ãè¡šã
æ¯èŒååç© ïŒ¡âïŒ
第ïŒè¡šã®çµæãããæ¬çºæã®ååç©ã¯æ床ãã»
ãšãã©æãããšãªãã«ã«ããªãæå¶ããããšãã§
ããããŸãåæã«ãæ¬çºæã®ååç©ã¯æ床ãã»ãš
ãã©æãããšãªãã«ç¶²é調ãé·ãããããšãã§ã
ãã
ãšãã©æãããšãªãã«ã«ããªãæå¶ããããšãã§
ããããŸãåæã«ãæ¬çºæã®ååç©ã¯æ床ãã»ãš
ãã©æãããšãªãã«ç¶²é調ãé·ãããããšãã§ã
ãã
Claims (1)
- ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã ïŒ äžèšäžè¬åŒïŒïŒåã³ïŒïŒã§ç€ºããããã
ãã¯ãããåçè©Šè¬ã®å°ãªããšãïŒçš®ãå«æãã
ããšãç¹åŸŽãšããããã²ã³åéåçæå ææã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒ äžè¬åŒïŒïŒ ïŒåŒäžãã¯ãããååãä»ããŠïŒºãå«ãç°ã«
çµåããçŸåæå¶å€ãŸãã¯ãã®åé§äœãè¡šããã
Y1ãY2ããã³Y3ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååãŸãã¯çœ®æåºãè¡šã
ããã¯ïŒå¡ãªããïŒå¡ã®ççŽ ç°ãŸãã¯è€çŽ ç°ãŸ
ãã¯ãããã®çž®åç°ã圢æããã®ã«å¿ èŠãªåå矀
ãè¡šãããïœã¯ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒãè¡šãããY1ã¯Y3ãš
çµåããŠç°ã圢æããŠããããïŒ
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP59145593A JPS6143739A (ja) | 1984-07-13 | 1984-07-13 | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ |
US06/753,847 US4659651A (en) | 1984-07-13 | 1985-07-11 | Silver halide photographic materials containing a blocked photographic reagent |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP59145593A JPS6143739A (ja) | 1984-07-13 | 1984-07-13 | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS6143739A JPS6143739A (ja) | 1986-03-03 |
JPH051930B2 true JPH051930B2 (ja) | 1993-01-11 |
Family
ID=15388664
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP59145593A Granted JPS6143739A (ja) | 1984-07-13 | 1984-07-13 | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4659651A (ja) |
JP (1) | JPS6143739A (ja) |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6231851A (ja) * | 1985-08-01 | 1987-02-10 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | ããã²ã³åéã«ã©âåçæå ææ |
GB8520715D0 (en) * | 1985-08-19 | 1985-09-25 | Secr Defence | Secondary alcohol derivatives |
JP2607881B2 (ja) * | 1987-05-13 | 1997-05-07 | å¯å£«åçãã€ã«ã æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ |
JPS647035A (en) * | 1987-06-30 | 1989-01-11 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Silver halide photographic sensitive material |
JPH07117739B2 (ja) * | 1987-08-11 | 1995-12-18 | å¯å£«åçãã€ã«ã æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | ããã²ã³åéã«ã©âåçæå ææ |
US4966835A (en) * | 1987-08-13 | 1990-10-30 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Method for processing a silver halide color photographic material |
JPH07113758B2 (ja) * | 1988-03-28 | 1995-12-06 | å¯å£«åçãã€ã«ã æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ |
JPH0229644A (ja) * | 1988-07-19 | 1990-01-31 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | çŽæ¥ããžç»å圢ææ¹æ³ |
JPH07117705B2 (ja) * | 1988-10-13 | 1995-12-18 | å¯å£«åçãã€ã«ã æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ |
JPH07120021B2 (ja) * | 1988-11-17 | 1995-12-20 | å¯å£«åçãã€ã«ã æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | ç±çŸåæå ææ |
EP0413314B1 (en) * | 1989-08-15 | 1997-03-26 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide photographic material |
JPH0439647A (ja) * | 1990-06-05 | 1992-02-10 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ |
US5262284A (en) * | 1991-07-15 | 1993-11-16 | Eastman Kodak Company | Arylidene pyrazolone coupler |
US5256525A (en) * | 1991-12-19 | 1993-10-26 | Eastman Kodak Company | Blocked incorporated developers in a photographic element |
JP3764178B2 (ja) * | 1994-06-10 | 2006-04-05 | å¯å£«åçãã€ã«ã æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | ããã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææããã³ãã®åŠçæ¹æ³ |
US6306551B1 (en) * | 1999-12-30 | 2001-10-23 | Eastman Kodak Company | Imaging element containing a blocked photographically useful compound |
JP2009240284A (ja) | 2008-03-31 | 2009-10-22 | Fujifilm Corp | ãããã¢ãŒãŒæ€åºææããããã¢ãŒãŒæ€åºææã»ãããåã³ãããã¢ãŒãŒæž¬å®æ¹æ³ |
CN102617486B (zh) * | 2012-03-01 | 2014-04-16 | æ±è¥¿åç¿å»è¯åå·¥æéå ¬åž | äžç§6-æ°¯-1,3-äºç²åºè²å§å¶çå¶å€æ¹æ³ |
CN103012288B (zh) * | 2012-12-24 | 2015-06-17 | æµåå£æ³åååçç©ç§ææéå ¬åž | 6-æ°¯-1,3-äºç²åºè²å§å¶çå¶å€æ¹æ³ |
JP7446848B2 (ja) * | 2019-02-28 | 2024-03-11 | äœåååŠæ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | å åŠå±€åã³è©²å åŠå±€ãå«ãç©å±€äœ |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5119987B2 (ja) * | 1973-02-05 | 1976-06-22 | ||
US4310612A (en) * | 1978-10-10 | 1982-01-12 | Eastman Kodak Company | Blocked photographically useful compounds in photographic compositions, elements and processes employing them |
JPS56114946A (en) * | 1980-02-15 | 1981-09-09 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Silver halide photographic sensitive material |
US4420554A (en) * | 1981-02-17 | 1983-12-13 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills, Ltd. | Silver halide photosensitive materials |
US4350754A (en) * | 1981-06-12 | 1982-09-21 | Polaroid Corporation | Blocked development restrainers |
JPS59201057A (ja) * | 1983-04-18 | 1984-11-14 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ |
US4503139A (en) * | 1983-05-09 | 1985-03-05 | Polaroid Corporation | Photographic products and processes and novel compounds |
-
1984
- 1984-07-13 JP JP59145593A patent/JPS6143739A/ja active Granted
-
1985
- 1985-07-11 US US06/753,847 patent/US4659651A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4659651A (en) | 1987-04-21 |
JPS6143739A (ja) | 1986-03-03 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JPS6323533B2 (ja) | ||
JPH051930B2 (ja) | ||
JPH0658512B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ | |
JPH0420174B2 (ja) | ||
JPS6327702B2 (ja) | ||
US4690885A (en) | Silver halide photographic material | |
US4522917A (en) | Photographic silver halide light-sensitive material | |
US4696894A (en) | Silver halide photographic materials containing 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives having a polar substituent | |
US4791049A (en) | Silver halide photographic material containing a compound having an oxidation-reduction moiety and timing group | |
JPH0456967B2 (ja) | ||
JP2529822B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ | |
US4892811A (en) | Silver halide photographic material | |
JP3519218B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææããã³ç»å圢ææ¹æ³ | |
JPH0420173B2 (ja) | ||
US4555481A (en) | Silver halide photographic emulsions containing benzimidazolocarbocyanine dye having fluoroalkyl group at the nitrogen atom of benzimidazole | |
US4818668A (en) | Silver halide color photographic materials | |
JPH04147133A (ja) | ããã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææ | |
US4268617A (en) | Color photographic light-sensitive material | |
JPH0313577B2 (ja) | ||
JPS60128446A (ja) | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ | |
JPH05249603A (ja) | éé žåç©å«æåŠç液ã§äœ¿çšããããã®ãããã¯ãããåççã«æçšãªååç©é¡ãå«ãã§ãªãåçèŠçŽ | |
JPH0799430B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ | |
JPS6111743A (ja) | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ | |
JPS60233650A (ja) | ããã²ã³åéã«ã©âåçæå ææ | |
JP2553907B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |