JPH05192526A - Pressure swing type gas separator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the title gas separator certainly performing the matching of valve operation, shortening a cycle time and enabling the continuous operation of a blower and a pump by using a reciprocating valve sliding a movable piece between two plates of a port as a changeover valve and providing a through-hole to the movable piece to open the same to the port. CONSTITUTION:A reciprocating valve 20 is constituted so that a movable piece 23 is slid between two plates forming a port. Two through-holes 21, 22 are provided to the movable piece 23 and a pair of the ports respectively connected to common pipings 13, 14 are provided to one plate and the spaces to which the through-holes 21, 22 are always opened with respect to the ports between the upper and lower dead points of the movable piece 23 are provided to the ports so as to be capable of always communicating with demarcated chambers 12. Four ports are provided to the other plate to connect branch pipes 15, 16, 17, 19. By this constitution, valve operation is made certain and a cycle time is shortened and the power losses of a raw material supply blower and a detachable vacuum pump can be reduced and the scale-up of capacity is facilitated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a pressure swing type gas separator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of a conventional one-column type pressure swing type gas separation apparatus. In the adsorption tower 1 filled with the adsorbent 2, the raw material gas stop valve 5 and the purified gas stop valve 6 are opened in the adsorption step, and the blower 3 is started to feed the raw material gas to the adsorption tower 1 through the supply pipe 4. The supplied gas is adsorbed to the adsorbent 2 in the raw material gas, and the non-adsorbed component is recovered from the recovery pipe 7. When the adsorption step is completed, the blower 3 is stopped, the raw material gas stop valve 5 and the purified gas stop valve 6 are closed, the adsorbable component gas exhaust stop valve 8 and the purified purge gas stop valve 11 are opened, and the vacuum is removed. When the pump 10 is started, the process proceeds to the regeneration step, the gas adsorbed on the adsorbent 2 is depressurized and purged using a part of the purified gas, and the gas is exhausted from the exhaust pipe 9 to the outside of the system. In this way, by opening and closing each stop valve and starting and stopping the blower and the vacuum pump repeatedly, the target purified gas is separated and recovered from the raw material gas.

[0003]

In the above apparatus, since the intermittent operation is accompanied by a large number of valve operations, it is possible to match the raw material supply blower and the desorption vacuum pump, which are continuous rotary turbomachines, with the valve operations. It is difficult and causes a decrease in mechanical efficiency, and there is a drawback that the power consumption per unit processing gas amount increases. Further, in the above-mentioned device, since the time for one cycle is as long as several minutes, a large amount of adsorbent is required, and the device cost increases. In particular, when a large volume of gas is separated, an increase in the cost of the device is a big problem, and it is difficult to increase the volume.

Therefore, the present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks,
Let's provide a pressure swing type gas separation device that ensures the matching of valve operation, shortens the cycle time, enables continuous operation of the raw material supply blower and desorption vacuum pumper, and facilitates large capacity. It is what

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a pressure swing type gas separation apparatus for continuously separating gas by switching the flow paths of a plurality of adsorption chambers with a switching valve, and forming a port as the switching valve. A reciprocating valve that slides the movable piece between two plates is used.
Two through holes are provided, and one plate is provided with a pair of ports for connecting to both ends of the adsorption chamber, and the through holes of the movable piece are provided in the ports between the top dead center and the bottom dead center of the movable piece. A space that is always open to the port is provided so as to be in continuous communication with the adsorption chamber, and the other plate is branched from the raw material gas supply main pipe, the non-adsorptive gas recovery main pipe, the purge gas supply main pipe, the adsorptive gas recovery main pipe, etc. A pressure swing type gas separation device characterized in that a plurality of ports corresponding to the branch pipes are provided, and the through hole can be successively communicated with the plurality of ports by moving the movable piece.

The movable piece is driven by connecting each connecting rod to the rear end of the movable piece and fixing the connecting rod to the crankshaft at an angle corresponding to the phase difference of the movement of each movable piece. It is possible to move the movable piece with a constant phase difference by the rotation of, or to move the movable piece with an arbitrary phase difference by connecting a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder to the rear end of the movable piece.

[0007]

In the pressure swing type gas separation apparatus of the present invention, by using the above reciprocating valve, the gas flow in each adsorption chamber can be switched at the same time, and the valve operation and the turbo machine can be easily matched. In particular, when the reciprocating valve is driven by the crankshaft, the movable piece can be reliably moved with a constant phase difference, and the rotation speed of the crankshaft is increased to shorten the adsorption / desorption cycle. It is possible to separate a large amount of gas easily. Further, when the reciprocating valve is driven by the hydraulic cylinder or the air cylinder, the movable piece can be moved with an arbitrary phase difference, and the gas separation operation of various cycle times can be easily dealt with.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a pressure swing type gas separation apparatus having three adsorption chambers, which is an embodiment of the present invention. The adsorber 1 is divided into three in the circumferential direction, and the divided compartments 12 are filled with the adsorbent 2.
A common pipe 13 for supplying a source gas or exhausting a specific gas is provided at an upper end of each of the compartments 12, and a lower end of each of the compartments 12 for collecting a purified gas or supplying a purge gas. The common pipe 14 is attached. Further, the reciprocating valve 20 slides a movable piece 23 between two plates forming a port. The movable piece 23 is provided with two through holes 21 and 22, and one plate has a common hole. A pair of ports for connecting to the pipes 13 and 14, respectively, are provided, and through-holes 21 and 22 of the movable piece 23 are constantly provided to the port between the top dead center and the bottom dead center of the movable piece 23. An open space is provided to enable continuous communication with the compartment 12, and the other plate is provided with four ports, each port having a branch pipe 15 branched from the raw gas main pipe 4 and a purified gas. A branch pipe 16 branched from the main pipe 7 for a gas, a branch pipe 17 branched from the main pipe 9 for a specific gas,
Also, the through hole 21 is connected to the branch pipe 19 branched from the purge gas main pipe 18 and the movable piece 23 is moved to move the through hole 21 into the source gas branch pipe 15 or the specific gas branch pipe 17.
And the through hole 22 can be connected to the branch pipe 16 for purified gas or the branch pipe 19 for purge gas. One end of the movable piece 23 is connected to the crankshaft 25 via the connecting rod 24, and the rotation of the crankshaft 25 reciprocates the movable piece 23 in the vertical direction. The relationship between the compartment 12 and the reciprocating valve 20 has been mainly described above, but the relationship between the compartment 12-b and the reciprocating valve 20-b and between the compartment 12-c and the reciprocating valve 20-c is also described. It is the same.

The procedure for gas separation using this apparatus will be described below. In the device of FIG. 1, the movable piece of each reciprocating valve is such that the first compartment is the adsorption step, the second compartment is the idle step in which the outside is shut off from the system, and the third compartment is the regeneration step. Are connected to the crankshaft with a phase difference of every 90 degrees. At the stage of FIG. 1, the movable piece 23 of the reciprocating valve 20 on the right side is located at the top dead center, and the compartment 12 is in the adsorption process. That is, the raw material gas is caused to flow downward in the compartment 12 through the main pipe 4, the branch pipe 15 and the common pipe 13, and after adsorbing the adsorbing component, the purified gas is fed to the common pipe 14 and the branch pipe 1.
It is recovered to the outside of the system via 6 and the main pipe 7. Since the movable piece 23-c of the central reciprocating valve 20-c is in the neutral position, the compartment 12-c is shut off from the outside of the system and is in the idle process. The movable piece 23-b of the left reciprocating valve 20-b is located at the bottom dead center, and the compartment 20-b is in the regeneration process.
That is, the purge gas is caused to flow upward into the compartment 12-b through the main pipe 18, the branch pipe 19-b, and the common pipe 14-b to desorb the adsorbent component from the adsorbent, and to use the common pipe as the specific gas. 13-b, the branch pipe 17-b and the main pipe 9 are discharged to the outside of the system. And when you rotate the crankshaft,
By moving each movable piece of the reciprocating valve with the above phase difference, the gas flow is switched for each compartment to enable continuous gas separation.

In the apparatus of FIG. 1, the movable piece of the reciprocating valve is operated by the crankshaft, but it is also possible to drive it by using a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder instead of the crankshaft. In this case, unlike the crankshaft, the phase difference can be set arbitrarily as necessary, so even if each cycle time of the adsorption process, idle process, desorption process, etc. changes, the turbomachine used It is possible to perform efficient gas separation matching the characteristics of.

[0011]

The present invention makes it easy to shorten the cycle time by adopting the above configuration. For example, when the crankshaft is rotated at 2 rpm, the amount of adsorbent is reduced to 1/5 to 1/10. The amount can be reduced. Turbomachines such as blowers and vacuum pumps have no unnecessary waiting time, so that power loss can be reduced and gas recovery efficiency can be improved. Since the gas can be continuously collected, the capacity can be easily increased and the cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a gas recovery apparatus that is an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of a conventional gas recovery device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 adsorber, 2 adsorbent, 3 raw material gas supply blower, 4 raw material gas main pipe, 5 raw material gas stop valve, 6 refined gas stop valve, 7 refined gas main pipe, 8 specific gas stop valve, 9 main pipe for specific gas, 10 vacuum pump, 11 stop valve for purge gas, 12 compartments, 13 common pipe for source gas and specific gas, 14 common pipe for purified gas and purge gas, 15 branch pipe for source gas, 16 purified gas Branch pipe, 17 specific gas branch pipe, 18 purge gas main pipe, 19 purge gas branch pipe, 20 reciprocating valve,
21 through holes, 22 through holes, 23 movable pieces, 2
4 connecting rods, 25 crankshafts

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Jun Izumi 5-717-1, Fukahori-cho, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki Sanhishi Heavy Industries Ltd. Nagasaki Research Institute (72) Inventor Kazuaki Oshima 1-1, Atsunoura, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd. Nagasaki Shipyard

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A pressure swing type gas separation device for continuously separating gas by switching a flow path of a plurality of adsorption chambers by a switching valve, wherein a movable piece is provided between two plates forming a port as the switching valve. A reciprocating valve that slides is used, two through holes are provided in a movable piece of the reciprocating valve, and one plate is provided with a pair of ports for connecting to both ends of the adsorption chamber,
A space is provided in the port between the top dead center and the bottom dead center of the movable piece so that the through hole of the movable piece is always open to the port so that the space is in continuous communication with the adsorption chamber. A plurality of ports corresponding to branch pipes branched from the gas supply main pipe, the non-adsorptive gas recovery main pipe, the purge gas supply main pipe, the adsorptive gas recovery main pipe, etc. are provided, and the movable piece is moved to form a plurality of through holes sequentially. A pressure swing type gas separation device characterized by being able to communicate with the port. 2. The rear end of the movable piece is connected to each connecting rod, and each connecting rod is fixed to the crankshaft at an angle corresponding to the phase difference of the movement of each movable piece, and is fixed by rotation of the crankshaft. 2. The pressure swing type gas separation device according to claim 1, wherein the movable piece can be moved by the phase difference of. 3. The pressure swing gas according to claim 1, wherein the rear end of the movable piece is connected to a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder, and the movement of each movable piece can be moved with an arbitrary phase difference. Separation device.