JPH0515166B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a knitting machine for producing fiber reinforced plastics (FRP).

(Prior Art) Industrial, recreational and aerospace
The increasingly widespread application of FRP has stimulated research into new methods of manufacturing FRP components. A knitting machine for knitting fibers that provides reinforcement is
It offers various advantages when used to manufacture FRP parts. Knitting machines are generally much cheaper than winding machines, the stitches can form sections that are tapered or irregularly shaped in nature, and the knitting structure produces fibers that act to provide reinforcement to the plastic structure. This improves the balance of physical properties.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) The main difficulty in applying commercially available knitting machines to produce FRP components is impregnating the fibers in a completely continuous manner without workplace pollution or resin debris. is necessary. Optimum strength is obtained only when the fibers are fully impregnated with resin without significant voids or air bubbles. Conversely, large resin pockets (resin rich) should be avoided.

Traditionally, impregnation is accomplished by wrapping a partially cured (B-stage) resin film around the stitches after each layer is completed, or by using preimpregnated fibers. However, these partially cured resin products are expensive, have limited shelf life even when stored in a freezer, and use of partially cured resin films is cumbersome and time-consuming.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention relates to an improvement in a knitting machine for knitting a plurality of filaments around a mandrel supported on a base for movement along an axis. A stitch winding carrier mounted in a fixed longitudinal plane of rotation position relative to the movement of the mandrel for rotation around an axis and concentrically around the mandrel, for rotating a bobbin of filament to be knitted around the shaft. a device for attaching to the carrier at five circumferential positions spaced apart for rotation, and wrapping a filament around the mandrel having a free end fixed to the mandrel at a point axially spaced from the plane of rotation of the carrier; A device is included for rotating the carrier and axially displacing the mandrel so as to form a stitch.

The first object of the invention is therefore to provide an improved knitting machine of this kind for continuous impregnation of fibers during braiding or knitting, thereby producing high quality and inexpensive composite parts. That's true.

According to the invention, a machine of this type is provided with at least one annular applicator ring mounted concentrically around the mandrel radially in the axial direction between the carrier rotating surface and the filament contact area of the mandrel; is sized and positioned such that the filament is partially wrapped and wiped over the entire filament-covered surface of the ring, the ring having an internally closed plenum chamber with one surface of the chamber covering the filament-covered surface of the ring. , and is provided with a device for supplying a coating liquid under pressure to the plenum chamber, and the coating liquid is applied to the filament-coated surface of the ring until the pore opening is caused by the viscosity of the coating liquid and the fluid pressure in the chamber. The filament is formed with a pore of a limited size such that it bulges out from the pore opening but does not flow out until the filament passes through the pore opening. Impregnate the extracted filament with coating liquid. These improvements result in minimal resin waste and contamination, complete impregnation for each filament, uniform resin content in the final product, and the ability to momentarily stop the operation and tie the stitches in place. It can be knitted in two directions. Controlling the pressure of liquid resin in the plenum chamber ensures continuous flow of resin into the holes, prevents overpressure, and prevents excess resin from flowing out of the applicator ring holes while the machine is not operating. do.

The axis of the mandrel is horizontal and the applicator ring can include a vertical wall that provides a small diameter perforation that defines the hole through which the resin passes to reach the filament. Two applicator rings, mounted back-to-back, define a gap that generally corresponds to the diameter of the filament, and supply resin through a limited hole in the opposing surfaces of the applicator rings, resulting in resin impregnation of the filament. ensure that The vertical wall can project outwardly from the gap through which the filament passes and is impregnated with the filament so as to terminate in excess of the area of contact of the filament with the mandrel of the drain pan, where the projecting wall includes at least one flexible A plastic scraper is used to press the filament against the mandrel and return excess resin to the drain pan for recirculation or disposal. Evacuation of the plenum chamber can be followed by cleaning the resin circulation loop using compressed air or by drawing the solvent through a system containing pores.

A pair of back-to-back applicator rings of annular cross-section can form a gap between each other that is sized to match the diameter of the filament. The applicator ring, which is partially surrounded by a filament, has a surface area on a horizontal central plane that is perforated to form a hole, and resin is applied to the filament under pressure and impregnated into the hole under extremely low surface tension. can be done.

In other embodiments, the two rings are imperforate;
The baffle structure on the outside of the ring allows the atomizer nozzle to produce a moist mist of resin droplets, quickly and thoroughly moistening the fibers without impinging on them at high velocities, thereby reducing the potential for collisions. minimize physical damage and waste.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

(Embodiment) FIGS. 1 and 2 are diagrams showing a first embodiment of the present invention, in which a knitting machine 10 knits a plurality of filaments around a mandrel and impregnates the filaments with resin before knitting. It is a strange monster that has been improved. The machine 10 is shown in partially schematic form. This schematic diagram includes a carriage 12 mounted by a wheel 16 for rotation on a surface such as a floor F, which wheel 16 is mounted on the base 14 of the carriage. A motor 15 connected to a wheel 16 serves to drive the carriage across the floor in the direction of arrow 17.
A horizontal bar 20 is attached to the carriage by vertical uprights 18, and the bar 20 has a trapezoidal conical axle 22.
is fixed and a filament is knitted around it to form a stitch. This type of arrangement is commonplace because it uses a large diameter carrier or wheel 24 that forms the basic member of the machine 10. carrier 2
4 supports a plurality of spools or bobbins 28 for rotation about their axes and moves each filament or fiber 32 through a pin hole 30. Each filament 32 is drawn around a solid or hollow shaped guide ring 34 and the free end of each filament is secured to the mandrel. Carrier 24,
It is mounted for rotation about a coaxial axis of mandrel 22 by a suitable support mechanism including a plurality of rollers 35 that contact the inner periphery of carrier 24. The drive of the carrier 24 is illustrated by a pressure roller 37 connected to an electric motor 39. Lead 4 to motor 39
1 from a power source (not shown). In this way the motor 39 is
Rotate the carrier about the axis coaxially with the mandrel 22 in direction 3.

The mandrel 22 is formed from a low density foam that is very useful for weaving FRP products for industrial applications, such as windmill blades, fan blades, and the like. Stitch B
is the mandrel 22 if the mandrel moves its axial length while energizing the drive motor 15 for the carriage 12 to form the stitch in the direction of arrow 17.
It is formed from resin fiberglass reinforced stitches arranged in the outer shape. Knit B is formed by diagonally intersecting fibers or filaments in such a way that each strand passes alternately over and under one or more other strands. In a regular stitch, each strand passes alternately above and below two opposing strands, and the stitch exhibits two complete double ribs or lines or a herringbone shape. Except for resin impregnation, knitting machines are highly developed. If warped threads are to be used, it is necessary to equip the machine with hollow warp studs and warp guides. One or more large diameter fixed guide rings, such as guide ring 34, are typically used to direct the filament to the center of the knitting machine feeding the moving mandrel 22 along the axis at a limited speed. The free end of the filament 32 is tethered in place around the mandrel and the carrier 24
The longitudinal axle 22 during rotation about the axis
Knit by moving. The rotating carrier 26 feeds the bobbin 28 around the shaft while the mandrel 2 alternately moves in opposite directions.
Moving 2 creates stitches in two directions.

In FIG. 2, in the first embodiment of the present invention,
When approaching the mandrel, the filament 32 is forced through one or more applicator rings, particularly perforated filament contact surfaces, and after applying liquid resin to the filament and completely impregnating the filament with resin, the mandrel 22 and It is knitted between the resin-impregnated filaments 32 in contact. In FIG. 2, left and right applicator rings 36 and 38 are shown, respectively. Although in this arrangement the applicator ring 36 is shown applying resin to several filaments 32, when the knitting machine 10 is operated in two directions, as the filaments exit the applicator ring gap at the exit end, the filaments alternately wrap around the right applicator ring and tilt toward each other in the directions shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Rings 36 and 38 are formed from sheet metal and bent into the shape shown. The ring 36 includes a central vertical planar portion 36A having a plurality of small holes 56 which serve to supply resin to the filaments 32 that pass therethrough. The planar portion 36 is preceded by a short curved portion 36B which serves as an entry guide for the filament, and the downstream portion 36C in the direction of filament movement is outwardly flared and circular in shape to provide a guide for the filament 32 as it moves from the applicator ring 36 in the mandrel direction. Guide the filament 32. Portion 36C rises and then right angle wall 5
8 and extends so as to limit a drip pan 59 that absorbs excess resin R. Additionally, the plenum chamber walls 40 and ring 36 form a resin plenum chamber 42 in which the resin R is maintained under slight pressure above atmospheric pressure to effect the desired resin impregnation of the fibers or filaments 32. Resin R is thus delivered under pressure to plenum chamber 42 after ring applicator surface portion 36A. Plenum chamber 42 evenly distributes resin around each ring 36 and 38. When knitting in two directions, resin can be added subsequently to the plenum chamber 42.
The resin R is passed through the wall 40 and into the plenum chamber 42.
It is supplied under pressure via a hose 48 to a short pipe 44 that opens into the tube. Furthermore, a second short pipe 46 opens at the bottom of the same chamber and connects a drain hose 50 thereto to drain the resin R inside the chamber 42 when the knitting machine is not in use, thus draining the resin R as shown in FIG. is returned to the resin tank 67 via the hose 50. At the bottom of resin tank 67, resin supply hose 48 is connected via pump 69 to maintain resin within plenum chamber 42 at a pressure slightly greater than atmospheric pressure. Resin is continuously fed into the chamber and the filament collects resin as it sweeps over the outer surface of applicator ring portion 36A. In this embodiment, paired rings 36 and 38 define a gap G that is slightly larger than the diameter of the filament or fiber 32 that is passed therebetween for impregnation with resin. Applicator ring 38 is a mirror image of applicator ring 36, and like parts are designated with like numbers. Excess resin dripping from the fiber or filament 32 is collected by the drip pan and wall 58 and a portion 36 of the applicator 36.
It is collected at the corner with C and returned to the tank via hose 62. The hose 62 is connected to the drip pan 59 via a short tube 60, which opens into the inside of the drip pan. A soft flexible rubber, foam or brush scraper 66 is preferably attached to the wall 58 that contacts the perimeter of stitch B near the area where the filament contacts the mandrel and forms the stitch. The scraper may constitute a resilient annular member, the central opening of which is slightly smaller in diameter than the diameter of the mesh surrounding the mandrel, so that the inner edge of the annular scraper is actually stretched to remove the resin-impregnated filament. or effectively wipe the outer surface of the stitch as it is formed by the fibers to remove excess resin. Furthermore, this element thoroughly wets the filament to maximize its resin impregnation.

scraper 66, wall 58 and drip pan 5
9 defines a buttful assembly 57 for each applicator ring on each side of the filament path to alter the flow of volatile components released by the resin during knitting after resin has been applied thereto. For example, by using a suction device (not shown) on the wall 58, such volatile components can be easily removed from inside the buttful and around the machine or machine parts outside the buttful assembly. Do not pollute the atmosphere. A drain valve 58 in the hose 50 leads back to the resin tank 67 and is normally closed, but can be opened to return resin to the resin tank 67 when the knitting operation is temporarily stopped. This prevents the cured resin from clogging the holes 56. After the plenum chamber 42 is emptied, the resin can be easily removed by passing compressed air or solvent through the holes 56.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and the same members are indicated by adding a dot to the reference numerals used in the first embodiment. The fiber or filament 32 moves vertically upwards as indicated by the arrows with respect to the point where it passes between applicator rings 36' and 38, where the rings are formed by main portions 36a' and 38a' which are annular in cross-section. and continues into drip pan portions 36b' and 38b' for the left and right sides of the filament or fiber path, respectively. Again, the mandrel 22 forming the stitch B moves from right to left as indicated by the arrow, and the resin-impregnated filament or fiber 32 partially wraps around portion 36a' of applicator ring 36'. The place where the resin is supplied to the filament 32 in a manner similar to the first embodiment is at its surface area. In this regard, the annular cross-sectional walls of the two applicator rings 36' and 38 begin in a horizontal midplane with respect to the annular portions 36a' and 38a' of each applicator ring and extend upwardly thereof. Provided inside. An annular strip-forming vertical wall 70 spans the rear portion of each of rings 36' and 38' lying in the area of penetration of aperture 56', forming a plenum chamber 42' with the ring portion providing aperture 56'.
In the same way as in the first embodiment, the resin supply hose 4
8' selectively connects arrow 5 to plenum chamber 42' for applicator rings 36' and 38'.
2, the resin R is supplied under pressure. In this embodiment, a plenum chamber 42' to the applicator ring 36' is used to supply the resin that impregnates the filament 32. A short tube 44' supported by wall 70 and opening into plenum chamber 42' is connected to resin supply hose 48'. A solenoid operated valve (not shown) is used in the resin drain hose 50' to drain the contents of the plenum chamber when the knitting machine is stopped. Hose 50' connects to the plenum chamber by sealingly supporting a portion of the tube via short tube 46'. In FIG. 3, only the drip pan 59', partially defined by the horizontal wall 72, is shown. However, as with other embodiments, the wall 58' extends from the drip pan and is bounded by a flexible rubber or foam scraper 66' that rests on the surface of stitch B after knitting to remove excess resin from the stitch. Wipe it off and completely impregnate the filament with resin. The drip pan 59' drains as indicated by arrow 64 via a short pipe 60' connected to a drain hose 62' back to the resin tank (not shown).
Additionally, the annular cross-sectional portion 36 of the applicator ring
a' and 38a' are separated from each other by a distance defined by arrow G', thus forming a gap slightly larger than the diameter of the filament or fiber 32 passing therethrough.

The operation is the same as that of the previous embodiment. With two applicator rings, the applicator rings 36' and 38' can be used alternately to knit in two directions, in which case the mandrel is of course in the opposite direction to that shown in the figure, i.e. The applicator ring 38' is driven from left to right as it works to impregnate. As can be seen from the description of the first two embodiments of the invention,
Due to the flexible arrangement of continuously impregnating the fibers during the knitting operation, the resulting product is of high quality and the FRP composite parts are inexpensive. The applicator ring is easily applied to a wide variety of resins and other liquids. Epoxies, polyesters and vinyl esters of various viscosities and densities can be used, and various reinforcing fibers 32 such as fiberglass, Kevlar and graphite can be processed with similar success. One or two applicator rings and associated structures can be easily added to existing knitting machines. Impregnation of the fibers continues during the knitting operation. If multiple layers are desired, tie the stitches in place and begin feeding the material again with the mandrel in the opposite direction as described above. Two-way operation greatly increases manufacturing speed. The impregnation of the fibers is completely easily controlled. Avoid voids in the resin area to minimize resin debris and workplace contamination. Using an applicator ring and an associated scraper along the drip pan structure, the impregnating area can be adjusted and the steam generated in this area can be removed through the walls of the buffle structure by a vacuum device inside the buffle structure. . The applicator ring is easily assembled, cleanable, and can be modified for optimal operation for specific selections of resin and reinforcing fibers. By using the impregnation mechanism of the applicator ring, the machine can dispense tapered or irregularly shaped parts (as determined by the shape of the mandrel) as easily as straight cylindrical parts. .

In evaluating this, impregnation using an applicator ring as a capillary feeding mechanism for the impregnating fibers is emphasized by several main components. One or two circular rings are knitted using an applicator ring with a specially formed perforated surface that applies the resin in a controlled manner while continuously supplying the resin to the fibers, creating a stitch around the mandrel. form. The device is characterized by almost no waste, and by varying the pump speed it is possible to vary and maintain the fluid pressure of the resin in the plenum chamber, reducing the droplets of resin formed in the pores as a result of surface tension. Since the bead is wiped away, no resin is left in the chamber due to the small pores when there is no capillary action. The use of integrated or attached buttfuls prevents excess resin from dripping onto the knitting machine and surrounding work area, and
By attaching it to an inhalation device that serves to contain the vapors that can be removed if they occur during impregnation.
A drip pan including a drain pipe and a baffle is used, and the baffle is formed according to the purpose so as to partially function as a drip pan. By using a resin tank, resin can be delivered under low pressure to the plenum chamber of the applicator ring, and the flow can be controlled by conventional devices such as regulators and solenoid valves.

From the foregoing description, it will be appreciated that when one or more applicator rings are placed vertically, the plenum chamber distributes the resin evenly over the period of the rings. As shown in the embodiments, when using a horizontally fed mandrel, it is preferred to section the pre-nural chamber using radial distribution walls to reduce the hydraulic head due to gravity. As such, it requires multiple resin supply lines to the section, and this can be done by increasing the pressure of the trapped resin in the plenum chamber to the point where the surface tension of the resin in the small pores weakens during dripping. Overcoming the effects of gravity. When the resin pump 69 with variable output is used, the resin in the plenum chamber is maintained at atmospheric pressure while the knitting machine is stopped, so no resin flows out. When operating the knitting machine, the pressure in the plenum chamber can be increased as needed to achieve the desired resin content. At low pressures, the resin bulges out of the hole opening but does not flow until the filament passes over the hole. The treated filament, which is easily wetted by the resin, is drawn into the resin by capillary action at the moment of weakening of the surface tension. If a higher resin content is required, the resin pressure is further increased by varying the pump speed to cause resin to flow continuously through the holes. Additional modifications to the applicator ring can be made to suit the needs of a particular resin system. For example, keep the dimensions of the plenum chamber very small to minimize heat build-up in the exothermic resin;
Or a heating or cooling jacket can be added as required.

Under some circumstances, reinforcing filament 32
Alternatively, the resin material may have independent properties that are incompatible with the applicator ring forming the main component of the embodiments described above. Examples of potential problems include the use of very weak fibers that are susceptible to damage when passed over small holes in the applicator ring or when the surface tension of the resin is low.

In such cases it is necessary to use an embodiment of the invention as shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the same reference numerals are used for the same members of the knitting machine as in the previous embodiment. The modified parts of the machine of this embodiment include applying resin to the filament 32 before weaving the filament around the foam core mandrel;
It consists of a pressurized bag, etc. The mandrel 22 is the same as in the previous embodiment. The resin tank, resin pump, and resin circulation parts of the previous example are used in the apparatus. The differences are mainly that the applicator ring is replaced by an applicator-less guide ring 80 and 82, whose circular cross section is hollow instead of solid. The guide rings are separated by a gap G'', which is slightly larger than the gap between the applicator rings, so that when the applicator rings serve to apply the resin of the previous example to the filament,
Two applicator rings can be used simultaneously to moisten opposite instances of the filament passing through the gap. The mandrel 2 from the bobbin of the knitting machine carrier 26 is attached to the guide rings 80 and 82.
A smooth outer surface is provided which serves only to guide the filament in a travel of up to 2. Guide rings 80 and 82 have a ring and gap
G" is supported by a cylindrical member 84 on the outer surface remote from the filament path. A sloped trapezoidal conical baffle wall 86 extends therefrom or is integral with the embodiment described above. terminating in an annular shaped flexible rubber or foam scraper 66 similar to that of the example. Holes 88 are formed in the trapezoidal conical buttful wall 86 at various circumferential locations and a plurality of clamps 94 are formed therein. The spray nozzle unit 90 is mounted by a nozzle mounting structure 92 consisting of a clamp 94 with space arcuate clamping fingers 96 and 9 passing through the shaft of the adjustment thumbscrew 100.
Contains 8. Rotate the adjusting butterfly screw and adjust the fingers 9 on the nozzle manifold block 102 of the nozzle 90.
Increase or decrease the pressure exerted by 6 and 98. Projecting outwardly from one end of nozzle manifold block 102 is an atomizer or spray nozzle 104. These nozzle units are commercially available, such as the Flowsonic Twin Fluid Sprayer manufactured by Fluid Kinetics, Inc. of Fairfield, Ohio. A feature of the nozzle unit 90 is that it produces a moist "mist" of extremely fine resin droplets that acts to quickly wet the fibers 32 without impregnating the fibers at high speeds, thus ensuring that the filaments or fibers 32 are not wetted prior to knitting. Eliminates the possibility of tearing. Spray nozzle 104 produces a spray pattern 106 of resin droplets. Resin is supplied to the nozzle manifold block 102 by a resin supply hose 110 as indicated by arrow 108;
10 is connected to manifold block 102 by tube 112. If necessary, compressed air is supplied to the air supply hose 11 as shown by arrow 114.
6 to block 102 and tube 1
Atomizer or spray nozzle 104 via 18
supply to. Using such a moist "mist" in the form of very fine resin droplets, the resin lightly contacts the filament. Such contact is partially ensured by using an arrangement of the spray nozzle unit 90 against the ring on the opposite side of the ring partially enveloping the filament, so that the spray of resin droplets is As soon as the filament is encountered which is far from the starting point, the flow direction of the spray pattern becomes the same as the movement of the filament. usually,
Conventional nozzles produce a restricted droplet stream that damages the fibers or lose excess resin through spring blowout. By using a buttful arrangement with drain and/or suction tubes,
Minimize workplace contamination from both generated vapors and resin waste.

A practical example of the improved knitting machine of the present invention is in the production of parts of complex geometry, namely fiberglass rotating blades for modern wind turbines. A standard commercially available 144 carrier knitting machine, such as the Mossbeg No. 2, is modified to the embodiment of FIGS. It was passed through the center of the knitting machine 10. The mandrel consists of a low density urethane home core molded to the inside diameter of the wind turbine blade which is purposely mounted on the carriage 12 as a consumable mandrel. A metal root end retention bushing (not shown) with small extending pins is secured to one end of the foam core mandrel to hold it in the braided structure in a simple operation with no finishing operations required. Incorporated finishing. Because wind turbine blades are subjected to high bending loads, knitting machines have been required to produce triaxial knits using a large proportion of unidirectional fibers. When using the Mossberg No. 2 knitting machine, up to 72 warps of filament or fiber 32 are fed through the center of the horn gear (not shown) of the 144 carrier knitting machine, giving the molded part high bending strength and It gave stiffness. The top and bottom bias knit filaments 32 provide torsional stiffness and improved through-thickness strength compared to conventional fiber orientation. The use of warped filaments is important because it optimizes the use of knitting machines for wind turbine blades by increasing bending strength and providing greater capacity for aeroelastic adjustment. Knitting operation per inch (2.54cm)
Extremely fast compared to prior art operating at standard speeds of 32 picks per minute on blades of 4.5 pick construction, the knitting machine of the present invention operates at nearly 6 feet per minute. It was found that supply. In conclusion, using the first two embodiments of the present invention, a resin with the same surface tension as water (0.0048 Kg/mm, 0.005 lb/ft) will begin to flow through the 0.127 mm (0.005 inch) diameter hole 56. This requires a pressure of 1.38Kg/m ² (0.2psig). A fluid with a surface tension of 1/2 the size requires 1/2 the pressure. Here, this type of knitting machine modified by the resin-coated part of the embodiment is as follows:
Gives lower cost than traditional FRP manufacturing process. These knitting machines offer the unique flexibility of being able to use inexpensive machine tools to manufacture specially shaped parts, thus opening up new applications for the composite materials produced.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a knitting machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing some resin-impregnated parts of the machine shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view of a knitting machine according to still another embodiment of the present invention. 10...Knitting machine, 12...Reciprocating table, 14...Base, 15...Motor, 16...Wheel, 17...
...arrow, 18 ... vertical upright, 20 ... horizontal bar, 22 ... mandrel, 24 ... carrier or wheel, 28 ... spool or bobbin, 30 ...
pin hole, 32... filament or fiber, 34
... Guide ring, 35 ... Roller, 36, 38
... Applicator ring, 37 ... Pressure roller, 39 ... Motor, 40 ... Plenum chamber wall, 41 ... Lead, 42 ... Plenum chamber, 43 ... Arrow, 44, 46 ... Short tube, 48 ...
... Hose, 50 ... Drain hose, 53 ... Discharge valve, 56 ... Hole, 57 ... Buttful assembly,
58...Wall, 59...Drip pan, 62...Hose, 66...Scraper, 67...Resin tank, 69...Resin pump, 70...Wall, 80,8
2... Guide ring, 84... Cylindrical member, 86
... Bulky wall, 88 ... Hole, 90 ... Spray nozzle unit, 92 ... Nozzle mounting structure, 94
... Clamp, 96, 98 ... Tightening finger-shaped projection, 1
00... Adjustment butterfly screw, 102... Nozzle manifold block, 104... Atomizer or spray nozzle, 106... Spray pattern, 110
... Resin supply hose, 112 ... Tube, 11
4...Arrow, 116...Air supply hose, 118
...Tube.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A knitted carrier 24 mounted in a fixed vertical plane of rotation relative to the movement of the mandrel for rotation about an axis and concentrically around the mandrel 22; a device for mounting a bobbin 28 of filament to the carrier 24 at circumferential positions spaced relative to the bobbin rotation about an axis;
Then, the carrier is rotated so that the filament 62 having a free end fixed to the mandrel is wound around the mandrel 22 to form stitch B at a point axially spaced apart from the carrier rotation surface. in a knitting machine for knitting a plurality of filaments around a mandrel supported on a base 14 for movement along an axis, having devices 39, 15; At least one annular applicator ring 36, 38 is mounted axially and radially concentrically around the mandrel between the filament contact area with the filament 32 and the filament 32 is partially encased in the ring. The rings 36, 38 are sized to wipe over the entire filament coating surface, and the rings 36, 38 supply coating liquid R under pressure to an inner closed plenum chamber 42 defined by the filament coating surface portions 36A, 38B of the rings. devices 67, 69,
48, the filament-coated surface of the ring is
The coating liquid R is formed with a limited hole 56 so that it does not flow out from the hole opening until the filament 32, which bulges out from the hole opening depending on the viscosity of the coating liquid R and the fluid pressure in the chamber, passes through the hole opening. The knitting machine is characterized in that the surface tension of the filament 32 is weakened by the capillary action, and the coating liquid is extracted by capillary action, so that the filament 32 is impregnated with the coating liquid R. 2 a flexible scraper 66 which extends from the applicator rings 36, 38 to the mandrel and presses against the periphery of the stitch B downstream of the area of first filament contact with the mandrel 22; The excess coating liquid is wiped off from the finished stitches, and the steam generated by applying the coating liquid to the filament is transferred to the applicator rings 36, 38 and the mandrel. 22. The knitting machine according to claim 1, wherein the knitting machine is confined in an area between 22 and 22. 3 having a pair of applicator rings 36, 38 mounted side by side with a gap equal to or slightly greater than the thickness of the filament 32, with a defined hole 5;
6 are formed in the opposing filament-wiping surface areas of the applicator rings, each applicator ring 36, 38 having a separate plenum chamber 42, to which plenum chamber 42 is supplied jointly or successively the coating liquid R; Mandrel 2 in relation to applicator rings 36, 38
3. The knitting machine according to claim 1, wherein the filament 32 is impregnated with liquid either sequentially or alternately depending on the direction of movement of the filament 32. 4. Each applicator ring 36, 38 has a straight filament wiping surface 36A, 38A that is generally perpendicular to the axis of the mandrel 22 and defines a confined aperture 56 in the surface and The gap between the filament wiping surfaces of the spaced apart applicator rings is generally equal to the diameter of the filament 32 passing therethrough;
38 is a surface 36A, on which opposite sides of the filament wipe the filament across the apertures 56 of each applicator ring when applying coating liquid R under pressure to the two plenum chambers 42;
3. The knitting machine according to claim 3, wherein the filament is covered with the coating liquid R by capillary action so as to wipe the filament. 5. The mandrel 22 is horizontal, the carrier 24 is mounted for rotation about a horizontal axis, the annular applicator rings 36, 38 are provided vertically coaxially with the mandrel 22, and the filament wiping surface 36A is formed with a limited hole. , 38A are vertical and the ring includes a portion that extends outwardly and extends obliquely outwardly and downwardly away from each other downstream of the surface area wiping each filament with respect to the direction of movement of the filaments. , terminating in buffled walls 58 extending upwardly in the direction of the mandrel 22, each buffled wall 58 terminating in a flexible scraper 66 having an edge in contact with the periphery of the formed stitch B and removing excess coating liquid R. coating liquid R.
The scraper 66 and the baffle wall 58 and the applicator rings 36, 38 define an enclosed area for contact between the coating liquid and the filament, collect the waste liquid R, and collect the waste liquid R, 5. A knitting machine as claimed in claim 3 or 4, in which the balance of 10 is not contaminated by coating waste liquid or steam generated thereby. 6 The annular applicator rings 36', 38' are
It includes portions 36a', 38a' that define a filament wiping surface that is circular in radial cross section and includes a defined hole 56' which is the first contact between the applicator ring and the filament in the direction relative to the mandrel 22. The filament 3 extends from a horizontal central plane passing through the axis of the circular portion at a point and around the circular portions 36a', 38a' of the applicator ring.
4. A knitting machine according to claim 1, which extends over two complete coverage angles. 7. An annular-shaped upright wall overlying a hole 56' in which the plenum chamber extends sealingly over the interior of the circular radial cross-section portions 36a', 38a' of the annular applicator ring and passes through the filament-wiping surface portion of the annular applicator ring. strip 70
A knitting machine according to claim 6, which is limited by: 8. Knit winding carrier 24 mounted in a fixed vertical plane of rotation relative to the movement of the mandrel for rotation around the axis and concentrically around the mandrel 22; a bobbin 28 of the filament to be knitted , having a free end secured to the mandrel at a point axially spaced from the plane of rotation of the carrier; a device 39, 15 for rotating the carrier and moving the mandrel axially so as to wrap the filament 32 around the mandrel 22 to form a stitch; In a knitting machine for knitting a plurality of filaments around a supported mandrel, the filaments are concentrically spaced about the mandrel axially spaced between the plane of rotation of the carrier 24 and the area of filament contact with the mandrel 22. At least one annular guide ring 80 is attached to the guide ring 80 so that the filament 32 is wiped across the surface of the guide ring, and the walls 84, 86 that line the guide ring 80 generally extend around the filament coated surface portion of the guide ring 80. with a flexible scraper 66 extending parallel to the direction of inclination of the filament 32 extending towards the mandrel 22 and pressing against the periphery of the stitch B downstream of the region of first filament contact with the mandrel 22; Finally, the spray nozzle device 90 sprays a mist of makeshift resin droplets onto the filament during its passage from the guide ring to the mandrel 22 for resin impregnation of the filament 32, and the scraper 66 wipes excess resin coating from the finished stitch B. , a knitting machine characterized in that the wall 84, 86 devices confine the vapor generated by applying resin to the filament in the area between the guide ring 80 and the mandrel 22. 9 has a pair of guide rings 80, 80 mounted side by side with a gap generally equal in size to the thickness of the filament 32 passing therethrough;
define opposing filament wiping surfaces, each having a buttful wall extending therefrom in the direction of the mandrel 22 to the outside of the filament path, forming a wall arrangement, each buttfull wall having an initial contact with the mandrel 22. A spray nozzle device 90 is mounted within each buttful wall 86 and includes a flexible scraper 66 that presses against the plurality of stitches B downstream of the filament contact area of the filament from the guide ring 80 to the mandrel 22. A spray nozzle 90 is oriented to generally spray a resin mist in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of movement of the spray nozzle 32 and is parallel to a given guide ring 80 and wrapped around the guide ring 80 spaced apart from the row of spray nozzles 90. 10. A knitting machine according to claim 9, which acts to impart a resin mist pattern to the filaments.