JPH0445613B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention is a method for protecting slopes such as artificially created bare land and bedrock of inorganic and recessive soil by greening it.
This relates to a method for forming a vegetation base that is constructed prior to so-called slope greening work, and it effectively treats domestic waste and industrial waste, especially raw sludge generated from public sewers, and The project aims to use industrial waste as base material for vegetation in slope greening work.

[Conventional technology]

The applicant has proposed a construction method in which the base material for forming a vegetation base is mixed with konjac powder as an adhesive in addition to fertilizer, and a slurry made by adding water to this is sprayed onto the slope ( Tokuko Showa 54-
1364 and Special Publication No. 60-46923).

Mountain sand or black soil is used as the above-mentioned greening base material, and fertilizers, adhesives, etc. are mixed therein. Lime and chemical fertilizers (granular and solid high chemical fertilizers) are used as the above-mentioned fertilizers. Konjac dust, which is mixed in as an adhesive, also serves as a slow-release fertilizer.

In actual construction, in addition to the above-mentioned materials, peat moss and its similar substances are also mixed as a soil conditioner.

Therefore, recently, organic sewage sludge, domestic waste, industrial waste, etc. are turned into powder using a special method, turned into compost material, a sticky substance is added to this material, and the material is sprayed onto the slope to a predetermined thickness. A technology has been developed to attach plants and form a vegetation base.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, the above-mentioned peat moss and its analogues are expensive because they are imported products. Therefore, an alternative material has been sought, but at present there is no suitable material. Furthermore, the quality of mountain sand used as a base material is not stable, so there is a risk that a uniform construction effect may not be obtained. Furthermore, although the quality of black soil is stable, it is expensive and difficult to procure due to shortage. In addition, it is necessary to prepare a large quantity depending on the spraying area and spraying thickness in a vast construction site, which increases the construction cost required for procurement, and the extraction of black soil and mountain sand destroys the greenery. It can also be a cause.

On the other hand, raw sludge and other domestic or industrial wastes are generated in large quantities every day in public sewage systems, and their disposal or incineration has become a serious social problem in connection with the prevention of environmental destruction.

On the other hand, organic sewage sludge, domestic waste, industrial waste, etc. is converted into powdered compost material using a special method, and a sticky substance is added to this material and sprayed onto the slope to form a vegetation base. What we do is that we can process these various types of waste, and
It has the advantage of being effectively used as a soil improvement material.
However, on the other hand, the various wastes mentioned above may contain toxic substances or harmful components such as mercury, lead, arsenic, zinc, copper, etc., although in very small amounts. Therefore, there is a problem that the above-mentioned harmful components contained in the vegetation base formed by spraying on the slope surface may penetrate into the ground, destroy the geology, and have a great adverse effect on living things.

[Means to solve the problem]

The present invention eliminates the use of peat moss, mountain sand, fertilizer, etc. for soil improvement when forming a vegetation base in conventional slope greening work, and utilizes sewage sludge, domestic waste, or industrial waste as powdered compost material. Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems by suppressing the outflow of harmful substances contained in the wastes.

In order to achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present invention is to
In a method for forming a vegetation base in slope greening work, organic sewage sludge or domestic waste or industrial waste is put into a fermentation machine, a porous moisture control material and fermentation bacteria are added thereto, and then the fermentation process is carried out. Granulated or powdered compost fermented by a machine,
Granulated or powdered incineration ash obtained by incinerating organic sewage sludge, domestic waste, or industrial waste is added, and the flying powder produced during the refining of konjac flour and charcoal powder are added and mixed to form a mortar. A spraying machine is used to spray the base material onto the slope surface to a predetermined thickness while mixing water with the nozzle.

Further, the second aspect of the present invention is the method for forming a vegetation base in slope greening work according to the first invention, in which a net body having a curing material and seeds on the lower surface is closely stretched over the surface of the base material. It is something that

Furthermore, the third aspect of the present invention is the method for forming a vegetation base in slope greening work according to the first aspect, in which the surface of the base material is sprayed with seeds.

[Effect]

To explain the effect based on the above means, the base material for vegetation is produced in the following manner. That is, organic sewage sludge, domestic waste, or industrial waste is put into a fermentation machine, a porous moisture control material and fermentation bacteria are added thereto, and then fermented by the fermentation machine to form granules or powder. Freshly made compost is used as a base material, and at the same time, it can also be used as fertilizer.

In addition, incineration ash, which is granulated or powdered by incinerating organic sewage sludge, domestic waste, or industrial waste, has water retention and permeability effects similar to mountain sand, and plays a role in oxygen supply. It also has the function of promoting the fertilizing effect of organic fertilizers and compost.

Furthermore, the flying powder functions as an adhesive to prevent soil erosion and as a fertilizer.

In addition to the purpose of using charcoal powder as a soil improvement material, in the present invention, charcoal powder is particularly used as compost made by fermenting organic sewage sludge, domestic waste, or industrial waste, and incinerated incineration ash as a vegetation base. Since charcoal is used as a base material, the toxic or harmful components contained therein, although in trace amounts, are adsorbed by the charcoal powder and function as a preventive measure against outflow.

The above-mentioned compost, incineration ash, adhesive material, and charcoal powder are stirred and mixed, then put into a mortar spraying machine, and using the nozzle of the machine, they are mixed with water during spraying and are used for planting or seed spraying on slopes. A vegetation base is formed by spraying to a predetermined thickness suitable for application.

When a net containing a curing material and seeds is closely stretched over the surface of the vegetation base, the crude vegetable fibers forming the curing material are placed on the underside of the synthetic resin net to a predetermined thickness. Spread the netting, entangle the seeds with it so that they do not fall, and use anchors to secure the nets at appropriate locations so that they are tightly attached to the base material.

When spraying seeds onto the surface of the base material, the seeds are mixed with water and a fiber-compatible protective material using a stirrer, and then sprayed onto the surface of the base material using a spraying machine.

〔Example〕

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Examples of the method for forming a vegetation base in slope greening work according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Sewage sludge is mainly composed of sludge and other raw sludge generated from public sewers, and domestic waste is
Household cooking scraps such as vegetables and fish, other garbage, and industrial waste include a large amount of fish and meat scraps and food processing residue.

Among organic waste, porous moisture control material
In the case of sewage sludge with a high moisture content, it is used to lower the moisture content, and specifically, the above-mentioned incineration ash, granular materials obtained by crushing pumice, ceramics, and calcination processing such as pearlite are used. products, plant-based products, etc.

Fermenting bacteria thrive under certain conditions, namely moisture, temperature,
Satisfying the three oxygen conditions can create conditions in which microorganisms are most likely to thrive. For example, first, the moisture content is adjusted to 55% to 60% and dehydrated, and the temperature is 55℃ to 55℃.
Keep it at 65℃. When mixed into organic waste under the above conditions, it rapidly multiplies while decomposing and vaporizing water and fats and oils, and has the property of causing a fermentation phenomenon. Furthermore, sufficient oxygen supply is maintained by periodic stirring.

The base material is formed by mixing the organic waste such as sewage sludge, domestic waste, industrial waste, etc. with a porous moisture control material and fermentation bacteria in a fermentation machine, stirring it, and fermenting it for a predetermined period of time. By allowing the time to pass, compost with a lower moisture content than the initial moisture content is created. Granulated or powdered incineration ash obtained by incinerating organic sewage sludge, domestic waste, or industrial waste is added to this compost, and the flying powder and charcoal powder produced during the refining of konjac powder are added and mixed. Using a mortar spraying machine, the mortar is sprayed onto the slope to form a base material of a predetermined thickness while mixing water with the nozzle.

The flying powder used in forming the base material has the function of an adhesive to prevent soil erosion and the function of a fertilizer, and is called PMC (registered trademark).
Powder produced during the refining of konjac flour is most suitable, but similar powder or granule forms may be used as long as they are vegetable-based and have the above-mentioned functions.

In addition, in the method of forming a vegetation base in slope greening work, when a net with seeds is stretched over the surface of the vegetation base layer 2, polyethylene or a similar material forming the net body 3 is used.
Spread the vegetable crude fiber curing material 4 on a square of about mm x 12 mm or 20 mm x 25 mm, entangle the seeds 5 with this so that they do not fall, and turn the sides of the curing material 4 and seeds 5 downward. The net body 3 is stretched in close contact with the surface of the vegetation base layer 2 formed by spraying on the slope 1.

In addition, when spraying seeds on the surface of the base layer 2 in the method of forming a vegetation base in slope greening work, water is poured into the stirring layer, and then the protective material,
After randomly selected seeds are added in the order, they are sprayed onto the surface of the vegetation base layer 2 using a nozzle jet while stirring.

() ``Base material manufacturing process'' Approximately 1 ton of sludge with a moisture content of 80-85% is produced from 2,000 ton of public sewage.

The above-mentioned sludge is put into an existing fermentation machine, and then a porous moisture control material and fermentation bacteria are put into the fermentation machine and mixed. After 8 to 100 hours, depending on the amount of the mixture, the sludge is fermented and its moisture content is reduced to 20%, yielding a somewhat dry compost.

Add the above-mentioned compost and granulated or powdered incineration ash obtained by incinerating organic sewage sludge, domestic waste, or industrial waste, and add the flying powder produced during the refining of konjac powder and charcoal powder to it. Then, using a mortar spraying machine, spray the mortar onto the slope surface to form a base layer of a predetermined thickness while mixing water with the nozzle.

() "Example of Construction of Vegetation Base" Next, an example of construction of the vegetation base according to the present invention will be described. First, an example of the blending ratio for forming the vegetation base is as follows.

・ Spraying area 100.0m ²・ Spraying thickness 5.0cm ・ Base material (compost) 3.6m ³ (Incineration ash) 5.4m ³・ Flying powder (PMZI = registered trademark) 135.0Kg ・ Charcoal powder 350.0Kg ・ Fertilizer (coating) Fertilizer) 10.0Kg When carrying out construction using the above mixing ratio, floating stones, wood chips, etc. from slope 1 should be removed in advance.

Next, the above materials are introduced into an existing mortar spraying machine using a belt conveyor, shovel, etc.
Send compressed air from the compressor and start spraying from the injection nozzle. At this time, water sent from the power sprayer (the amount used is based on the base material)
1,500 to 2,100) is added to the nozzle portion and sprayed substantially uniformly onto the slope surface 1 while mixing to form a vegetation base layer 2 of a predetermined thickness.

When a greening net work is applied to the surface of the vegetation base layer 2, it is performed in the following manner.

- Net body (with curing material) 120m ² (12mm x 12mm, 20mm x 25mm for forest protection) (12mm x 12mm, 20mm x 25mm for general use) - Seeds 1.0Kg (Kentatsuki-31-Fuesk, Clean Pin Gretz, etc.) - Anchor (Main) 15 pieces / Auxiliary anchors (mesh skewers) 300 pieces A curing material 4 made of vegetable coarse fiber is spread on the net body 3 described above, and the seeds 5 are entangled with this so as not to fall off, and the net body is The curing material/seeds are tightly placed on the surface of the vegetation base layer 2 formed on the slope 1, facing downward.

In addition, in the seed spraying process for the vegetation base layer 2, water → protective material (fiber) → seeds are poured into a stirring tank in the order of water, and while stirring, the spray nozzle of the spraying machine is applied to the surface of the vegetation base layer 2 evenly. Spray.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Since the present invention has the above configuration, in the method for forming a vegetation base in slope greening work according to claim 1, mountain sand and black soil or peat moss as a soil improvement material can be used to form the base material as conventionally. Instead of using similar products, organic sewage sludge and other wastes are fermented by adding fermentation bacteria and a porous moisture control material that is breathable and provides sufficient oxygen supply. Compost is made, and granulated or powdered incineration ash obtained by incinerating organic sewage sludge, domestic waste, or industrial waste is added to this compost, and the flying powder produced during the refining of konjac powder and charcoal powder are added to the compost. Soil improvement is accomplished by mixing the mixture and using a mortar spraying machine to mix water into the nozzle and spray it onto the slope to form a base material of a predetermined thickness. This eliminates the need for mountain sand, peat moss, or similar materials, as well as chemical adhesives such as polyvinyl acetate and asphalt emulsion, which were previously used, making the effective use of waste that can lead to pollution and the maintenance of environmental protection possible. The production cost of the vegetation base can be significantly reduced.

In addition, it usually takes two years to naturally ferment organic household waste and industrial waste, but as in the present invention, a porous moisture control material and fermentation bacteria are added to the waste in a fermentation machine to carry out fermentation. By doing so, compost with uniform moisture content can be obtained.

Furthermore, since a large amount of the microorganisms inside the soil necessary for greening are used in the fermentation stage, the resulting compost contains many microorganisms. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a quality almost equivalent to that of a natural product.

The charcoal powder mixed into the base material has strong adsorption properties and 200 to 200 g/g.
By having a large adsorption area of about ^300m2 ,
Even if the vegetation base layer sprayed onto the slope contains trace amounts of toxic or harmful components, such as heavy metals such as mercury or zinc, the charcoal powder will remove the heavy metals and other toxic and harmful components. It can reliably adsorb harmful components and prevent them from leaking outside. This eliminates geological destruction and adverse effects on living things, and has the effect of environmental conservation.

Moreover, public sewage sludge, organic domestic waste,
It goes without saying that industrial waste can be effectively used to form a vegetation base in slope greening work, and raw sludge generated from public sewers can also be digested without waste, making it possible to effectively use industrial waste to form a vegetation base in slope greening work. It is novel and useful as a method of forming a foundation.

In addition, in the structure in which the net body is stretched over the vegetation base layer according to claim 2, the roots are securely attached to the base layer and covered with a protective material until they germinate to reliably prevent runoff from rainwater.

In addition, in the method of spraying seeds onto a vegetation base layer according to claim 3, the seeds are well adapted to the base layer of compost, stable root establishment is achieved, and the yield of germination and growth is good.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an example of the method for forming a vegetation base in slope greening work according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the construction slope, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a part of the net with curing material and seeds facing upward. 1...Slope surface, 2...Vegetation base layer, 3...Synthetic resin net body, 4...Curing material made of vegetable crude fiber, 5...Seeds.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Organic sewage sludge, domestic waste, or industrial waste is put into a fermentation machine, a porous moisture control material and fermentation bacteria are added thereto, and then fermentation is carried out by the fermentation machine. granulated or powdered compost;
Granulated or powdered incineration ash obtained by incinerating organic sewage sludge, domestic waste, or industrial waste is added, and the flying powder produced during the refining of konjac flour and charcoal powder are added and mixed to form a mortar. A method for forming a vegetation base in slope greening work, characterized by using a spraying machine and spraying the slope surface to form a base layer of a predetermined thickness while mixing water when spraying the nozzle. 2. The method for forming a vegetation base in slope greening work according to claim 1, characterized in that a net body having a curing material and seeds on the lower surface is closely stretched over the surface of the base material. 3. The method for forming a vegetation base in slope greening work according to claim 1, characterized in that a seed spraying process is performed on the surface of the base material.