JPH04356272A - Forward and backward motion switching device of industrial vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a forward and backward motion switching device by which an industrial vehicle can be steered and switched from forward to backward motion and vice versa with one hand or the switching of forward and backward motion can be performed by both hands simultaneously with the steering of a load lever. CONSTITUTION:A forward and backward motion switching device for industrial vehicles is comprised of a knob 3 provided to a steering wheel 2 in such a manner as freely idling in order to turn the steering wheel 2, and a control portion provided to the knob 3 and being controllable simultaneously with the steering.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a forward/reverse switching device for an industrial vehicle.

0002

2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-221097 discloses a travel control circuit for a battery-powered industrial vehicle that switches between forward and backward travel by switching the rotational direction of a travel motor. In this type of travel control circuit, the travel motor is controlled by manually operating a forward/reverse selector switch that has a forward contact that issues a forward operation signal, a reverse contact that issues a reverse operation signal, and a neutral position that does not drive the travel motor. control the data.

In FIG. 13, a steering shaft case 101 of a steering wheel 100 operated with the left hand is provided with a forward/reverse changeover switch 102 and a forward/reverse changeover lever 103 for operating the forward/reverse changeover switch 102. Fig. 14 is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 2-14113, in which a forward/reverse changeover switch 202 and a forward/reverse changeover lever 203 are provided on one of the cargo handling levers 200 for hydraulic control operated with the right hand. .

[0004] Furthermore, the steering wheel of this type of industrial vehicle is provided with a freely rotatable knob for one-handed operation of the steering wheel, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 60-213568. Common.

[0005]

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, FIG.
In the arrangement of the forward/reverse selector switch shown in the figure, the driver must take his hand off the cargo handling lever to operate the forward/reverse selector lever, and must operate the cargo handling lever and the forward/reverse selector lever at the same time. I couldn't do it. Furthermore, with the arrangement of the forward/reverse selector switch shown in Fig. 14, the driver can operate the forward/reverse selector lever without taking his hand off the cargo handling lever.
There are usually multiple cargo handling levers, such as lift levers and tilt levers, and if you are operating a cargo handling lever that is not equipped with a forward/reverse switching lever, operate the forward/reverse switching lever. Can not do it. In the case of industrial vehicles in particular, it is necessary to accurately align the load and vehicle position and turn in narrow spaces, so the forward/reverse switching lever is used frequently, leaving room for improvement in driver operability. .

The present invention was made in view of these problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a forward/reverse switching device for an industrial vehicle that can be operated reliably without taking your hands off the cargo handling lever or steering wheel. This is an issue that must be resolved.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems] A forward/reverse switching device for an industrial vehicle according to the present invention includes a knob rotatably mounted on a steering wheel, and a forward/forward switching switch built into the knob. The operating section of the switch is characterized in that it protrudes from the knob so that it can be operated simultaneously with steering.

[0008] The forward/reverse selector switch can be composed of a single three-point selector switch, or it can also be composed of an operating lever (operating section in the present invention), a forward microswitch, and a reverse microswitch. . In this case, forward movement of the control lever operates the forward movement microswitch, and movement of the control lever backward movement operates the reverse movement microswitch. Of course, it is also possible to operate the forward microswitch and the reverse microswitch with different fingers.

[0009]

[Operation and Effects of the Invention] The forward/reverse changeover switch of the forward/reverse changeover device of the present invention is disposed on a knob for rotating the steering wheel that is freely rotatable on the steering wheel. Operated simultaneously with fingers. In other words, since the forward/reverse selector switch is provided on the knob for turning the steering wheel, the forward/reverse selector switch can be operated without taking your hand off the knob, and the cargo handling lever and the forward/reverse selector switch can be securely connected. Can operate simultaneously. Additionally, steering and forward/backward switching can be done simultaneously with one hand. Furthermore, it is possible to switch between forward and backward movement during cargo handling operations and during steering, and the operation is simple and reliable because there is no need to take your hands off the steering wheel knob or the cargo handling lever.

0010

【Example】

(Embodiment 1) An example of a forward/reverse switching device of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. Figure 1 shows the driver's seat of a battery-powered forklift, with a steering wheel 2 in front of the driver's seat.
and two cargo handling levers 30 are provided. The cargo handling lever 30 operates a microswitch (not shown) by tilting to control a solenoid-driven control valve (not shown), and this control valve controls the supply of hydraulic pressure to a hydraulic cylinder for cargo handling. The steering wheel 2 is rotatably supported at the upper end of a steering shaft case 21 which is rotatably erected from the floor of the driver's seat, and a forward/reverse changeover switch 1 is provided on a knob 3 of the steering wheel 2. ing.

Partially enlarged plan views of the steering wheel 2 are shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, and a partially enlarged longitudinal side view thereof is shown in FIG. The steering wheel 2 has a ring-shaped wheel portion 21
and a plate portion 22 whose both ends are supported by the wheel portion 21.
The knob 3 is arranged on the upper surface of the plate part 22, and the knob shaft 31 of the knob 3 is fitted into the plate part 22 so as to be freely rotatable. Furthermore, the knob shaft 31
Three slip rings 32 are fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the plate portion 22, and a slider 23 that is slidable relative to the slip rings 32 is provided inside the plate portion 22. Also,
A steering shaft support member 26 is provided at the lower center of the steering wheel 2, into which the steering shaft 24 is rotatably inserted.
The upper surface of the steering shaft support member 26 faces the lower surface of the center of the steering wheel 2. Three slip rings 33 are concentrically embedded in the upper surface of the steering shaft support member 26, and a slider 27 that can freely slide on the slip rings extends downward from the lower surface of the center of the steering wheel 2. ing.

The forward/reverse changeover switch 1 is a three-point changeover switch having three positions: a forward position, a stop position, and a reverse position.
is built in, and only the operating section 12 protrudes from the side surface of the knob 3 in the horizontal direction. FIG. 2 shows a case where the operating section 12 is tilted to the forward position, FIG. 3 shows a case where the operating section 12 is tilted to the reverse position, and FIG. 4 shows a case where the operating section 12 is tilted to the stop position. Such a multi-point changeover switch having three or more switching positions is well known, and a description of its internal structure and operation will be omitted.

FIG. 6 shows a control circuit that outputs a forward signal and a reverse signal based on the operation of the forward/reverse selector switch 1. The common contact C of the forward/reverse changeover switch 1 contacts the forward contact F when the operating section 12 is tilted to the forward position, and as a result, the forward relay 91 has a slip ring 33, a slider 27, and a slider. child 23, slip ring 32,
Forward/forward switching switch 1, slip ring 32, slider 2
3. Battery voltage is applied through the slider 27 and slip ring 33.

The common contact C of the forward/reverse selector switch 1 comes into contact with the reverse contact R when the operating section 12 is tilted to the reverse position, and as a result, the reverse relay 92 is connected to the slip ring 33.
, the slider 27 , the slider 23 , the slip ring 32 , the forward/reverse changeover switch 1 , the reverse contact, the slip ring 33 , the slider 27 , the slider 23 , the slip ring 32 to which battery voltage is applied.

[0015] Also, the operating section 12 of the forward/reverse selector switch 1
is in the stop position (see Figure 4), the movable piece 19 of the forward/reverse selector switch 1 is in the neutral position (shown by the solid line in Figure 6).
As a result, forward relay 91 and reverse relay 92
is blocked. FIG. 7 shows a travel control circuit that controls the travel motor M. This travel control circuit is a control circuit for a cargo handling motor M used in an electric cargo handling device mounted on a battery-powered cargo handling vehicle, and the cargo handling motor M, which is a direct current series motor, is - Mature 4 and forward contactor 3
0 and a field coil 5 connected between the reversing contactor 40, and vertically moves an electric cargo handling lift device (not shown) via a deceleration device (not shown). One end of the armature 4 is connected to the positive end of the battery 1 via a fuse F1, and the other end of the armature 4 is connected to one of the rising contactor 30 and the falling contactor 4, which are changeover switches. Connected to the switching contact. The other switching contacts of the ascending contactor 3 and the descending contactor 40 are connected to the negative terminal of the battery 1 via a chopper circuit 50. The ascending contactor 30 and the descending contactor 40 are switched by magnetic coils 3a and 4a, respectively, and the coil 3
a and 4a are a fuse 51 and a start switch (not shown)
Normally open contact 52, highest limit switch 53
, the lowest limit switch 54 , a normally open contact 55 of a relay 91 , and a normally open contact 56 of a relay 92 . However, the magnet coil 3a has contact 5
5 and to each of the elements 51 to 54 in series through a contact 56 of the magnet coil 4a.

Therefore, when the forward/reverse selector switch 1 is operated to activate the relay 91 or 92, the contactor 30 or 40 falls to the chopper circuit 50 side through the magnet coil 3a or 4a, and the travel motor M is connected through the chopper circuit 50. rotates forward or reverse. According to this embodiment, a simple three-point changeover switch is used as the forward/reverse changeover switch, and a forward/reverse changeover lever is omitted, so that the vehicle can be made smaller and can be easily operated with fingers. (Example 2) Another example is shown in FIG.

The forward/reverse selector switch of this embodiment housed in the knob includes a forward microswitch 61, a reverse microswitch 62, and a forward/reverse selector lever (operating section in the present invention) 63. The forward/reverse switching lever 63 is rotatably supported on the knob 3 about the axis C1. A ball 64 is fitted into the tip of the forward/reverse switching lever 63, and the ball 64 is urged outward by a spring 65 housed inside the forward/reverse switching lever 63. Due to this bias, the ball 64 is stably held in one of the three recesses 67, 68, and 69 provided in the positioning plate 66 inside the knob 3. When the forward/reverse switching lever 63 is moved, it moves from the recess 68 at the neutral position to the recesses 67 and 69 at the forward or reverse position, and the forward micro switch 61 is moved.
and the reverse microswitch 62 is activated. (Embodiment 3) Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 9, which is a front view of the knob, and FIG. 10, which is a plan view of the steering wheel.

In this embodiment, a switch support plate 71 is provided horizontally protruding from the side surface of the knob 3, and a forward/reverse changeover switch 1 is provided on this switch support plate 71. In this way, the forward/reverse selector switch 1 can be smoothly operated with the thumb of the left hand. (Embodiment 4) Another embodiment is shown in FIG.

In this embodiment, a forward/backward switching lever 81 is provided on the flat upper surface of the knob 3, and by rotation of the lever 81, the forward movement micro-controller housed in the knob 3 is moved in the same arrangement as that shown in FIG. Operate the switch and reverse micro switch. (Example 5) Another example is shown in FIG.

In this embodiment, the grip portion 38 of the knob 3 is pivotally supported at the tip of the knob body 39. And the knob body 3
The forward microswitch 6 described in Example 2 is installed inside the 9.
1, a reverse microswitch 62, a ball 64, and a positioning plate 66. When the grip portion 38 is tilted, a lever 80 hanging down from the bottom of the grip portion 38 operates the forward microswitch 61 or the reverse microswitch 62.

According to this embodiment, since the grip portion 38 itself also serves as a front/rear switching lever, the operation becomes easy.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a driver's seat for explaining one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged plan view of the steering wheel of the above embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged plan view of the steering wheel of the above embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged plan view of the steering wheel of the above embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged side view of the steering wheel of the above embodiment;

[Figure 6] Control circuit diagram for forward/reverse signal output,

[Figure 7] Control circuit diagram of the travel motor,

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a knob showing Example 2;

FIG. 9 is a front view of a knob showing Example 3;

FIG. 10 is a plan view of a steering wheel showing Embodiment 3;

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a knob showing Example 4;

FIG. 12 is a side view of a knob showing Example 5;

FIG. 13 is a front view showing a conventional driver's seat;

FIG. 14 is a front view showing a conventional driver's seat;

[Explanation of symbols]

1 is forward/forward switch 2 is the steering wheel 3 is a knob

Claims (1)

[Claims] [Claim 1] A steering wheel includes a knob rotatably mounted on a steering wheel, and a forward/reverse selector switch built into the knob, and an operation part of the switch protrudes from the knob so that it can be operated simultaneously with steering. A forward/reverse switching device for an industrial vehicle, characterized by: