JPH04327686A - Excavator for soil - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the clogging of stone, gravel, etc., having large grain size in a suction path, and to increase suction force in an excavator for soil constituted so as to suck up crushed soil and sand by negative-pressure suction force generated in the hollow cylinder of an excavating cylinder and transfer and discharge crushed soil and sand. CONSTITUTION:A cutting tip 46 is mounted and blowholes 45 for compressed air are formed on the circumferential section of a lower end while an internal opening 40c, which is connected to a suction path, a diameter of which is reduced downward and which is tilted in the radial direction, is formed in an excavating cylinder port 40a shaped at the lower end of a rotated and driven hollow excavating cylinder 40. The negative-pressure suction force of a blower for vacuum suction is introduced into the internal opening 40c of the excavating cylinder port 40a by a vacuum duct 15, and compressed air from a blast source is introduced into the blowholes 45 by a hose 51. The cutting tip 46 and the blowholes 45 are turned with the revolution of the excavating cylinder port 40a and soil and sand are crushed, and the internal opening 40c of the excavating cylinder port 40a revolved to the axis of rotation sucks crushed soil and sand into the hollow cylinder 42 of the excavating cylinder 40 by strong suction force extending over a wide range.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a soil excavation device that pneumatically crushes the soil surface using pressurized air and sucks and discharges the crushed soil by sucking up the crushed soil using vacuum suction force. In a soil excavation device that simultaneously performs the air crushing action of soil and the suction removal action of crushed earth and sand through an upright hollow excavation cylinder, the suction and removal action of crushed earth and sand is smoothly performed. Concerning an improved soil excavation device.

0002

[Prior Art] When excavating soil under roads, etc.,
Because piping such as gas piping, water piping, or cable passages are buried in the soil, the bucket is moved into the soil using mechanical force like a generally known shovel-type excavator. With excavators of the type that plunge into the soil, problems occur during excavation work, such as the bucket being driven into the soil crushing and damaging buried objects, or digging up and destroying buried objects.

[0003] As an excavator that does not damage or destroy objects buried in the ground, there has been a conventional excavator, for example, disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-22222.
A vacuum excavator shown in the prior art described in Publication No. 8 is known. This vacuum excavator is equipped with an earth and sand suction port at the tip of a vacuum hose connected to a suction blower, and the operator points the earth and sand suction port of the hose to face the soil surface to be excavated. According to this type of vacuum excavator, excavation progresses by sucking up the earth and sand using the suction force from the blower. Problems such as damage or destruction of buried structures will not occur.

0004

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Conventionally known vacuum excavators have only the function of sucking up earth and sand using the vacuum suction force from a blower, but do not have the function of crushing the soil surface to be excavated. Therefore, before excavation work, it is necessary for the worker to break down the soil surface at the excavated location using a separately prepared excavation rod or the like and crush the soil to a state that can be sucked and removed in advance.

[0005] For this reason, during excavation work, there is an inconvenience in that another worker is required to link the work process of breaking down the soil surface in advance, and the work of breaking down the soil surface is performed manually. In addition to requiring extremely hard labor, the work of manually breaking down the soil has limited capacity and requires a large amount of time.

In view of these problems, the present invention is based on a vacuum excavation method that does not damage or destroy buried objects.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a soil excavation device that is capable of simultaneously and efficiently carrying out the function of breaking down the soil surface and the function of suctioning and discharging earth and sand, and also capable of smoothly carrying out the function of suctioning and discharging crushed earth and sand. purpose.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve this object, an apparatus according to the present invention includes a vacuum suction blower, a sediment collection chamber provided in communication with a suction path of the blower, and a vacuum pump in the sediment collection chamber. It has a hollow cylindrical excavation tube that communicates with the excavation tube through a duct, the said excavation tube is supported by a support member so as to be vertically movable with the hollow axis standing upright on the soil surface, and the lower end of the excavation tube has a tube opening. In the soil excavation device, the soil excavation device is configured to air crush the soil surface by blowing more pressurized air, and suck the crushed soil into a hollow excavation tube that communicates with a vacuum duct to transfer and discharge the soil. The tube has an excavation tube mouth with a larger diameter at its lower end, and the excavation tube mouth has a blowhole at its lower circumference that communicates with a blowing source and blows pressurized air toward the soil surface, and a lower circumferential edge. It is provided with a cutting tip fixedly protruding downward, and a means for rotating the excavation tube in one direction or in a reciprocating direction in the circumferential direction. It has the same diameter as the inside diameter of the hollow cylinder of the excavation cylinder, and its lower end is narrowed to a smaller diameter to form a tapered suction port. Further, the internal opening of the excavation tube mouth described above is characterized in that the suction port at the lower end is deviated in the radial direction of the excavation tube mouth and opened obliquely with respect to the axis of the hollow cylinder.

[0008]

[Operation] According to the excavation device configured as described above, the hollow excavation tube that stands upright on the soil surface can be accessed from the circumference of the excavation tube opening formed at the lower end of the excavation tube. Pressurized air is blown towards the soil surface of the enclosed compartment area,
The air pressure is used to break down the soil surface. In addition, at this time, a cutting tip is provided on the circumference of the lower end of the above-mentioned excavation tube mouth, which is attached to the blowhole and projects downward. Since it rotates in the direction, the cutting tip mentioned above rotates while disturbing the stones, etc. that are interposed in the soil, and this disturbance effect, combined with the effect of air pressure, causes the soil to collapse extremely. This is effectively accomplished and the crushed soil can be broken down into fine particles that are easy to transport by air current.

In this process, the above-mentioned crushed earth and sand flows into the hollow cylinder from the internal opening of the excavation cylinder mouth because a negative pressure suction force is applied to the lower end of the excavation cylinder mouth through the hollow cylinder of the excavation cylinder leading to the vacuum duct. The soil is sucked up into the soil collection chamber from its upper end via a vacuum duct. At this time, the internal opening of the excavation tube mouth has an upper end that has the same diameter as the hollow cylinder inner diameter of the excavation tube that serves as a suction passage for earth and sand, and a lower end that is narrowed to a smaller diameter to form a tapered suction opening. This prevents the suction of soil clods, stones, etc. that have a particle size larger than the inner diameter of the hollow excavation tube that serves as the suction passage.
Further, the negative pressure for suction is increased because the suction port opened at the lower end of the internal opening is narrowed to a small diameter, and the suction force at the suction port becomes strong. As a result, the suction transfer action of the crushed earth and sand is smoothed, and the soil uprooting and the suction removal action of the crushed earth and sand are simultaneously and efficiently carried out by the excavation tube mouth that stands upright on the soil surface. Soil excavation is carried out in such a way that it penetrates deeply and a hole of the required depth is formed in the soil surface.

Furthermore, when the suction port is deviated in the radial direction of the excavation tube mouth and opened obliquely to the axis of the hollow cylinder, the suction port rotates as the excavation tube rotates. In particular, the suction area by the suction port becomes substantially wider, the suction force acts on the entire partitioned area surrounded by the lower end of the excavation tube mouth, and there is no drop in negative pressure.

[0011]

Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be explained based on the drawings. In FIG. 1, 1 is a low-floor truck that serves as the main body of the vacuum excavator, and the front part is equipped with a driver's seat 2. On the chassis 3 of the truck 1, there is an engine 4 and
It is equipped with a vacuum suction blower 5 driven by a vacuum suction blower 5, a box-shaped filter chamber 6 installed on the suction path of the blower 5, and a sediment collection chamber 7 communicated with this. This is a more well-known one.

The vacuum suction blower 5 is communicated with the filter chamber 6 via a communication pipe 8 connected to its suction path. The filter chamber 6 is vertically partitioned by a partition plate 6c into an exhaust chamber 6a at the upper part and a suction chamber 6b at the lower part, and the communication pipe 8 is communicated with the exhaust chamber 6a divided at the upper part. A plurality of bellows-shaped filter bags 9 are suspended from the partition plate 6c and are suspended in the lower suction chamber 6b. The support plate 10 is connected and fixed, and the support plate 10 is elastically supported on the bottom wall surface of the filter chamber 6 via a tension coil spring 11. The suction airflow in the filter chamber 6 enters the filter bag 9 through the opening provided in the support plate 10 as shown by the arrow, passes through the cylindrical wall of the filter bag 9, and passes through the outlet opening provided in the upper partition plate 6c. The structure is such that fine dirt particles mixed into the airflow in the process of flowing into the upper exhaust chamber 6a are removed by a filtering action, and the bottom of the filter chamber 6 is connected to the dirt collection chamber 7 through a communication path 12. It is connected to the top of the.

The earth and sand collection chamber 7 has an earth and sand inlet 7a opened at a high position on the rear wall, and a flexible vacuum duct 15 is connected to this. Above earth and sand inlet 7
Collision plate 1 disposed obliquely in collection chamber 7 opposite to a
3 is elastically supported to be movable up and down using one end as a fulcrum, and when the earth and sand that is suctioned and injected from the earth and sand inlet 7a through the vacuum duct 15 collides with this collision plate 13, the earth and sand with high specific gravity collide. The dirt falls downward and accumulates at the bottom of the collection chamber 7, and a light air flow bypasses the upper part of the collection chamber 7 and flows from the communication passage 12 to the bottom of the filter chamber 6. The bottom of the earth and sand collection chamber 7 has a door 14 that can be opened and closed, and by opening this door, the collected earth and sand accumulated at the bottom can be discharged to the outside.

In the present invention, a connecting fitting 1 having a U-shaped cross section extending in the left-right direction is provided at the rear of the chassis 3 of the truck 1.
8, and a boom 20 extending in the front-rear direction is connected to this connecting fitting 18 via a hitch pin 19. The boom 20 has an inner cylinder 2 with respect to an outer cylinder 20a so as to be able to expand and contract.
A mounting plate 21 is fixedly installed at the end of the inner cylinder 20b, and a boot is inserted through the mounting plate 21 into the inner cylinder 20b.
A support pedestal 22 for the excavation device is removably fixed to the end of the ram 20. The support frame 22 is connected to the mounting plate 21.
A vertical frame with a mounting plate 23 bonded and fixed to the
A lifting guide column 27 is installed vertically through support members 25 and 26 attached to the upper and lower ends of the vertical frame 24, and a hydraulic cylinder mechanism 28 is connected to the lower part of the vertical frame 24. It has a pair of left and right outriggers 29 that can be extended and retracted up and down, and a moving wheel 30.
By bringing the support frame 22 into contact with the soil surface, the support frame 22 can be grounded and fixed to the soil surface.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of the excavation apparatus according to the present invention, in which a lifting guide column 27 provided on a support frame 22 has a rack 27a formed on one side of the column made of square pipe material. The guide column 27 has an elevating body 35 that moves up and down along the guide column 27.
The support 27 is supported by a pinion 32 meshing with the pinion 7a and a pair of rollers 33 and 34 provided opposite to the support 27 so as to be raised and lowered. A handle 36 for lifting and lowering is provided at the end of the shaft of the pinion 32, and by rotating this handle 36, the lifting body 35
can be raised and lowered along the guide column 27, and although not shown, the elevating body 35 is equipped with a locking mechanism that restricts the rotation of the pinion 32, so that the elevating body 35 can be fixed at an appropriate position in the raised position. That's what I do. The above-mentioned elevating body 35
In this case, a hollow cylinder 42 is inserted into the excavation cylinder 40 via a fixture 35a provided therein, and is fixed vertically so that the axis of the cylinder stands upright on the soil surface. The hollow cylinder 42 has a double wall including an inner wall 42a and an outer wall 42b, and an annular air passage 43 is formed between both walls 42a and 42b.
The inside of the cylinder of the inner wall 42a is a hollow earth and sand suction passage 42c extending vertically, and the tip of the vacuum duct 15 is connected to the upper end of the hollow earth and sand suction passage 42c.

An excavation cylinder 40 is rotatably fitted on the outside of the hollow cylinder 42, and the excavation cylinder 40 is prevented from coming off in the axial direction of the hollow cylinder 42, and a cylinder is attached to the lower end of the excavation cylinder 40. A large-diameter excavation tube mouth 40a is formed. If the diameter of this excavation tube mouth 40a is larger than the diameter of the excavation tube 40, the divided area (excavation area) surrounded by the tube mouth 40a will be expanded, and at the same time, when the excavation tube 40 enters the soil as the excavation progresses. , the inner surface of the soil excavation hole and the excavation tube 40
The contact area is limited to the peripheral wall portion of the large-diameter excavation tube mouth 40a, and the contact area is small, which is preferable because it facilitates rotation of the excavation tube mouth 40a, which will be described later, and also facilitates extraction after excavation. This excavation tube mouth 40a is
As shown in FIG. 3, which is a view taken along the line A-A in FIG.
5 are opened downward at four locations in the circumferential direction,
Furthermore, cutting tips 46 as disturbance blades having a required width are fixed to the outer circumferential edge of the lower end of the excavation tube mouth 40a at four locations in the circumferential direction, out of phase with the jet nozzle 45, and projecting downward. Moreover, the internal opening 40b of the excavation cylinder mouth 40a is formed into a hole having the same diameter as the inner diameter of the hollow cylinder 42 whose upper end serves as a suction passage 42c for earth and sand, and is smoothly and rotatably connected to the hollow cylinder 42. The lower end is narrowed down to a smaller diameter to form a tapered suction port. The hole diameter at the suction port at the lower end may be slightly smaller than the hole diameter at the upper end, and is usually 80% to 9% of the hole diameter at the upper end.
It is about 8%, which is 64% to 9% according to the area ratio.
It becomes 6%. As a result, at the suction port at the lower end, the flow rate of air due to negative pressure increases by 1.04 to 1.56 times, which prevents clogging caused by large particles of earth, stones, etc., and also prevents the suction from becoming clogged. will be strengthened.

In this embodiment, the elevating body 35 is provided with a hydraulic motor 48 fixed via a support fitting 47, and this hydraulic motor 48 is driven by the hydraulic system installed in the truck 1. A pinion gear 49 attached to the drive shaft of the hydraulic motor 48 and a drive gear 5 that meshes with the pinion gear 49
0, the excavation cylinder 40 is rotated at a reduced speed in one circumferential direction or in a reciprocating direction. Further, an air hose 51 is connected to the upper part of the hollow cylinder 42 in communication with the air passage 43 formed between the inner wall 42a and the outer wall 42b of the hollow cylinder 42. The tip is connected to the exhaust system of the vacuum suction blower 5 mounted on the chassis 3 of the truck 1, and the exhaust from the blower 5 is
The air blowing means is configured to guide the air into the air passage 43 through the hose 51 and blow it as pressurized air from the blowhole 45 onto the soil surface.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show a second drilling device according to the present invention.
This is a sectional view showing an embodiment, and in this embodiment, an internal opening 40c provided at the center of an excavation cylinder mouth 40a has the same diameter at its upper end as the inner diameter of a hollow cylinder 42 that becomes a suction passage 42c for earth and sand. However, the suction port at the lower end is narrowed to a small diameter, and furthermore, it is deviated in the radial direction of the excavation cylinder mouth 40a and inclined obliquely with respect to the cylinder axis of the hollow cylinder 42. Since the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except for this point, corresponding components are given the same reference numerals and explanations thereof will be omitted. In this second embodiment, since the suction port at the lower end of the internal opening 40c is offset in the radial direction of the excavation tube opening 40a,
It revolves around the center of rotation as it rotates. Therefore, the lower end suction port of the internal opening 40c revolves in contact with the revolving trajectory, and the effective area for suctioning the earth and sand becomes substantially large, and the earth and sand are efficiently removed from the entire excavation part at the tip of the excavation tube opening 40a. Can be inhaled. Moreover, like the first embodiment,
Stones and gravel with large particle sizes are not attracted, and the suction force is strong. The lower end suction port of the internal opening 40c has a circumferential line on the rotation center side that almost coincides with the rotation center, and a circumferential line on the outer diameter side of the excavation tube mouth 40a is between the blowhole 45 and the rotation center. It is preferable that the distance is approximately the same and the position is out of phase with the jet nozzle 45. With this configuration, the earth and sand disturbed by the pressurized air ejected from the fumarole 45 is immediately sucked into the internal opening 40c, improving efficiency and reducing the amount of earth and sand flying up.

Next, an example of use and operation of the excavating apparatus constructed as described above will be explained. During excavation work, the truck 1 is moved to the place to be excavated, and the support pedestal 22 installed at the end of the boom 20 is first placed on the soil surface to be excavated so that the excavation cylinder 40 stands upright above it. is fixed to the ground by a pair of left and right outriggers 29. In this state, the lifting body 35 is moved by operating the handle 36.
The lifting guide column 27 is lifted to the raised position, thereby raising the excavation tube 40 and setting the excavation tube mouth 40a at the lower end thereof to be in contact with the soil surface level. At this time of setting, the excavation tube 40 has a lower end of the excavation tube opening 40a exerting a required pressing force against the soil surface due to the weight of the hollow tube 42, the elevating body 35, etc. that support it, and the guide column 27.
It is in a state of falling under its own weight along . If the above-mentioned pressing force is insufficient in terms of weight, add a separate weight, and if a larger pressing force is required due to hard or soft soil, rotate the handle 36 as necessary during the excavation operation. Alternatively, the excavation tube mouth 40a may be pressed and biased in the downward direction.

After the above-mentioned setting is completed, the engine 4 is started and the vacuum suction blower 5 is operated, and at the same time, the hydraulic motor 48 is driven by the hydraulic system installed in the truck 1 to move the excavation tube 40 in one direction or in a reciprocating direction. Rotate at a reduced speed. As a result, the vacuum suction force from the suction blower 5 is transferred from the communication pipe 8 to the filter chamber 6 to the sediment collection chamber 7 to the vacuum duct 1.
5→ acts on the earth and sand suction passage 42c in the cylinder of the hollow cylinder 42 that rotatably supports the excavation cylinder 40, and a suction upward airflow is generated in the cylinder. Meanwhile, at the same time, exhaust air (pressure air) from the suction blower 5 is introduced into the air passage 43 formed between the inner wall 42a and the outer wall 42b of the hollow cylinder 42 via the hose 51, and the pressure air is Fumes are emitted from the fumarole port 45 of the excavation tube mouth 40a which is opened in communication with this.

[0021] At this time, the above-mentioned pressurized air is blown against the soil surface of the divided area surrounded by the excavation tube opening 40a at the lower end of the excavation tube 40, and the fume of pressurized air is limited to the soil surface to be excavated. Since the fumes are concentrated, the air pressure efficiently contributes to the crushing action of the soil surface, and the air pressure is used to break down the soil surface. Further, in this case, the excavation tube 40 is rotated at a reduced speed in the circumferential direction, and the cutting tip 46 fixed to the outer peripheral edge of the lower end of the excavation tube mouth 40a rotates while disturbing stones, etc. interposed in the soil. Therefore, together with this disturbance effect, the above-mentioned soil upheaval by air pressure is effectively carried out. This air-crushed earth and sand floats inside the lower end of the excavation tube mouth 40a due to the reaction of the pressurized air flow ejected onto the soil surface, and this floating process promotes the finer grains of the earth and sand, and the hollow of the excavation tube 40. Internal opening 40b or 40c that connects to the earth and sand suction passage 42c in the cylinder 42 and rotates.
Large soil clods, stones, etc. that flow as if being sucked up immediately by the negative pressure suction force applied to the cylindrical opening 40b, which has a small diameter, and that may clog the dirt suction passage 42c or the vacuum duct 15, Or, since the suction is blocked by the suction port 40c, the flow of the earth and sand occurs smoothly and without clogging, and the suctioned earth and sand flows smoothly into the earth and sand absorption chamber 7 from the upper part of the hollow cylinder 42 through the vacuum duct 15. Soil will be collected and discharged.

Further, in the case of the second embodiment in which the internal opening 40c is an inclined taper hole, as mentioned above, the suction action area is large and substantially covers almost the entire area of the tip of the excavation opening 40a. Therefore, the suction collection of sediment can be carried out more efficiently.

As a result, the action of breaking down the soil surface and the suction action of the crushed earth and sand proceed simultaneously through the hollow excavation cylinder 40 erected on the soil surface, and as this progresses, the excavation The cylinder 40 is sequentially lowered along the lifting guide column 27, and excavation work is performed so that the excavation cylinder mouth 40a penetrates deeply into the soil to form a hole of a required depth. During this excavation work, if various types of piping such as gas pipes and water pipes are buried in the soil to be excavated, the excavation tube 40 is moved to the guide support 27 via the elevating body 35 by its own weight or by human power. Since it is configured to descend and stop descending when it comes into contact with a buried object, there is no problem of damaging or destroying the buried object.

[0024]

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the excavation device according to the present invention, the function of crushing (breaking down) the soil surface using air pressure and the function of suctioning and discharging crushed earth and sand using vacuum force are as follows.
Since the excavation tube 40 is placed upright on the soil surface, it is simultaneously carried out, so that it does not damage buried objects existing in the soil to be excavated.
Compared to vacuum excavators that have been used in the past as non-destructive excavators, excavation work can be carried out extremely efficiently. Further, the excavation tube 40 has a cutting tip 4 provided at the lower circumferential edge of the above-mentioned excavation tube mouth 40a and protruding downward along with a blowhole 45.
6 is provided, and the excavation tube 4 has an excavation tube opening 40a formed therein.
0 rotates in the circumferential direction around the cylindrical shaft, so the cutting tip 46 rotates while disturbing the stones, etc. that are interposed in the soil, and this disturbance action also occurs. In combination, the above-mentioned action of pushing down the soil by air pressure is achieved extremely effectively, and the disturbance action turns the crushed earth and sand into fine particles that are easily transported by air current, so the suction and removal action of the earth and sand described above also becomes smooth. can. In particular, the internal opening 40b in the large diameter excavation tube mouth 40a formed at the lower end of the above-mentioned excavation tube 40.
, 40c, the suction port at the lower end is formed into a tapered hole narrowed to a small diameter, so that it does not suck in large particles of soil, stones, etc. that may clog the suction path, and furthermore, the suction port at the lower end Since the flow path of the suction port is narrowed, the flow velocity in the suction portion increases, a strong negative pressure suction force is obtained, and the suction and removal action of crushed earth and sand is efficiently performed. Furthermore, if the lower end suction port of the internal opening is deviated in the radial direction of the excavation tube mouth 40a and opened obliquely with respect to the axis of the hollow cylinder, the suction port portion is Because it revolves with the
It is expanded to cover the entire area of the divided area surrounded by 0a, and effects such as further improvement in suction efficiency can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view, partially in section, of an embodiment of a drilling device according to the present invention.

[Fig. 2] A side view of the first embodiment of the soil surface excavation device, enlarged and partially shown in cross section.

[Figure 3] A-A arrow view in Figure 2

FIG. 4 is an enlarged side view showing a part of the second embodiment of the soil surface excavation device in cross section.

[Figure 5] B-B arrow view in Figure 4

[Explanation of symbols]

1 truck 2 driver seat
3 Chassis 4 Engine 5 Blower
6 Filter chamber 6a Upper exhaust chamber 6b Lower suction chamber
6c Partition plate 7 Sediment collection chamber 7a Sediment inlet 8 Communication pipe 9 Filter bag 10 Support plate
11 Tension coil spring 12 Passage 13 Collision plate 14 Door 15 Vacuum duct
18 Connecting fittings 19 Hitch pin 20 Boom
21, 23 Mounting plate 22 Support frame 24 Vertical frame
27 Elevating guide column 27a Rack 28 Hydraulic cylinder mechanism 29 Outrigger 32 Pinion 33, 34 Roller 35 Elevating body 36 Elevating handle 40 Excavation tube 40a Excavation tube mouth 40b, 40c Cylinder mouth opening 42 Hollow tube 42c
Sediment suction passage 43 Air passage 45 Fumarole 46 Cutting tip 48 Hydraulic motor

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A vacuum suction blower, an earth and sand collection chamber provided in communication with a suction path of the blower, and a hollow cylindrical excavation cylinder connected to the earth and sand collection chamber via a vacuum duct. , the above-mentioned excavation tube is supported by a supporting member so as to be able to rise and fall up and down with the hollow axis line standing upright on the soil surface, and the soil surface is crushed by blowing pressurized air from the bottom end of the excavation tube, and the soil surface is crushed. In a soil excavation device configured to suck earth and sand into a hollow cylinder of an excavation tube that communicates with a vacuum duct and transfer and discharge the soil, the excavation tube has an excavation tube opening with a large diameter at its lower end. , at the mouth of the excavation tube,
The lower end circumferential portion is equipped with a blowhole that communicates with a blowing source and blows pressurized air toward the soil surface, and a cutting tip that is fixed and protrudes downward from the lower end circumferential edge. or a means for rotating in a reciprocating direction, and the internal opening of the excavation cylinder opening has the same diameter as the hollow cylinder inner diameter of the excavation cylinder at the upper end which serves as a suction passage for earth and sand, and the lower end is narrowed to a smaller diameter than that. A soil excavation device characterized by having a tapered suction port. 2. The internal opening of the excavation tube opening is such that the suction port at the lower end is deviated in the radial direction of the excavation tube opening and opened obliquely with respect to the axis of the hollow cylinder. Soil excavation equipment.