JPH04324091A - Condenser - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a condenser capable of arranging heat transfer tubes with a high density while preventing the give-and-take of heat in the group of the same tubes from being spoiled due to the stagnation of steam. CONSTITUTION:A lanes section 21a is provided with cut-in sections 21b toward obliquely down and are connected to close pack sections 21c. Another lanes section 22a is provided with horizontal cut-in sections 22b and are connected to close pack sections 22c. The other lanes section 23a is provided with cut-in sections 23b obliquely and horizontally while being changed gradually and is connected to close pack sections 23c.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Object of the invention]

0002

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a condenser, and more particularly to a condenser suitable for achieving compactness by improving the arrangement density of heat transfer tubes constituting a group of tubes.

0003

[Prior Art] Generally, a condenser has the function of condensing the exhaust gas of a steam turbine and recovering it as condensate, where the steam is guided to a group of heat exchange tubes and flows through the heat exchange tubes for cooling. Heat is taken away by water and it condenses.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show the specific structure of this condenser. The condenser, which is designated as a whole by the reference numeral 1, has a very large container body 2 that is approximately rectangular. 2
A steam turbine 3 is installed in the upper part of the steam turbine 3, and tens of thousands of heat transfer tubes 4 are housed inside the steam turbine 3, forming a large tube group 5. On both sides of this tube group 5, tube plates 6a,
6b is installed vertically, and water chambers 7a and 7b extending from this to both left and right sides are connected. As shown in FIG. 3, inside the container body 2, the entire tube group 5 is arranged in a bell-shaped configuration, and an enclosure frame 8 is provided at the bottom of the bell-shaped tube group 5. An enclosed gas cooling section 9 is formed. The tube group 5 is composed of a lanes section 5a and a closed pack section 5b, and the exhaust flow of the steam turbine 3 is first guided to the lanes section 5a. Lanes section 5 is used to reduce pressure loss when passing through tube group 5 and to smoothly guide steam to tube group 5.
In section a, a notch 5c in which the heat exchanger tubes 4 are not arranged is provided. Close pack section 5 in the center of the tube arrangement
b, and the heat exchanger tubes 4 are regularly arranged in this part. In this bell-shaped tube arrangement, steam is transferred to tube group 5.
It has a structure in which the flow flows diagonally downward in the upper part and horizontally in the side part. In order to prevent the oblique downward steam flow in the upper part of the tube group 5 from interfering with the horizontal steam flow in the side part, a baffle plate 11 is inserted between them. Therefore, the heat exchanger tubes 4 cannot be placed in this portion. In addition, the inner central area of the tube group 5 is a bag-stitched space 10,
A partition plate 12 is provided at the center to partition the left and right tube groups 5. In addition, the code|symbol 13 has shown the condensate reservoir.

In the condenser 1 having the above configuration, steam flowing from the steam turbine 3 toward the vessel body 2 passes through the water chamber 7a and the cooling water (in this case, seawater is often used) which passes through the heat transfer tubes 4. The steam is deprived of its latent heat, condensed, and collected in the condensate reservoir 13, while the cooling water that has absorbed the heat is returned to the ocean or the like through the water chamber 7b.

As mentioned above, while passing through the tube group 5, the steam loses its latent heat to the cooling water and gradually condenses.
As the non-condensable gas concentration gradually increases, the vapor with a high non-condensable gas concentration is once collected in the space 10 and guided from there to the gas cooling section 9 along the partition plate 12, and then passed through the gas extraction device ( (not shown) to be extracted outside the vessel.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In a large heat exchanger such as a condenser, it is necessary to make the volume and installation area as small as possible to make it more compact. To achieve this, the tube groups may be arranged in high density. By the way, it is known that in a multi-tubular heat exchanger such as a condenser, the transfer of heat between fluids is greatly influenced by the skill of arranging the tubes. Generally, in the condenser 1, it is unavoidable that the heat transfer tubes 4 are lined up in a high density manner, and the flow of steam tends to stagnate in deep parts of the tube group 5 due to an increase in flow resistance. Although such flow resistance can be reduced by lowering the density in the tube arrangement, it is a problem that cannot be easily solved in the condenser 1 where a large number of heat transfer tubes 4 as described above need to be incorporated into a certain determined volume. When this flow resistance becomes significantly large, the flow of steam becomes stagnant in the downstream region, even though heat exchange is maintained well upstream of the tube group 5 due to the pressure loss at that time. The exchange of heat will be significantly reduced compared to the upstream area.

Furthermore, heat transfer tubes are installed on both sides of the baffle plate 11, which is installed to prevent interference between the diagonally downward steam flow in the upper part of the tube group 5 and the horizontal steam flow in the side part. Since steam from the steam turbine 3 flows at high speed through the flow paths on both sides, the baffle plate 1 cannot be placed.
The flow of steam in the closed pack section 5b near the condenser 1 is obstructed, causing steam stagnation, which causes the heat transfer performance of the condenser 1 to deteriorate.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a condenser in which heat transfer tubes can be arranged in a high density while preventing heat transfer in a tube group from being impaired by steam retention. .

[Configuration of the invention]

[0011]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a condenser having a tube group consisting of a large number of heat transfer tubes housed in a container body, in which the tube group is designed for diagonally downward steam flow. A first region consisting of a lanes section in which the notch for horizontal steam flow faces diagonally downward, a second region consisting of a lanes section in which the notch for horizontal steam flow faces horizontally, and a region between the first region and the second region. The pipe arrangement is characterized in that the cut portion includes a third region consisting of a lane section that gradually changes from diagonally downward to the horizontal direction.

0012

[Operation] The tube group is the first region for diagonally downward steam flow;
It is divided into a second region for horizontal steam flow and a third region connecting both regions. A portion of the turbine exhaust steam flows into the first region in which the lanes section has a notch facing diagonally downward and condenses therein, and the remaining steam has a notch in the lanes section which gradually changes from diagonally downward to horizontal. The remaining vapor flows into a third region where it condenses, and the remaining vapor flows into a second region having horizontally oriented cuts in the lanes section where it condenses. As a result, heat transfer tubes can be arranged even in the portion of the baffle plate that separates the obliquely downward steam flow and the horizontal steam flow section, where heat transfer tubes could not be placed heretofore, so that the tube group can be configured with high density.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, the first region 21 has a notch 21b facing diagonally downward in the lanes section 21a,
Lanes section 21a connects to close pack section 21c. Further, the second region 22 has a horizontal cut portion 22b in the lanes section 22a, and the lanes section 22a has a closed pack section 22b.
Connect to 2c. On the other hand, the third region 23 has a notch 23b in the lanes section 23a that gradually changes from diagonally downward to the horizontal direction, and the lanes section 23a is connected to the closed pack section 23c. 3rd above
The configuration other than the area 23 is basically the same as that according to the prior art, and a description thereof will be omitted.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be explained. A portion of the exhaust steam from the turbine 3 flows into the first region 21 . That is, the lanes section 21a
The steam flowing into the section flows diagonally downward through the notch 21b facing diagonally downward, where it is condensed and decelerated, and then flows into the closed pack section 21c, which is a denser tube arrangement area.
most of it is condensed. The steam that has not been completely condensed descends along the partition plate 12 and reaches the air cooling section 9.

On the other hand, the steam that has not flowed into the first region 21 but has flowed downward around the first region 21 changes its inflow direction from diagonally downward to horizontal direction and flows into the third region 21.
3. That is, the steam flowing into the lanes section 23a flows through the cut portion 23b that gradually changes from diagonally downward to the horizontal direction, is condensed and decelerated there, and further flows into the closed pack section 23c, which is a dense pipe arrangement. Most of it is condensed. The steam that has not been completely condensed descends along the partition plate 12 and reaches the air cooling section 9.
leading to.

[0016] Furthermore, the steam that flows downward around the first region 21 and the third region 23 without flowing into them changes its flow direction horizontally and flows into the second region 22. . That is, the steam flowing into the lanes section 22a flows horizontally through the horizontally oriented cut portion 22b, where it is condensed and decelerated, and further flows into the close pack section 22c, which is a dense pipe arrangement area, where it is decelerated. Most of it is condensed. The steam that has not been completely condensed descends along the partition plate 12 and reaches the air cooling section 9.

In this way, the tube group 20 is divided into a first region 21 for a diagonally downward steam flow, a third region 23 for a steam flow that gradually changes from diagonally downward to the horizontal direction, and a third region 23 for a horizontal steam flow. Since the partition plate 1 is divided into the second region 22, the partition plate 1 is used to separate the diagonally downward steam flow and the horizontal steam flow, which is indispensable in the conventional bell-shaped pipe arrangement.
1 becomes unnecessary, and it becomes possible to arrange the heat exchanger tube 4 in this part. Therefore, the arrangement density can be increased compared to the conventional pipe arrangement, and the condenser can be configured more compactly.

[0018]

Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above description, the present invention enables a tube group consisting of a large number of heat transfer tubes to be divided into a first region for diagonally downward steam flow and a second region for horizontal steam flow. Since the third region is provided for the horizontal steam flow from the diagonal downward steam flow connecting the regions, there is no need for a baffle plate to separate the diagonal downward steam flow from the horizontal steam flow section.

[0019] Furthermore, since the third region is placed in place of the baffle plate, the high-speed steam flow that previously occurred on both sides of the baffle plate is eliminated, and condensation due to steam accumulation in the closed pack section is eliminated. This can prevent the performance of the device from deteriorating.

Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the size of the tube group and increase the arrangement density of the heat exchanger tubes, thereby achieving the excellent effect that the condenser can be constructed compactly.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a condenser according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a conventional condenser.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the pipe arrangement of a conventional condenser.

[Explanation of symbols]

2... Container body 4... Heat transfer tubes 5... Tube group 9... Gas cooling section 11... Deflector plate 20... Tube group 21... First region 21a... Lanes section 21b of the first region... 1
Notch portion 21c in the area...Close pack section 22 in the area 1...
2 area 22a...Lane's section 22b in 2 area...Notch part 22c in 2 area...Close pack section 23 in 2 area...
Region 23a of 3...Lane section 23b of region 3...Notch part of region 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] Claim 1: A condenser having a tube group consisting of a large number of heat transfer tubes housed in a container body, wherein the tube group is comprised of a lanes section in which a notch for diagonally downward steam flow is directed diagonally downward. a first region, a second region consisting of a lanes section in which a notch for horizontal steam flow faces horizontally; and a second region located between the first region and the second region, in which the notch extends diagonally from below in the horizontal direction; A condenser characterized in that it comprises a tube arrangement comprising a third region consisting of lanes sections that gradually change to .